CN115854565B - All-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system and method - Google Patents
All-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system and method, which belong to the technical field of energy storage and comprise an expander, an oil-gas heat exchanger, a gas storage, a heat recovery system and a processor; the heat regeneration system comprises a valley electric heating loop and a light heat collection loop; the method comprises the following steps: a photo-thermal heat collection device and a photo-thermal circulating pump in the photo-thermal heat collection loop are started in photo-thermal heat collection time; starting a low-temperature circulating pump and a high-temperature circulating pump in a valley electric heating loop in the valley electric heating time, heating by a valley electric heater, and heating and storing heat conduction oil into a high-temperature oil tank; when the power generation releases heat, the heat conduction oil flows out of the high-temperature oil tank, the oil inlet gas heat exchanger heats the compressed air in the gas storage, and the heat conduction oil after heat exchange flows into the low-temperature oil tank; the heat conduction oil of the photo-thermal oil tank supplements heat for the low-temperature oil tank. The invention utilizes the heating mode of combined operation of photo-thermal and valley heating to achieve the aim of high-efficiency heat storage, meets the requirement of compressed air energy storage operation, and has good economy, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system and method.
Background
The compressed air energy storage power generation system is one of novel energy storage modes with minimum carbon and environmental protection, but the heat loss in the compression process and the expansion process is the main influence on the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air, so that the compressed air energy storage power station is provided with a heat conduction oil heat storage system.
The heat-conducting oil heat storage technology is a technology which takes heat storage materials as media to store heat energy such as solar photo-thermal energy, geothermal energy, industrial waste heat, low-grade waste heat and the like, releases the heat energy when needed, and aims to solve the problem caused by mismatching between heat energy supply and demand in time, space or intensity, and improves the energy utilization rate of the whole system to the maximum extent.
In order to reduce carbon emission as much as possible, the heat storage system of some compressed air energy storage systems adopts a solar photo-thermal collection system to collect solar heat as a heat source of expansion heat, and the solar energy has inexhaustible characteristics, so that the system is safe and environment-friendly, but because the solar heat energy density is low, the variation fluctuation is large, and if the system is in cloudy days or in a period of insufficient sunlight continuity, the heat required by the system cannot be stored in time, so that the heat storage is often insufficient, and the normal operation of the compressed air energy storage power station is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing an all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system and a method, which utilize a heating mode of photo-thermal and valley heating combined operation to achieve the purpose of high-efficiency heat storage, meet the requirement of compressed air energy storage operation, realize peak-shifting operation, realize complementation of the two energy storage modes, and have the advantages of good economy, energy conservation and environmental protection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system comprises an expander, an oil-gas heat exchanger, a gas storage, a heat recovery system and a processor; the low-temperature compressed air in the air storage is changed into high-temperature compressed air through the oil-gas heat exchanger and is provided for the expander; the heat regeneration system comprises a valley electric heating loop and a light heat collection loop;
the valley electric heating loop comprises a low-temperature oil tank connected with an oil outlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger through a first low-temperature oil guide pipeline and a high-temperature oil tank connected with the low-temperature oil tank through a valley electric heating pipeline; the high-temperature oil tank is connected with an oil inlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger through a high-temperature oil guide pipeline; a low-temperature circulating pump and a valley electric heater are arranged on the valley electric heating pipe; a high-temperature circulating pump is arranged on the high-temperature oil guide pipeline;
the photo-thermal heat collection loop comprises a photo-thermal oil tank connected with an oil outlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger through a second low-temperature oil guide pipeline and a photo-thermal heat collection loop provided with a photo-thermal heat collection device and a photo-thermal circulating pump; the photo-thermal oil tank is connected with the photo-thermal heating pipeline to form a first heating loop; the low-temperature oil tank is connected with the photo-thermal heating pipeline to form a second heating loop; a low-temperature oil tank heat supplementing valve is arranged on the second heating loop; the gloss oil tank is connected with the low-temperature oil tank through a heat supplementing oil guide pipeline; and a heat supplementing pump is arranged on the heat supplementing oil guide pipeline.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and oil temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the low-temperature oil tank, the high-temperature oil tank and the oil outlet of the low-temperature oil tank.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: an oil temperature sensor is arranged in the photo-thermal oil tank.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the processor respectively collects the oil temperature in the low-temperature oil tank, the high-temperature oil tank and the photo-thermal oil tank and the oil temperature at the oil outlet of the low-temperature oil tank, and controls the heating power of the valley electric heater and the opening and closing of the low-temperature circulating pump, the high-temperature circulating pump, the photo-thermal circulating pump and the heat supplementing pump.
An all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage method comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a photo-thermal heat collecting device and a photo-thermal circulating pump in a photo-thermal heat collecting loop in photo-thermal heat collecting time, and respectively entering a low-temperature oil tank and a heat conduction pipe in the photo-thermal oil tank for heating;
s2, starting a low-temperature circulating pump and a high-temperature circulating pump in a valley electric heating loop at the valley electric heating time, automatically calculating and controlling the heating power of the valley electric heater by a processor according to the temperature T3 of heat conduction oil at an oil outlet of the low-temperature oil tank, heating the heat conduction oil to the temperature T4 after heating by the valley electric heater, storing the heat conduction oil into the high-temperature oil tank, and stopping heating by the valley electric heater;
s3, when power generation and heat release are carried out, heat conduction oil flows out from the high-temperature oil tank, the oil inlet gas heat exchanger heats compressed air in the gas storage, the temperature of the air entering the expander is increased, and the power generation capacity of the system is improved; the heat conducting oil after heat exchange flows into the low-temperature oil tank;
s4, when power generation and heat release are carried out, the heat conduction oil of the photo-thermal oil tank supplements heat for the low-temperature oil tank.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: s1, comprising the following steps of:
s1.1, when the mass of heat conduction oil stored in the low-temperature oil tank is M1 and the heat conduction oil is circularly heated to the temperature T1 through the photo-thermal heat collecting device, a low-temperature oil tank heat supplementing valve is closed;
s1.2, the mass of heat conduction oil stored in the photo-thermal oil tank is M2, and the heat conduction oil is circularly heated to the temperature T2 through the photo-thermal heat collection device and stored in the photo-thermal oil tank.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in S1, the light and heat collection time is 8:00-17:00.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in S2, the valley electrical heating time is 8 hours, and the time is 23:00-7:00.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in S3, the power generation and heat release time is 7:00-23:00 of four hours in succession required by the schedule.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: s4, the method comprises the following steps of:
s4.1, when the power generation and heat release are started, and the oil temperature T2 in the photo-thermal oil tank is larger than the oil temperature T3 in the low-temperature oil tank, the controller starts a heat supplementing pump, and heat conduction oil in the photo-thermal oil tank enters the low-temperature oil tank to supplement heat and participate in circulation;
and S4.2, circularly heating the heat conduction oil which flows back to the photo-thermal oil tank through the photo-thermal heat collection device.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical progress:
1. according to the invention, by arranging the valley electric heating loop and the photo-thermal heat collection loop and utilizing a heating mode of photo-thermal and valley heating combined operation, the purpose of high-efficiency heat storage is achieved, the energy storage operation requirement of compressed air is met, peak shifting operation is realized, the complementation of the two energy storage modes is realized, and the energy storage system is good in economical efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
2. The invention is convenient to implement and is suitable for all compressed air energy storage and heat accumulation systems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system of the present invention;
wherein, 1, an expansion machine, 2, an oil-gas heat exchanger, 3, a gas storage, 4, a low-temperature oil tank, 5, a high-temperature oil tank, 6, a photo-thermal oil tank, 7, a low-temperature circulating pump, 8, a valley electric heater, 9, a high-temperature circulating pump, 10, a photo-thermal heat collecting device, 11, a photo-thermal circulating pump, 12 and a heat supplementing pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," … … are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "first", "second" … … can explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
As shown in fig. 1, an all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system comprises an expander 1, an oil-gas heat exchanger 2, a gas storage 3, a heat recovery system and a processor; the low-temperature compressed air in the air storage 3 is changed into high-temperature compressed air through the oil-gas heat exchanger 2 and is provided for the expander 1; the oil-gas heat exchanger 2 is connected in series in the regenerative system; the heat regeneration system comprises a valley electric heating loop and a light heat collection loop;
the valley electric heating loop comprises a low-temperature oil tank 4 connected with an oil outlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger 2 through a first low-temperature oil guide pipeline and a high-temperature oil tank 5 connected with the low-temperature oil tank 4 through a valley electric heating pipeline; the high-temperature oil tank 5 is connected with an oil inlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger 2 through a high-temperature oil guide pipeline; a low-temperature circulating pump 7 and a valley electric heater 8 are arranged on the valley electric heating pipe; the high-temperature oil guide pipeline is provided with a high-temperature circulating pump 9; oil temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the low-temperature oil tank 4, the high-temperature oil tank 5 and the oil outlet of the low-temperature oil tank 4.
The photo-thermal heat collection loop comprises a photo-thermal oil tank 6 connected with an oil outlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger 2 through a second low-temperature oil guide pipeline and a photo-thermal heat collection pipeline provided with a photo-thermal heat collection device 10 and a photo-thermal circulating pump 11; the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is connected with a photo-thermal heating pipeline to form a first heating loop; the low-temperature oil tank 4 is connected with a photo-thermal heating pipeline to form a second heating loop; a low-temperature oil tank heat supplementing valve is arranged on the second heating loop; the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is connected with the low-temperature oil tank 4 through a heat supplementing oil guide pipeline; a heat supplementing pump 12 is arranged on the heat supplementing oil guide pipeline; an oil temperature sensor is arranged in the photo-thermal oil tank 6;
the processor respectively collects the oil temperature in the low-temperature oil tank 4, the high-temperature oil tank 5 and the photo-thermal oil tank 6 and the oil temperature at the oil outlet of the low-temperature oil tank 4, and controls the heating power of the valley electric heater 8 and the opening and closing of the low-temperature circulating pump 7, the high-temperature circulating pump 9, the photo-thermal circulating pump 11 and the heat supplementing pump 12.
The number of the low-temperature circulating pump 7, the high-temperature circulating pump 9 and the photo-thermal circulating pump 11 is two, and the two low-temperature circulating pumps, the high-temperature circulating pump 9 and the photo-thermal circulating pump 11 are respectively arranged on two branches in parallel.
An all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage method comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling a photo-thermal heat collection device 10 and a photo-thermal circulating pump 11 in a photo-thermal heat collection loop in photo-thermal heat collection time of 8:00-17:00, and respectively enabling heat conduction pipes in a low-temperature oil tank 4 and a photo-thermal oil tank 6 to enter the photo-thermal heat collection device 10 for heating, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
s1.1, the mass of the heat conduction oil stored in the low-temperature oil tank 4 is M1, and the circulation heating to the temperature T1 is finished through the photo-thermal heat collection device 10;
s1.2, the mass of the heat conduction oil stored in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is M2, and the heat conduction oil is circularly heated to the temperature T2 through the photo-thermal heat collection device 10 and stored in the photo-thermal oil tank 6.
S2, starting a low-temperature circulating pump 7 and a high-temperature circulating pump 9 in a valley electric heating loop in the valley electric heating time, automatically calculating and controlling the heating power of the valley electric heater 8 by a processor according to the temperature T3 of oil-out heat conduction oil of the low-temperature oil tank 4, heating the heat conduction oil to the temperature T4 after being heated by the valley electric heater 8, storing the heat conduction oil to the high-temperature oil tank 5, stopping heating by the valley electric heater 8, and keeping the valley electric heating time to be 8 hours, wherein the valley electric heating time is 23:00-7:00.
S3, when power generation and heat release are carried out, heat conduction oil flows out from the high-temperature oil tank 5, the oil inlet gas heat exchanger 2 heats compressed air in the air storage 3, the temperature of the air entering the expander 1 is increased, and the power generation capacity of the system is improved; the heat conducting oil after heat exchange flows into the low-temperature oil tank 4, and the power generation and heat release time is any four continuous hours required by the dispatching in 7:00-23:00.
S4, supplementing heat to the low-temperature oil tank 4 by using heat conduction oil of the photo-thermal oil tank 6;
s4.1, when the power generation and heat release are started, and the oil temperature T2 in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is larger than the oil temperature T3 in the low-temperature oil tank 4, the controller starts the heat supplementing pump 12, and the heat conducting oil in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 enters the low-temperature oil tank 4 to supplement heat and participate in circulation;
and S4.2, circulating and heating the heat conduction oil which flows back into the photo-thermal oil tank 6 through the photo-thermal heat collection device 10.
The mass of the heat conduction oil stored in the low-temperature oil tank 4 is M1, and the oil mass meeting the operation requirement is achieved; the mass of the heat conduction oil stored in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is M2, so that the heat collection capacity of the photo-thermal heat collection device 10 is met; the low-temperature oil tank 4 is circularly heated to the temperature T1 through the photo-thermal heat collection device 10, and the heat collection capacity of the photo-thermal heat collection device 10 is met; the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is circularly heated to the temperature T2 through the photo-thermal heat collection device 10, so that the chemical property of the heat conduction oil is met, and the maximum energy storage is achieved on the premise of ensuring the stable property of the heat conduction oil.
Because the area of the photo-thermal heat collection device 10 is limited, the energy storage efficiency of the compressed air is optimized by setting the T1 and the T2 according to the limited area of the photo-thermal heat collection device 10, and the heat conduction oil in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is heated in advance, so that the power of the valley electric heater is reduced, the energy conservation is realized, and the heat storage efficiency is further improved.
Examples
S1, combining the operation characteristics of a compressed air energy storage project, starting a photo-thermal heat collection device 10 and a photo-thermal circulating pump 11 in a photo-thermal heat collection loop in advance, wherein the photo-thermal heat collection time is 8:00-17:00, and enabling a low-temperature oil tank 4 and a photo-thermal oil tank 6 to coexist and store 700t heat conduction oil, respectively entering a groove type photo-thermal heat collection device for heating, and enabling the low-temperature oil tank 4 to store 550t heat conduction oil meeting the operation requirement, and circularly heating to about 160 ℃ through the groove type photo-thermal heat collection device; the 150t small flow heat conduction oil in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is fully utilized to continuously heat by photo-thermal heat collection, and the part of heat conduction oil is heated to 300 ℃ and stored in the photo-thermal oil tank.
S2, 550t heat conduction oil (160 ℃) flows out of the low-temperature oil tank 4, is circularly heated by the valley electric heater 8 until the heat conduction oil is heated to about 250 ℃, meets the heat exchange requirement with turbine inlet air, is stored into the high-temperature oil tank 5, the valley electric heater 8 is withdrawn from heating, and the valley electric heating time is 8 hours, 23:00-7:00.
S3, heat conduction oil (250 ℃) flows out of the high-temperature oil tank 5, the oil inlet gas heat exchanger 2 heats compressed air, the temperature of the air entering the high-temperature compression expander 1 is increased, and the generating capacity of the system is increased; the heat conduction oil after heat exchange is at the temperature of about 120 ℃ and flows into the low-temperature oil tank 4, and the power generation and heat release time is any four continuous hours required by the dispatching in 7:00-23:00.
S4, when the small flow heat conduction oil in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 fully utilizes photo-thermal heat collection to continuously heat and generate electricity and release heat, and when the oil temperature T2 in the photo-thermal oil tank 6 is larger than the oil temperature T3 in the low-temperature oil tank 4, the heat supplementing pump 12 is started, the running temperature of the low-temperature heat conduction oil is quickly increased, the reduction of the power of the valley electric heater is facilitated, the energy conservation is realized, and the heat storage efficiency is further improved.
In summary, the invention utilizes the heating mode of the combined operation of photo-thermal and low-valley heating to achieve the aim of high-efficiency heat storage, meets the energy storage operation requirement of compressed air, realizes the peak-shifting operation, realizes the complementation of the two energy storage modes, and has good economy, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Claims (7)
1. An all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system is characterized in that: the device comprises a high-temperature compression expander (1), an oil-gas heat exchanger (2), a gas storage (3), a heat recovery system and a processor; the low-temperature compressed air in the air storage (3) is changed into high-temperature compressed air through the oil-gas heat exchanger (2) and is provided for the expander (1); the heat regeneration system comprises a valley electric heating loop and a light heat collection loop;
the valley electric heating loop comprises a low-temperature oil tank (4) connected with an oil outlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger (2) through a first low-temperature oil guide pipeline and a high-temperature oil tank (5) connected with the low-temperature oil tank (4) through a valley electric heating pipeline; the high-temperature oil tank (5) is connected with an oil inlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger (2) through a high-temperature oil guide pipeline; the low-temperature oil guide pipeline is provided with a low-temperature circulating pump (7) and a valley electric heater (8); a high-temperature circulating pump (9) is arranged on the high-temperature oil guide pipeline;
the photo-thermal heat collection loop comprises a photo-thermal oil tank (6) connected with an oil outlet of the oil-gas heat exchanger (2) through a second low-temperature oil guide pipeline and a photo-thermal heat collection loop provided with a photo-thermal heat collection device (10) and a photo-thermal circulating pump (11); the photo-thermal oil tank (6) is connected with a photo-thermal heating pipeline to form a first heating loop; the low-temperature oil tank (4) is connected with a photo-thermal heating pipeline to form a second heating loop; a low-temperature oil tank heat supplementing valve is arranged on the second heating loop; the photo-thermal oil tank (6) is connected with the low-temperature oil tank (4) through a heat supplementing oil guide pipeline; a heat supplementing pump (12) is arranged on the heat supplementing oil guide pipeline;
the all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling a photo-thermal heat collecting device (10) and a photo-thermal circulating pump (11) in a photo-thermal heat collecting loop in photo-thermal heat collecting time, and enabling heat conduction oil in a low-temperature oil tank (4) and a photo-thermal oil tank (6) to enter the photo-thermal heat collecting device (10) respectively for heating;
s1, comprising the following steps of:
s1.1, when the mass of heat conduction oil stored in the low-temperature oil tank (4) is M1 and the heat conduction oil is circularly heated to the temperature T1 through the photo-thermal heat collecting device (10), a low-temperature oil tank heat supplementing valve is closed;
s1.2, the mass of heat conduction oil stored in the photo-thermal oil tank (6) is M2, and the heat conduction oil is circularly heated to the temperature T2 through the photo-thermal heat collection device (10) and stored in the photo-thermal oil tank (6);
s2, starting a low-temperature circulating pump (7) and a high-temperature circulating pump (9) in a valley electric heating loop at valley electric heating time, automatically calculating and controlling heating power of a valley electric heater (8) by a processor according to the temperature T3 of oil-out heat conduction oil of a low-temperature oil tank (4), heating the heat conduction oil to the temperature T4 after heating by the valley electric heater (8), storing the heat conduction oil in the high-temperature oil tank (5), and stopping heating by the valley electric heater (8);
s3, when generating electricity and releasing heat, heat conduction oil flows out of the high-temperature oil tank (5), the oil inlet gas heat exchanger (2) heats compressed air in the gas storage (3), the temperature of the air entering the high-temperature compression expander (1) is increased, and the generated energy of the system is increased; the heat conduction oil after heat exchange flows into the low-temperature oil tank (4);
s4, when generating electricity and releasing heat, the photo-thermal oil tank (6) supplements heat for the low-temperature oil tank (4);
s4, the method comprises the following steps of:
s4.1, when the power generation and heat release are started, and the oil temperature T2 in the photo-thermal oil tank (6) is larger than the oil temperature T3 in the low-temperature oil tank (4), the controller starts the heat supplementing pump (12), and the heat conducting oil in the photo-thermal oil tank (6) enters the low-temperature oil tank (4) to supplement heat and participate in circulation;
s4.2, circulating and heating the heat conduction oil which flows back to the photo-thermal oil tank (6) through the photo-thermal heat collection device (10).
2. The all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: oil temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the low-temperature oil tank (4), the high-temperature oil tank (5) and the oil outlet of the low-temperature oil tank (4).
3. The all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: an oil temperature sensor is arranged in the photo-thermal oil tank (6).
4. An all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein: the processor respectively collects the oil temperature in the low-temperature oil tank (4), the high-temperature oil tank (5), the photo-thermal oil tank (6) and the oil temperature at the oil outlet of the low-temperature oil tank (4), and controls the heating power of the valley electric heater (8) and the opening and closing of the low-temperature circulating pump (7), the high-temperature circulating pump (9), the photo-thermal circulating pump (11) and the heat supplementing pump (12).
5. The all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: in S1, the light and heat collection time is 8:00-17:00.
6. The all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: in S2, the valley electrical heating time is 8 hours, and the time is 23:00-7:00.
7. The all-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: in S3, the power generation and heat release time is 7:00-23:00 of four hours in succession required by the schedule.
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| CN105352023A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 宋世海 | Secondary heat exchange and heat supply system having low-valley electrical heating energy storage |
| CN106016767A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-10-12 | 上海光热实业有限公司 | Gradient solar heat energy utilization system with energy storage function and use method thereof |
| CN106907203A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-06-30 | 三峡大学 | The air compressed energy-storage and generating integrated system of wind light mutual complementing |
| CN109654756B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-09-07 | 中国葛洲坝集团装备工业有限公司 | Molten salt heat storage system for solar photo-thermal power station and heat exchange method thereof |
| CN110057115A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-26 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | A kind of light, electricity complementary trough photovoltaic power generation system and its operation method |
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