CN115873638A - Gasification nozzle - Google Patents

Gasification nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115873638A
CN115873638A CN202211659901.2A CN202211659901A CN115873638A CN 115873638 A CN115873638 A CN 115873638A CN 202211659901 A CN202211659901 A CN 202211659901A CN 115873638 A CN115873638 A CN 115873638A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hot fuel
gasification
channel
hot
agent
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Pending
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CN202211659901.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁晨
任强强
李伟
吕清刚
李百航
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Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
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Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
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Priority to CN202211659901.2A priority Critical patent/CN115873638A/en
Publication of CN115873638A publication Critical patent/CN115873638A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a gasification nozzle, comprising a hot fuel conveying unit, a gasification agent conveying unit and a fire-resistant insulating layer; the hot fuel conveying unit is used for conveying hot fuel to the gasification furnace in a spiral downward flow mode from the hot fuel inlet through the hot fuel channel; the at least two gasification agent conveying units are used for conveying gasification agents into the gasification furnace sequentially through a gasification agent inlet channel, a gasification agent header and a gasification agent outlet channel; the gasification agent collection box is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasification agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel; the fire-resistant heat preservation layer is of a cylindrical structure and is coaxially arranged with the hot fuel conveying unit, and the hot fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header and the gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded in the fire-resistant heat preservation layer. The device can be used for conveying and reacting hot fuel and gasifying agent at 800-1100 ℃, so that the concentration of hot semicoke particles in the hot fuel and the reaction strengthening of the hot semicoke and the gasifying agent are realized, and the oxidation of the gasifying agent to the hot gas is reduced.

Description

Gasification nozzle
The application is a divisional application, and the application number of a parent case is as follows: 202010616282.3, filing date: 30/06/2020, title: a gasification nozzle.
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of gasification, in particular to a gasification nozzle.
Background
Coal gasification technology is one of the important technologies for efficiently and cleanly utilizing coal. The entrained flow gasification technology is one of coal gasification technologies, has the characteristics of high carbon conversion rate and high cold coal gas efficiency, but has strict requirements on grindability or slurry forming characteristics of raw coal, is difficult to be applied to fuels such as low-rank coal with high moisture and poor grindability, and has small processed fuel particle size and high preparation cost. The fluidization and fusion gasification process combines the fluidization regulation and control of coal with the fluidized bed gasification, utilizes the technical characteristics of fluidization, effectively reduces the requirements of the system on the type and the particle size of raw material coal, and can realize the high-efficiency gasification of liquid slag discharge.
In the fluidized fusion gasification process, fuel is fluidized and regulated to be changed into hot fuel (comprising hot semicoke and hot coal gas), the hot fuel enters a gasification unit together with a gasification agent through a nozzle, and the high-temperature characteristic of the hot fuel is utilized to enable the hot fuel to be in contact with the gasification agent instantly to generate strong oxidation reaction and form a high-temperature zone, so that the gasification reaction is enhanced. Most of the existing entrained flow gasification nozzles are multi-channel nozzles, and conveyed materials are cold fuel and gasifying agents.
Unlike conventional entrained-flow gasification, in the fluidized-bed fusion gasification process, the materials delivered by the nozzles of the gasification unit are hot fuel (such as high-temperature fuel with the temperature of 800-1000 ℃) and normal-temperature gasification agent. Because the organization mode of hot fuel and gasifying agent in the fluidized fusion gasification process is different from the gasification mode of a fluidized bed, if an inner cooling type nozzle is adopted, the hot fuel is cooled along the way of the nozzle, the temperature of the hot fuel is reduced, and the gasification process performance is seriously influenced; if an external cooling type nozzle is adopted, the gasifying agent channel and the hot fuel channel are only isolated from the metal wall surface, and the gasifying agent is heated, so that the operation safety of the system is seriously influenced. Even if a heat insulation coating is added in the pipeline, the cost is high, and meanwhile, the effect is poor.
On the other hand, because the hot fuel comprises two parts of hot semicoke and hot gas, and the homogeneous reaction of the hot gas and the oxidant is much faster than the heterogeneous reaction of the hot semicoke and the oxidant, the hot gas and the oxidant are mixed when the existing nozzle is used, so that the hot gas is oxidized and CO is generated 2 And the mixing of hot gas can also lead to lower concentration of hot semicoke particles, which is not beneficial to strengthening the gasification reaction of the hot semicoke.
Thus, prior art gasification nozzles are not applicable to the delivery of hot fuels and gasification agents and to the organization of their reactions in fluidized fusion gasification processes.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The present disclosure provides a gasification nozzle to solve the technical problems set forth above.
(II) technical scheme
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a gasification nozzle comprising:
the hot fuel conveying unit is used for conveying the hot fuel to the gasification furnace from the hot fuel inlet to flow downwards through the hot fuel channel; the hot fuel channel is of a cylindrical structure;
the gasification agent conveying unit is used for conveying a gasification agent into the gasification furnace through at least two gasification agent inlet channels, a gasification agent header and a gasification agent outlet channel in sequence; the gasification agent header is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasification agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel;
the fireproof heat preservation layer is of a cylindrical structure, the fireproof heat preservation layer is coaxially arranged with the hot fuel conveying unit, and the hot fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header and the gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded in the fireproof heat preservation layer.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through the axis of the hot fuel passage; or the axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through the center of the cross section of the hot fuel channel.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hot fuel delivery unit further comprises:
the hot fuel channel and the hot fuel inlet are coaxially arranged; the hot fuel delivery unit further comprises: and the stop block is arranged at the outlet of the hot fuel channel in a built-in mode, and is connected with the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through the connecting beam.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hot fuel delivery unit further comprises: the check block is arranged at the outlet of the hot fuel channel, and a through hole is formed in the center of the check block; the outlet of the hot fuel channel is of an expanding structure; the side wall surface of the stop block is a conical annular seam between a conical surface and the outlet of the hot fuel channel; the included angle between the side wall surface of the stop block and the cross section of the outlet of the hot fuel channel is beta, wherein the beta is more than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 80 degrees.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gasifying agent header is an annular channel and is in communication with the gasifying agent inlet channel; the gasification agent outlet channel is connected with the gasification agent header; the gasification agent conveying unit further comprises:
the cooling channel is arranged outside the gasifying agent inlet channel and the gasifying agent header; the cooling passages are provided in pairs, and the two cooling passages serve as a cooling medium inlet pipe and a cooling medium outlet pipe, respectively.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the gasifying agent outlet is at an angle α to the outlet end of the hot fuel channel, wherein α is 20 ° or more and 80 ° or less.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of the gasifying agent outlet passages is an integer of 2 or more; the gasification agent outlet channels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hot fuel channel; the number of the gasification agent outlet channels is more than or equal to that of the gasification agent inlet channels.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cross-section of the hot fuel passage inlet is any one of rectangular, circular, and oval; the hot fuel passage is a rotor space.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hot fuel comprises hot char particles and high temperature combustible gases; the high-temperature combustible gas is selected from CH 4 、H 2 One or more of CO and CO; the temperature range of the hot fuel is 800-1100 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the minimum thickness H of the layer of insulating refractory material between the cooling channel and the hot fuel channel outside the gasifying agent inlet channel is greater than or equal to the minimum thickness H of the layer of insulating refractory material between the cooling channel and the hot fuel channel outside the gasifying agent header.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the gasification nozzle disclosed by the invention has at least one or part of the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the hot fuel gasification nozzle, the hot fuel inlet and the hot fuel channel are arranged in a tangential mode or the hot fuel outlet is provided with the stop block, hot semicoke particles are concentrated on the wall surface of the channel outlet, the concentration and the flow of the semicoke particles at the initial contact stage of the hot fuel and the gasifying agent are improved, the gasification reaction of the hot semicoke is strengthened, meanwhile, the concentration and the flow of hot coal gas at the initial contact stage of the hot fuel and the gasifying agent are reduced, the hot coal gas is oxidized and consumed by the gasifying agent, and the phenomenon that the hot coal gas is consumed and the hot coal gas dilutes the semicoke particles due to the fact that the existing gasification nozzle only strengthens the mixing of the fuel and the gasifying agent is avoided.
(2) The arrangement of the gasification agent outlet and the hot fuel channel outlet in the present disclosure can ensure that the hot fuel and the gasification agent reasonably organize to enter the gasification furnace, and simultaneously, the temperature loss of the hot fuel is minimized.
(3) The arrangement of the cooling channel ensures that the temperatures of the gasification agent inlet channel and the wall surface of the gasification agent header are in a safe temperature range.
(4) The arrangement of the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer reduces the heat dissipation of the hot fuel and reduces the heat transfer quantity between the hot fuel and the gasifying agent.
(5) The angle of the gasification agent outlet channel, the gasification agent outlet speed and the hot fuel outlet speed are matched with each other, so that the mixing of hot fuel and the gasification agent and the position of a high-temperature area in the gasification furnace can be effectively controlled, and the gasification strength in the gasification furnace is ensured while the refractory and heat-insulating materials on the inner wall of the gasification furnace are protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a top view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 7.
FIG. 9 is a top view of a third embodiment gasification nozzle of the present disclosure.
FIG. 10 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 10.
FIG. 13 is a top view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
[ description of main reference numerals in the drawings ] of the embodiments of the present disclosure
10-a hot fuel delivery unit;
11-hot fuel passages; 12-hot fuel inlet;
13-a stopper; 14-a connecting beam;
20-a gasification agent conveying unit;
21-a gasifying agent inlet channel; 22-a gasifying agent header;
23-a gasifying agent outlet channel; 24-a cooling channel;
30-a fireproof heat-insulating layer;
the angle alpha-included angle.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure provides a gasification nozzle, comprising a hot fuel conveying unit, a gasification agent conveying unit and a fireproof heat-insulating layer; the hot fuel conveying unit is used for conveying hot fuel to the gasification furnace from the hot fuel inlet to flow downwards in a spiral shape through the hot fuel channel; the gasification agent conveying unit is used for conveying a gasification agent into the gasification furnace through a gasification agent inlet channel, a gasification agent header and a gasification agent outlet channel in sequence; the gasification agent collection box is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasification agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel; the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer is of a cylindrical structure and is coaxially arranged with the hot fuel conveying unit, and the hot fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header and the gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded in the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer. The device can be used for conveying and reacting hot fuel and gasifying agent at 800-1100 ℃, so that the concentration of hot semicoke particles in the hot fuel and the reaction strengthening of the hot semicoke and the gasifying agent are realized, and the oxidation of the gasifying agent to the hot gas is reduced.
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, the present disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Certain embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the disclosure are shown. Indeed, various embodiments of the disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements.
In a first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a gasification nozzle is provided. FIG. 1 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a top view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present disclosure provides a gasification nozzle including a hot fuel delivery unit 10, a gasifying agent delivery unit 20, and a refractory insulating layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12 and a hot fuel passageway 11. The gasifying agent conveying unit 20 comprises a gasifying agent inlet channel 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet channel 23 and a cooling channel 24.
The hot fuel channel 11 is cylindrical and is used for conveying hot fuel to gasificationAnd (4) the furnace is filled. The hot fuel includes hot semicoke particles and high temperature combustible gases. The high-temperature combustible gas is generated by pyrolyzing and gasifying carbon-based fuel and comprises H 2 、CO、CH 4 And other hydrocarbon gases, and the like.
The hot fuel inlet 12 is arranged axially tangentially to the hot fuel channel 11 for conveying hot fuel into the hot fuel channel 11. With respect to a tangential arrangement, in particular the axis of the hot fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the axis of the hot fuel channel 11; or the axis of the hot fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the center of the cross-section of the hot fuel channel 11. After the hot fuel enters the hot fuel channel 11 from the tangential inlet, the hot semicoke particles are concentrated near the wall surface of the hot fuel channel 11 due to the inertia effect and flow downwards in a cyclone shape, and the distribution with low concentration of the hot semicoke particles at the center and high concentration of the particles near the wall surface is formed at the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11, namely, the semicoke particles are concentrated near the wall surface of the hot fuel channel, and the concentration of the hot semicoke particles is realized near the outlet wall surface of the hot fuel channel 11.
The gasification agent inlet channel 21 is axially parallel to the hot fuel channel 11 and is connected to a gasification agent header 22. In an alternative embodiment, at least two gasifying agent inlet channels 21 are evenly distributed around the hot fuel channel 11.
The gasifying agent header 22 is an annular channel and is communicated with the gasifying agent inlet channel 21.
The gasifying agent outlet channel 23 is communicated with the gasifying agent header 22 and is used for conveying the gasifying agent into the gasifier. The number of the gasification agent inlet channels 23 is at least 2, in an alternative embodiment, the number of the gasification agent outlet channels 23 is more than or equal to 2, the gasification agent inlet channels are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, wherein n is an integer more than 1. More preferably, n is an integer greater than 2.
The cooling passage 24 is provided outside the gasifying agent inlet passage 21 and the gasifying agent header 22. The number of the gasifying agent inlet passages 21 is 2m, wherein m is an integer of 1 or more. When the number of the gasifying agent inlet passages 21 is two, one of the two cooling passages outside the gasifying agent inlet passage 21 serves as a cooling medium inlet pipe, and the other serves as a cooling medium outlet pipe. When the number of the gasifying agent inlet passages 21 is 2m, m of them serve as cooling medium inlet pipes, and the other m serve as cooling medium outlet pipes.
The angle α between the centerline of the gasifying agent outlet channel 23 and the outlet cross section of the hot fuel channel 11 is 20 ° to 80 °, and any one of 20 °, 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, and 80 ° is applicable to this embodiment, which is not illustrated here. The included angle alpha is determined according to the requirement on the position of a high-temperature area in the gasification furnace, and the rapid and sufficient mixing of the gasification agent and the hot fuel is ensured by setting different included angles. The gasification agent outlet channel 23 is close to the outlet wall surface of the hot fuel channel 11, and the gasification agent is directly contacted with the dense-phase hot semi-coke particles, so that the gasification reaction of the hot semi-coke particles is enhanced.
The outer wall surface of the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 30 is a cylinder body coaxial with the hot fuel channel 11, and the hot fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel 21, the gasifying agent header 22, the gasifying agent outlet channel 23 and the cooling channel 24 are all embedded in the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 30, so that the hot fuel conveying unit 10 and the gasifying agent conveying unit 20 form a whole together.
In this embodiment, the hot fuel inlet 12 and the hot fuel passage 11 are formed of a high temperature alloy material (e.g., 310s, inconel600, inconel625, inconel825, etc.) or a refractory insulating material (e.g., corundum, mullite, chrome brick, etc.), and the outer wall of the hot fuel inlet 12 and the hot fuel passage 11, which is in contact with the hot fuel, is coated with a wear-resistant material (e.g., wear-resistant castable, plastic, ramming material, wear-resistant brick, corundum, ceramic, etc.). The wall surfaces of the gasifying agent inlet channel 21, the gasifying agent header 22 and the cooling channel 24 are made of high-temperature alloy materials; the gasifying agent outlet passage 23 is made of high-temperature alloy, and the outer wall is laid with heat-insulating material (such as aluminate, high-alumina fine material, ceramsite, corundum, mullite, silicate, calcium silicate and the like).
The minimum thickness H of the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 30 between the cooling channel 24 outside the gasifying agent inlet channel 21 and the hot fuel channel 11 is greater than or equal to the minimum thickness H of the fire-resistant heat-insulating layer between the cooling channel 24 outside the gasifying agent header 22 and the hot fuel channel 11, so that the influence of the cooling medium in the cooling channel on the temperature of the hot fuel is reduced as much as possible, and the influence of the hot fuel on the temperature of the gasifying agent in the gasifying agent outlet channel is reduced.
The gasification agent inlet passages 21 and the cooling passages 24 may be provided in various combinations, for example, a plurality of gasification agent inlet passages 21 and a plurality of cooling passages 24 form a gasification agent-cooling passage group, and each gasification agent inlet passage 21 is arranged coaxially with one cooling passage 24. Wherein, the number of the gasifying agent outlet channels 23 is more than or equal to the number of the gasifying agent inlet channels 21.
The cooling channels 24 may be cooling jackets or cooling coils. When the cooling channel 24 is a cooling coil, the metal coil is spirally wound on the outer wall of the gasifying agent inlet channel 21 and the gasifying agent header 22 to be cooled.
In the embodiment, the hot fuel is sent into the gasification furnace through the hot fuel channel 11, and the gasification agent is sent into the gasification furnace through the gasification agent inlet channel 21, the gasification agent header 22 and the gasification agent outlet channel 23; by utilizing the tangential arrangement mode of the hot fuel inlet 12 and the hot fuel channel 11, hot semicoke particles are concentrated near the wall surface of the channel outlet, the gasification reaction of the hot semicoke is strengthened, and the oxidation consumption of hot coal gas by a gasification agent is reduced; the temperature of the gasification agent inlet channel and the wall surface of the gasification agent header is ensured to be in a safe temperature range by utilizing the cooling channel; the heat dissipation of the hot fuel is reduced by the refractory insulating layer 30, and the heat transfer amount between the hot fuel and the gasifying agent is reduced.
The fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 30 isolates the hot fuel channel 11 from the cooling channel 24, thereby effectively reducing the influence of the cooling medium in the cooling channel 24 on the temperature of the hot fuel and ensuring the temperature of the hot fuel entering the gasification furnace; meanwhile, a fireproof heat-insulating layer 30 and a cooling channel 24 are arranged between the gasifying agent inlet channel 21 and the gasifying agent header 22 and the hot fuel channel 11, so that the influence of hot fuel on the temperature of the gasifying agent is effectively reduced, and the temperature of the gasifying agent is ensured to be in a safe range. The angle of the gasifying agent outlet channel 23, the gasifying agent outlet speed and the hot fuel outlet speed are matched with each other, so that the mixing of hot fuel and the gasifying agent and the position of a high-temperature area in the gasification furnace can be effectively controlled, and the gasification strength in the gasification furnace is ensured while the refractory and heat-insulating materials on the inner wall of the gasification furnace are protected. Because the hot fuel channel 11 and the gasifying agent conveying unit 20 need to be isolated by the fireproof heat-insulating layer 30, a certain radial distance exists between the gasifying agent outlet and the hot fuel outlet, so that the mixing of the hot fuel and the gasifying agent is delayed, but because the temperature of the hot fuel is higher than the ignition point, the mixing delay of the hot fuel and the gasifying agent does not influence the organization and the integral gasification performance of the gasification process.
In a second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a gasification nozzle is provided. FIG. 5 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the gasification nozzle of the present embodiment is mainly different from the gasification nozzle of the first embodiment in that:
the hot fuel inlet 12 is of a volute type structure, and the hot fuel channel 12 is arranged approximately tangentially. As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the gasification nozzle includes a hot fuel delivery unit 10, a gasifying agent delivery unit 20, and a refractory insulating layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12 and a hot fuel passageway 11. The gasifying agent conveying unit 20 comprises a gasifying agent inlet channel 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet channel 23 and a cooling channel 24.
Wherein, hot fuel enters the hot fuel passageway 11 tangentially by the hot fuel entry 12 of spiral case formula, and hot semicoke granule can be concentrated near the wall of hot fuel passageway 11 because of inertia effect to flow downwards in the form of whirlwind, forms the concentrated distribution of the granule concentration near the dilute wall of center department hot semicoke granule concentration in the exit of hot fuel passageway 11 to realize the concentration of hot semicoke granule near the exit wall of hot fuel passageway 11, realize gasification agent and the hot semicoke granule direct contact of dense phase, strengthened going on of hot semicoke granule gasification reaction.
In a third exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a gasification nozzle is provided. FIG. 7 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a third embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 7. FIG. 9 is a top view of a third embodiment gasification nozzle of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the gasification nozzle of the present embodiment is mainly different from the gasification nozzle of the first embodiment in that:
the hot fuel inlet 12 is the inlet end face of the hot fuel channel, and a stop block 13 is added at the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11, and the stop block 13 is connected with the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through a refractory material connecting beam. The shape of the stopper 13 may be a cone or a shuttle, etc.
As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the gasification nozzle includes: a hot fuel conveying unit 10, a gasifying agent conveying unit 20 and a fireproof heat-insulating layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12, a hot fuel passage 11, a stopper 13, and a connection beam 14. The gasifying agent conveying unit 20 comprises a gasifying agent inlet channel 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet channel 23 and a cooling channel 24.
After the hot fuel enters the hot fuel channel 11 from the end face of the hot fuel inlet 12, under the action of the stop 13 at the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11, the hot semicoke particles will be concentrated near the wall surface of the channel due to the inertia effect and continue to move along the axial direction of the hot fuel channel 11, and remain to the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11. Under the action, the concentration distribution of the particles near the dilute wall surface of the concentration of the hot semi-coke particles at the inner side is formed at the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11, so that the concentration of the hot semi-coke particles is realized near the wall surface of the outlet of the hot fuel channel, the gasification agent is directly contacted with the hot semi-coke particles of the concentrated phase, and the gasification reaction of the hot semi-coke particles is enhanced.
In a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a gasification nozzle is provided. FIG. 10 is a front view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 11 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 10. FIG. 13 is a top view of a gasification nozzle in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 10 to 13, the gasification nozzle of the present embodiment is mainly different from the gasification nozzle of the first embodiment in that:
the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11 is of an expanding structure, a stop block 13 is additionally arranged at the outlet of the hot fuel channel 11, a through hole is formed in the middle of the stop block 13, and the stop block 13 is connected with the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through a refractory material connecting beam. The shape of the stopper 13 may be a cone or a shuttle, etc.
As shown in fig. 10 to 13, the gasification nozzle includes: a hot fuel conveying unit 10, a gasifying agent conveying unit 20 and a fireproof heat-insulating layer 30. The hot fuel delivery unit 10 includes a hot fuel inlet 12, a hot fuel passage 11, a stopper 13, and a connection beam 14. The gasifying agent conveying unit 20 comprises a gasifying agent inlet channel 21, a gasifying agent header 22, a gasifying agent outlet channel 23 and a cooling channel 24. Wherein the gasification agent inlet channel 21 is arranged tangentially to the hot fuel channel 11 so that the fuel forms a rotating flow in the hot fuel channel 11 after flowing into it. With respect to a tangential arrangement, in particular the axis of the hot fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the axis of the hot fuel channel 11; or the axis of the hot fuel inlet 12 does not pass through the center of the cross section of the hot fuel channel 11. The wall surface of the hot fuel channel close to the outlet is arranged to be a conical flaring-shaped structure, the side wall surface of the stop block 13 is also a conical surface, and a conical circumferential seam is formed between the side wall surface and the conical flaring-shaped wall surface. The side of the connecting beam 14 is curved in a direction corresponding to the direction of rotation of the hot fuel stream, and preferably, the curved surface has an involute structure. A through hole is provided in the middle of the stopper 13.
Wherein, the coupling beam 14 is at least 2, evenly arranges along the circumference.
Wherein, the included angle β between the generatrix of the side wall conical surface of the block 13 and the outlet cross section of the hot fuel channel 11 is 20-80 °, and is any one of 20 °, 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, and 80 °, which can be applied to the embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the d angle is set to 20 ° - (170 ° - β).
In this embodiment, after the hot fuel is rotated, the semicoke particles are concentrated near the wall surface and flow downward along the wall surface. At the conical annular seam between the stop block 13 and the conical flaring wall surface, most of the semicoke enters the annular seam under the inertia effect, and most of the reducing gas continues downwards from the middle through hole of the stop block 13. Through setting up the toper dog that hot fuel tangential got into and the middle through-hole that is equipped with, make semicoke and reducing gas in the hot fuel follow the circumferential weld bottom and middle through-hole outflow spout respectively, the distance of semicoke and reducing gas is farther, and the contact of semicoke and gasification agent is inseparabler, consequently can strengthen the reaction of gasification agent and semicoke, weakens the gasification agent to reducing gas's consumption. Thereby improving gasification efficiency.
So far, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the implementations not shown or described in the drawings or in the text of this specification are in a form known to those skilled in the art and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of the various elements and methods are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or modes of operation set forth in the examples, which may be readily modified or substituted by those of ordinary skill in the art.
From the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the gasification nozzles of the present disclosure.
In conclusion, the present disclosure provides a gasification nozzle for delivering and reacting a hot fuel and a gasification agent at 800-1100 ℃, which can realize the concentration of hot semi-coke particles in the hot fuel and the enhancement of the reaction of the hot semi-coke and the gasification agent, reduce the oxidation of the gasification agent to the hot gas, can be applied to the delivery of the hot fuel and the gasification agent in a fluidized fusion gasification process and organize the reaction thereof, and has a wide application prospect in the field of gasification technology.
It should also be noted that directional terms, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like, used in the embodiments are only directions referring to the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, like elements are represented by like or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may obscure the understanding of the present disclosure.
And the shapes and sizes of the respective components in the drawings do not reflect actual sizes and proportions, but merely illustrate the contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present disclosure. In particular, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Generally, the expression is meant to encompass variations of ± 10% in some embodiments, 5% in some embodiments, 1% in some embodiments, 0.5% in some embodiments by the specified amount.
Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, various features of the disclosure are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various disclosed aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be construed to reflect the intent: rather, the present disclosure is directed to more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, disclosed aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this disclosure.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A gasification nozzle, comprising:
the hot fuel conveying unit is used for conveying the hot fuel to the gasification furnace from the hot fuel inlet to flow downwards through the hot fuel channel; the hot fuel channel is of a cylindrical structure;
the gasification agent conveying unit is used for conveying a gasification agent into the gasification furnace through at least two gasification agent inlet channels, a gasification agent header and a gasification agent outlet channel in sequence; the gasification agent collection box is sleeved outside the hot fuel channel, and the axis of the gasification agent inlet channel is parallel to the axis of the hot fuel channel;
the fire-resistant heat-insulation layer is of a cylindrical structure, the fire-resistant heat-insulation layer and the hot fuel conveying unit are coaxially arranged, and the hot fuel channel, the gasifying agent inlet channel, the gasifying agent header and the gasifying agent outlet channel are embedded in the fire-resistant heat-insulation layer;
wherein, the gasification agent outlet channels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hot fuel channel;
the axial direction of the hot fuel inlet is arranged tangentially to the hot fuel channel.
2. The gasification nozzle of claim 1, wherein an axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through an axis of the hot fuel passage; or the axis of the hot fuel inlet does not pass through the center of the cross section of the hot fuel channel.
3. The gasification nozzle of claim 1, wherein the hot fuel delivery unit further comprises:
the hot fuel channel and the hot fuel inlet are coaxially arranged; the hot fuel delivery unit further comprises: and the stop block is arranged at the outlet of the hot fuel channel in a built-in mode, and is connected with the inner wall of the hot fuel channel through the connecting beam.
4. The gasification nozzle of claim 1, wherein the hot fuel delivery unit further comprises: the check block is arranged at the outlet of the hot fuel channel, and a through hole is formed in the center of the check block; the outlet of the hot fuel channel is of an expanding structure; the side wall surface of the stop block is a conical annular seam between a conical surface and the outlet of the hot fuel channel; the included angle between the side wall surface of the stop block and the cross section of the outlet of the hot fuel channel is beta, wherein the beta is more than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 80 degrees.
5. The gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gasification agent header is an annular channel and communicates with the gasification agent inlet channel; the gasification agent outlet channel is connected with the gasification agent header; the gasification agent delivery unit further comprises:
the cooling channel is arranged outside the gasifying agent inlet channel and the gasifying agent header; the cooling passages are provided in pairs, and the two cooling passages serve as a cooling medium inlet pipe and a cooling medium outlet pipe, respectively.
6. A gasification nozzle according to any of claims 1 to 4 wherein the gasification agent outlet is at an angle α to the outlet end face of the hot fuel channel, wherein α is 20 ° or more and 80 ° or less.
7. The gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the number of gasification agent outlet passages is an integer of 2 or more; the number of the gasification agent outlet channels is more than or equal to that of the gasification agent inlet channels.
8. The gasification nozzle of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein a cross-section of the hot fuel passage inlet is any of rectangular, circular, and elliptical; the hot fuel passage is a rotor space.
9. The gasification nozzle of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hot fuel comprises hot char particles and high temperature combustible gas; the high-temperature combustible gas is selected from CH 4 、H 2 One or more of CO and CO; the temperature range of the hot fuel is 800-1100 ℃.
10. A gasification nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the minimum thickness H of the layer of insulating refractory material between the cooling channel and the hot fuel channel outside the gasification agent inlet channel is greater than or equal to the minimum thickness H of the layer of insulating refractory material between the cooling channel and the hot fuel channel outside the gasification agent header.
CN202211659901.2A 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Gasification nozzle Pending CN115873638A (en)

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US4502633A (en) * 1982-11-05 1985-03-05 Eastman Kodak Company Variable capacity gasification burner
US4887962A (en) * 1988-02-17 1989-12-19 Shell Oil Company Partial combustion burner with spiral-flow cooled face
CN2253800Y (en) * 1995-08-18 1997-05-07 哈尔滨锅炉有限责任公司 Concentration type self-stabilizing coal powder burner
JP5629887B2 (en) * 2010-07-20 2014-11-26 電源開発株式会社 Coal gasifier system
KR101334848B1 (en) * 2012-02-10 2013-11-29 한국기초과학지원연구원 Plasma Gasifier
DE102013018992A1 (en) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-13 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for supplying gasification agent into a low-temperature gasifier
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CN111286366B (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-08-13 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Multi-channel nozzle and reactor
CN111286367B (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-08-03 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Cooled nozzle and reactor
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