CN115849873A - Foamed ceramic material with sound absorption effect and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foamed ceramic material with sound absorption effect and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115849873A CN115849873A CN202211585203.2A CN202211585203A CN115849873A CN 115849873 A CN115849873 A CN 115849873A CN 202211585203 A CN202211585203 A CN 202211585203A CN 115849873 A CN115849873 A CN 115849873A
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001467 sodium calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a foamed ceramic material with a sound absorption effect and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of ceramic materials, wherein the foamed ceramic material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of activated carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent. The foamed ceramic material prepared by the invention has the advantages of low density, low water absorption rate, high flame retardant property and good sound absorption and noise reduction effects on sound, can play a role in removing peculiar smell, can prevent the foamed ceramic material from cracking and influencing the service life due to the fact that water is permeated into the foamed ceramic material at low temperature and the foamed ceramic material is frozen, and can improve the overall structural strength of the foamed ceramic material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic materials, in particular to a foamed ceramic material with a sound absorption effect and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The foamed ceramic is a porous ceramic material, has the porosity of more than 50 percent, and has the excellent performances of light weight, heat insulation, fire prevention, sound absorption and the like; the interface induced crystallization of the raw materials of the foamed ceramic material in the firing process and the crystallization of the metal oxides serving as nucleating agents lead the main phase in the material to exist in the form of mineral crystals, so that the foamed ceramic material is different from a foamed glass material, and compared with the foamed glass material, the foamed ceramic material has higher strength and better heat insulation property and stability; the preparation method of the high-temperature foamed ceramic mainly comprises the steps of adding a proper amount of high-temperature foaming agent, foam stabilizer, fluxing agent and other auxiliary agents into raw materials, uniformly mixing, melting the materials at high temperature to form a melt with proper viscosity, decomposing the foaming agent at high temperature to generate volatile gas, sealing the melt with high viscosity in the material to cause foaming and expansion of the material, gradually cooling and solidifying the melt along with temperature reduction, and forming closed pores in the material by the gas sealed in the melt to obtain the foamed ceramic material.
The invention discloses a Chinese patent with publication number CN102718547B, which discloses a foamed ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method for preparing the foamed ceramic material comprises the steps of crushing, forming, firing and puffing ingredients consisting of tailings, feldspar, a foaming agent, a foaming regulator and a fluxing agent, wherein the tailings are at least one of iron ore tailings, quartz tailings, kyanite tailings and bauxite tailings with the silicon dioxide content of more than 60 wt%. The method for preparing the foamed ceramic material can use the tailings to prepare the foamed ceramic material, so that the tailings are utilized with high added value, and the prepared foamed ceramic material has excellent properties such as low density, high strength, low water absorption, low heat conductivity, no combustion, long service life and the like.
By combining the foamed ceramic material designed by the above patents, the foamed ceramic material prepared in the prior art generally has the characteristics of small density, low water absorption, good sound absorption and high flame retardant property, but still has some defects in specific use, for example, the foamed ceramic material is easy to freeze due to water infiltration in the foamed ceramic material at a low temperature, so that the service life of the foamed ceramic material is influenced, and the bonding strength between the prepared molecular materials of the foamed ceramic material is low, so that the overall structural strength of the foamed ceramic material is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a foamed ceramic material having a sound absorption effect and a method for preparing the same.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a foamed ceramic material with sound absorption effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of activated carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 125-175 parts of tailings, 30-40 parts of feldspar, 2-4 parts of foaming agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of foaming regulator, 2-4 parts of fluxing agent, 6-8 parts of activated carbon, 2-4 parts of antifreezing agent, 3-5 parts of thickening agent and 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts of tailings, 35 parts of feldspar, 3 parts of foaming agent, 1 part of foaming regulator, 3 parts of fluxing agent, 7 parts of activated carbon, 3 parts of antifreezing agent, 4 parts of thickening agent and 3 parts of crosslinking agent.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the tailings are any one or a combination of more than 60% of iron ore tailings, quartz tailings, kyanite tailings and bauxite tailings, the feldspar is any one or a combination of more than 60% of potassium feldspar, albite and anorthite, the foaming agent is any one or a combination of more than one of coal powder, coke powder, silicon carbide and calcium carbonate, the foaming regulator is any one or a combination of more than one of boric acid, boric anhydride, iron oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and the fluxing agent is any one or a combination of more than one of sodium carbonate, calcium fluoride and sodium phosphate.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the antifreezing agent is any one or combination of a plurality of low-carbon alcohols, dihydric alcohol and amides, the thickening agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose, and the cross-linking agent is any one or combination of a plurality of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, borax and boric acid.
A preparation method of a foamed ceramic material with a sound absorption effect comprises the following specific preparation steps:
step one, preparing raw materials, namely weighing 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of active carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent according to the parts by weight of all components in the foamed ceramic material;
step two, crushing treatment, namely respectively crushing the prepared tailings, feldspar and activated carbon to obtain tailings scraps, feldspar scraps and activated carbon scraps;
step three, grinding, namely respectively adding the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips obtained in the step one into a grinder for grinding treatment to obtain tailing powder, feldspar powder and activated carbon powder;
step four, mixing, namely putting the prepared tailing powder and feldspar powder into a mixer to mix for 30 seconds, adding a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a fluxing agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and a crosslinking agent into the mixer to mix for 5-10 minutes again, adding the prepared activated carbon powder and mixing for 1-3 minutes to obtain a mixture A;
filling a mold, namely filling the mixture A in the mold into a finished mold prepared by the mixture A device prepared in the step four by using external high-frequency vibration;
sixthly, firing and forming, namely placing the mold filled with the mixture A in the fifth step into a heating furnace for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1000-1300 ℃, and the firing time is 30-50 minutes;
and seventhly, taking out and packaging, namely taking the fired ceramic material out of the heating furnace for cooling, polishing the surface of the ceramic material as required after cooling, and packaging after polishing.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, in the third step, the grinding time of the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips is 10-20 minutes, the grinding speed is 800-1200r/min, and the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips are ground to be more than 200 meshes.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, in the fourth step, the mixing and stirring speed is 600-800r/min, the internal temperature of the mixer is maintained at 30-40 ℃, and in the sixth step, the heating furnace needs to be preheated to 800 ℃ before the die is fired.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the prepared foamed ceramic material has the advantages of small density, low water absorption rate, high flame retardant property and obvious sound absorption effect on the overall performance, and has good sound absorption and noise reduction effects on sound when in use by adding the activated carbon structure in the preparation material of the foamed ceramic material and utilizing the characteristic of more gaps of the activated carbon, and meanwhile, the prepared foamed ceramic material can play a role in removing peculiar smell; by adding the antifreezing agent, the problem that the foamed ceramic material is cracked and the service life of the foamed ceramic material is influenced due to the fact that water permeates into the interior of the foamed ceramic material and freezes at a low temperature can be prevented in the using process; by adding the thickening agent and the cross-linking agent, the bonding strength between molecular materials can be improved during use, and the overall structural strength of the foamed ceramic material is further improved.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a foamed ceramic material with sound absorption effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of activated carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the following steps are specifically performed: 100 parts of tailings, 20 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of foaming agent, 0.5 part of foaming regulator, 2 parts of fluxing agent, 5 parts of activated carbon, 2 parts of antifreezing agent, 2 parts of thickening agent and 2 parts of crosslinking agent.
Preferably, the tailings are any one or a combination of more than 60% of iron ore tailings, quartz tailings, kyanite tailings and bauxite tailings, the feldspar is any one or a combination of more than 60% of potassium feldspar, albite and anorthite, the foaming agent is any one or a combination of more than one of coal powder, coke powder, silicon carbide and calcium carbonate, the foaming regulator is any one or a combination of more than one of boric acid, boric anhydride, iron oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and the fluxing agent is any one or a combination of more than one of sodium carbonate, calcium fluoride and sodium phosphate.
Preferably, the antifreeze is any one or combination of lower alcohols, dihydric alcohols and amides, the thickener is hydroxymethyl cellulose, and the cross-linking agent is any one or combination of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, borax and boric acid.
A preparation method of a foamed ceramic material with a sound absorption effect comprises the following specific preparation steps:
step one, preparing raw materials, namely weighing 100 parts of tailings, 20 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of foaming agent, 0.5 part of foaming regulator, 2 parts of fluxing agent, 5 parts of activated carbon, 2 parts of antifreezing agent, 2 parts of thickening agent and 2 parts of cross-linking agent according to the parts by weight of all components in the foamed ceramic material;
step two, crushing treatment, namely respectively crushing the prepared tailings, feldspar and activated carbon to obtain tailings scraps, feldspar scraps and activated carbon scraps;
step three, grinding treatment, namely respectively adding the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips obtained in the step one into a grinder for grinding treatment, wherein the grinding time is 20 minutes, and the grinding speed is 1200r/min, so that the obtained tailing powder, feldspar powder and activated carbon powder are more than 200 meshes;
step four, mixing, namely putting the prepared tailing powder and feldspar powder into a mixer to mix for 30 seconds, adding a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a fluxing agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and a crosslinking agent into the mixer to mix for 10 minutes again, adding the prepared activated carbon powder to mix for 3 minutes to obtain a mixture A, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 800r/min, and the internal temperature of the mixer is maintained at 40 ℃;
filling a mold, namely filling the mixture A in the mold into a finished mold prepared by the mixture A device prepared in the step four by using external high-frequency vibration;
sixthly, firing and forming, namely placing the mold filled with the mixture A in the fifth step into a heating furnace for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1300 ℃, and the firing time is 50 minutes, and the heating furnace needs to preheat to 800 ℃ before firing the mold;
and seventhly, taking out and packaging, namely taking the fired ceramic material out of the heating furnace for cooling, polishing the surface of the ceramic material as required after cooling, and packaging after polishing.
Example 2:
a foamed ceramic material with sound absorption effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of activated carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the following steps are specifically performed: 150 parts of tailings, 35 parts of feldspar, 3 parts of foaming agent, 1 part of foaming regulator, 3 parts of fluxing agent, 7 parts of activated carbon, 3 parts of antifreezing agent, 4 parts of thickening agent and 3 parts of crosslinking agent.
Preferably, the tailings are any one or a combination of more than 60% of iron ore tailings, quartz tailings, kyanite tailings and bauxite tailings, the feldspar is any one or a combination of more than 60% of potassium feldspar, albite and anorthite, the foaming agent is any one or a combination of more than one of coal powder, coke powder, silicon carbide and calcium carbonate, the foaming regulator is any one or a combination of more than one of boric acid, boric anhydride, iron oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and the fluxing agent is any one or a combination of more than one of sodium carbonate, calcium fluoride and sodium phosphate.
Preferably, the antifreeze is any one or combination of more of low-carbon alcohols, dihydric alcohol and amides, the thickening agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose, and the cross-linking agent is any one or combination of more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, borax and boric acid.
A preparation method of a foamed ceramic material with a sound absorption effect comprises the following specific preparation steps:
step one, preparing raw materials, namely weighing 150 parts of tailings, 35 parts of feldspar, 3 parts of foaming agent, 1 part of foaming regulator, 3 parts of fluxing agent, 7 parts of activated carbon, 3 parts of antifreezing agent, 4 parts of thickening agent and 3 parts of crosslinking agent according to the parts by weight of all components in the foamed ceramic material;
step two, crushing treatment, namely respectively crushing the prepared tailings, feldspar and activated carbon to obtain tailings scraps, feldspar scraps and activated carbon scraps;
step three, grinding treatment, namely respectively adding the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips obtained in the step one into a grinder for grinding treatment, wherein the grinding time is 20 minutes, and the grinding speed is 1200r/min, so that the obtained tailing powder, feldspar powder and activated carbon powder are more than 200 meshes;
step four, mixing, namely putting the prepared tailing powder and feldspar powder into a mixer to mix for 30 seconds, adding a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a fluxing agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and a crosslinking agent into the mixer to mix for 10 minutes again, adding the prepared activated carbon powder to mix for 3 minutes to obtain a mixture A, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 800r/min, and the internal temperature of the mixer is maintained at 40 ℃;
filling a mold, namely filling the mixture A in the mold into a finished mold prepared by the mixture A device prepared in the step four by using external high-frequency vibration;
sixthly, firing and forming, namely placing the mold filled with the mixture A in the fifth step into a heating furnace for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1300 ℃, and the firing time is 50 minutes, and the heating furnace needs to preheat to 800 ℃ before firing the mold;
and seventhly, taking out and packaging, namely taking the fired ceramic material out of the heating furnace for cooling, polishing the surface of the ceramic material as required after cooling, and packaging after polishing.
Example 3:
a foamed ceramic material with sound absorption effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of activated carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the following steps are specifically performed: 200 parts of tailings, 50 parts of feldspar, 5 parts of foaming agent, 1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 5 parts of fluxing agent, 10 parts of activated carbon, 5 parts of antifreezing agent, 6 parts of thickening agent and 5 parts of crosslinking agent.
Preferably, the tailings are any one or more of iron ore tailings, quartz tailings, kyanite tailings and bauxite tailings with the silicon dioxide content of more than 60%, the feldspar is any one or more of potassium feldspar, albite and anorthite, the foaming agent is any one or more of coal dust, coke powder, silicon carbide and calcium carbonate, the foaming regulator is any one or more of boric acid, boric anhydride, iron oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and the fluxing agent is any one or more of sodium carbonate, calcium fluoride and sodium phosphate.
Preferably, the antifreeze is any one or combination of lower alcohols, dihydric alcohols and amides, the thickener is hydroxymethyl cellulose, and the cross-linking agent is any one or combination of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, borax and boric acid.
A preparation method of a foamed ceramic material with a sound absorption effect comprises the following specific preparation steps:
step one, preparing raw materials, namely weighing 200 parts of tailings, 50 parts of feldspar, 5 parts of foaming agent, 1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 5 parts of fluxing agent, 10 parts of activated carbon, 5 parts of antifreezing agent, 6 parts of thickening agent and 5 parts of cross-linking agent according to the parts by weight of all components in the foamed ceramic material;
step two, crushing treatment, namely respectively crushing the prepared tailings, feldspar and activated carbon to obtain tailings scraps, feldspar scraps and activated carbon scraps;
step three, grinding treatment, namely respectively adding the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips obtained in the step one into a grinder for grinding treatment, wherein the grinding time is 10 minutes, and the grinding speed is 800r/min, so that the obtained tailing powder, feldspar powder and activated carbon powder are more than 200 meshes;
step four, mixing, namely putting the prepared tailing powder and feldspar powder into a mixer to mix for 30 seconds, adding a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a fluxing agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and a crosslinking agent into the mixer to mix for 5 minutes again, adding the prepared activated carbon powder to mix for 1 minute to obtain a mixture A, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 600r/min, and the internal temperature of the mixer is maintained at 30 ℃;
filling a mold, namely filling the mixture A in the mold into a finished mold prepared by the mixture A device prepared in the step four by using external high-frequency vibration;
sixthly, firing and forming, namely placing the mold filled with the mixture A in the fifth step into a heating furnace for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1200 ℃, and the firing time is 30 minutes, and the heating furnace needs to preheat to 800 ℃ before firing the mold;
and seventhly, taking out and packaging, namely taking the fired ceramic material out of the heating furnace for cooling, polishing the surface of the ceramic material as required after cooling, and packaging after polishing.
3 kinds of foamed ceramic materials can be prepared by the 3 examples, and the foamed ceramic materials prepared by the three examples are respectively tested, and the table is prepared as follows:
as can be seen from the above tables, the foamed ceramic material prepared in example 2 in the technical scheme is superior to the foamed ceramic materials prepared in examples 1 and 3, and in general performance, the prepared foamed ceramic material has low density, low water absorption, high flame retardant property, and also has obvious advantages in sound absorption effect; by adding the antifreezing agent, the problem that the foamed ceramic material is cracked and the service life of the foamed ceramic material is influenced due to the fact that water permeates into the interior of the foamed ceramic material and freezes at a low temperature can be prevented in the using process; by adding the thickening agent and the cross-linking agent, the bonding strength between molecular materials can be improved when the foaming ceramic material is used, and the overall structural strength of the foaming ceramic material is further improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The foamed ceramic material with the sound absorption effect is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of activated carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent.
2. The foamed ceramic material with a sound absorption effect as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 125-175 parts of tailings, 30-40 parts of feldspar, 2-4 parts of foaming agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of foaming regulator, 2-4 parts of fluxing agent, 6-8 parts of activated carbon, 2-4 parts of antifreezing agent, 3-5 parts of thickening agent and 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent.
3. The foamed ceramic material with the sound absorption effect as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts of tailings, 35 parts of feldspar, 3 parts of foaming agent, 1 part of foaming regulator, 3 parts of fluxing agent, 7 parts of activated carbon, 3 parts of antifreezing agent, 4 parts of thickening agent and 3 parts of cross-linking agent.
4. The foamed ceramic material having a sound absorption effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tailings are any one or a combination of more than 60% of iron ore tailings, quartz tailings, kyanite tailings and bauxite tailings, feldspar is any one or a combination of more than 60% of potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar and anorthite, a foaming agent is any one or a combination of more than one of coal powder, coke powder, silicon carbide and calcium carbonate, a foaming regulator is any one or a combination of more than one of boric acid, boric anhydride, iron oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and a fluxing agent is any one or a combination of more than one of sodium carbonate, calcium fluoride and sodium phosphate.
5. The foamed ceramic material with sound absorption effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antifreezing agent is any one or combination of more of low-carbon alcohols, dihydric alcohol and amides, the thickening agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose, and the cross-linking agent is any one or combination of more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, borax and boric acid.
6. The foamed ceramic material with the sound absorption effect according to the claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by further comprising a preparation method of the foamed ceramic material with the sound absorption effect, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing raw materials, namely weighing 100-200 parts of tailings, 20-50 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of foaming regulator, 2-5 parts of fluxing agent, 5-10 parts of active carbon, 2-5 parts of antifreezing agent, 2-6 parts of thickening agent and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent according to the parts by weight of all components in the foamed ceramic material;
step two, crushing treatment, namely respectively crushing the prepared tailings, feldspar and activated carbon to obtain tailings scraps, feldspar scraps and activated carbon scraps;
step three, grinding, namely respectively adding the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips obtained in the step one into a grinder for grinding to obtain tailing powder, feldspar powder and activated carbon powder;
step four, mixing, namely putting the prepared tailing powder and feldspar powder into a mixer to mix for 30 seconds, adding a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, a fluxing agent, an antifreezing agent, a thickening agent and a crosslinking agent into the mixer to mix for 5-10 minutes again, adding the prepared activated carbon powder and mixing for 1-3 minutes to obtain a mixture A;
filling a mold, namely filling the mixture A in the mold into a finished mold prepared by the mixture A device prepared in the step four by using external high-frequency vibration;
sixthly, firing and forming, namely placing the mold filled with the mixture A in the fifth step into a heating furnace for firing, wherein the firing temperature is 1000-1300 ℃, and the firing time is 30-50 minutes;
and seventhly, taking out and packaging, namely taking the fired ceramic material out of the heating furnace for cooling, polishing the surface of the ceramic material as required after cooling, and packaging after polishing.
7. The method for preparing the foamed ceramic material with the sound absorption effect according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the third step, the grinding time of the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips is 10-20 minutes, the grinding speed is 800-1200r/min, and the tailing chips, the feldspar chips and the activated carbon chips are ground to be more than 200 meshes.
8. The method for preparing a foamed ceramic material having a sound absorption effect according to claim 6, wherein: in the fourth step, the mixing and stirring speed is 600-800r/min, the internal temperature of the mixer is maintained at 30-40 ℃, and in the sixth step, the heating furnace needs to be preheated to 800 ℃ before the die is fired.
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