CN115868651A - Device and method for producing high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pet and pet food - Google Patents

Abstract

A device and a method for producing high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets and the pet food, wherein the device comprises a conditioner and a puffing machine, wherein the conditioner is used for conditioning the pretreated fresh meat and dry materials to form mixed feed and conveying the mixed feed to the puffing machine; the bulking machine is used for bulking the mixed feed material to form pet food; the shell of the conditioner is provided with a first heating device which is physically isolated from the mixed feeding in the conditioner and is used for heating the mixed feeding. The invention adopts a physical isolation heating mode to heat and modulate the mixed feeding material, the heating device or the energy-carrying fluid is not mixed with the mixed feeding material, but the heat is transferred to the mixed feeding material to be heated through a heat conduction mode, the problems of introducing more moisture into the mixed feeding material, adopting air to heat the mixed feeding material with low efficiency and the like in the prior art are solved, and the invention has the advantages of uniform heating of the mixed feeding material, accurate temperature control, high heat transfer efficiency and the like.

Description

Device and method for producing high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pet and pet food

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pet food processing, and relates to a device for producing high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets, a method for producing high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets, and pet food containing high-proportion fresh meat.

Background

The method for improving the content proportion of the fresh meat in the puffed pet food is a difficult problem which is difficult to overcome for a long time in the technical field of pet food processing, and the reasons are as follows:

in the first aspect, the bulking machine has a strict upper limit on the moisture content of the mixed feed material, and once the moisture content of the mixed feed material exceeds the upper equipment limit of the bulking machine (typically 15% to 35%), cooking and bulking of the feed material cannot be achieved. The water content of fresh meat is generally 70-80%, and in order to adjust the water content of the mixed feeding material of the bulking machine, the fresh meat and more starch dry materials are generally required to be mixed and modified, so that the water content requirement of the bulking machine on the mixed feeding material can be met. The puffed pet food produced by the method has the highest fresh meat content of only 30-35%, and the increase of the fresh meat adding proportion in the pet food is seriously limited.

In a second aspect, in order to improve the nutritional index of pet food, it is desirable to maintain the temperature of fresh meat at-4-56 ℃ during the production process until the meat enters the puffing machine to finish the curing process once. This is because fresh meat can maintain an optimum nutritional state in this temperature range. If the temperature is lower than-4 ℃, the water in the fresh meat generates ice crystals in the muscle fiber gaps and grows up gradually, so that the protein of the muscle fiber is denatured; if the temperature is higher than 56 ℃, the protein in the muscle fiber will generate coagulation type denaturation. Denaturation of protein can be considered as a process of primary maturation, and the denatured protein has a lower fluidity and a lower solubility than before, thereby affecting the effect of secondary maturation. In particular, once the fresh meat is prematurely denatured prior to entering the expander, the resulting pet food product not only has a poor mouth feel, but also has a significant reduction in nutritional content. For example, pet foods produced using frozen meat, freeze-dried meat, or meat meal as a raw material have consistently not been comparable in quality to pet foods made directly from fresh meat.

The invention patent of China 'a production system and a method for producing high-proportion fresh meat pet puffed food' (patent number: ZL 201810528772.0) discloses a technical scheme for producing high-proportion fresh meat pet puffed food, and particularly discloses the invention concepts of adopting an emulsification dehydration device to dehydrate fresh meat, introducing hot air into a conditioner to heat feeding materials and the like. However, the following problems still exist with this solution: firstly, although the patent proposes the inventive concept of dehydrating fresh meat in the pretreatment process, the name and function of the emulsifying dehydration device are only given, the specific structure or the working principle of the device are not disclosed, and the device does not belong to the prior art, so that the technical scheme cannot be actually implemented by a person skilled in the art after reading the patent specification. Secondly, the patent provides an inventive concept that hot steam is not adopted to heat the mixed feeding material to be puffed in the tempering process, so that the moisture in the mixed feeding material is not additionally increased, and provides a specific scheme that hot air is adopted to heat the mixed feeding material in the tempering device, but in practical application, the hot air has very light specific gravity relative to the mixed feeding material and cannot be fully mixed with the minced meat-shaped mixed feeding material, so that the heat exchange capacity between the hot air and the minced meat-shaped mixed feeding material is very poor; and, because of the small heat capacity value and poor heat conductivity of the hot air, the feeding material cannot be effectively heated in the actual production. Meanwhile, hot air is adopted to heat the feeding material in the conditioner, so that a large amount of gas components are remained in the mixed feeding material, and the puffing forming of the mixed feeding material in the puffing machine is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome one of the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for producing high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets and pet food.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a device for producing high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets comprises a conditioner and a puffing machine, wherein the conditioner is used for conditioning pretreated fresh meat and dry materials to form mixed feed and conveying the mixed feed to the puffing machine; the bulking machine is used for bulking the mixed feed material to form pet food; the shell of the conditioner is provided with a first heating device which is physically isolated from the mixed feeding in the conditioner and is used for heating the mixed feeding.

Further, the first heating device comprises at least one of the following structures: the outer part of the shell is wrapped with an electric heating device; the shell is of a sandwich structure, and an electric heating device is arranged in the sandwich; the shell is of a sandwich structure, and a first energy carrying channel for carrying energy fluid to circulate is arranged in the sandwich.

Furthermore, a second heating device physically isolated from the mixed feeding in the conditioner is arranged in the screw of the conditioner and used for heating the mixed feeding.

Further, the second heating device comprises at least one of the following structures: the interior of a screw rod of the conditioner is of an axial hollow structure, and an electric heating device is arranged in the axial hollow structure; and a second energy-carrying channel for the circulation of energy-carrying fluid is arranged in the screw rod of the conditioner along the axial direction.

Further, the output temperature of the first heating device and the second heating device is more than 100 ℃, and the first heating device and the second heating device are used for heating the mixed feed in the conditioner to 70-100 ℃.

Further, the conditioning time of the mixed feed is greater than 120 seconds.

Further, the conditioner comprises an upper conditioner and a lower conditioner, wherein the output temperature of a first heating device and a second heating device of the upper conditioner is less than or equal to 56 ℃, and the first heating device and the second heating device are used for realizing the preheating and the full stirring and mixing of the mixed feed; the output temperature of the first heating device and the second heating device of the lower-layer conditioner is more than 100 ℃, and the first heating device and the second heating device are used for heating the mixed feed in the conditioner to 70-100 ℃.

Further, the tempering time of the lower layer tempering device is 90-360 seconds.

The fresh meat processing device comprises a fresh meat supply device and a dry material supply device, wherein the fresh meat supply device is used for preprocessing fresh meat and conveying the fresh meat to the conditioner; the dry material supply device is used for preprocessing the dry materials and conveying the dry materials to the conditioner.

And the post-processing device is used for cutting and drying the puffed discharged material output by the puffing machine to form the pet food.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention also adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for producing a high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets comprises the following steps: pretreating fresh meat; tempering the pretreated fresh meat and dry materials to form mixed feeding materials; puffing the mixed feed material to form a pet food; the method for conditioning the pretreated fresh meat and the dried materials comprises the following steps: the mixed feed is heated by physically isolating the heating.

Further, the method for mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dry materials comprises the following steps: heating the mixed feed to 70-100 ℃, wherein the tempering time is more than 120 seconds.

Further, the method for mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dry materials comprises the following steps: tempering at the first stage, preheating the mixed feeding material, fully stirring and mixing, wherein the temperature of the preheated mixed feeding material is less than or equal to 56 ℃; and in the second stage, tempering, namely heating the mixed feed to 90-100 ℃, wherein the debugging time is 90-360 seconds.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention also adopts the following technical scheme:

a pet food containing a high proportion of fresh meat is prepared by the device for producing the puffed food for the pet with the high proportion of fresh meat or the method for producing the puffed food for the pet with the high proportion of fresh meat, wherein the proportion of the fresh meat in the pet food is more than or equal to 50 percent.

The invention relates to a device and a method for producing high-proportion fresh meat pet puffed food and pet food, wherein a conditioner in the device heats and modulates mixed feeding materials in a physical isolation heating mode, a heating device or an energy-carrying fluid is not mixed with the mixed feeding materials, but heat is conducted to the mixed feeding materials to be heated in a heat conduction mode, the problems that more water is introduced into the mixed feeding materials, the heating efficiency is low by adopting air and the like in the prior art are solved, and the device and the method have the advantages of uniform heating of the mixed feeding materials, accurate temperature control, high heat transfer efficiency and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall construction of an apparatus for producing a puffed food for a high-proportion fresh-meat pet in example 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the entire structure of the fresh meat supplying apparatus of fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a vacuum evaporation apparatus in embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the whole structure of a vacuum evaporation apparatus in embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the entire structure of the vacuum evaporation apparatus in example 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at A;

FIG. 7 is a schematic overall flow chart of a method for producing a high-proportion expanded fresh-meat pet food product as disclosed in example 2 and example 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the overall construction of another apparatus for producing a puffed food for a high-proportion fresh-meat pet disclosed in example 4;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a conditioner for producing a high-proportion fresh-meat pet puffed food disclosed in example 7;

fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the overall structure of the conditioner of fig. 9.

Detailed Description

The following will further describe the device and method for producing puffed food for fresh meat pet with high ratio and the specific embodiment of pet food according to the present invention with reference to the attached drawings 1 to 10. The apparatus, method and pet food for producing a high-proportion fresh meat pet puffed food according to the present invention are not limited to the description of the following examples.

The ratios, and the like described herein are all referred to as "weight ratios" unless otherwise specified. For example, the "high ratio fresh meat puffed food" refers to the ratio of the original weight of fresh meat to the total weight of all raw materials in all raw materials for making the puffed food for pets; typically, the "proportion" of fresh meat in the puffed pet food product exceeds 50%, i.e. a "high proportion of fresh meat" is considered.

Example 1:

this example provides an apparatus for producing a high percentage of fresh meat puffed food for pets.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes: a fresh meat supply device 101, a dry material supply device 102, a conditioner 103, a bulking machine 104 and a post-processing device 105; wherein, the fresh meat supply device 101 is used for pretreating fresh meat and conveying the pretreated fresh meat to the conditioner 103; the dry material supply device 102 is used for preprocessing dry materials and conveying the dry materials to the conditioner 103; the conditioner 103 is used for conditioning the fresh meat and the dry materials to form a mixed feed and conveying the mixed feed to the bulking machine 104; the bulking machine 104 is used to bulk the mixed feed; the post-processing device 105 is used for cutting and drying the discharged material puffed by the puffing machine 104 to form pet food; wherein the fresh meat supply device 101 comprises a vacuum evaporation device 106, the working pressure of the vacuum evaporation device 106 is less than or equal to 16.5kpa, and the working temperature is less than or equal to 56 ℃; under the working pressure and the working temperature, the vacuum evaporation equipment carries out boiling evaporation on the water in the fresh meat.

In the prior art, because the bulking machine can not bulk the mixed feed with too high water content, and the water content in the fresh meat far exceeds the limit value which can be processed by the bulking machine, the prior equipment and process can not be used for producing the high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets. The inventive concept of this embodiment is to reduce the water content of the fresh meat during the fresh meat pretreatment stage and then mix it with the dry ingredients to make a mixed feed to be expanded, thereby increasing the proportion of fresh meat added. If the methods of freeze-drying dehydration, baking dehydration at high temperature (more than 56 ℃) and the like in the prior art are adopted, protein in fresh meat is denatured, and the produced pet food has poor mouthfeel and reduced nutrient components. In the embodiment, a technical scheme of low-temperature boiling evaporation is adopted, and the environment pressure is reduced, so that the water in the fresh meat reaches the boiling condition under the conditions of low temperature (lower than 56 ℃) and low pressure (lower than the boiling point pressure of water at the low temperature), the low-temperature boiling effect is achieved, the water in the fresh meat is quickly evaporated and lost, and the nutritional ingredients and the quality of the fresh meat cannot be adversely affected in the whole process. Specifically, the fresh meat supply device 101, the dry material supply device 102, the conditioner 103, the bulking machine 104 and the post-processing device 105 in the present embodiment may all adopt the prior art, and the main difference is that in the prior fresh meat supply device 101, a vacuum evaporation device 106 is added to evaporate and dehydrate the fresh meat in the pretreatment process of the fresh meat. As shown in table 1, is the boiling temperature of water at different operating pressures. Referring to table 1, 2 exemplary embodiment parameters are given as follows: (1) The fresh meat is placed at a working temperature of 50 ℃, and the working pressure is set to be 12.33kpa, such as 8-10kpa, lower than the boiling point pressure of water at the temperature, so that the rapid boiling evaporation of water in the fresh meat can be realized; (2) The rapid boiling evaporation of water from the fresh meat is achieved by subjecting the fresh meat to an operating pressure of 10kpa and setting the operating temperature to be 46 c and below 56 c, e.g. 50-53 c, above the boiling temperature of water under that pressure.

Table 1: boiling point temperature of water under different working pressures

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the fresh meat supplying apparatus further includes: a dicer 107 for dicing fresh meat; a meat grinder 108 for grinding the fresh meat after the cutting; an emulsifying machine 109 for emulsifying the minced fresh meat. Specifically, the fresh meat supply device mainly achieves the functions of crushing, emulsifying and the like of fresh meat. The fresh meat is cut into meat blocks with the size of 5-10 cm by the dicing machine 107 and sent into the meat grinder 108; the meat grinder 108 grinds the fresh meat into meat particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm, and the meat particles are sent into the emulsifying machine 109; the emulsifying machine 109 further chops, mixes and emulsifies the meat particles, breaks the cell walls of the fresh meat, releases the water in the cells, mixes and emulsifies fat, protein, water and the like to form emulsified meat paste with the particle size of 0.5-1 mm, and then sends the meat paste into the conditioner 103.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the vacuum evaporation apparatus 106 indicated by the dotted line may be disposed at one or more of the following positions: the first position is between the dicer 107 and the meat grinder 108 and is used for dehydrating the diced fresh meat; a second position, between the meat grinder 108 and the emulsifying machine 109, for dehydrating the minced fresh meat; and a third position, after the emulsifying machine 109, for dehydrating the emulsified fresh meat.

Specifically, the "arrangement at the following position" in the present embodiment should be understood as an arrangement manner in a logical order based on the link of the fresh meat processing, not an actual position in a physical space. Meanwhile, different setting modes have different technical effects. Aiming at the situation that the fresh meat is independently arranged at the first position or the second position, the boiling evaporation effect of the fresh meat is inferior to that of the third position under the same temperature and pressure conditions due to the fact that the fresh meat particles are large, and in the process, the temperature of the fresh meat needs to be raised (from the temperature of cold fresh meat slightly lower than 0 ℃ to the working temperature, such as 50-53 ℃), so that the bacteriostasis and the fresh keeping of the fresh meat are not facilitated. Aiming at the independent arrangement at the third position, the advantages are that the working temperatures of the dicer 107 and the meat grinder 108 can be set to be lower, such as slightly lower than 0 ℃, which is beneficial to bacteriostasis and fresh keeping of fresh meat; secondly, the emulsified fresh meat paste has smaller particle size and good fluidity, so the boiling evaporation effect is better; but the muddy flesh has good fluidity and small particle size, and is easy to enter the vacuum-pumping equipment along with the boiling steam. As a preferred technical solution, the vacuum evaporation apparatus 106 may be disposed at a plurality of positions, such as the first position and the third position, the second position and the third position, and the first position, the second position and the third position, simultaneously.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the vacuum evaporation apparatus 106 comprises a closed evaporation chamber 201 for containing fresh meat, which evaporation chamber is in communication with the vacuum-pumping apparatus via an exhaust channel 202. Specifically, the evaporation bin 201 is used for placing fresh meat to be processed, and is capable of forming a processing environment with the working pressure and the working temperature as described above, so that the fresh meat realizes boiling evaporation of water inside the environment. When the vacuum evaporation apparatus 106 is used, the fresh meat is first placed in the evaporation bin 201, then the vacuum-pumping apparatus is turned on, air is pumped through the exhaust passage 202, so that the pressure in the evaporation bin 201 is reduced, and steam discharged when the moisture in the fresh meat is boiled is pumped out. The pressure in the evaporation chamber 201 can be measured and controlled by a barometer to reach and maintain the set working pressure.

In this embodiment, the vacuum evaporation apparatus 106 includes a body 203 and a cover 204, and the evaporation chamber 201 is enclosed by the body 203 and the cover 204. As an alternative embodiment, the main body 203 has a cylindrical structure with an open top and a closed bottom, the top of the main body is provided with a cover 204 used in cooperation, and the cover 204 has two states of opening and closing for placing or taking out fresh meat.

In this embodiment, the main body 203 and the cover 204 are separable, and the evaporation chamber is sealed by a sealing device. In particular, the sealing means comprise means for coupling the body 203 and the cover 204, such as locks; and a sealing means for preventing gas leakage, such as a rubber packing, provided between the body 203 and the cover 204.

In this embodiment, a temperature control device 205 is disposed in the evaporation chamber 201. The temperature control device 205 is mainly used for controlling the working temperature of the working environment to reach and maintain the set working temperature. Specifically, if the temperature of the fresh meat in the previous processing step is too low, the fresh meat needs to be heated in the evaporation bin 201 to reach the working temperature; secondly, the fresh meat can be taken away heat by the vapor in the boiling evaporation process to be cooled, so that the fresh meat also needs to be continuously heated.

In this embodiment, the temperature control device is an electric heating device or an energy-carrying fluid heating device disposed around the wall of the evaporation chamber 201; the output temperature of the electric heating device or the energy-carrying fluid heating device is less than or equal to 56 ℃. Specifically, the electric heating device can be an electric heating rod, an electric heating ceramic plate and the like; the energy-carrying fluid can be hot air, hot water vapor, water, ethanol/glycol, heat-conducting oil and other fluids, and the energy-carrying fluid realizes heat exchange through a pipeline arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the evaporation bin 201 and/or directly arranges a fluid channel in the side wall of the evaporation bin 201 to improve the heat exchange and heating effects. Preferably, the output temperature of the electric heating device or the energy-carrying fluid heating device is less than or equal to 56 ℃, so that the protein denaturation of fresh meat caused by contacting a high-temperature heating component is avoided.

In this embodiment, a stirring device 206 is disposed in the evaporation bin 201. For avoiding in the evaporation storehouse 201 the bright meat is heated and evaporates inhomogeneously, through setting up agitating unit 206, realize the even heating and the even evaporation dehydration of bright meat.

In this embodiment, the stirring device 206 includes a stirring rotating shaft 207 and a plurality of stirring rods 208 uniformly distributed on the stirring rotating shaft 207, and the stirring rods are disposed perpendicular to the outer surface of the stirring rotating shaft. Specifically, the stirring rotating shaft 207 is arranged inside the evaporation bin 201 along the axis direction of the body 203, and is driven to rotate by a motor arranged at the bottom and drive the stirring rod 208 to do circular motion, so that the fresh meat is stirred and turned. The stirring rod 208 can be a cylindrical structure or a fan-blade-shaped structure, so that the fresh meat can be turned over in the circumferential direction and up and down more conveniently.

Preferably, stirring rotation axis 207 includes rotatory axle center 209 and rotatory sleeve 210, the separable suit of rotatory sleeve 210 is in on the rotatory axle center 209, the two realizes circumferencial direction's location and synchronous motion through draw-in groove or the polygon structure that sets up in laminating department, promptly through the motor drive rotatory axle center 209 rotates, and rotatory axle center 209 drives rotatory sleeve 210 synchronous revolution. Advantageously, the rotatable sleeve 210 and the stir bar 208 are removable to facilitate cleaning after removal. The rotating sleeve 210 is axially connected and fixed with the rotating shaft 209 through a fastening device 211, and the fastening device 211 may be a screw thread and a nut arranged at the top end of the rotating shaft 209.

The device of production bright meat pet puffed food of high proportion that this embodiment provided through setting up vacuum evaporation equipment at bright meat feeding device, can be under the condition of maintaining the invariance of bright meat protein, realizes the dehydration of bright meat through the mode of low temperature boiling evaporation, reduces the water content in the bright meat to improve the bright meat proportion in the bulking machine mixed feed, and then improve the bright meat proportion in the pet puffed food.

The fresh meat content in the pet puffed food produced by the device can reach a higher proportional value, and is explained by the following specific calculation:

(1) Assuming that the fresh meat has a water content of 75% and the dry material has a water content of 0%, the upper limit of the water content of the mixed feed processed by the bulking machine is 25%. If the fresh meat and the dry materials are directly mixed to prepare the puffed feed, 1 part of fresh meat contains 0.75 part of water, 2 parts of dry materials are required to be mixed, the total weight is 3 parts, the water content of the mixed feed is 0.75/3=25%, and the ratio of the fresh meat to the puffed food for the pet produced at this time is only 1/3=33%.

(2) Assuming that the situation is not changed, before the fresh meat and the dry materials are mixed, the fresh meat is dehydrated to the water content of 50%, at the moment, 0.25 part of water, 0.25 part of fat, protein fiber and the like are mixed with 0.5 part of the dry materials by 1 part by weight (before dehydration), the total weight (after dehydration) is 1 part, the water content of the mixed feed is 0.25/1=25%, and at the moment, the ratio of the fresh meat (calculated by the weight of the fresh meat before dehydration) of the puffed food for the pet is produced is 1/1.5=66.7%.

(3) According to the calculation method of the above (2), the fresh meat is dehydrated to the water content of 40%, then 1 part by weight (before dehydration) of the fresh meat contains 0.1667 parts of water, 0.25 parts of fat, protein fiber and the like, and is mixed with 0.25 part of dry materials, the total weight (after dehydration) is 0.6667 parts, the water content of the mixed feed is 0.1667/0.6667=25%, and then the fresh meat proportion (calculated by the weight of the fresh meat before dehydration) of the produced puffed pet food is 1/1.25=80%.

Example 2:

this example shows a method for producing a puffed food with a high percentage of fresh meat for pets, using or applied to the apparatus for producing puffed food with a high percentage of fresh meat for pets described in example 1.

As shown in fig. 7, the method comprises the steps of:

s701: pretreating fresh meat; specifically, the step s701 is completed by the fresh meat supply device 101, so as to cut, mince and emulsify the fresh meat.

s702: mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and dry materials to form mixed feed; specifically, the dry materials refer to raw materials with low water content other than the fresh meat supplied by the dry material supply device 102, such as starch raw materials such as wheat, corn, rice, soybean or wheat flour, rice flour and bean flour, fruit and vegetable or dried fruit and vegetable, fruit and vegetable powder with low water content, meat meal, additives for other vitamins, amino acids, trace elements such as calcium and iron, preservatives, and the like. The mixing and tempering are completed by the conditioner 103, and the full mixing and curing of the mixed feeding are realized.

s703: puffing the mixed feed material to form a pet food; specifically, the mixed feed material generated after the processing in step s702 is expanded by the expander 104; and the post-processing device 105 cuts and dries the puffed mixed feed material to form the high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets.

Wherein, the step s701 of pretreating fresh meat comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the fresh meat in an environment with working pressure less than or equal to 16.5kpa and working temperature less than or equal to 56 ℃ to boil and evaporate water in the fresh meat. In particular, this step is carried out by means of the vacuum evaporation device 106.

In this embodiment, after the step of pretreating the fresh meat is finished, the water content in the fresh meat is 30-60%.

The technical solutions and technical effects that are not specifically described in this embodiment are described in example 1.

Example 3:

this example shows a pet food containing a high proportion of fresh meat.

The pet food is prepared by the device for producing the puffed food of the high-proportion fresh meat pet in the embodiment 1 and/or the method for producing the puffed food of the high-proportion fresh meat pet in the embodiment 2, and the fresh meat proportion in the pet food is more than or equal to 50 percent.

Example 4:

this example shows an alternative apparatus for producing a high proportion of a puffed fresh meat pet food. The technical solution disclosed in this embodiment may be implemented independently, or may be regarded as further optimization of embodiment 1, and implemented on the basis of embodiment 1.

The conditioner adopted on the food puffing production line has the main functions of mixing, preheating, pre-curing and the like on feeding materials, so that the mixed feeding materials meet the feeding parameter requirements of a puffing machine, and effective puffing is realized. In the prior art, high-temperature water vapor is generally used for heating mixed feed in a conditioner. After being cooled to liquid water by the mixed feed, the water vapor is integrated with the mixed feed, so that the water content of the mixed feed is increased. For processes that use dry materials as the primary raw material, one can actively adjust (increase) the water content of the mixed feed by taking advantage of this additional characteristic of steam heating. However, in view of the application scenarios and technical problems described in the background of the present invention, the technical solution of using steam heating would not be acceptable under the demand of expecting to reduce the water content of the mixed feed. Particularly, according to the technical schemes described in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the adding proportion of the fresh meat in the puffed pet food can be effectively improved by reducing the water content in the fresh meat. The conditioner heated by high-temperature steam adopted in the prior art cannot meet the requirement.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present embodiment provides a device for producing a puffed food with a high ratio of fresh meat for pets. As shown in fig. 8, the apparatus comprises a conditioner 803 and a bulking machine 804, wherein the conditioner 803 is used for conditioning the pretreated fresh meat and dry meat to form a mixed feed and conveying the mixed feed to the bulking machine 804; the bulking machine 804 is used for bulking the mixed feed material to form a pet food; the shell of the conditioner 803 is provided with a first heating device physically isolated from the mixed feeding in the conditioner 803, and the first heating device is used for heating the mixed feeding.

In the prior art, the mixed feed is heated by high-heat steam, the steam condenses into water to be mixed in the mixed feed, so that the water content of the mixed feed is increased, the water content of the mixed feed, particularly the water content of fresh meat in the mixed feed, is required to be reduced to a lower level in advance, and the difficulty in practical application is high, and the quality of the fresh meat is also reduced. In this embodiment, the mixed feed material is heated by physical isolation heating, and the heating device or the energy-carrying fluid is not mixed with the mixed feed material, but conducts heat to the mixed feed material to be heated by means of heat conduction (and no mixing), so as to achieve the effect of rapidly heating the mixed feed material to the target working temperature.

Specifically, in this embodiment, a first heating device is disposed on the housing of the conditioner 803, and the first heating device is physically isolated from the mixed feeding material inside the conditioner 803, so as to prevent the heating medium or energy carrying medium (e.g., water vapor) of the first heating device from directly contacting the mixed feeding material, and avoid affecting the composition and properties of the mixed feeding material. In this embodiment, the apparatus for producing a puffed food for a high proportion of fresh meat pet further comprises a feeding device and a post-processing device 805. The feeding device comprises a fresh meat supply device 801 and a dry material supply device 802, and is used for supplying fresh meat and dry materials for the conditioner 803; the post-processing device 805 is used for cutting and drying the discharged material after being puffed by the puffing machine 804 to form pet food.

In this embodiment, the first heating device includes at least one of the following structures: the outer part of the shell is wrapped with an electric heating device; the shell is of a sandwich structure, and an electric heating device is arranged in the sandwich; the shell is of a sandwich structure, and a first energy carrying channel for carrying energy fluid to circulate is arranged in the sandwich. The first heating device heats the mixed feed in the conditioner through the shell, and the specific structure and the working principle of the first heating device are described in example 7.

In this embodiment, a second heating device physically isolated from the mixed feeding inside the conditioner is arranged inside the screw of the conditioner, and is used for heating the mixed feeding.

In this embodiment, the second heating device includes at least one of the following structures: the interior of a screw of the conditioner is of an axial hollow structure, and an electric heating device is arranged in the axial hollow structure. A second energy carrying channel for energy carrying fluid to flow through is arranged in the screw rod of the conditioner 803 along the axial direction. The second heating device heats the mixed feeding material in the conditioner through a screw, and the specific structure and the working principle of the second heating device are described in example 7.

Preferably, the first heating device and the second heating device can be used in combination, so that the mixed feeding material is heated more uniformly, the heat transfer efficiency is higher, and the like, thereby not only overcoming the technical problem of introducing more moisture into the mixed feeding material in the prior art, but also avoiding the disadvantages brought by the background art and the heating by hot air mentioned above.

In this example, the output temperature of the first and second heating devices is > 100 ℃ for heating the mixed feed inside the conditioner 803 to 70-100 ℃. Specifically, under the condition of adopting a single conditioner, the conditioner with a double-screw structure is adopted to heat the mixed feeding material to 70-100 ℃, so that the mixed feeding material is cured, and the mixed feeding material for the bulking machine 804 to perform bulking is formed.

In this example, the conditioning time of the mixed feed was greater than 120 seconds. Specifically, under the condition that a single twin-screw structure conditioner is adopted, the conditioning time of the mixed feeding is more than 120 seconds, so that the curing of the mixed feeding is completed, and the mixed feeding capable of being expanded by the expander 804 is formed.

In this embodiment, the conditioner 803 includes an upper conditioner and a lower conditioner, wherein the output temperature of the first heating device and the second heating device of the upper conditioner is not more than 56 ℃, and is used for preheating, fully stirring and mixing the mixed feed; the output temperature of the first heating device and the second heating device of the lower-layer conditioner is more than 100 ℃, and the first heating device and the second heating device are used for heating the mixed feed in the conditioner to 70-100 ℃. As a more preferable technical scheme, the conditioner 803 adopts a double conditioner structure, that is, both the upper conditioner and the lower conditioner adopt a double-screw structure. The upper-layer conditioner is mainly used for preheating mixed feeding at low temperature and mixing and stirring, and the lower-layer conditioner is mainly used for conditioning and curing at high temperature. Compared with the scheme of adopting a single conditioner, the double conditioner structure can divide the conditioning process into two independent stages, and has the advantages of more uniform mixing and stirring, more accurate staged heating and temperature control, higher heating efficiency and the like. Specifically, the upper-layer conditioner is used for carrying out first-stage conditioning, the mixed feeding materials are preheated and fully stirred and mixed, and the temperature of the preheated mixed feeding materials is less than or equal to 56 ℃; and (3) carrying out second-stage tempering through an upper-layer tempering device, and heating the mixed feed to 90-100 ℃.

In this example, the conditioning time of the lower layer conditioner was 90 to 360 seconds. Specifically, under the condition of adopting a double conditioner structure, the curing preparation work of the mixed feeding can be finished when the conditioning time of the second stage of the mixed feeding is more than 90 seconds, and the mixed feeding for the bulking machine 804 to perform bulking and curing is formed.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the meat mixer further comprises a feeding device, the feeding device comprises a fresh meat supply device 801 and a dry material supply device 802, wherein the fresh meat supply device 801 is used for pre-treating fresh meat and conveying the pre-treated fresh meat to the conditioner 803; the dry material supply device 802 is used for preprocessing dry materials and conveying the dry materials to the conditioner 803.

In this embodiment, a post-processing device 805 is further included for cutting and drying the puffed output from the puffing machine 804 to form pet food. Specifically, the specific structure and operation principle of the fresh meat supply device 801, the dry material supply device 802 and the post-processing device 805 are described in embodiment 1.

The device of the fresh meat pet puffed food of production high proportion that this embodiment is disclosed, its quenching and tempering ware adopt the mode of physical isolation heating, have overcome among the prior art to mixing the feeding introduce more moisture, adopt the air heating inefficiency scheduling problem, have that the mixed feeding is heated evenly, the accuse temperature is accurate, advantage such as heat transfer efficiency height.

Example 5:

this example shows another method for producing a puffed food with a high ratio of fresh meat for pets, which is applied to the apparatus for producing a puffed food with a high ratio of fresh meat for pets described in example 4.

As shown in fig. 7, the method includes the steps of:

s701: pretreating fresh meat;

s702: mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and dry materials to form mixed feed;

s703: puffing the mixed feed material to form a pet food;

the specific implementation of the steps s701 to s703 refers to the related description in example 2.

Wherein the step s702 of tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dried material comprises the following steps: heating the mixed feed by means of physically isolated heating.

The technical solution disclosed in this embodiment may be implemented independently, or may be regarded as further optimization of embodiment 2, and implemented on the basis of embodiment 2. According to the technical scheme disclosed by the embodiment 2, in the step of pretreating the fresh meat in the step s701, the fresh meat is dehydrated, and in the step of mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dry materials in the step s702 to form the mixed feeding material, the mixed feeding material is heated in a physical isolation heating mode, so that more water is prevented from being introduced into the mixed feeding material, and the produced puffed pet food contains fresh meat with a higher proportion.

In this embodiment, the method for mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dry materials comprises the following steps: heating the mixed feed to 70-100 ℃, wherein the tempering time is more than 120 seconds.

In this embodiment, the method for mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dry materials comprises the following steps: tempering at the first stage, preheating the mixed feeding material, fully stirring and mixing, wherein the temperature of the preheated mixed feeding material is less than or equal to 56 ℃; and in the second stage, tempering, namely heating the mixed feed to 90-100 ℃, wherein the debugging time is 90-360 seconds.

The technical solutions and technical effects that are not specifically described in this embodiment are described in example 5.

Example 6:

this example shows another pet food containing a high proportion of fresh meat.

The pet food is prepared by the device for producing the puffed food of the high-proportion fresh meat pet in the embodiment 4 and/or the method for producing the puffed food of the high-proportion fresh meat pet in the embodiment 5, and the fresh meat proportion in the pet food is more than or equal to 50 percent.

Example 7:

the embodiment discloses a conditioner for producing puffed food with high-proportion fresh meat for pets, and the conditioner can be applied to the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment 4.

In the prior art, the conditioner used in the food puffing system generally uses high-temperature steam to heat the mixed feed inside the conditioner. The water vapor is cooled by the mixed feed to liquid water and then is integrated with the mixed feed to increase the water content of the mixed feed. For processes that use dry materials as the primary raw material, one can use this additional feature of steam heating to adjust (increase) the water content of the mixed feed. However, the technical problems described in the background of the invention and in the above examples, the technical solution of using steam for heating is not acceptable under the requirement of reducing the water content of the mixed feed. Particularly, according to the technical schemes of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the adding proportion of the fresh meat in the puffed pet food can be effectively improved by reducing the water content in the fresh meat. The conditioner heated by high-temperature steam adopted in the prior art cannot meet the requirement.

As shown in fig. 9 and fig. 10, the conditioner for producing puffed food of fresh meat pet with high ratio in this embodiment includes a casing 901 and a screw 902, the casing 901 encloses a working cavity 903 for accommodating mixed materials, the screw 902 is disposed in the working cavity 903, and the casing 901 is further provided with a feeding hole 913 and a discharging hole 914; the shell 901 is provided with a first heating device physically isolated from the mixed feeding inside the conditioner, and is used for heating the mixed feeding. Specifically, the casing 901 is integrally in a two-section closed cylindrical structure, and is laid on the base 905, and two screws 902 used in cooperation are arranged inside the casing. The specific arrangement of the structures such as the housing 901 and the screw 902 can adopt the prior art, and is not limited in this embodiment. The casing 901 is provided with a first heating device physically isolated from the mixed feed in the conditioner, and the heat is transferred to the mixed feed in a heat conduction manner, so that the mixed feed is heated to reach or maintain a set temperature.

In this embodiment, the first heating device has a structure that: and an electric heating device disposed outside the casing 901. Specifically, an additional heating device such as a heating wire or a heating plate may be disposed outside the existing casing 901 to heat the casing 901. Since the casing 901 is usually made of metal, it has high thermal conductivity, and can better transfer heat to the internal mixed feed. Preferably, the outer side of the electric heating device is covered with a heat insulation material for improving the heat insulation performance of the equipment and reducing the loss and waste of heat.

In this embodiment, the first heating device has a structure that: the casing 901 is of a sandwich structure, and an electric heating device is arranged in the sandwich 911. Specifically, the electric heating device is directly disposed in the interlayer of the casing 901, so that the integration degree of the device is higher, and the integration process can reduce the failure rate and the maintenance man-hour of the device, so that the volume of the device is smaller.

In this embodiment, the first heating device has a structure that: the casing 901 is a sandwich structure, and a first energy carrying channel for carrying energy fluid to flow through is arranged in the sandwich 911. Specifically, the energy carrying fluid may be steam, water, ethanol/glycol, oil, or the like, and heat is released by the higher temperature energy carrying fluid as it flows through the first energy carrying channel and transfers heat to the mixed feed through housing 901. Preferably, the first energy carrying channel is formed in the housing 901, and the first energy carrying channel enables the inflow and outflow of energy carrying fluid through a first energy carrying fluid inlet 909 and a first energy carrying fluid outlet 910.

In this embodiment, the number of the first heating means is 1 or more. The first heating means may be of unitary construction. Preferably, in order to reduce the complexity of the manufacturing process of the first energy carrying channel in the housing 901, the first energy carrying channel may be provided as a plurality of independent structures respectively arranged in the plurality of independent components according to the shapes of the components constituting the housing 901. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, an embodiment comprising two first energy carrying channels, two sets of first energy carrying fluid inlets 909 and first energy carrying fluid outlets 910 is illustrated.

In this embodiment, a second heating device physically isolated from the mixed feeding inside the conditioner is disposed inside the screw 902 of the conditioner, and is used for heating the mixed feeding. Specifically, in the case of only relying on the first heating device, there may be a case where the heating capacity is insufficient, for example, in the case of using the conditioner of the present embodiment as an upper conditioner in a production line of a double conditioner bulking apparatus, since the upper limit of the heating temperature of the heating device is limited to only 56 ℃, the temperature difference between the heating device and the mixed feed is small, and thus the heat exchange capacity is inevitably poor. One well-established solution is to increase the conditioner length or extend the conditioning time, which obviously results in a bulky conditioner profile or a reduced production efficiency. As a preferable technical solution, a second heating device may be further disposed inside the screw 902 of the conditioner to ensure that the conditioner has sufficient heat exchange capacity.

In this embodiment, the second heating device has the following structure: an axial hollow structure 912 is arranged inside the screw 902 of the conditioner, and an electric heating device is arranged in the axial hollow structure. Specifically, the electric heating device may be an electric heating wire or an electric heating ceramic tube, and the screw 902 is heated by the electric heating device, and the screw 902 transfers heat to the mixed material through the screw body and the screw thread thereof. The advantage of this scheme lies in, all mixed feeding in the quenching and tempering ware is all moved forward by the promotion of screw 902, also be that only mixed feeding moves forward, must receive the heating of screw 902 to make mixed feeding be heated more evenly, heat conduction effect is better.

In this embodiment, the second heating device has the following structure: and a second energy carrying channel 912 for the circulation of energy carrying fluid is arranged in the screw 902 of the conditioner along the axial direction. As a preferred technical solution, similar to the heating manner of the energy-carrying fluid adopted by the first heating device, the hollow structure of the screw 902 is used as a second energy-carrying channel 912, and heat is provided by flowing the energy-carrying fluid.

In this embodiment, both ends of the screw 902 are communicated with a second energy-carrying fluid inlet 907 and a second energy-carrying fluid outlet 908 through a rotatable joint 906, so as to realize the introduction of the energy-carrying fluid into the second energy-carrying channel 912. Specifically, since the screw 902 needs to rotate during the operation process, the rotatable joint 906 is needed in order to realize the flow of the energy-carrying fluid in the screw 902 and the sealing and leakage-free performance of the energy-carrying fluid during the flow process. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the rotatable joint 906 is fixed on the rack 905, one end of the rotatable joint is fixedly connected with the second energy-carrying fluid inlet 907 or the second energy-carrying fluid outlet 908, and the other end of the rotatable joint is rotatably connected with one end of the second energy-carrying channel 912. Meanwhile, the connection rotating part of the rotatable joint 906 and the second energy carrying channel 912 is sealed by a sealing ring or other devices.

In this embodiment, the number of the second heating means is 1 or more. Specifically, the number of the second energy carrying channels 912 can be set according to the number of the screws 902. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, an embodiment is illustrated in which the conditioner includes two screws 902, and a second energy carrying channel 912 is provided in each screw 902.

The utility model discloses a quenching and tempering ware for producing fresh meat pet puffed food of high proportion adopts the mode of physics isolation heating, heats the mixed feeding with heat-conducting mode through quenching and tempering ware shell and screw rod, has overcome among the prior art to mixed feeding introduce more moisture, adopt the air heating inefficiency scheduling problem, has mixed feeding and is heated evenly, accuse temperature accuracy, advantage such as heat transfer efficiency height. The technical solutions and technical effects that are not specifically described in this embodiment are described in example 4.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. A device for producing puffed food with high-proportion fresh meat for pets comprises a conditioner and a puffing machine, wherein,

the conditioner is used for conditioning the pretreated fresh meat and dry materials to form mixed feed and conveying the mixed feed to the bulking machine;

the bulking machine is used for bulking the mixed feed material to form pet food;

the method is characterized in that: the shell of the conditioner is provided with a first heating device which is physically isolated from the mixed feeding in the conditioner and is used for heating the mixed feeding.

2. The apparatus for producing puffed food of high proportion fresh meat pet of claim 1 wherein: the first heating device comprises at least one of the following structures:

the outer part of the shell is wrapped with an electric heating device;

the shell is of a sandwich structure, and an electric heating device is arranged in the sandwich;

the shell is of a sandwich structure, and a first energy carrying channel for carrying energy fluid to circulate is arranged in the sandwich.

3. The apparatus for producing puffed food of high proportion fresh meat pet of claim 1 wherein: and a second heating device which is physically isolated from the mixed feeding in the conditioner is arranged in the screw of the conditioner and is used for heating the mixed feeding.

4. The apparatus for producing puffed food of high proportion fresh meat pet of claim 3 wherein: the second heating device comprises at least one of the following structures:

the interior of a screw rod of the conditioner is of an axial hollow structure, and an electric heating device is arranged in the axial hollow structure;

and a second energy carrying channel for the circulation of energy carrying fluid is arranged in the screw rod of the conditioner along the axial direction.

5. The apparatus for producing a puffed food product for a high proportion of fresh meat pet of claim 4, wherein: the output temperature of the first heating device and the second heating device is more than 100 ℃, and the first heating device and the second heating device are used for heating the mixed feed in the conditioner to 70-100 ℃.

6. The apparatus for producing a puffed food product for a high proportion of fresh meat pet of claim 5, wherein: the conditioning time of the mixed feed is greater than 120 seconds.

7. The apparatus for producing a puffed food product for a high proportion of fresh meat pet of claim 4, wherein: the conditioner comprises an upper layer conditioner and a lower layer conditioner, wherein,

the output temperature of the first heating device and the second heating device of the upper-layer conditioner is less than or equal to 56 ℃, and the first heating device and the second heating device are used for realizing the preheating and the sufficient stirring and mixing of the mixed feed;

the output temperature of the first heating device and the second heating device of the lower-layer conditioner is more than 100 ℃, and the first heating device and the second heating device are used for heating the mixed feed in the conditioner to 70-100 ℃.

8. The apparatus for producing a puffed food product for a high proportion of fresh meat pet of claim 5, wherein: the tempering time of the lower layer tempering device is 90-360 seconds.

9. The apparatus for producing a high proportion of fresh meat pet puffed food product according to any of claims 1 to 8 wherein: also comprises a feeding device, the feeding device comprises a fresh meat supply device and a dry material supply device, wherein,

the fresh meat supply device is used for pretreating fresh meat and conveying the pretreated fresh meat to the conditioner;

the dry material supply device is used for pretreating dry materials and conveying the dry materials to the conditioner.

10. The apparatus for producing a high proportion of fresh meat pet puffed food product according to any of claims 1 to 8 wherein: the pet food puffing machine further comprises a post-processing device, and the post-processing device is used for cutting and drying the puffed discharged material output by the puffing machine to form pet food.

11. A method for producing a high-proportion fresh meat puffed food for pets comprises the following steps:

pretreating fresh meat;

tempering the pretreated fresh meat and dry materials to form mixed feeding materials;

puffing the mixed feed material to form a pet food;

the method is characterized in that: the method for conditioning the pretreated fresh meat and the dried materials comprises the following steps: the mixed feed is heated by physically isolating the heating.

12. The method for producing a high-proportion puffed fresh-meat pet food product of claim 11 wherein: the method for mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dry materials comprises the following steps:

heating the mixed feed to 70-100 ℃, wherein the tempering time is more than 120 seconds.

13. The method for producing a high-proportion puffed fresh-meat pet food product of claim 11 wherein: the method for mixing and tempering the pretreated fresh meat and the dry materials comprises the following steps:

tempering at the first stage, preheating the mixed feeding material, fully stirring and mixing, wherein the temperature of the preheated mixed feeding material is less than or equal to 56 ℃;

and in the second stage, tempering, namely heating the mixed feed to 90-100 ℃, wherein the debugging time is 90-360 seconds.

14. A pet food product containing a high proportion of fresh meat, characterised in that: the pet food is made by the device for producing the high-proportion fresh meat pet puffed food as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 or the method for producing the high-proportion fresh meat pet puffed food as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13, and the fresh meat proportion in the pet food is more than or equal to 50%.

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