CN115867521B - 由陶瓷基复合材料制造喷嘴叶片的方法 - Google Patents

由陶瓷基复合材料制造喷嘴叶片的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115867521B
CN115867521B CN202180047859.6A CN202180047859A CN115867521B CN 115867521 B CN115867521 B CN 115867521B CN 202180047859 A CN202180047859 A CN 202180047859A CN 115867521 B CN115867521 B CN 115867521B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
preform
central portion
blade
fibrous
hollow central
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202180047859.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN115867521A (zh
Inventor
马修·阿诺德·吉马
朱利安·马蒂奥
克莱门特·玛丽·伯努瓦·鲁西尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Ceramics SA
Original Assignee
Safran Ceramics SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Safran Ceramics SA filed Critical Safran Ceramics SA
Publication of CN115867521A publication Critical patent/CN115867521A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN115867521B publication Critical patent/CN115867521B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/001—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating directly with other burned ceramic articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B18/00—Layered products essentially comprising ceramics, e.g. refractory products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/06—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for securing layers together; for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support, or to another product, e.g. groove/tongue, interlocking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C04B35/573—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained by reaction sintering or recrystallisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
    • F01D5/187—Convection cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/042—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators
    • F01D9/044—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators permanently, e.g. by welding, brazing, casting or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
    • B32B2305/188—Woven fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/80—Sintered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/02—Ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2603/00—Vanes, blades, propellers, rotors with blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/0038—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving application of liquid to the layers prior to lamination, e.g. wet laminating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208—Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
    • C04B2235/524—Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
    • C04B2235/5244—Silicon carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208—Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
    • C04B2235/524—Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
    • C04B2235/5248—Carbon, e.g. graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208—Fibers
    • C04B2235/5252—Fibers having a specific pre-form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/614—Gas infiltration of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/616—Liquid infiltration of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/38—Fiber or whisker reinforced
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/84—Joining of a first substrate with a second substrate at least partially inside the first substrate, where the bonding area is at the inside of the first substrate, e.g. one tube inside another tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种制造由陶瓷基复合材料制成的涡轮喷嘴叶片的方法。

Description

由陶瓷基复合材料制造喷嘴叶片的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及由陶瓷基质复合材料(“CMC材料”)制成的涡轮喷嘴叶片的制造方法。这些叶片可以集成到航空涡轮发动机或工业涡轮发动机的喷嘴中。
背景技术
涡轮喷嘴是与涡轮喷气发动机外壳相连的部件，可以引流和引导主流中的气体。涡轮级包括一个称为“喷嘴”(或定子)的叶片组件，然后是叶片组件或转子(涡轮盘和叶片组)。涡轮喷嘴由空心翼型叶片制成，也就是说，翼型在其外端和内端之间的整个长度上具有内部纵向通道。这种通道允许将气流从外部输送到内部，特别是用于冷却涡轮转子轮盘。
CMC材料已被提议作为涡轮机的热段部件。事实上，这些材料具有显著的热结构特性，也就是说，机械特性使它们能够构成结构部件，并能够在高温下保持这些特性。此外，CMC材料的密度比传统上用于涡轮发动机热段部件的金属材料低得多。
喷嘴受到与流动路径中的空气动力流相关的力，以及喷嘴下方壳体上的活塞效应(喷嘴下方上游腔和下游腔之间的压力差)。这些力在喷嘴和壳体之间的紧固件周围产生力矩。
喷嘴叶片必须通过确保足够结构阻力的区域来引导这些力，同时具有相对复杂的形状，确保各种功能，例如，特别是气流向下游级(翼型的气动外形)的定向和分布，通过上部和下部流动路径(平台)引导气流，以及向内部壳体提供冷却空气。
期望有一种容易制造由CMC材料制成的喷嘴叶片的方法，以令人满意的方式确保对所施加的力的抵抗力以及期望的功能。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种制造由陶瓷基复合材料制成的涡轮机喷嘴叶片的方法，所述方法包括：
提供第一纤维预制件，其包括(i)用于形成待获得的叶片的翼型的纤维增强件的中空中心部分，(ii)从所述中心部分的内部部分在其每一侧上延伸并横向于所述中心部分的内部横向部分，以及(iii)从所述中心部分的外部部分在其每一侧上延伸并横向于所述中心部分的外部横向部分，
提供一对第二纤维预制件，每个第二预制件具有开口，所述开口具有待获得的叶片的翼型的形状，所述开口通向所考虑的第二纤维预制件的第一边缘，每个第二纤维预制件具有连接在所考虑的第二纤维预制件的第二边缘上的两个表层，所述第二边缘与所述第一边缘不同，这些表层在所述开口的任一侧上限定未连接区域，从而能够彼此间隔开，
通过将所述中心部分插入所考虑的第二纤维预制件的开口，并将所述内部横向部分置于所考虑的第二纤维预制件的表层之间，将其中一个第二纤维预制件与所述第一纤维预制件组装起来，这种组装旨在形成待获得的叶片的内部平台的纤维增强件，
通过将所述中心部分插入所考虑的第二纤维预制件的开口，并将所述外部横向部分置于所考虑的第二纤维预制件的表层之间，将另一个第二纤维预制件与所述第一纤维预制件组装起来，这种组装旨在形成待获得的叶片的外部平台的纤维增强件，以及
通过在这些预制件之间形成共同的陶瓷基质，将如此组装的第二预制件固定到所述第一预制件上。
第一预制件和第二预制件的单独制造，它们各自支持有限数量的功能，与叶片的纤维增强件形成为单件的情况相比，允许简化制造。此外，在第二纤维预制件的表层之间插入横向部分的事实允许获得对操作中的力具有良好抵抗力的组件。
在一个示例性实施例中，通过三维编织获得第一纤维预制件。
在一个示例性实施例中，通过三维编织来编织第二预制件，并且在第二边缘上将表层编织在一起，第二预制件具有限定未连接区域的分离区域。
在一个示例性实施例中，第一预制件的中心部分在外部横向部分的外侧延伸出一部分，形成用于将待获得的叶片安装在壳体中的附接部分预制件。
在一个示例性实施例中，第一纤维预制件的中心部分旨在限定待获得的叶片的空气动力学轮廓。作为一种变型，第一纤维预制件还包括添加到中心部分上的异形(profiled)纤维织构，该异形纤维织构用于限定待获得的叶片的空气动力学轮廓。
在一个示例性实施例中，至少通过化学蒸汽渗透(“CVI”)形成公共基质。作为变型或组合，至少通过液体工艺形成公共基质。因此，例如可以通过化学蒸汽渗透形成第一公共基质相，然后通过液体工艺例如通过熔融状态的渗透形成第二公共基质相。
附图说明
图1是在根据本发明的方法的示例的情况下实施的第一纤维预制件的透视图。
图2表示第二纤维预制件中的一个，其旨在在根据本发明的方法的示例的情况下在与第一纤维预制件组装之后形成外部平台。
图3表示第二纤维预制件中的另一个，其旨在在根据本发明的方法的示例的情况下在与第一纤维预制件组装之后形成内部平台。
图4是在将第二纤维预制件组装到第一纤维预制件上之后获得的组件的透视图。
图5是图4所示组件的纵向截面示意图。
图6是第一纤维预制件的另一个变体的示意性纵向截面图，其包括可以在根据本发明的方法变体的情况下实施的附加异形纤维织构。
图7是图6所示第一纤维预制件的俯视图。
具体实施方式
图1是第一纤维预制件1的透视图，该预制件可用于根据本发明的方法的示例的情况下。
第一纤维预制件1包括中心部分11，其旨在形成待获得的叶片的翼型的结构部分。在这里考虑的示例中，中心部分11呈现空气动力学轮廓，旨在限定叶片的内弧面和外弧面。中心部分11的第一侧11a旨在限定外弧面，而中心部分11的第二侧11b旨在限定内弧面。应当注意，结构部分不一定形成叶片的空气动力学轮廓，如下面将关于图6和图7所描述的那样。
中心部分11是中空部分，其具有在其内部部分11c和其外部部分11d之间延伸的内部纵向通道12。纵向通道12旨在被冷却气流穿过。第一侧11a和第二侧11b界定纵向通道12，纵向通道12存在于这些侧11a和11b之间。
在整个文本中，术语“内部”和“外部”是相对于喷嘴的轴线(箭头A)的径向方向(箭头R)使用的，也就是说相对于喷嘴的半径方向(连接喷嘴中心和外围的直线)。
第一纤维预制件1还包括从内部部分11c在其每一侧并与其横向延伸的内部横向部分13。第一纤维预制件1还包括从外部部分11d在其每一侧并与其横向延伸的外部横向部分15。
在所示的示例中，中心部分11与内部横向部分13和外部横向部分15属于通过三维编织获得的同一纤维织构。在该示例中，因此在中心部分11与内部横向部分13和外部横向部分15之间存在织物连续性。内部横向部分13和外部横向部分15在此通过纤维织构的折叠来限定。在所示示例中，纤维织构具有从分离底部11e限定的分离区域。外部横向部分15的纱线在分离区域不与中心部分11结合。
此外，在所示的示例中，中心部分11在外部横向部分15的外侧延伸出一部分14，形成用于将叶片安装在壳体中的附接部分的预制件。
第一纤维预制件的可能的制造可以首先包括生产通过三维编织编织的带状纤维坯料。用于形成坯料的纱线可以由陶瓷，特别是碳化硅(SiC)或碳制成。
坯料的编织是在分离底部11e的水平处进行局部分离的。以本身已知的方式，通过使纬纱不穿过分离区而在两层经纱之间进行分离，纬纱用于将位于分离区两侧的经纱层结合。在本文中，经纱和纬纱之间的角色是可互换的。
在坯料编织之后，可以制作切口以消除计划不在第一纤维预制件中结束的多余部分。然后将坯料放置在成型工具中对其进行成型，从而获得第一纤维预制件1。坯料可以围绕形状自身折叠以获得中心部分11。坯料可以在内部部分11c的水平上折叠，以形成下横向部分13，在外部部分11d的水平上折叠，以形成部分14，部分14形成附接部分预制件。外部横向部分15可以在分离底部11e的水平处展开。
所示的情况涉及由通过三维编织获得的单一织构形成的第一纤维预制件。然而，本发明不限于这种情况，作为变型，第一预制件能够通过覆盖多个单向纤维网或二维或三维织物层而获得。
刚刚描述了第一纤维预制件1的结构和制造。关于图2和图3，以下说明了第二纤维预制件的可能结构示例，该第二纤维预制件旨在与第一纤维预制件组装，以获得平台的纤维增强件。
第二纤维预制件20a/20b各自具有相似的形状，以下描述适用于这些第二预制件20a/20b中的每一个。
第二纤维预制件20a/20b可以由通过三维编织获得的条带形成。第二纤维预制件20a/20b具有在两个分离底部32a/32b和34a/34b之间延伸的分离区域。该分离区域限定了两个可以彼此间隔开的表层23a/23b和25a/25b。两个表层23a/23b和25a/25b在所考虑的第二预制件20a/20b的相对纵向边缘27a/27b和29a/29b上编织在一起。第二纤维预制件20a/20b具有通孔201a/201b，该通孔具有待获得的叶片的翼型的形状，该开口201a/201a在入口203a/203b的水平处通向所考虑的第二纤维预制件20a/20b的侧边缘21a/21b。
为了进行第二纤维预制件与第一纤维预制件的组装，将中心部分11通过入口203a/203b插入开口201a/201b中，并且将表层25a/23a或25b/23b间隔开，以便在每个第二纤维预制件的分离区域中将横向部分15和13插入其间。图4显示了组装后获得的纤维增强件。外部横向部分15存在于表层23a和25a之间，内部横向部分13存在于表层23b和25b之间。中心部分11位于第二纤维预制件的开口201a/201b中。图4所示的纤维增强件定义了机翼和平台的纤维增强件。
应注意的是，在组装期间，第一和第二纤维预制件可以是固结的或不是固结的。固结预的制件的孔隙由固结基质相部分填充，从而允许其在无需保持工具的帮助下保持其形状。第一和第二预制件可以在不同的阶段组装，例如，在组装过程中第一预制件可以是固结的，而第二预成形件不是固结的。此外，在组装之前，第一预制件和第二预制件的纱线可以涂覆有脆化释放中间相或可以没有涂覆脆化释放中间相。脆化释放中间相或固结中间相的形成技术本身是已知的。
一旦组装完成，就形成第一和第二预制件共用的陶瓷基体。
这种常见的基质可以全部或部分通过化学蒸汽渗透产生，或者全部或部分地通过液体工艺产生。液体工艺技术可以是熔融渗透(“MI”)或聚合物浸渍热解(“PIP”)技术。通过上述技术形成陶瓷基质本身是已知的。应注意，这些技术的组合可用于形成基质。例如，普通基质可以包括碳化硅。在第二预制件和第一预制件之间可以存在公共基质的连续性。
在形成矩阵之后，获得涡轮发动机(例如航空涡轮发动机)的涡轮喷嘴叶片。叶片由CMC材料制成，包括翼型和内外平台。在外部平台的外侧，翼型通过连接部分延伸，该连接部分用于将叶片安装在壳体中。内部平台的外表面和外部平台的内表面旨在在将叶片安装在喷嘴中之后限定喷嘴中气流的流动路径。涡轮喷嘴可通过在涡轮壳体内安装一组如上所述的叶片来获得。
图6和图7示出了第一纤维预制件的变型。以与上述相同的方式表示相同的组件。在该示例中，叶片的结构部分110不具有待获得的叶片的空气动力学轮廓的形状。在该示例中，具有待获得的叶片的空气动力学轮廓的附加异型织构112已被添加到结构部分上。该异型织构112特别限定了待获得的叶片的前缘BA和后缘BF。

Claims (8)

1.一种制造由陶瓷基复合材料制成的涡轮喷嘴叶片的方法，所述方法包括：
提供第一纤维预制件(1)，其包括(i)用于形成待获得的叶片的翼型的纤维增强件的中空中心部分(11；110)，(ii)从所述中空中心部分的内部部分(11c)在其每一侧上延伸并横向于所述中空中心部分的内部横向部分(13)，以及(iii)从所述中空中心部分的外部部分(11d)在其每一侧上延伸并横向于所述中空中心部分的外部横向部分(15)，
提供一对第二纤维预制件(20a；20b)，每个第二纤维预制件具有开口(201a；201b)，所述开口具有待获得的叶片的翼型的形状，所述开口通向所考虑的第二纤维预制件的第一边缘(21a；21b)，每个第二纤维预制件具有连接在所考虑的第二纤维预制件的第二边缘(27a；27b)上的两个表层(23a-25a；23b-25b)，所述第二边缘与所述第一边缘不同，这些表层在所述开口的任一侧上限定分离区域，从而能够彼此间隔开，
通过将所述中空中心部分插入所考虑的第二纤维预制件的开口，并将所述内部横向部分置于所考虑的第二纤维预制件的表层之间，将其中一个第二纤维预制件与所述第一纤维预制件组装起来，这种组装旨在形成待获得的叶片的内部平台的纤维增强件，
通过将所述中空中心部分插入所考虑的第二纤维预制件的开口，并将所述外部横向部分置于所考虑的第二纤维预制件的表层之间，将另一个第二纤维预制件与所述第一纤维预制件组装起来，这种组装旨在形成待获得的叶片的外部平台的纤维增强件，以及
通过在这些预制件之间形成共同的陶瓷基质，将如此组装的第二纤维预制件固定到所述第一纤维预制件上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维预制件(1)通过三维编织获得。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，通过三维编织来编织所述第二纤维预制件(20a；20b)，并且在所述第二边缘(27a；27b)上将所述表层(23a-25a；23b-25b)编织在一起，所述第二纤维预制件具有限定未连接的区域的分离区域。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维预制件(1)的中空中心部分(11；110)在所述外部横向部分(15)的外侧延伸出一部分(14)，以形成用于将待获得的叶片安装在壳体中的附接部分预制件。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维预制件的中空中心部分(11)旨在限定待获得的叶片的空气动力学轮廓。
6.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维预制件还包括添加到所述中空中心部分(110)上的异形纤维织构(112)，所述异形纤维织构用于限定待获得的叶片的空气动力学轮廓。
7.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述共同的陶瓷基质至少通过化学气相渗透形成。
8.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述共同的陶瓷基质至少通过液体工艺形成。
CN202180047859.6A 2020-07-03 2021-06-23 由陶瓷基复合材料制造喷嘴叶片的方法 Active CN115867521B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2007063A FR3112142B1 (fr) 2020-07-03 2020-07-03 Procédé de fabrication d’une aube de distributeur en matériau composite à matrice céramique
FRFR2007063 2020-07-03
PCT/FR2021/051148 WO2022003276A1 (fr) 2020-07-03 2021-06-23 Procédé de fabrication d'une aube de distributeur en matériau composite à matrice céramique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115867521A CN115867521A (zh) 2023-03-28
CN115867521B true CN115867521B (zh) 2024-03-29

Family

ID=75108355

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202180047859.6A Active CN115867521B (zh) 2020-07-03 2021-06-23 由陶瓷基复合材料制造喷嘴叶片的方法

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11772359B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP4175928A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN115867521B (zh)
FR (1) FR3112142B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2022003276A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102387908A (zh) * 2009-04-06 2012-03-21 斯奈克玛 一种用复合材料制成的涡轮机叶片的制造方法
CN103124606A (zh) * 2010-09-28 2013-05-29 斯奈克玛 制造部件的方法及使用该方法获得的复合固体部件
CN103492724A (zh) * 2010-07-02 2014-01-01 斯奈克玛 具有完整复合纵梁的叶片
CN103796818A (zh) * 2011-09-07 2014-05-14 斯奈克玛 制造用于涡轮发动机的由复合材料所制造的涡轮机喷嘴或压气机定子叶片的扇体的方法，以及包括由所述扇体所组成喷嘴或定子叶片的涡轮机或压气机
CN107428103A (zh) * 2015-02-16 2017-12-01 赛峰航空器发动机 用于制造由复合材料制成的涡轮机叶片的方法
CN111164061A (zh) * 2017-10-02 2020-05-15 赛峰集团陶瓷 用于制造由陶瓷基复合材料制成的中空部件的方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2983519B1 (fr) * 2011-12-01 2015-07-24 Snecma Propulsion Solide Aube de turbine a pale creuse en materiau composite, turbine ou compresseur ayant un distributeur ou redresseur forme de telles aubes et turbomachine les comprenant
US10859268B2 (en) * 2018-10-03 2020-12-08 Rolls-Royce Plc Ceramic matrix composite turbine vanes and vane ring assemblies
US11035239B2 (en) * 2018-10-25 2021-06-15 General Electric Company Ceramic matrix composite turbine nozzle shell and method of assembly

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102387908A (zh) * 2009-04-06 2012-03-21 斯奈克玛 一种用复合材料制成的涡轮机叶片的制造方法
CN103492724A (zh) * 2010-07-02 2014-01-01 斯奈克玛 具有完整复合纵梁的叶片
CN103124606A (zh) * 2010-09-28 2013-05-29 斯奈克玛 制造部件的方法及使用该方法获得的复合固体部件
CN103796818A (zh) * 2011-09-07 2014-05-14 斯奈克玛 制造用于涡轮发动机的由复合材料所制造的涡轮机喷嘴或压气机定子叶片的扇体的方法，以及包括由所述扇体所组成喷嘴或定子叶片的涡轮机或压气机
CN107428103A (zh) * 2015-02-16 2017-12-01 赛峰航空器发动机 用于制造由复合材料制成的涡轮机叶片的方法
CN111164061A (zh) * 2017-10-02 2020-05-15 赛峰集团陶瓷 用于制造由陶瓷基复合材料制成的中空部件的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20230191746A1 (en) 2023-06-22
EP4175928A1 (fr) 2023-05-10
CN115867521A (zh) 2023-03-28
WO2022003276A1 (fr) 2022-01-06
FR3112142B1 (fr) 2022-09-09
FR3112142A1 (fr) 2022-01-07
US11772359B2 (en) 2023-10-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11306598B2 (en) Method for manufacturing a turbine engine vane made of a composite material, resulting vane and turbine engine including same
JP5973589B2 (ja) 組み込まれたプラットフォームを備えた複合材料製のターボ機械のベーンを製造する方法
JP5527774B2 (ja) 複合材料ターボ機械機関羽根及びそれを製造する為の方法
CA2857452C (en) Hollow-blade turbine vane made from composite material, turbine or compressor including a nozzle or guide vane assembly formed by such blades, and turbomachine comprising same
US9784113B2 (en) Method of fabricating a turbine or compressor guide vane sector made of composite material for a turbine engine, and a turbine or a compressor incorporating such guide vane sectors
RU2523308C2 (ru) Способ изготовления турбомашинной лопатки, сделанной из композиционного материала
EP3339573B1 (en) Composite turbine vane with three-dimensional fiber reinforcements
US9657583B2 (en) Composite material reinforcing part of pi-shaped section, in particular a platform for a turbine engine fan, and its method of fabrication
CA2799706C (en) Turbomachine blade having complementary asymmetrical geometry
CN102782256A (zh) 采用复合材料制成的涡轮发动机叶片和制造该叶片的方法
CN108367524B (zh) 制造具有与一个或多个平台形成一体的主体的复合材料部件的方法
CN114616081B (zh) 用于生产复合部件，特别是涡轮发动机叶片的编织纤维预制件
US11732597B2 (en) Double box composite seal assembly with insert for gas turbine engine
US20190330988A1 (en) Cmc aerofoil
CN115867521B (zh) 由陶瓷基复合材料制造喷嘴叶片的方法
EP4008703A1 (en) Ceramic component
US11828195B2 (en) Fibrous preform for the aerodynamic profile of a turbomachine blade
CN116802046A (zh) 用于制造具有集成附接凸耳和平台的由复合材料制成的叶片的方法
US20240229308A9 (en) Fibrous texture for a thin-edged composite blade
CN115210448A (zh) 用于包括由非多孔塑料制成的中空芯部的涡轮发动机定子的、由复合材料制成的轮叶
CN116249827A (zh) 用于制造具有分格式结构的复合材料部件的方法及对应部件

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant