CN109654756B - Molten salt heat storage system for solar photo-thermal power station and heat exchange method thereof - Google Patents
Molten salt heat storage system for solar photo-thermal power station and heat exchange method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109654756B CN109654756B CN201811622335.1A CN201811622335A CN109654756B CN 109654756 B CN109654756 B CN 109654756B CN 201811622335 A CN201811622335 A CN 201811622335A CN 109654756 B CN109654756 B CN 109654756B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention provides a molten salt heat storage system for a solar thermal power station, which comprises: the system comprises a high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1), a mixer (7), a preheater (4), a low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2), a mirror field (13) and a plurality of pipelines; according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the mixer is used for mixing the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank with the low-temperature molten salt at the outlet of the steam generator, so that the temperature of the molten salt entering the inlet of the preheater is increased, and the risk of freezing and blocking of the preheater caused by factors such as load adjustment and environment is reduced; under the working condition of night, the low-temperature molten salt flowing back from the mirror field pipeline is mixed with the high-temperature molten salt through the mixer, so that the temperature of the molten salt flowing into the mirror field pipeline is increased, the allowance of safe operation of the molten salt in a mirror field loop at night is increased, and the risk of frozen blockage of the molten salt in the mirror field loop is reduced. The technical scheme provided by the invention reduces the self-power consumption of the photo-thermal power plant for heat tracing and improves the economic benefit of the power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar photo-thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a molten salt heat storage system for a solar photo-thermal power station and a heat exchange method thereof.
Background
The solar high-temperature thermal power generation technology is an important direction for large-scale utilization of solar energy and has profound significance for solving the problems of fossil energy crisis, air pollution and the like of human beings. The working media adopted by the solar high-temperature thermal power generation include water vapor, fused salt, air, heat conduction oil, liquid metal, other heat conduction media and the like. Due to the fluctuation and discontinuity of solar illumination, a large-scale heat storage system is required in the solar photo-thermal power generation system to continuously and stably generate power. The fused salt has the characteristics of high use temperature, wide temperature range, good flow characteristic, large heat capacity and the like, can just make up the problem of unstable solar illumination when being applied to a heat storage system as a heat storage working medium, and is the most widely applied solar heat storage working medium at present.
The traditional solar trough type photo-thermal power generation system is limited by the safe use temperature of heat conduction oil, so that the working temperature of the system cannot exceed 400 ℃, and the overall operation efficiency of the system is influenced; in actual operation, due to the influence of external environment temperature or the requirement of power grid load change scheduling, a steam generator is often deviated from a designed working condition point to operate, the fused salt outlet temperature of a steam-water side preheater is easily too low, and the preheater has the risk of freezing and blocking; when the molten salt storage tank operates at night, due to the influence of factors such as external environment temperature, the temperature of the molten salt flowing out of the low-temperature molten salt storage tank is too low in the mirror field loop, and freezing and blocking accidents are easy to happen.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the molten salt heat storage system for the solar thermal power station and the heat exchange method thereof, the system utilizes the mixer to mix the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank with the low-temperature molten salt at the outlet of the steam generator, so that the temperature of the molten salt entering the inlet of the preheater is improved, and the risk of freezing and blocking of the preheater caused by factors such as load adjustment and environment is reduced; under the working condition of night, the low-temperature molten salt flowing back from the mirror field pipeline is mixed with the high-temperature molten salt through the mixer, so that the temperature of the molten salt flowing into the mirror field pipeline is increased, the allowance of safe operation of the molten salt in a mirror field loop at night is increased, and the risk of frozen blockage of the molten salt in the mirror field loop is reduced.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
in a molten salt heat storage system for a solar thermal power plant, the improvement comprising: the system comprises a high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1, a mixer 7, a preheater 4, a low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2, a mirror field 13 and a plurality of pipelines;
the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2, the mirror field 13, the mixer 7 and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 are sequentially connected by pipelines; the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1, the mixer 7, the preheater 4 and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 are sequentially connected by pipelines;
the mixer 7 is used for mixing the molten salt entering the mixer 7 from the mirror field 13 and the molten salt entering the mixer 7 from the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1.
Preferably, the molten salt heat storage system further comprises: a plurality of control valves; the valves are all isolation valves.
Preferably, the control valve includes: a first valve 9, a second valve 10, a third valve 11 and a fourth valve 12;
the mirror field 13 is also connected with the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1 through a pipeline, and the first valve 9 is arranged on the pipeline between the mirror field 13 and the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1;
the second valve 10 is arranged on the pipeline between the mirror field 13 and the mixer 7;
the third valve 11 is arranged on a pipeline between the mixer 7 and the mirror field 13;
the fourth valve 12 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1 and the mixer 7;
the fourth valve 12 is always open.
Preferably, when the first valve 9 is closed, the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 are opened;
the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 is connected with the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 sequentially through a mirror field 13, a second valve 10, a mixer 7, a third valve 11 to form a first loop.
The high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1, the superheater 6, the evaporator 5, the mixer 7, the preheater 4 and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a second loop;
preferably, an evaporator 5 and a superheater 6 are also included;
the mixer 7 is also connected with the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1 through an evaporator 5 and a superheater 6;
the first valve 9 is opened, and the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 are closed;
the mirror field 13, the first valve 9, the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1, the superheater 6, the evaporator 5, the mixer 7, the preheater 4, the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 and the mirror field 13 are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a third loop;
the first loop, the second loop and the third loop are all used for molten salt to circulate.
Preferably, the preheater 4, the evaporator 5 and the superheater 6 are connected in sequence by pipelines to form a fourth loop; the fourth loop is used for circulating water working media;
the preheater 4 is used for carrying out heat exchange between a water working medium and the molten salt;
the evaporator 5 is used for heating the water working medium through the molten salt to generate steam;
the superheater 6 is used to reheat the steam by the molten salt.
Preferably, said fourth circuit further comprises a low-pressure heater 3 and a steam turbine 8; the superheater 6 is connected with the preheater 4 through a steam turbine 8 and the low-pressure heater 3.
Preferably, the tank tops of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1 and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 are provided with molten salt pumps.
Preferably, the molten salt pump is a submerged molten salt pump.
Preferably, the method is used for the molten salt heat storage system of the solar photothermal power station, and comprises the following steps:
when the device runs at night, the high-temperature molten salt stored in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1 and the low-temperature molten salt from the mirror field 13 are mixed in the mixer 7, heated and then enter the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 through the preheater 4 or directly enter the preheater 11 and then return to the mixer 13.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
when the solar energy water heater operates in daytime, high-temperature molten salt from the mirror field 13 enters the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1 and then flows through the superheater 6 and the evaporator 5;
the high-temperature molten salt exchanges heat with steam in the superheater 6, the high-temperature molten salt is cooled for the first time, then water in the evaporator 5 is heated into steam, and the high-temperature molten salt is cooled for the second time to obtain medium-low temperature molten salt;
the medium and low temperature molten salt and the high temperature molten salt directly from the high temperature molten salt storage tank 1 are mixed in a mixer 7; then flows into the mirror field 13 after being cooled for the third time by the preheater 4.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
during night operation, the first valve 9 is closed; during daytime operation, the first valve 9 is open.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the technical scheme provided by the invention comprises the following steps: the system comprises a high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1, a preheater 4, a mixer 7, a low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2, a mirror field 13 and a plurality of pipelines for mutual connection; the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2, the mirror field 13, the mixer 7 and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2 are sequentially connected to form a first loop; the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2, the preheater 4, the mixer 7 and the high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1 are connected in sequence; the mixer 7 is used for mixing low-temperature molten salt and high-temperature molten salt. Mix high temperature fused salt and low temperature fused salt through the blender, improved the fused salt temperature who gets into pre-heater and mirror field to the risk that pre-heater and mirror field freeze stifled has been reduced.
2 when the preheater runs in the daytime or at night, the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank is mixed with the low-temperature molten salt at the outlet of the steam generator by using the mixer, so that the temperature of the molten salt entering the inlet of the preheater is increased, and the risk of freezing and blocking the preheater caused by factors such as load adjustment and environment is reduced.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, under the working condition of night, the low-temperature molten salt flowing back from the mirror field pipeline is mixed with the high-temperature molten salt through the mixer, so that the temperature of the molten salt flowing into the mirror field pipeline is increased, the allowance of safe operation of the molten salt in the mirror field loop at night is increased, and the risk of freezing and blocking of the molten salt in the mirror field loop is reduced.
4, the technical scheme provided by the invention reduces the self-power consumption of the photo-thermal power plant for heat tracing and improves the economic benefit of the power plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-high temperature molten salt storage tank, 2-low temperature molten salt storage tank, 3-low pressure heater, 4-preheater, 5-steam generator, 6-superheater, 7-mixer, 8-steam turbine, 9-first valve, 10-second valve, 11-third valve, 12-fourth valve and 13-mirror field.
Detailed Description
The low-pressure heater 3, the preheater 4, the evaporator 5, the superheater 6, pipelines among all devices, valves and instruments form a main steam-water loop, and water working medium is heated by molten salt through the steam-water pipelines in sequence to become superheated steam which enters the steam turbine 8 to do work and generate power.
The high-temperature molten salt storage tank 1, the low-temperature molten salt storage tank 2, the molten salt pump, the mixer 7, and pipelines, valves and instruments among all the devices form a main molten salt loop. When the molten salt storage tank is operated in the daytime, the first valves 9 and 12 are opened, the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 are closed, the molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank is pressurized and conveyed to the heater and the steam generator through the submerged molten salt pump on the top of the tank, then the molten salt and the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank are mixed in the mixer for heating, and then the molten salt sequentially flows through the preheater, the low-temperature molten salt storage tank and the mirror field loop. When the solar energy mirror field runs at night, the first valve 9 is closed, the second valve 10, the third valve 11 and the fourth valve 12 are opened, molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank is pressurized and conveyed to the superheater and the steam generator through the submerged molten salt pump on the top of the tank, then mixed with the molten salt from the high-temperature molten salt storage tank in the mixer to be heated, and then flows through the preheater and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank in sequence, solar energy cannot be absorbed by a mirror field loop at night, and the low-temperature molten salt flowing back from a mirror field pipeline is mixed with the high-temperature molten salt through the mixer to be heated and then flows back to the mirror field so as to maintain the circulation of the molten salt in the mirror field loop.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A molten salt heat storage system for a solar photothermal power station, comprising: the system comprises a high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1), a mixer (7), a preheater (4), a low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2), a mirror field (13) and a plurality of pipelines;
the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2), the mirror field (13), the mixer (7) and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) are sequentially connected through pipelines; the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1), the mixer (7), the preheater (4) and the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the mixer (7) is used for mixing the molten salt entering the mixer (7) from the mirror field (13) and the molten salt entering the mixer (7) from the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1);
the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1), the superheater (6), the evaporator (5), the mixer (7), the preheater (4), the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2), the mirror field (13) and the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1) are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a second circulation loop;
the molten salt heat storage system further comprises: a plurality of control valves; the valves are all isolation valves;
the control valve includes: a first valve (9), a second valve (10), a third valve (11) and a fourth valve (12);
when the first valve (9) is closed, the second valve (10) and the third valve (11) are opened;
the outlet side of the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) is provided with a three-way pipeline, and a first circulation loop is formed by a mirror field (13), a second valve (10), a mixer (7), a third valve (11), the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) and the mirror field (13) which are sequentially connected in the direction from the outlet to the inlet of the three-way pipeline;
an inlet three-way pipeline and an outlet three-way pipeline are respectively arranged at the inlet side and the outlet side of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1); a second circulation loop is formed by a mixer (7), an inlet and an outlet of the tee pipe arranged on the outlet side of the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) and a mirror field (13) which are sequentially arranged in the direction from one outlet of the outlet side tee pipe to the inlet of the inlet tee pipe;
the other outlet of the three-way pipeline on the outlet side of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1) is connected with the inlet of the three-way pipeline on the inlet side in sequence through a superheater (6), an evaporator (5), a mixer (7), a preheater (4), a low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2), the inlet and the outlet of the three-way pipeline on the outlet side of the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) and a mirror field (13) to form a third circulation loop;
a steam turbine (8) and a low-pressure heater (3) which are connected in sequence by a pipeline in the direction from the other outlet side of the superheater (6) to the other inlet side of the preheater (4); the preheater (4), the evaporator (5), the superheater (6), the steam turbine (8), the low-pressure heater (3) and the preheater (4) form a fourth circulation loop;
when the device runs at night, the high-temperature molten salt stored in the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1) and the low-temperature molten salt from the mirror field (13) are mixed in the mixer (7) to be heated, and then respectively enter the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) through the preheater (4) or directly enter the third valve (11) and then return to the mirror field (13);
when the solar energy water heater operates in daytime, high-temperature molten salt from a mirror field (13) enters a high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1) and then flows through a superheater (6) and an evaporator (5);
the high-temperature molten salt exchanges heat with steam in the superheater (6), the high-temperature molten salt is cooled for the first time, then water in the evaporator (5) is heated into steam, and the high-temperature molten salt is cooled for the second time to obtain medium-low temperature molten salt;
the medium and low temperature molten salt and the high temperature molten salt directly from the high temperature molten salt storage tank (1) are mixed in a mixer (7); then flows into the mirror field (13) after being cooled for the third time by the preheater (4).
2. The molten salt heat storage system for a solar photothermal power station of claim 1,
the mirror field (13) is also connected with the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1) through a pipeline, and the first valve (9) is arranged on the pipeline between the mirror field (13) and the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1);
the second valve (10) is arranged on a pipeline between the mirror field (13) and the mixer (7); the third valve (11) is arranged on a pipeline between the mixer (7) and the mirror field (13);
the fourth valve (12) is arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1) and the mixer (7);
the fourth valve (12) is always in an open state.
3. The molten salt heat storage system for a solar photothermal power station of claim 1,
valves are respectively arranged on two outlet pipelines of the three-way pipeline on the inlet side of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank (1) and the three-way pipeline connected with the outlet side pipeline connected with the inlet of the mixer (7);
and a valve is arranged on an inlet of the three-way pipeline, which is arranged on the outlet side of the low-temperature molten salt storage tank (2) and connected with the outlet side of the mixer (7).
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| CN110057115A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-26 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | A kind of light, electricity complementary trough photovoltaic power generation system and its operation method |
| CN111911893A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-10 | 华北电力大学 | Tower type fused salt photo-thermal power station steam generator system with bypass |
| CN110374813A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-25 | 青海格尔木鲁能新能源有限公司 | A kind of wind-powered electricity generation-photovoltaic-heat accumulation combined generating system |
| CN111425849B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2022-02-08 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Peak-shaving pulverized coal boiler with double-layer clean energy and pulverized coal coupled |
| CN113669932B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-01-30 | 辽宁青碳环保科技有限公司 | Multi-space interaction high-temperature tin heat conduction device |
| CN115854565B (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-05-19 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | All-weather photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system and method |
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| WO2012107811A2 (en) * | 2011-02-08 | 2012-08-16 | Brightsource Industries (Israel) Ltd. | Solar energy storage system including three or more reservoirs |
| US20130111902A1 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-05-09 | Mansour Maleki-Ardebili | Solar power system and method of operating a solar power system |
| CN204186541U (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-04 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院工程有限公司 | Fuse salt heat-accumulation solar heat generating system |
| CN205690714U (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏双良低碳产业技术研究院有限公司 | Solar light-heat power-generation heat storage and exchange system |
| CN107191343B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2023-02-07 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Full-load molten salt steam generation system and control method thereof |
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