CN115852772A - Ecological cork paving material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ecological cork paving material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115852772A CN115852772A CN202211540856.9A CN202211540856A CN115852772A CN 115852772 A CN115852772 A CN 115852772A CN 202211540856 A CN202211540856 A CN 202211540856A CN 115852772 A CN115852772 A CN 115852772A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecotype-based cork paving material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the cork paving material is obtained by processing cork particles and then treating the processed cork particles by using an adhesive, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out heat treatment on the cork particles; preparing an adhesive; when in use, the cork particles and the adhesive are mixed to obtain the cork paving material. The cork paving material has higher weather resistance, hydrolysis resistance and cohesiveness; the pavement paved by the cork paving material has higher stability, weather resistance, water permeability and hydrolysis resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering, in particular to an ecotype-based cork paving material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Most of the existing road paving materials are prepared by mixing plastic particles, silica sand and adhesive in a certain proportion, uniformly forming the paving materials, and then paving on the surface of asphalt or concrete. The construction time is long, and dust and stink of plastic particles are easily generated in the construction process.
To eliminate these problems, the use of cork granules for constructing environmentally friendly roads has recently emerged. Patent CN110983912a discloses a preparation method of a cork prepolymer, an application thereof and a construction method of a cork ground, wherein cork particles are prepared from cork or oak bark, the cork particles are treated to obtain the cork prepolymer, and polyurethane is fully coated on the surface of the cork prepolymer, so that the hardness and the impact strength of cork can be improved. However, the polyurethane has the problems of aging and low-temperature cracking, and meanwhile, the molecular segment of the polyurethane can generate hydrolysis reaction with water, so that the polyurethane chain segment is broken to generate carboxyl, the carboxyl has a promoting effect on polyester hydrolysis, the continuous hydrolysis reaction of the polyurethane is aggravated, and the mechanical property of the polyurethane is rapidly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of an ecotype-based cork paving material, and the cork paving material has higher weather resistance, hydrolysis resistance and cohesiveness; the pavement paved by the cork paving material has higher stability, weather resistance, water permeability and hydrolysis resistance.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme:
the ecological cork paving material comprises a cork paving base layer material and a cork paving surface layer material, wherein the preparation raw materials of the cork paving base layer material and the cork paving surface layer material comprise cork particles and an adhesive, and the preparation raw materials of the adhesive comprise organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, a hydrolysis stabilizer and an antioxidant.
Further, the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90-70 parts of organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, 3-8 parts of epoxy resin, 0.5-1.5 parts of hydrolysis stabilizer and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant.
Further, the preparation method of the organic silicon modified polyurethane comprises the following steps: adding polyether into diisocyanate, heating to 70-90 ℃, reacting for 0.5-1.5h, adding organic silicon, and continuing to react for 2h to obtain the organic silicon modified polyurethane.
Further, the adding amount of the polyether is 220-300 parts, the adding amount of the diisocyanate is 80-100 parts, and the adding amount of the organic silicon is 10-15 parts; the polyether is prepared by dehydrating polyester dihydric alcohol or polyester trihydric alcohol at 110-130 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.1 MPa, the diisocyanate is one of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, and the organosilicon is one or a mixture of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH-560, silane coupling agent KH-570 or silane coupling agent A-150.
Further, the epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin;
the hydrolysis stabilizer is polycarbodiimide;
the antioxidant is one or a mixture of 1010 antioxidant and 1076 antioxidant.
Further, in the raw materials for preparing the cork paving base layer material, the weight ratio of the cork particles to the adhesive is (3-6): 1;
further, in the raw materials for preparing the cork paving surface layer material, the weight ratio of the cork particles to the adhesive is (2-4): 1.
the preparation method of the ecotype-based cork paving material comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out heat treatment on cork particles;
s2, preparing an adhesive: adding the organic silicon modified polyurethane and the epoxy resin into a high-speed mixer, stirring and mixing for 1.5-2.5h at 25 ℃, continuously adding the hydrolysis stabilizer and the antioxidant, and stirring and mixing for 0.5-1h to obtain the adhesive;
s3, mixing the cork particles and the adhesive according to the weight ratio of (3.5-3.8): 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a cork paving base material;
s4, mixing the cork particles and the adhesive in a weight ratio of (2.8-3.2): 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the cork paving surface layer material.
Further, the heat treatment in the step S1 is normal pressure drying, vacuum drying or high temperature steam drying, the heat treatment temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the moisture of the cork particles after heat treatment is less than 0.5%.
The application of the ecological-based cork paving material comprises the following steps:
paving a cork paving base layer material on a base pavement, flattening and compacting the cork paving base layer material by using leveling equipment to form the cork paving base layer material, wherein the paving thickness is 2-3cm, and after the completion of pressing, waiting for 4-6h for hardening to obtain a ground cork base layer;
and (2) paving the cork paving surface layer material on the ground cork base layer, flattening and compacting the cork paving surface layer material by using flattening equipment to form, wherein the thickness of the pressed surface layer is 0.5-1.5cm, and hardening for 4-6 hours to obtain the cork ground.
Further, in step S1, after the cork particles are dried, moisture is measured by using a near-infrared moisture meter, and the light source is an LED light source, which has the following specific parameters:
the diameter D =9mm of the LED light source, the height S =50mm of the light source from the cork wood, the exit angle alpha =6 DEG of the light source, and the diameter of the light spot is as follows:
M＝2×S×tanα+D
the individual spot diameter was 19.51mm as calculated by the above equation. According to the fact that the photoelectric detector is 110mm away from the light source and the condenser lens is 50mm away from the photoelectric detector, when the height of the condenser lens is reached through reflection according to geometrical optics calculation, the reflection light spot is circular, and the diameter of the reflection light spot is approximately 63.65mm. The diameter of the collection mirror should be at least 63.65mm to receive all the reflected light.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the cork consists of a plurality of flat cells arranged in a radiation mode, resin and tannin compounds are often contained in the cell cavities, and the cells are filled with air, so that the cork has very good elasticity, heat insulation, sound insulation and friction resistance, and is light, soft, nontoxic, tasteless and difficult to catch fire. The soft and wear-resistant cork paving material has soft and wear-resistant pavement, and can provide great buffering effect for the old and children falling down accidentally.
2. The adhesive taking the organic silicon modified polyurethane as the main body perfectly solves the problems of peculiar smell, heavy metals and environmental hormones in the traditional rubber paving product. The organosilicon modified polyurethane can be cured at normal temperature and mutually permeate with the cork particles to form an elastic reticular structure which takes the cork particles as a continuous phase and the organosilicon modified polyurethane as a dispersed phase, so that the cohesiveness of the adhesive is improved, and the weather resistance and the water permeability of the cork paved road surface are enhanced. A small amount of epoxy resin is added into the adhesive, so that the cohesiveness and the shock resistance of the adhesive can be improved. The addition of the hydrolysis stabilizer solves the problem that the polyurethane molecule segment can generate hydrolysis reaction with water, N = C = N in the polycarbodiimide can react with carboxylic acid to form ureide, a certain reinforcing effect is generated on polyurethane, the promotion effect of carboxyl on hydrolysis is inhibited, and the hydrolysis resistance of the adhesive is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The cork paving material is obtained by processing cork particles and then treating the processed cork particles by using an adhesive, and comprises a cork paving base layer material and a cork paving surface layer material.
Wherein the cork granule is made from oak bark.
The adhesive comprises organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, hydrolysis stabilizer and antioxidant.
In the present invention, the raw materials used in the examples are specifically as follows:
the preparation method of the organic silicon modified polyurethane resin comprises the following steps: dehydrating polyester trihydric alcohol at 130 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa to obtain polyether, adding 260 parts of polyether into 80 parts of isophorone diisocyanate, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1h, adding 15 parts of silane coupling agent KH550, and continuously reacting for 2h to obtain organic silicon modified polyurethane;
the epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin;
the hydrolysis stabilizer is polycarbodiimide;
the antioxidant is 1010 antioxidant.
Example 1
Preparing the cork paving material:
s1, carrying out heat treatment on cork particles: drying under normal pressure, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 120 ℃, and the moisture content of the dried cork particles is less than 0.5%;
s2, preparing an adhesive:
the adhesive comprises 92.5 parts of organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, 6 parts of epoxy resin, 1 part of hydrolytic stabilizer and 0.5 part of antioxidant,
adding the organic silicon modified polyurethane resin and the bisphenol A epoxy resin into a high-speed mixer, stirring and mixing for 2.5 hours at 25 ℃, adding polycarbodiimide and 1010 antioxidant, and continuously stirring and mixing for 0.5 hour to obtain an adhesive;
s3, mixing the cork particles and the adhesive according to a weight ratio of 3.6:1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a cork paving base material;
s4, mixing the cork particles and the adhesive according to a weight ratio of 3.0:1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the cork paving surface layer material.
The use method of the cork paving material comprises the following steps:
paving the cork paving base layer material on a base pavement, flattening and compacting the cork paving base layer material by using leveling equipment to form the cork paving base layer material, wherein the paving thickness is 2-3cm, and after the pressing is finished, waiting for 6h for hardening to obtain a ground cork base layer;
and (2) paving the cork paving surface layer material on the ground cork base layer, flattening and compacting the cork paving surface layer material by using flattening equipment to form, wherein the thickness of the pressed surface layer is 0.5-1.5cm, and waiting for 6h for hardening to obtain the cork ground.
Example 2
The adhesive is different from the embodiment 1 in that the adhesive comprises 93 parts of organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, 6 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of polycarbodiimide and 0.5 part of 1010 antioxidant, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The adhesive is different from the adhesive in the embodiment 1 in that the adhesive comprises 92 parts of organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, 6 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 1.5 parts of polycarbodiimide and 0.5 part of 1010 antioxidant, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The adhesive is different from the adhesive in the embodiment 1 in that the adhesive comprises 94.5 parts of organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 1 part of polycarbodiimide and 0.5 part of 1010 antioxidant, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
The adhesive is the same as example 1 except that the adhesive is a silicone-modified polyurethane resin in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The adhesive was the same as in example 1 except that 98.5 parts of an adhesive silicone-modified polyurethane resin, 1 part of a hydrolysis stabilizer and 0.5 part of an antioxidant were used in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The adhesive was 93.5 parts of silicone-modified urethane resin, 6 parts of epoxy resin, and 0.5 part of antioxidant, which were different from example 1, and the remainder was the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4
The adhesive is the same as in example 1 except that 88.5 parts of adhesive silicone modified polyurethane resin, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 1 part of hydrolysis stabilizer and 0.5 part of antioxidant are used in example 1.
Comparative example 5
The adhesive was the same as in example 1 except that 90.5 parts of an adhesive silicone-modified polyurethane resin, 6 parts of an epoxy resin, 3 parts of a hydrolysis stabilizer and 0.5 part of an antioxidant were used in example 1.
Comparative example 6
The difference from the example 1 is that the adhesive is a one-component polyurethane resin, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Test example 1
The performance tests were carried out on the pavements paved by the cork paving materials of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-7, and the elongation at break, tensile strength, skid resistance and impact absorption were tested according to GB 36246-2018; the abrasion resistance was tested according to GB/T1768-2006 with the results shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Test example 2
The weathering resistance tests were carried out on the pavements of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-7 paved with cork paving material: xenon lamp irradiation test was carried out according to GB/T1644.2.2-2014 under the experimental conditions of method A and cycle number 1, and the elongation at break and tensile strength were tested after 500 hours of the test, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Test example 3
The hydrolysis resistance tests carried out on the pavements paved with the cork paving materials of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-7 have the following results, shown in table 3, and the specific methods are as follows:
immersion marshall stability ratio: two sets of pavement samples were stored at 60 deg.CIn the water tank, the heat preservation time of the group 1 samples is 40min, and the Marshall stability MS of the samples is tested 1 (ii) a Group 2 samples were incubated for 48 hours and tested for Marshall stability MS 2 (ii) a The Marshall stability ratio of water immersion is Marshall stability MS 2 And Marshall stability MS 1 The ratio of (a) to (b).
Dipping and flying test: the pavement sample is stored in a water tank at 60 ℃ for 48h, then is taken out and stored at normal temperature for 24h, and finally is scattered in a los Angeles abrasion machine for 300r, and the water stability of the sample is represented by the mass ratio before and after the sample test.
TABLE 3
| Group of | Immersion Marshall stability ratio (%) | Percentage of dipping splash loss (%) |
| Example 1 | 91.2 | 1.93 |
| Example 2 | 90.8 | 2.26 |
| Example 3 | 92.4 | 1.81 |
| Example 4 | 91.6 | 1.89 |
| Comparative example 1 | 84.9 | 5.13 |
| Comparative example 2 | 91.0 | 2.08 |
| Comparative example 3 | 84.6 | 4.54 |
| Comparative example 4 | 92.1 | 1.93 |
| Comparative example 5 | 92.8 | 1.59 |
| Comparative example 6 | 83.4 | 5.81 |
As can be seen from the results in tables 1-3, the cork based paving materials used in examples 1-4 all have superior stability, weatherability and hydrolysis resistance.
The results in table 1 show that the adhesive in comparative example 1 is 100% silicone modified polyurethane resin, and the basic performance of the pavement sample is significantly higher than that of the pavement sample in comparative example 6, which is 100% single-component polyurethane resin, which indicates that the adhesive selects silicone modified polyurethane resin as the main component, and can significantly improve the stability of the cork paving material paved pavement.
As is evident from examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1, 2, and 5, the addition of the hydrolysis stabilizer resulted in an increase in the proportion of the Marshall stability in water immersion and a decrease in the rate of water loss in water immersion on the surface of the pavement using the cork pavement (Table 3), indicating that the addition of the hydrolysis stabilizer improves the hydrolysis resistance of the adhesive. With the increase of the addition of the hydrolytic stabilizer, the tensile strength (table 1) of the pavement paved by the cork paving material is obviously reduced, and other properties are all reduced, so the addition range of the hydrolytic stabilizer is 0.5-1.5%.
As can be seen from examples 1 and 4 and comparative examples 1, 3 and 4, the addition of the epoxy resin improves the impact resistance of the pavement using the cork flooring (table 1), because the addition of the epoxy resin improves the shock resistance of the adhesive. However, as the amount of the epoxy resin is increased, the amount of the silicone modified polyurethane resin is decreased, and the weather resistance (table 2) of the pavement paved by the cork paving material is obviously decreased, so that the amount of the epoxy resin should be not more than 8%.
In one embodiment, in the step S1 of preparing the cork paving material, after drying the cork particles, the moisture is measured by using a near-infrared moisture meter, and the light source is an LED light source, and the specific parameters are as follows:
the diameter D =9mm of the LED light source, the height S =50mm of the light source from the cork wood, the emergent angle alpha =6 degrees of the light source, and the diameter of the light spot is as follows:
M＝2×S×tanα+D
the individual spot diameter was 19.51mm as calculated by the above equation. According to the fact that the photoelectric detector is 110mm away from the light source and the condenser lens is 50mm away from the photoelectric detector, when the light is reflected to the height of the condenser lens according to geometrical optical calculation, the reflected light spot is circular, and the diameter of the reflected light spot is approximately 63.65mm. The diameter of the collection mirror should be at least 63.65mm to receive all the reflected light.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the adoption of the LED light source reduces the light source emergence angle, reduces light spots, improves the detection precision, and can select the proper size of the condensing lens more quickly through the formula of the invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention, and it should be understood that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological-based cork paving material is characterized by comprising a cork paving base layer material and a cork paving surface layer material, wherein the cork paving base layer material and the cork paving surface layer material are prepared from raw materials including cork particles and an adhesive, and the adhesive is prepared from raw materials including organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, a hydrolysis stabilizer and an antioxidant.
2. A cork paving material according to claim 1, characterized in that said adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90-70 parts of organic silicon modified polyurethane resin, 3-8 parts of epoxy resin, 0.5-1.5 parts of hydrolysis stabilizer and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant.
3. A cork paving material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said silicone modified polyurethane is prepared by the method comprising: adding polyether into diisocyanate, heating to 70-90 ℃, reacting for 0.5-1.5h, adding organic silicon, and continuing to react for 2h to obtain the organic silicon modified polyurethane.
4. The cork paving material according to claim 3, characterized in that the polyether is added in an amount of 220-300 parts, the diisocyanate is added in an amount of 80-100 parts, and the silicone is added in an amount of 10-15 parts; the polyether is prepared by dehydrating polyester dihydric alcohol or polyester trihydric alcohol at 110-130 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.08-0.1 MPa, the diisocyanate is one of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, and the organosilicon is one or a mixture of silane coupling agent KH550, silane coupling agent KH-560, silane coupling agent KH-570 or silane coupling agent A-150.
5. The method for preparing a cork paving material according to claim 3, wherein the epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin;
the hydrolysis stabilizer is polycarbodiimide;
the antioxidant is one or the mixture of 1010 antioxidant and 1076 antioxidant.
6. The cork paving material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cork particles and the adhesive are prepared from raw materials in a weight ratio of (3-6): 1.
7. the cork paving material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cork granules and the adhesive are prepared from raw materials in a weight ratio of (2-4): 1.
8. a method for the preparation of ecotype-based cork paving according to claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out heat treatment on cork particles;
s2, preparing an adhesive: adding the organic silicon modified polyurethane and the epoxy resin into a high-speed mixer, stirring and mixing for 1.5-2.5h at 25 ℃, continuously adding the hydrolysis stabilizer and the antioxidant, and stirring and mixing for 0.5-1h to obtain the adhesive;
s3, mixing the cork particles and the adhesive according to the weight ratio of (3.5-3.8): 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a cork paving base material;
s4, mixing the cork particles and the adhesive in a weight ratio of (2.8-3.2): 1, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the cork paving surface layer material.
9. The method for preparing a cork paving material according to claim 8, wherein the heat treatment in step S1 is normal pressure drying, vacuum drying or high temperature steam drying, the heat treatment temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the moisture content of the cork granules after heat treatment is less than 0.5%.
10. Use of ecotype-based cork paving according to claims 1-9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
paving a cork paving base layer material on a base pavement, flattening and compacting the cork paving base layer material by using leveling equipment to form the cork paving base layer material, wherein the paving thickness is 2-3cm, and after the completion of pressing, waiting for 4-6h for hardening to obtain a ground cork base layer;
and (2) paving the cork paving surface layer material on the cork base layer, flattening and compacting the cork paving surface layer material by using flattening equipment to form, wherein the thickness of the pressed surface layer is 0.5-1.5cm, and waiting for 4-6h for hardening to obtain the cork ground.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117185743A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-12-08 | 海南瑞宸新型建材有限公司 | Light energy-saving mortar for rural self-building house and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117185743A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-12-08 | 海南瑞宸新型建材有限公司 | Light energy-saving mortar for rural self-building house and preparation method thereof |
| CN117185743B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2024-03-08 | 海南瑞宸新型建材有限公司 | Light energy-saving mortar for rural self-building house and preparation method thereof |
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