CN115849935A - Preparation method of coal gangue based high-strength ceramsite - Google Patents
Preparation method of coal gangue based high-strength ceramsite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of coal gangue based high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following steps: carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum; mixing crushed and ground coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum according to a preset proportion to form a pelletizing raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the coal gangue is 70-90%, the mass ratio of the steel slag is 0-15%, and the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum is 5-20%; mixing the pelletizing raw material with water according to a preset proportion; pelletizing the pelletizing raw material mixed with water to form green pellets; and drying and roasting the green pellets to form ceramsite. The invention can solve the problems of various formulas, low coal gangue mixing amount, poor performance of the finished ceramsite and difficult industrial application in the prior art for preparing the ceramsite by utilizing the solid waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue solid waste disposal and recycling, in particular to a preparation method of coal gangue-based high-strength ceramsite.
Background
In the prior art, part of ceramsite is low in solid waste mixing amount, clay or kaolinite is still used as a main raw material, and large-scale solid waste comprehensive utilization is not realized; meanwhile, the produced ceramsite has high bulk density or the cylinder pressure strength can not meet the requirements of light weight and high strength. In addition, the auxiliary agent and the foaming agent used in the preparation process of some patents have higher equivalent lattices, and are not beneficial to industrial popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a preparation method of coal gangue-based high-strength ceramsite, so as to solve the problems of various formulation types, low coal gangue content, poor performance of ceramsite finished products, and difficult industrial application in the prior art of preparing ceramsite by using solid wastes.
The invention provides a preparation method of coal gangue based high-strength ceramsite, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum;
mixing the crushed and ground coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum according to a preset proportion to form a pelletizing raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the coal gangue is 70-90%, the mass ratio of the steel slag is 0-15%, and the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum is 5-20%;
mixing the pelletizing raw material with water according to a preset proportion;
pelletizing the pelletizing raw material mixed with water to form green pellets;
and drying and roasting the green pellets to form ceramsite.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that the coal gangue, the steel slag, the phosphogypsum or the desulfurized gypsum are crushed by a jaw crusher to generate crushed materials, and the particle size of the crushed materials is less than 5mm.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that the ball milling treatment is carried out on the crushed material through a ball mill to generate a ground material; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the ground materials comprise coal gangue powder, steel slag powder, phosphogypsum powder or desulfurized gypsum powder,
the ball milling time is 30-45min, and the particle size of the ground material is 80 μm.
In addition, it is preferable that, in the process of forming the pelletizing raw material,
and mixing and stirring the coal gangue powder, the steel slag powder, the phosphogypsum powder or the desulfurized gypsum powder according to a preset proportion by using a stirrer, wherein the stirring time is 20-30min.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that the proportion of the pelletizing raw material is 85% -92%, and the proportion of the water is 8% -15%.
In addition, it is preferable that the pelletizing material mixed with water is pelletized by a pelletizer, which is a disk pelletizer.
In addition, it is preferable that the particle diameter of the green pellets is 5 to 20mm.
In addition, it is preferable that, during the drying of the green pellets,
putting the green pellets into an air-blast drying oven for constant-temperature drying to remove water in the green pellets; wherein the drying temperature is 105-110 ℃, and the drying time is 4-6h.
In addition, it is preferable that, in the step of firing the dried green pellets,
placing the dried green pellets into a rotary kiln for roasting to generate high-strength ceramsite; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the roasting temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-120min.
From the above technical scheme, the preparation method of the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite provided by the invention can obtain the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1) The invention adopts solid wastes, has low cost of raw materials, improves economic benefits and can play a role in energy conservation and emission reduction;
2) By adopting the preparation method, the preheating process of the traditional ceramsite preparation is reduced, the traditional process flow can be shortened, and the process is relatively simple;
3) The preparation method has a large temperature regulation and control range and strong adaptability to equipment.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the invention comprise the features hereinafter fully described. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the invention. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Further, the present invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.
Drawings
Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and as the invention is more fully understood. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to an embodiment of the invention.
The same reference numbers in all figures indicate similar or corresponding features or functions.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident, however, that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing one or more embodiments.
Aiming at the problems of various formula types, low coal gangue mixing amount, poor performance of a finished ceramsite product and difficult industrial application in the prior art of preparing the ceramsite by utilizing solid wastes, the invention provides a preparation method of the post-coal gangue based high-strength ceramsite.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to illustrate the preparation method of the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite provided by the invention, fig. 1 shows a flow of the preparation method of the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the preparation method of the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s110: carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum;
s120: mixing crushed and ground coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum according to a preset proportion to form a pelletizing raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the coal gangue is 70-90%, the mass ratio of the steel slag is 0-15%, and the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum is 5-20%;
s130: mixing the pelletizing raw material with water according to a preset proportion;
s140: pelletizing the pelletizing raw material mixed with water to form green pellets;
s150: and drying and roasting the green pellets to form ceramsite.
In the embodiment of the invention, coal gangue, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum or phosphogypsum are ground and homogenized, then the materials are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the mixed raw material powder is homogenized, granulated, dried, roasted, cooled and the like to prepare the ceramsite with various performance indexes meeting the standard requirement of high-strength ceramsite. The raw materials of the invention are all solid wastes with larger stockpiling amount at present, and the prepared ceramsite has the excellent characteristics of light weight and high strength, and the stockpiling density is as low as 616.28kg/cm 3 The cylinder pressure strength is as high as 10.11Mpa, the preparation process is simple, the cost of raw materials is low, and the method has good economic benefit and environmental benefit and is suitable for large-scale industrial popularization and application.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ceramsite is prepared and regulated mainly through four aspects, specifically: 1) In the grinding process, the materials are respectively ball-milled by a ball mill to prepare coal gangue powder, steel slag powder, phosphogypsum powder and desulfurized gypsum powder with certain granularity; 2) Mixing and pelletizing, namely mixing and homogenizing raw material powder according to a certain proportion, and then adding water according to a certain proportion to prepare green pellets; 3) In the drying process, the prepared green pellets are placed in a drying oven for drying, so that the moisture in the green pellets is removed, and the cracking of the green pellets caused by excessive moisture in roasting is avoided; 4) In the roasting process, the dried ceramsite is heated to a certain temperature and is kept for a certain time to prepare the high-strength ceramsite, which is the most key link for controlling the process.
In step S110, the coal gangue, the steel slag, the phosphogypsum or the desulfurized gypsum are crushed and ground to a suitable fineness to meet the requirement of the granularity required by the mixed material pelletizing operation, and preferably, the particle size of the ground material is 80 μm, and the screen residue is less than or equal to 15%.
And crushing the coal gangue, the steel slag, the phosphogypsum or the desulfurized gypsum by using a jaw crusher to generate a crushed material, wherein the particle size of the crushed material is less than 5mm.
Performing ball milling treatment on the crushed material through a ball mill to generate a ground material; wherein the ground material comprises coal gangue powder, steel slag powder, phosphogypsum powder or desulfurized gypsum powder, the ball milling time is 30-45min, and the powder particle size of the ground material is 80 μm.
In step S120, in the process of forming the pelletizing raw material, the coal gangue powder, the steel slag powder, the phosphogypsum powder or the desulfurized gypsum powder are mixed and stirred by a stirrer according to a preset proportion, wherein the stirring time is 20-30min. Wherein, the preferable proportion of the ingredients is 80-90% of coal gangue, 5-10% of steel slag and 5-10% of phosphogypsum or industrial gypsum.
In step S130, the proportion of the pelletizing raw material is 85% -92%, and the proportion of the water is 8% -15%. In the pelletizing process, the water distribution ratio is determined based on the addition amount of the coal gangue, the coal gangue contains more silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, has certain adhesiveness and plasticity, and has better pelletizing property, so the proportion of added water is about 8-15%, and preferably, the water distribution amount is controlled to be about 10%.
In step S140, a pelletizing process is performed on the pelletizing raw material mixed with water by a pelletizer, which is a disk pelletizer. The particle size of the green ball is 5-20mm.
In step S150, in the process of drying the green pellets, putting the green pellets into an air-blast drying oven for constant-temperature drying, and removing moisture in the green pellets; wherein the drying temperature is 105-110 deg.C, and the drying time is 4-6h. That is, the drying process is to reduce the water content in the ceramsite.
In the process of roasting the dried green pellets, putting the dried green pellets into a rotary kiln for roasting to generate high-strength ceramsite; wherein the roasting temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-120min. The roasting is carried out by controlling different roasting temperatures and roasting time, preferably, the roasting temperature is 1050-1150 ℃, and the roasting time is 60-90min.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples according to the above-mentioned preparation method of gangue-based high-strength ceramsite.
Example 1
1) After grinding the coal gangue and the steel slag, uniformly mixing the coal gangue and the steel slag according to the proportion of 90;
2) Putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step 1) into a granulator to prepare a ceramsite raw material, and drying the ceramsite raw material in a 105 ℃ drying oven for 4 hours after molding to obtain dried ceramsite;
3) Feeding the dried ceramsite into a muffle furnace, heating the furnace to 1150 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 60min, carrying out reaction sintering molding, and finally cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramsite product, wherein the particle size of the ceramsite is 12-16mm, and the bulk density is 849.2kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 7.98MPa, the water absorption rate is 2.24 percent, and the ceramic is the super-strong 40-type ceramic particle which meets the national standard.
Example 2
1) After the coal gangue and the desulfurized gypsum are ground, uniformly mixing the coal gangue and the desulfurized gypsum according to the proportion of 95;
2) Putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step 1) into a granulator to prepare a ceramsite raw material, and drying the ceramsite raw material in a 105 ℃ drying oven for 5 hours after molding to obtain dried ceramsite;
3) Feeding the dried ceramsite into a muffle furnace, heating the furnace to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 120min, carrying out reaction sintering molding, and finally cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramsite product, wherein the particle size of the ceramsite is 10-15mm, and the bulk density is 870.2kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 9.08MPa, the water absorption is 1.82 percent, and the ceramic is super strong 40 type ceramic particles which accord with the national standard.
Example 3
1) After grinding the coal gangue, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum, uniformly mixing the coal gangue, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum according to the proportion of 90;
2) Putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step 1) into a granulator to prepare a ceramsite raw material, and drying the ceramsite raw material in a 105 ℃ drying oven for 3 hours after molding to obtain dried ceramsite;
3) Feeding the dried ceramsite into a muffle furnace, heating the furnace to 1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 30min, carrying out reaction sintering molding, and finally cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramsite product, wherein the particle size of the ceramsite is 15-20mm, and the bulk density is 755.76kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 10.11MPa, the water absorption is 1.44 percent, and the ceramic is super strong 35 type ceramic particles which accord with the national standard.
Example 4
1) After the coal gangue, the steel slag and the phosphogypsum are ground, uniformly mixing the coal gangue, the steel slag and the phosphogypsum according to the proportion of 80;
2) Putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step 1) into a granulator to prepare a ceramsite raw material, and drying the ceramsite raw material in a 105 ℃ drying oven for 3 hours after molding to obtain dried ceramsite;
3) Feeding the dried ceramsite into a muffle furnace, heating the furnace to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 60min, carrying out reaction sintering molding, and finally cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramsite product, wherein the particle size of the ceramsite is 15-20mm, and the bulk density is 616.28kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 4.69MPa, the water absorption is 2.10 percent, and the ceramic grain is super-strong 30 type ceramic grain which meets the national standard。
Example 5
1) After the coal gangue, the steel slag and the phosphogypsum are ground, uniformly mixing the coal gangue, the steel slag and the phosphogypsum according to the proportion of 75;
2) Putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step 1) into a granulator to prepare a ceramsite raw material, and drying the ceramsite raw material in a 105 ℃ drying oven for 4 hours after forming to obtain dried ceramsite;
3) Feeding the dried ceramsite into a muffle furnace, heating the furnace to 1050 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 90min, carrying out reaction sintering molding, and finally cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramsite product, wherein the particle size of the ceramsite is 12-18mm, and the bulk density of the ceramsite is 666.72kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 6.84MPa, the water absorption is 2.75 percent, and the ceramic is super-strong 30 ceramic particles which meet the national standard.
Example 6
1) After grinding the coal gangue, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum, uniformly mixing the coal gangue, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum according to the proportion of 70;
2) Putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step 1) into a granulator to prepare a ceramsite raw material, and drying the ceramsite raw material in a 105 ℃ drying oven for 3 hours after molding to obtain dried ceramsite;
3) Feeding the dried ceramsite into a muffle furnace, heating the furnace to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 120min, carrying out reaction sintering molding, and finally cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramsite product, wherein the particle size of the ceramsite is 15-20mm, and the bulk density is 721.44kg/m 3 The cylinder pressure strength is 5.77MPa, the water absorption rate is 8.28 percent, and the super-strong 35 ceramic particles meet the national standard.
According to the preparation method of the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite, provided by the embodiment of the invention, solid wastes are adopted, the cost of raw materials is low, the economic benefit is improved, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved; by adopting the preparation method, the preheating process of the traditional ceramsite preparation is reduced, the traditional process flow can be shortened, and the process is relatively simple; the preparation method has a large temperature regulation and control range and strong adaptability to equipment.
The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to the invention is described above by way of example with reference to the attached drawings. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of coal gangue based high-strength ceramsite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out crushing and grinding treatment on coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum;
mixing crushed and ground coal gangue, steel slag, phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum according to a preset proportion to form a pelletizing raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the coal gangue is 70-90%, the mass ratio of the steel slag is 0-15%, and the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum is 5-10%;
mixing the pelletizing raw material with water according to a preset proportion;
pelletizing the pelletizing raw material mixed with water to form green pellets;
and drying and roasting the green pellets to form ceramsite.
2. The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 1,
and crushing the coal gangue, the steel slag, the phosphogypsum or the desulfurized gypsum by using a jaw crusher to generate crushed materials, wherein the particle size of the crushed materials is less than 5mm.
3. The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 2,
performing ball milling treatment on the crushed material through a ball mill to generate a ground material; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the grinding material comprises coal gangue powder, steel slag powder, phosphogypsum powder or desulfurized gypsum powder, the ball milling time is 30-45min, and the powder particle size of the grinding material is 80 mu m.
4. The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 3, wherein the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite is coal gangue-based high-strength ceramsite,
in the process of forming the pelletizing raw material,
and stirring and mixing the coal gangue powder, the steel slag powder, the phosphogypsum powder or the desulfurized gypsum powder according to a preset proportion by using a stirrer, wherein the stirring time is 20-30min.
5. The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein in the process of mixing the pelletizing raw material and water according to a preset ratio,
the proportion of the pelletizing raw material is 85% -92%, and the proportion of the water is 8% -15%.
6. The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 1,
pelletizing the pelletizing raw material mixed with water by a pelletizer, wherein the pelletizer is a disc pelletizer.
7. The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 1,
the particle size of the green ball is 5-20mm.
8. The method for preparing the coal gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 1,
in the process of drying the green pellets,
putting the green pellets into an air-blast drying oven for constant-temperature drying, and removing moisture in the green pellets; wherein the drying temperature is 105-110 ℃, and the drying time is 4-6h.
9. The method for preparing the gangue-based high-strength ceramsite according to claim 1,
in the process of roasting the dried green pellets,
placing the dried green pellets into a rotary kiln for roasting to generate high-strength ceramsite; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the roasting temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-120min.
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| CN114591059A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-06-07 | 东南大学 | Low-carbon internal curing lightweight concrete for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN114804910A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-07-29 | 许泽胜 | Industrial and agricultural urban solid waste ceramsite and preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2022-11-11 CN CN202211411095.7A patent/CN115849935A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111470790A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-31 | 桂林理工大学 | Sound-absorbing ceramsite and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112142420A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-29 | 张延年 | Multi-solid-waste large-mixing-amount baking-free water permeable brick and preparation method thereof |
| AU2021100066A4 (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-22 | Shenyang Aerospace University | Method of increasing the thickness of the outer enamel layer of ceramsite with sludge slurry |
| CN113526976A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-22 | 成都建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing ceramsite by utilizing coal gangue and steel slag and ceramsite |
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| CN114804910A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-07-29 | 许泽胜 | Industrial and agricultural urban solid waste ceramsite and preparation method and application thereof |
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