CN115868552A - Brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content - Google Patents
Brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content Download PDFInfo
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- CN115868552A CN115868552A CN202211420050.6A CN202211420050A CN115868552A CN 115868552 A CN115868552 A CN 115868552A CN 202211420050 A CN202211420050 A CN 202211420050A CN 115868552 A CN115868552 A CN 115868552A
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- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 227
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 190
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 45
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001233242 Lontra Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019225 fermented tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content, which comprises the following steps: picking old leaves, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation; placing the withered tea leaves into a de-enzyming machine, adjusting the temperature of the de-enzyming machine to 380-400 ℃, and de-enzyming for 3-5min; rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 40-50min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min; performing pile fermentation operation on the rolled tea leaves for 24 hours, and turning the tea leaves once every 8 hours; drying the tea after pile fermentation by hot air at the temperature of 100-120 ℃; placing the dried tea leaves into a steam box with an opening at the upper part for steaming the tea leaves, introducing upward steam flow from the lower part of the steam box, and discharging the steam flow from the upper part of the steam box; the steamed soft tea leaves are put into a mould for compression molding to prepare the brick tea, thus not only ensuring the quality of the brick tea, but also reducing the fluorine content of the brick tea and leading the fluorine content in the brick tea to be lower than 300mg/kg.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tea leaf making processes, in particular to a brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content.
Background
Brick tea is also called autoclaved tea, as the name suggests, is tea with the shape like brick, is a representative compressed tea, and is block tea pressed by tea leaves, tea stems and sometimes tea dust. The brick tea processing technology generally comprises the steps of picking, withering, de-enzyming, rolling, piling, steaming tea, drying in the sun, steaming tea and pressing and forming.
Tea leaves picked from brick tea are generally old tea leaves and tea stalks, the fluorine content in the old tea leaves and the tea stalks generally exceeds 1000mg/kg, the content of different tea planting bases is different but exceeds 800mg/kg, the fluorine content of the brick tea specified by the state as a food safety standard is lower than 300mg/kg, and the detection method is GB19965-2005 brick tea fluorine content, so that the fluorine content in the tea leaves needs to be reduced in the tea making process, a part of fluorine is naturally volatilized in the withering, enzyme deactivation and rolling processes, and the fluorine content is still over 500 after the tea making process is finished and has no fluorine content standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content, which changes the drying step into hot air blow-drying, changes the steam tea steaming in the traditional sealed steam box into steam flow from bottom to top to steam tea, and discharges the steam from the steam box with an opening at the upper part, thereby not only ensuring the quality of the brick tea, but also reducing the fluorine content of the brick tea and ensuring the fluorine content in the brick tea to be lower than 300mg/kg.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content comprises the following steps:
picking old leaves, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation;
step two, placing the withered tea leaves into a de-enzyming machine, adjusting the temperature of the de-enzyming machine to be 380-400 ℃, and de-enzyming for 3-5min;
step three, rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 40-50min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min;
fourthly, performing pile fermentation operation on the rolled tea leaves for 24 hours, and turning over the tea leaves once every 8 hours;
fifthly, drying the tea after pile fermentation by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is 100-120 ℃;
sixthly, placing the dried tea leaves into a steam box with an opening at the upper part for steaming the tea leaves, introducing upward steam flow from the lower part of the steam box, and discharging the steam flow from the upper part of the steam box;
and step seven, putting the steamed soft tea leaves into a mould for compression molding to prepare the brick tea.
By adopting the manufacturing process, the green removing is carried out at 260-280 ℃ higher than that of the traditional old leaf green removing, and the old leaf green removing is adopted, so that the complete removing can be ensured, partial fluorine in the tea can be evaporated, the rolling is carried out for 40-50min higher than that of the traditional one-time rolling, the tea enzyme in the tea stem can be damaged, and partial fluorine can be volatilized again; during the pile fermentation process, the tea leaves are turned over, so that volatilized fluorine can be discharged, the fluorine content is reduced again, the hot air blow-drying is used for replacing the sun-drying, partial fluorine can be volatilized and blown away while the hot air blow-drying is carried out, upward steam flow is formed during the tea steaming process for steaming the tea leaves, and the volatilized fluorine can be carried and discharged from an opening at the upper part of a steaming box during the tea steaming process; through the synergistic effect of multiple steps, the fluorine content in the brick tea after being made and formed can be greatly reduced, so that the fluorine content of the made brick tea is lower than 300mg/kg.
Preferably, the withering device comprises a ventilation box, a top plate of the ventilation box is a withering screen plate, a withering trough plate is arranged on the side surface of the withering screen plate, a blower communicated with an inner cavity of the ventilation box is arranged at one end of the ventilation box, a heating structure is matched with an air outlet end of the blower, a withering opening and closing door is arranged on the side surface of the ventilation box through an opening and closing structure, and temperature measuring devices are arranged below the withering screen plate at intervals; the blower is an axial-flow type ventilator with the flow rate of 1100m 3 The power is 1.5Kw, and the rotating speed is 2900r/min.
The hot air blown out by the air blower is introduced into the ventilation box, so that the inner side of the ventilation box can be guided upwards to the hot air diffused by two parts, tea leaves on the withering screen plate can be completely withered, the openable withering opening and closing door is arranged in the ventilation box, the corresponding withering opening and closing door can be selectively opened according to the measuring results of the temperature measuring devices at different positions, the condition that the excessive upward diffusion of the hot air causes the overhigh withering temperature is avoided, the hot air is introduced into the ventilation box, and only the openable withering opening and closing door can be laterally diffused, so that the power of the air blower can be reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.
Preferably, the outside of ventilation case be provided with the control box of area demonstration function, the control box is used for controlling the work of air-blower and temperature measurement ware to real-time demonstration temperature measurement ware, the outside of ventilation case pass through the hinge installation door that opens and shuts that withers, and wither and open and shut and install the lock that opens and shuts that the rotation realizes the function of unblanking on the door that opens and shuts, the below of ventilation case is provided with the walking wheel that withers of taking self-locking function, the one side of withering frid keep away from the air-blower seted up the discharge gate, the discharge gate cooperation has conical ejection of compact chute.
Through the work of control box control air-blower and temperature measurement ware, be convenient for cooperate the technology of withering to carry out the warm wind of interval and wither, and can open the door that opens and shuts that withers that the position that the high temperature corresponds through the temperature that shows.
Preferably, in the withering step, the withering temperature is 30-35 ℃, the picked tea leaves are placed on a withering screen plate and are kept stand for 10-50min, then the tea leaves are blown by hot air for 30min, then the tea leaves are blown by the hot air for 30min again after 60min intervals, and the withering is completed after the three times of hot air blowing.
The withering mode of blowing hot wind for three times is adopted, so that the volatile fluorine in the tea leaves can be blown away in the withering process.
Preferably, the steam box comprises a box body, the box body is of a cover-free structure, a tea steaming screen plate is arranged at a position, which is 2-10cm different from the bottom surface, of the lower portion of the box body, circular hole-shaped meshes are uniformly formed in the tea steaming screen plate, the diameter of each mesh is 0.2-0.4mm, the center distance between every two adjacent meshes is twice the diameter of each mesh, steam transmission holes communicated with a cavity below the tea steaming screen plate are formed in the side surface of the box body, and the steam transmission holes are communicated with a steam generating device through pipelines.
Set up in the bottom of box and evaporate the tea otter board, steam lets in from the otter board lower part, so can follow the mesh of otter board and spout into the box, because the diameter of mesh is little, so can form the air current that makes progress that has certain pressure, and then can take away tealeaves from opening upper portion evaporating tea in-process exhaust fluorine, realize tealeaves and evaporated soft effect that has played the fluorine that falls.
Preferably, the bottom of the box body is provided with at least three steam pipes in parallel, the steam pipes are provided with steam holes, one ends of all the steam pipes close to the steam transmission holes are communicated with a steam transmission pipe arranged in the box body, and the steam transmission pipe is communicated with the steam transmission holes.
Set up the steam pipe of seting up the steam hole bottom the box, can be so with the steam that the transmission of steam transmission hole comes from the downthehole blowout of steam, so can make spun steam more dispersed, make the steam part of spouting into the box comparatively even.
Preferably, the outer end of the steam transmission hole is in threaded sleeve connection with a steam transmission joint, the other end of the steam transmission joint is connected with a joint sleeve of a steam hose, and the steam hose is communicated with a steam generating device.
The steam transmission hole is communicated with the steam generating device in a mode of adopting a steam transmission structure and a joint sleeve, so that the steam transmission hole can be conveniently detached from the steam generating device.
Preferably, steam holes are formed in the upper portion and the side portion of the steam pipe, the steam holes in the upper portion are vertically upward, and the steam holes in the side portion are obliquely upward.
The distribution of the steam holes can increase the steam spraying efficiency of the steam pipe and the spraying range of the steam pipe.
Preferably, the steam generator is used for introducing steam with the pressure of 5-10MPa, and 5-10kg of steam is introduced into every 1000kg of tea leaves.
The design of the amount and the pressure of the water vapor can ensure the tea to be soft and carry out the fluorine.
Preferably, one side plate of the box body is a steam box opening and closing door, reinforcing ribs are arranged on the inner side of the side plate of the box body, an opening and closing handle is installed on the steam box opening and closing door, and the lower portion of the box body is provided with a tea steaming travelling wheel capable of being self-locked.
The steam ager opens and shuts the convenient blowing of door and the ejection of compact, and the strengthening rib then can promote the intensity of curb plate, and the walking wheel then can change the position of box, is 304 stainless steel with box and otter board, so can avoid wooden box to adsorb exhaust fluorine and make fluorine enter into tealeaves once more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the withering device.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the withering device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the steam box.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a in fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a top view of a mesh panel.
FIG. 7 is a top view of the bottom of the case with the screen removed.
The text labels shown in the figures are represented as: 1. a ventilation box; 2. withering the screen plate; 3. withering the trough plate; 4. a discharge chute; 5. a blower; 6. a control box; 7. withering the travelling wheels; 8. withering the opening and closing door; 9. a hinge; 10. opening and closing the lock; 21. a box body; 22. reinforcing ribs; 23. opening and closing a door of the steam box; 24. a handle is opened and closed; 25. steaming the tea net plate; 26. a steam pipe; 27. a steam vent; 28. a vapor transmission aperture; 29. a steam transfer pipe; 30. a vapor transmission joint; 31. a joint sleeve; 32. tea steaming travelling wheels.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, and the description in this section is only exemplary and illustrative, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the withering device used in the present application includes a ventilation box 1, a top plate of the ventilation box 1 is a withering screen plate 2, a lateral surface of the withering screen plate 2 is provided with a withering trough plate 3, one end of the ventilation box 1 is provided with a blower 5 communicated with an inner cavity thereof, an air outlet end of the blower 5 is fitted with a heating structure, a lateral surface of the ventilation box 1 is provided with a withering opening and closing door 8 through an opening and closing structure, and a temperature measuring device is installed at an interval below the withering screen plate 2; the blower 5 is an axial-flow type ventilator with the flow rate of 1100m 3 H, power of 1.5Kw, rotating speed of 2900r/min, a control box 6 with display function is arranged outside the ventilation box 1, the control box 6 is used for controlling the work of the blower and the temperature measurer and displaying the temperature measurer in real timeThe measured temperature of, the outside of ventilation case 1 install the door 8 that opens and shuts that withers through hinge 9, and install the lock that opens and shuts that rotates realization function of unblanking on the door 8 that opens and shuts that withers, ventilation case 1's below is provided with the walking wheel 7 that withers of taking self-locking function, withering and traveling wheel 3 one side of keeping away from air-blower 5 seted up the discharge gate, the discharge gate cooperation has conical ejection of compact chute 4.
Specifically, when the withering device is used for withering tea leaves, tea leaves to be withered are placed on the withering screen plate 2, after the withering device is kept still for 50min, the control box 6 controls the air blower 5 and the temperature measurer workpiece, the heating structure and the air blower 5 work together, the air blower sucks external air, a blast flow is formed through the heating structure and enters the ventilation box 1, the blast flow can spread to the periphery along with the running of the blast flow, the air flow spreading to the side face can be guided upwards due to the fact that the air flow is in the ventilation box 1, the upward spreading can be increased, namely the air flow acting on the tea leaves on the withering screen plate 2 can be increased, incomplete withering of the tea leaves at one end of the air blower 5 is avoided, the air flow spreading at the rear part exceeds a set value to the temperature measured by the temperature measurer due to the increase of the air flow spreading, the opening and closing door 8 at the corresponding position needs to be opened, the air flow spreading from the side face directly, the tea leaves on the withering screen plate 2 can be uniformly withered tea leaves, the air flow can be uniformly withered tea leaves within 30min, the time of one-time, the withering device can be carried out after one-time, the hot air flow is carried out, and the withering device can be carried out for 60min, and the common withering effect can be generally realized, and the common withering part can be carried out for 3 times.
As shown in fig. 4-7, the steam box adopted by the present application comprises a box body 21, the box body 21 is of a cover-free structure, a tea steaming mesh plate 25 is arranged at a position 2-10cm different from the bottom surface of the box body 21, circular-hole-shaped meshes are uniformly formed in the tea steaming mesh plate 25, the diameter of each mesh is 0.2-0.4mm, the center distance between two adjacent meshes is twice of the diameter of each mesh, a steam transmission hole 28 communicated with a cavity below the tea steaming mesh plate 25 is formed in the side surface of the box body 21, the steam transmission hole 28 is communicated with a steam generating device through a pipeline, no less than three steam pipes 26 which are parallel are arranged at the bottom of the box body 21, the steam pipe 26 is provided with a steam hole 27, one end of each steam pipe 26 close to the steam transmission hole 28 is communicated with a steam transmission pipe 29 arranged in the box body 21, the steam transmission pipe 29 is communicated with the steam transmission hole 28, a steam transmission joint 30 is sleeved on the steam transmission hole 28, the other end of the steam transmission joint 30 is connected with a steam hose sleeve 31, the steam generation joint is communicated with a steam transmission hole 27, a lateral plate 23 which is provided with an upward opening and closing side plate 23, a lateral plate 22 which is provided with a vertical opening and closing side plate which is provided with a side plate which is provided on the steam door 21.
When the tea steaming box is used for steaming tea, tea leaves to be steamed soft are firstly placed on a tea steaming mesh plate 25 of the box body 21, after the tea leaves are placed, a tea steaming opening-closing door 23 is closed, a steam hose of a steam generating device is communicated with a steam transmission joint 31 through a joint sleeve 31, steam with the pressure of 5-10MPa is input through the steam generating device, the steam can enter a steam pipe 26 after passing through the steam hose, a steam transmission hole 28 and a steam transmission pipe 29 and is sprayed out from a steam hole 27, the sprayed high-pressure steam can enter a cavity body of the box body 21, wherein the tea leaves are contained in the cavity body, the steam flow can form steam flow with certain pressure after passing through the mesh, the steam flow can steam the tea leaves, most of the steam is absorbed by the tea leaves, the steam can still be discharged from the uncovered upper part of the box body 21, and the discharged fluorine in the discharged steam can be carried with the tea leaves in the tea leaf steaming process, so that the tea leaf steaming effect can be achieved, and the fluorine reducing effect can be achieved.
The specific examples of the brick tea production using the withering device and the steam box are as follows:
example 1
A brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content comprises the following steps:
picking old leaves in a No. 1 tea garden, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation; the withering temperature is 30-35 ℃, the picked tea leaves are placed on a withering screen plate to be kept stand for 10min, then are blown with hot air for 30min, then are blown with air again for 30min after an interval of 60min, and are completely withered after three times of hot air blowing;
placing the withered tea leaves into a fixation machine, adjusting the temperature of the fixation machine to 380-400 ℃, and performing fixation for 5min;
step three, rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 40min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min;
fourthly, performing pile fermentation operation on the rolled tea leaves for 24 hours, and turning over the tea leaves once every 8 hours;
step five, drying the tea leaves subjected to pile fermentation by hot air at the temperature of 100 ℃;
sixthly, placing the dried tea leaves on a tea steaming mesh plate, and introducing steam into the steam transmission holes through a steam generating device, wherein the steam pressure is 10MPa, and 5kg of water vapor is introduced into every 1000kg of tea leaves; the steam forms upward steam flow after passing through meshes of the tea steaming mesh plate from the lower part of the steam box, and the steam flow is discharged from the upper part of the steam box;
and step seven, putting the steamed soft tea leaves into a mould for compression molding to prepare brick tea, and naming the brick tea as Baotan I according to a tea base and tea batch, wherein the completion time of the embodiment is 2020 and 6 months.
A sample of the brick tea prepared by the embodiment is selected and sent to a professional detection mechanism for fluorine content detection, and the detection mechanism is as follows: the detection time of the Beijing Limited company of Hua detection authentication group is 7 and 31 months in 2020, the detection time is 7 and 31 days in 2020 and 8 and 6 days in 2020, the sample is 500g x 1 bags, the sample state is solid, the content of the detection is fluorine content, the standard of the detection basis is GB19965-2005 'fluorine content in brick tea', and the detection result is 292mg/kg of fluorine content.
Example 2
A brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content comprises the following steps:
picking old leaves in a No. 1 tea garden, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation; the withering temperature is 30-35 ℃, the picked tea leaves are placed on a withering screen plate and are kept stand for 50min, then are blown by hot air for 30min, then are blown again for 30min at an interval of 60min, and finally are withered after being blown by hot air for three times;
placing the withered tea leaves into a fixation machine, adjusting the temperature of the fixation machine to 380-400 ℃, and performing fixation for 3min;
step three, rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 40min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min;
step four, performing pile fermentation operation on the kneaded tea leaves, wherein the tea leaves are turned once every 8 hours after pile fermentation for 24 hours;
step five, drying the tea leaves subjected to pile fermentation by hot air at the temperature of 120 ℃;
sixthly, placing the dried tea leaves on a tea steaming mesh plate, and then introducing steam into the steam transmission holes through a steam generating device, wherein the steam pressure is 5MPa, and 10kg of water vapor is introduced into every 1000kg of tea leaves; the steam forms upward steam flow after passing through meshes of the tea steaming mesh plate from the lower part of the steam box, and the steam flow is discharged from the upper part of the steam box;
and step seven, putting the steamed soft tea leaves into a mould for compression molding to prepare brick tea, and naming the brick tea as Baotan No. two according to a tea base and tea batch, wherein the completion time of the embodiment is 2020 and 6 months.
A sample of the brick tea prepared by the embodiment is selected and sent to a professional detection mechanism for fluorine content detection, and the detection mechanism is as follows: the detection time of the Hua detection authentication group Beijing Limited company is 7/31/2020, the detection time is 31/7/2020, the detection time is 3/7/2020-8/6/2020, the sample is 500g x 1 bags, the sample state is solid, the content of the detection is fluorine content, the standard of the detection basis is GB19965-2005 'fluorine content in brick tea', and the detection result is 294mg/kg of fluorine content.
Example 3
A brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content comprises the following steps:
picking old leaves in a No. 2 tea garden, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation; the withering temperature is 30-35 ℃, the picked tea leaves are placed on a withering screen plate and are kept stand for 30min, then are blown by hot air for 30min, then are blown again for 30min at an interval of 60min, and are completely withered after being blown by hot air for three times;
step two, placing the withered tea leaves into a fixation machine, adjusting the temperature of the fixation machine to be 380-400 ℃, and performing fixation for 4min;
step three, rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 42min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min;
fourthly, performing pile fermentation operation on the rolled tea leaves for 24 hours, and turning over the tea leaves once every 8 hours;
step five, drying the tea leaves subjected to pile fermentation by hot air at the temperature of 110 ℃;
sixthly, placing the dried tea leaves on a tea steaming mesh plate, and introducing steam into the steam transmission holes through a steam generating device, wherein the steam pressure is 8MPa, and 8kg of water vapor is introduced into every 1000kg of tea leaves; the steam forms upward steam flow after passing through meshes of the tea steaming mesh plate from the lower part of the steam box, and the steam flow is discharged from the upper part of the steam box;
and seventhly, putting the soft steamed tea leaves into a mould for compression molding to prepare brick tea, and naming the brick tea as raw dark tea according to a tea base and tea batches, wherein the completion time of the embodiment is 2020 years and 10 months.
A sample of the brick tea prepared by the embodiment is selected and sent to a professional detection mechanism for fluorine content detection, and the detection mechanism is as follows: the detection time of the Beijing GmbH of Hua detection authentication group is 11/20 days in 2020, the detection time is 11/201 days in 2020 to 26 days in 11/2020, the sample is 200g, the sample state is solid, the content of the detection is fluorine content, the standard of the detection is GB19965-2005 'fluorine content in brick tea', and the detection result is 286mg/kg of fluorine content.
Example 4
A brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content comprises the following steps:
picking old leaves in a No. 3 tea garden, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation; the withering temperature is 30-35 ℃, the picked tea leaves are placed on a withering screen plate and are kept stand for 40min, then are blown by hot air for 30min, then are blown again for 30min at an interval of 60min, and finally are withered after being blown by hot air for three times;
step two, placing the withered tea leaves into a fixation machine, adjusting the temperature of the fixation machine to be 380-400 ℃, and performing fixation for 3.5min;
step three, rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 48min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min;
fourthly, performing pile fermentation operation on the rolled tea leaves for 24 hours, and turning over the tea leaves once every 8 hours;
step five, drying the tea leaves subjected to pile fermentation by hot air at the temperature of 105 ℃;
sixthly, placing the dried tea leaves on a tea steaming mesh plate, and then introducing steam into the steam transmission holes through a steam generating device, wherein the steam pressure is 7MPa, and 7kg of water vapor is introduced into every 1000kg of tea leaves; the steam forms upward steam flow after passing through meshes of the tea steaming mesh plate from the lower part of the steam box, and the steam flow is discharged from the upper part of the steam box;
and seventhly, putting the soft steamed tea leaves into a mould for compression molding to prepare the brick tea, and naming the brick tea as Ruichun tea industry No. 1 according to a tea base and tea leaf batches, wherein the completion time of the embodiment is 2021 year and 9 months.
A sample of the brick tea prepared by the embodiment is selected and sent to a professional detection mechanism for fluorine content detection, and the detection mechanism is as follows: the detection time of Shanghai Hua sample detection technology Limited company is 10 and 25 days in 2021, and the detection time is 25 and 25 days in 2021 and 10 and 29 days in 2021, the sample is 200g, the sample state is solid, the content of the detected fluorine is the fluorine content, the standard of the detection basis is GB19965-2005 'fluorine content in brick tea', and the detection result is 294.2mg/kg of the fluorine content.
Example 5
A brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content comprises the following steps:
picking old leaves in a No. 5 tea garden, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation; the withering temperature is 30-35 ℃, the picked tea leaves are placed on a withering screen plate to be kept stand for 25min, then are blown with hot air for 30min, then are blown with air again for 30min at intervals of 60min, and are completely withered after being blown with hot air for three times;
placing the withered tea leaves into a fixation machine, adjusting the temperature of the fixation machine to 380-400 ℃, and performing fixation for 4min;
step three, rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 47min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min;
step four, performing pile fermentation operation on the kneaded tea leaves, wherein the tea leaves are turned once every 8 hours after pile fermentation for 24 hours;
fifthly, drying the tea after pile fermentation by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is 100-120 ℃;
sixthly, placing the dried tea leaves on a tea steaming mesh plate, and introducing steam into the steam transmission holes through a steam generating device, wherein the steam pressure is 6MPa, and 6kg of water vapor is introduced into every 1000kg of tea leaves; the steam forms upward steam flow after passing through meshes of the tea steaming mesh plate from the lower part of the steam box, and the steam flow is discharged from the upper part of the steam box;
and step seven, putting the steamed soft tea leaves into a mould for compression molding to prepare the brick tea, and naming the brick tea as Ruichun tea industry No. 2 according to the tea base and the tea batch, wherein the completion time of the embodiment is 2021 years and 9 months.
A sample of the brick tea prepared by the embodiment is selected and sent to a professional detection mechanism for fluorine content detection, and the detection mechanism is as follows: shanghai Hua sample detection technology Limited company, the detection time is 10 and 25 days in 2021, 10 and 29 days in 2021, the sample is 200g, the sample state is solid, the content of the detected fluorine is the fluorine content, the standard of the detection is GB19965-2005 'fluorine content in brick tea', and the detection result is 258.5mg/kg of the fluorine content.
The above 5 embodiments pick old leaves from three different tea gardens, finish the manufacture in different years, and detect by professional detection mechanisms, the fluorine content obtained is all lower than 300mg/kg, thus proving that the brick tea manufacturing process of the application indeed reduces the fluorine content in the old tea leaves.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts; it should be noted that there are no specific structures but rather a few limitations to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and that many modifications, adaptations, and variations are possible and can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A brick tea making process capable of reducing fluorine content is characterized by comprising the following steps:
picking old leaves, and putting the picked old leaves into a withering device to complete withering operation;
placing the withered tea leaves into a fixation machine, and adjusting the temperature of the fixation machine to 380-400 ℃ for fixation for 3-5min;
step three, rolling the enzyme-deactivated tea leaves for 40-50min, standing for 30min, and rolling again for 70min;
step four, performing pile fermentation operation on the kneaded tea leaves, wherein the tea leaves are turned once every 8 hours after pile fermentation for 24 hours;
fifthly, drying the tea after pile fermentation by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is 100-120 ℃;
sixthly, placing the dried tea leaves into a steam box with an opening at the upper part for steaming the tea leaves, introducing upward steam flow from the lower part of the steam box, and discharging the steam flow from the upper part of the steam box;
and step seven, putting the steamed soft tea leaves into a mould for compression molding to prepare the brick tea.
2. The process for manufacturing brick tea with reduced fluorine content as claimed in claim 1, wherein the withering device comprises a ventilation box (1), the top plate of the ventilation box (1) is a withering screen plate (2), the side surface of the withering screen plate (2) is provided with a withering trough plate (3), one end of the ventilation box (1) is provided with a blower (5) communicated with the inner cavity of the ventilation box, the air outlet end of the blower (5) is matched with a heating structure, the side surface of the ventilation box (1) is provided with a withering opening and closing door (8) through an opening and closing structure, and a temperature measurer is arranged at an interval below the withering screen plate (2); the blower (5) is an axial-flow type ventilator with the flow rate of 1100m 3 The power is 1.5Kw, and the rotating speed is 2900r/min.
3. The brick tea manufacturing process capable of reducing the fluorine content as claimed in claim 2, wherein a control box (6) with a display function is arranged on the outer side of the ventilation box (1), the control box (6) is used for controlling the operation of the air blower and the temperature measurer and displaying the measured temperature of the temperature measurer in real time, a withering opening and closing door (8) is installed on the outer side of the ventilation box (1) through a hinge (9), an opening and closing lock which rotates to achieve an unlocking function is installed on the withering opening and closing door (8), a withering travelling wheel (7) with a self-locking function is arranged below the ventilation box (1), a discharge port is formed in one side, away from the air blower (5), of the withering trough plate (3), and the discharge port is matched with a conical discharge chute (4).
4. The process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the withering step comprises placing the picked tea leaves in a withering screen at 30-35 deg.C, standing for 10-50min, blowing hot air for 30min, blowing air again for 30min at an interval of 60min, and performing three times of hot air blowing to complete the withering.
5. The brick tea making process capable of reducing the fluorine content as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steam box comprises a box body (21), the box body (21) is of a uncovered structure, a tea steaming mesh plate (25) is arranged at a position, which is 2-10cm different from the bottom surface, of the lower part of the box body (21), round-hole-shaped meshes are uniformly formed in the tea steaming mesh plate (25), the diameter of each mesh is 0.2-0.4mm, the center distance between every two adjacent meshes is twice of the diameter of each mesh, steam transmission holes (28) communicated with a cavity below the tea steaming mesh plate (25) are formed in the side surface of the box body (21), and the steam transmission holes (28) are communicated with a steam generating device through pipelines.
6. The brick tea making process capable of reducing the fluorine content is characterized in that not less than three steam pipes (26) running in parallel are arranged at the bottom of the box body (21), the steam pipes (26) are provided with steam holes (27), one ends of all the steam pipes (26) close to the steam transmission holes (28) are communicated with a steam transmission pipe (29) arranged in the box body (21), and the steam transmission pipe (29) is communicated with the steam transmission holes (28).
7. The brick tea manufacturing process capable of reducing the fluorine content as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer end of the steam transmission hole (28) is in threaded sleeve connection with a steam transmission joint (30), the other end of the steam transmission joint (30) is connected with a joint sleeve (31) of a steam hose, and the steam hose is communicated with a steam generating device.
8. The brick tea making process capable of reducing the fluorine content as claimed in claim 7, wherein the steam holes (27) are formed in the upper part and the side part of the steam pipe (26), the steam holes in the upper part are vertically upward, and the steam holes in the side part are obliquely upward.
9. The process for making brick tea capable of reducing fluorine content according to claim 8, wherein the steam generator is introduced with steam of 5-10MPa and steam of 5-10kg per 1000kg tea leaves.
10. The brick tea making process capable of reducing the fluorine content according to claim 5, wherein one side plate of the box body (21) is a steam box opening and closing door (23), a reinforcing rib (28) is arranged on the inner side of the side plate of the box body (21), an opening and closing handle (24) is installed on the steam box opening and closing door (23), and a tea steaming travelling wheel (22) capable of being self-locked is arranged at the lower part of the box body (21).
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