CN112408923B - Permeable compression-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Permeable compression-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112408923B
CN112408923B CN202011315662.XA CN202011315662A CN112408923B CN 112408923 B CN112408923 B CN 112408923B CN 202011315662 A CN202011315662 A CN 202011315662A CN 112408923 B CN112408923 B CN 112408923B
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fine sand
calcium oxide
water
concrete
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CN112408923A (en
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李海斌
熊还超
张朋
詹赡
陈亮
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Hubei Yunhai Concrete Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building materials, and particularly discloses permeable compression-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof. The permeable compression-resistant concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1100-1400 parts of macadam, 150-250 parts of fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer on the surface, 150-220 parts of cement, 120-200 parts of water, 25-65 parts of coal ash and 2-5 parts of a water reducing agent; the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing broken stone, fine sand, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent according to parts by weight for later use at normal temperature; firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture; and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 5-10 min, adding fine sand, continuing stirring for 3-5 min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a permeable concrete finished product. The utility model provides a compressive concrete permeates water has the effect that improves its compressive strength and hang down.

Description

Permeable compression-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to permeable compression-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing pervious concrete is mainly sand-free porous pervious concrete, and a thin layer of cement slurry mutually bonded with broken stones is coated on the surfaces of the broken stones in the porous pervious concrete, so that a cellular structure with uniformly distributed pores is formed, and the concrete has the characteristics of air permeability, insignificant capillary phenomenon, small cement consumption, simple construction and the like and is generally used in the field of highway slope protection and pervious bricks.
Chinese invention patent CN110357500A discloses a pervious concrete, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-13 parts of cement; 19-24 parts of river sand; 47-53 parts of aggregate; 0.19-0.23 part of high-performance water reducing agent; 15-23 parts of diatomite and 10-15 parts of modified strong viscose; the modified strong viscose fiber is carbonized by the strong viscose fiber to obtain a loose and porous structure.
In view of the above-mentioned related arts, the inventors believe that the above-mentioned pervious concrete has added river sand to fill in the voids of the aggregate, thereby improving the defect of poor strength of the sand-free porous pervious concrete structure, but the filling of river sand reduces the effective void ratio of the aggregate, thereby affecting the permeability of the pervious concrete. Therefore, how to ensure the water permeability of the pervious concrete structure while enhancing the strength of the pervious concrete structure is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enhance the compressive strength of the pervious concrete, the application provides the pervious compressive concrete and the preparation method thereof.
The first aspect, this application provides a resistance to compression concrete permeates water, adopts following technical scheme:
the permeable compression-resistant concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1100-1400 parts of macadam, 150-250 parts of fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer on the surface, 150-220 parts of cement, 120-200 parts of water, 25-65 parts of coal ash and 2-5 parts of a water reducing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the activated calcium oxide has excellent hydration activity, the activated calcium oxide layer coated on the surface of the fine sand and cement and coal ash can generate hydration reaction when meeting water to generate hydrate crystals such as ettringite, calcium hydroxide and the like, wherein the hydrate crystals with good crystallinity can be combined and grown into porous and loose large-size crystals, the C-S-H with poor crystallization and ettringite and calcium hydroxide crystals with smaller secondary are filled in the gaps of the original net-shaped structure formed by the large-crystal ettringite and calcium hydroxide, so that the structural density of concrete is enhanced, the combination of the hydrate crystals generated by the activated calcium oxide layer on the surface of the fine sand and the hydrate crystals in the cement and coal ash can improve the bonding force between the cementing material and the fine sand interface, so that the internal structural strength of the concrete material is improved, and simultaneously, after the activated calcium oxide and the water generate hydration reaction, the structure of the active calcium oxide layer remained on the surface of the fine sand is not compact any more, certain gaps are generated, channels can be formed among the gaps of the fine sand, and water flow can circulate through the gaps and channels, so that the water permeability of the concrete is ensured.
Preferably, the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1180-1380 parts of macadam, 170-220 parts of fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, 170-200 parts of cement, 140-180 parts of water, 35-55 parts of coal ash and 3-4 parts of a water reducing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the test data shows that when the raw materials are proportioned, the concrete has more excellent compressive strength and construction performance.
Preferably, the coating method of the activated calcium oxide layer comprises the following steps: 1) completely dissolving titanate into isopropanol at room temperature to prepare titanate isopropanol dissolved solution, wherein the molar ratio of titanate to isopropanol is (1-2): 5; 2) putting active calcium oxide into the dissolved solution, and stirring to obtain a suspension, wherein the molar ratio of the active calcium oxide to the titanate is (0.5-1): 1; 3) stirring the suspension again to uniformly disperse the active calcium oxide to prepare a dispersion liquid; 4) carrying out ball milling treatment on the fine sand, and spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the fine sand in a mist spraying mode, wherein the spraying pressure is 1-3 MPa, and the spraying flow rate is 1-2 m/s; 5) and drying the fine sand at 50-70 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 60-100 min to obtain the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the test data show that the concrete prepared by arranging the activated calcium oxide layer on the surface of the fine sand by adopting the coating method and adding the fine sand into a concrete system has excellent compressive strength, water permeability and construction performance.
Preferably, in the step 4), during the ball milling and spraying process of the fine sand, inert gas is continuously blown into the fine sand at a speed of 30-60 mL/min.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the in-process of fine sand surface spray dispersion, blow in inert gas again to the fine sand, because the fine sand can take place the upset at the in-process of ball-milling, continuously blow and to make and produce tiny hole between the fine sand that prepares and the active calcium oxide layer during spraying, because the fine sand is solid construction, it is favorable to improving the structural strength of concrete to fill in the space of rubble, and combine into the pore passageway between the hole between fine sand and the active calcium oxide layer, be favorable to the passing through of rivers, thereby increase the permeability of concrete, thereby solve the problem that adds the fine sand to the concrete that permeates water and influence its permeability.
Preferably, the particle size of the fine sand coated with the activated calcium oxide layer is 0.25-0.45 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the test data show that when the particle size of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer is 0.25-0.45 mm, the concrete has more excellent compressive strength and construction performance.
Preferably, the concrete further comprises 0.8-1.6 parts of sodium silicate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium silicate has the function of exciting the hydration activity of the cement and the coal ash, and the action mechanism is double excitation, namely the sodium silicate provides OH for a reaction system-After an alkaline environment is generated, the depolymerization and decomposition of a calcium-rich phase and a silicon-rich phase in cement, coal ash and calcium oxide are promoted to form dispersed flocculent products, and as the flocculent products increase, a polycondensation reaction occurs between the flocculent phases, and finally gel or complex crystals and hydration products with amorphous structures are formed; on the other hand, sodium silicate itself can provide [ Si0 ] timely4]4-Acceleration [ Si04]4-With Ca2+And Al3+The plasma polycondensation reaction generates a gelatinous substance, thereby promoting the hydration reaction of the calcium oxide layer on the surfaces of cement, coal ash and fine sand and further enhancing the compressive strength of the concrete.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is adsorbed on the surfaces of concrete particles to enable the particles to show electrical property, and the particles repel each other due to the same charges, so that the concrete particles are dispersed to release excessive water among the particles to generate a water reducing effect; the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is low in price and easy to obtain, and the water reducing agent is selected as the water reducing agent of the application, so that the production cost is reduced.
In a second aspect, the application provides a method for preparing permeable compressive concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent according to parts by weight at normal temperature for later use;
firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture;
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 5-10 min, adding fine sand with the surface coated with the active calcium oxide layer, continuing stirring for 3-5 min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished pervious concrete product.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, add the fine sand that the surface cladding has the active calcium oxide layer after earlier the rubble, cement, coal ash and water stirring, the fine sand that the surface cladding has the active calcium oxide layer fills among the space of a large amount of rubbles, the hydration takes place for active calcium oxide and water, thereby improve the compactness of concrete inner structure, with this structural strength who improves the concrete, and there is the porose passageway in the active calcium oxide layer of remaining so that rivers pass through, thereby ensure the water permeability of concrete.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. because this application adopts the surface cladding to have the fine sand on active calcium oxide layer, hydrate crystal and cement that the active calcium oxide layer on fine sand surface generated, hydrate crystal in the coal ash combines and has the effect of improving binding power of cementitious material and fine sand interface, thereby improve the internal structure intensity of concrete material, and simultaneously, after active calcium oxide and water take place the hydration reaction, it is no longer compact to remain the active calcium oxide layer structure on fine sand surface, produce certain space, can form the passageway between the space of fine sand, rivers realize the circulation through this space passageway, with this water permeability of ensureing the concrete.
2. In this application preferred in the fine sand surface spray dispersion's in-process, blow in inert gas again to the fine sand, can make and produce tiny hole between the fine sand that prepares and the active calcium oxide layer, be favorable to passing through of rivers to the water permeability of increase concrete, with this solution to the problem that adds the fine sand and influence its water permeability in the concrete that permeates water.
3. The method has the advantages that the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface is filled in gaps of a large amount of broken stones, the active calcium oxide and water are hydrated, the compactness of the internal structure of the concrete is improved, the structural strength of the concrete is improved, a pore channel is formed in the residual active calcium oxide layer, so that water flows through the pore channel, and the water permeability of the concrete is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The water reducing agent in the formulation of the application is purchased from Xinyuan German Rings building materials Co.
Examples
Example 1
The water permeable compression-resistant concrete comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002791298840000041
Wherein the crushed stone is 25mm in particle size, the fineness modulus of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface is 1.5, the cement is sulphoaluminate cement, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
the coating method of the activated calcium oxide layer comprises the following steps: 1) completely dissolving titanate into isopropanol at room temperature to prepare titanate isopropanol dissolved solution, wherein the molar ratio of titanate to isopropanol is 1: 5; 2) putting active calcium oxide into the dissolved solution, and stirring to obtain a suspension, wherein the molar ratio of the active calcium oxide to the titanate is 0.5: 1; 3) stirring the suspension again to uniformly disperse the active calcium oxide to prepare a dispersion liquid; 4) carrying out ball milling treatment on the fine sand, and spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the fine sand in a mist spraying mode, wherein the spraying pressure is 1MPa, and the spraying flow rate is 1 m/s; 5) drying the fine sand at 50 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 60min to obtain fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer;
the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing the broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent at normal temperature for later use;
firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture;
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 5min, adding the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface, continuously stirring for 3min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished pervious concrete product.
Example 2
The components of the high-volume fly ash concrete are shown in the table 1;
wherein the broken stone is 25mm in particle size, the fineness modulus of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface is 1.5, the cement is sulphoaluminate cement, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
the coating method of the activated calcium oxide layer comprises the following steps: 1) completely dissolving titanate into isopropanol at room temperature to prepare titanate isopropanol dissolved solution, wherein the molar ratio of titanate to isopropanol is 1.25: 5; 2) putting active calcium oxide into the dissolved solution, and stirring to prepare a suspension, wherein the molar ratio of the active calcium oxide to the titanate is 0.6: 1; 3) stirring the suspension again to uniformly disperse the active calcium oxide to prepare a dispersion liquid; 4) carrying out ball milling treatment on the fine sand, and spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the fine sand in a mist spraying mode, wherein the spraying pressure is 1.5MPa, and the spraying flow rate is 1.25 m/s; 5) drying the fine sand at 55 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 70min to prepare fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer;
the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing the broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent at normal temperature for later use;
firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture;
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 6.5min, adding the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface, continuously stirring for 3.5min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished pervious concrete product.
Example 3
The components of the high-volume fly ash concrete are shown in the table 1;
wherein the crushed stone is 25mm in particle size, the fineness modulus of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface is 1.5, the cement is sulphoaluminate cement, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
the coating method of the activated calcium oxide layer comprises the following steps: 1) completely dissolving titanate into isopropanol at room temperature to prepare titanate isopropanol dissolved solution, wherein the molar ratio of titanate to isopropanol is 1.5: 5; 2) putting active calcium oxide into the dissolved solution, and stirring to obtain a suspension, wherein the molar ratio of the active calcium oxide to the titanate is 0.75: 1; 3) stirring the suspension again to uniformly disperse the active calcium oxide to prepare a dispersion liquid; 4) carrying out ball milling treatment on the fine sand, and spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the fine sand in a mist spraying mode, wherein the spraying pressure is 2MPa, and the spraying flow rate is 1.5 m/s; 5) drying the fine sand at 60 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 80min to obtain fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer;
the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing the broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent at normal temperature for later use;
firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture;
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 7.5min, adding fine sand with the surface coated with the active calcium oxide layer, continuing stirring for 4min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished pervious concrete product.
Example 4
The components of the concrete with the large content of fly ash are shown in the table 1;
wherein the crushed stone is 25mm in particle size, the fineness modulus of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface is 1.5, the cement is sulphoaluminate cement, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
the coating method of the activated calcium oxide layer comprises the following steps: 1) completely dissolving titanate into isopropanol at room temperature to prepare titanate isopropanol dissolved solution, wherein the molar ratio of titanate to isopropanol is 1.75: 5; 2) putting active calcium oxide into the dissolved solution, and stirring to obtain a suspension, wherein the molar ratio of the active calcium oxide to the titanate is 0.9: 1; 3) stirring the suspension again to uniformly disperse the active calcium oxide to prepare a dispersion liquid; 4) carrying out ball milling treatment on the fine sand, and spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the fine sand in a mist spraying mode, wherein the spraying pressure is 2.5MPa, and the spraying flow rate is 1.75 m/s; 5) drying the fine sand at 65 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 90min to prepare fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer;
the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing the broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent at normal temperature for later use;
firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture;
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 8.5min, adding fine sand with the surface coated with the active calcium oxide layer, continuing stirring for 4.5min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished pervious concrete product.
Example 5
The components of the concrete with the large content of fly ash are shown in the table 1;
wherein the crushed stone is 25mm in particle size, the fineness modulus of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface is 1.5, the cement is sulphoaluminate cement, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
the coating method of the activated calcium oxide layer comprises the following steps: 1) completely dissolving titanate into isopropanol at room temperature to prepare titanate isopropanol dissolved solution, wherein the molar ratio of titanate to isopropanol is 2: 5; 2) putting active calcium oxide into the dissolved solution, and stirring to prepare a suspension, wherein the molar ratio of the active calcium oxide to the titanate is 1: 1; 3) stirring the suspension again to uniformly disperse the active calcium oxide to prepare a dispersion liquid; 4) carrying out ball milling treatment on the fine sand, and spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the fine sand in a mist spraying mode, wherein the spraying pressure is 3MPa, and the spraying flow rate is 2 m/s; 5) drying the fine sand at 70 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 100min to obtain fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer;
the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing the broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent at normal temperature for later use;
firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture;
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 10min, adding the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer on the surface, continuously stirring for 5min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished pervious concrete product.
Example 6, this example differs from example 3 in that:
and 4) continuously blowing nitrogen into the fine sand at the speed of 30mL/min in the process of ball-milling and spraying the fine sand.
Example 7, this example differs from example 3 in that:
and 4) continuously blowing nitrogen into the fine sand at a speed of 45mL/min in the process of ball-milling and spraying the fine sand.
Example 8, this example differs from example 3 in that:
and 4) continuously blowing nitrogen into the fine sand at a speed of 60mL/min in the process of ball-milling and spraying the fine sand.
Example 9, this example differs from example 7 in that:
the particle size of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer is 0.25 mm.
Example 10, this example differs from example 7 in that:
the particle size of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer is 0.45 mm.
Example 11, this example differs from example 7 in that:
the particle size of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer is 0.15 mm.
Example 12, this example differs from example 7 in that:
the particle size of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer is 0.55 mm.
Example 13, this example differs from example 3 in that:
the concrete system also contained 0.8kg of sodium silicate.
Example 14, this example differs from example 3 in that:
the concrete system also contained 1.2kg of sodium silicate.
Example 15, this example differs from example 3 in that:
the concrete system also contained 1.6kg of sodium silicate.
Example 16, this example differs from example 7 in that:
the concrete system also contained 1.2kg of sodium silicate.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1, this example differs from example 3 in that:
the surface of the fine sand in the concrete is not coated with an active calcium oxide layer.
Comparative example 2, this example differs from example 3 in that:
the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing the broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent at normal temperature for later use;
uniformly stirring broken stone, fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer on the surface, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture;
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 11.5min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a permeable concrete finished product.
Performance test
1. And (3) detecting the compressive strength:
the compressive strength of the pervious concrete in examples 1-17 and comparative examples 1-2 is determined by referring to the standard GB/T50081-2002 for testing the mechanical properties of common concrete. Immediately covering the surface of a cubic concrete compressive strength test piece with a waterproof film after the test piece is formed, and removing the mold within 24 hours after mold maintenance is carried out in an environment with the temperature of 20 +/-5 ℃ until final setting is achieved. Immediately placing the mold into a standard curing room with the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of more than 95 percent for curing after removing the mold, and respectively measuring the compressive strength tests of 3d, 7d, 28d and 60 d. The results of the measurements are reported in table 2.
2. And (3) detecting the permeability:
the permeability of the pervious concrete in the examples 1-17 and the comparative examples 1-2 is detected according to GB/T50080-. The total electric quantity is more than 4000, which shows that the permeable concrete has high permeability and excellent water permeability; the total electric quantity is 2000-4000, which shows that the permeable concrete has moderate permeability and good water permeability. The results of the measurements are reported in table 2.
3. And (3) detecting the workability:
the test is carried out according to GB/T50080 Standard test method for common concrete mixture performance.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002791298840000081
Figure BDA0002791298840000091
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 1 and the combination of table 2 that, after the fine sand with the activated calcium oxide layer coated on the surface is added in a proper amount, the compressive strength (including the early strength and the later strength) of the pervious concrete is obviously improved compared with the case that the fine sand without the activated calcium oxide layer coated on the surface is added into the system, which indicates that the compressive strength of the pervious concrete is obviously improved by the activated calcium oxide layer. Compared with the comparative example 1, the water permeability of the concrete in the embodiments 1 to 5 is obviously improved, which shows that after the activated calcium oxide and water are subjected to hydration reaction, the structure of the activated calcium oxide layer remained on the surface of the fine sand is not compact any more, a certain gap is generated, a channel is formed between the gaps of the fine sand, and water flows through the channel to realize circulation, so that the water permeability of the concrete is ensured.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 2 and the combination of table 2 that, in the process of preparing concrete, the addition sequence of the fine sand coated with the activated calcium oxide layer affects the strength performance of the concrete, and the compression resistance and the water permeability of the concrete are weakened when the fine sand is mixed with other raw materials.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 3, 6 to 8 and table 2 that nitrogen is blown into the fine sand when the dispersion is sprayed on the surface of the fine sand, which is beneficial to forming a gap between the fine sand and the calcium oxide layer and the passing of water flow, thereby increasing the water permeability of the concrete.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 7 and 9 to 12 and table 2 that the fine sand coated with the activated calcium oxide layer has a particle size controlled within a range of 0.25 to 0.45mm, and the concrete has excellent compressive strength, and when the particle size is too small or too large, both compressive and water permeability of the concrete are reduced, so that the particle size of the fine sand coated with the activated calcium oxide layer needs to be controlled to improve the compressive strength of the concrete and ensure the water permeability of the concrete.
It can be seen from the combination of the examples 3 and 13 to 15 and the combination of table 2 that, the sodium silicate is added to the concrete system, and has the effect of activating the hydration activity of the cement and the coal ash, so that a compact cementing material is generated in the concrete, and the compressive strength of the concrete is enhanced, but the water permeability of the concrete is slightly reduced, which may be because the structural compactness of a hydration product in the concrete system added with the sodium silicate is improved, so that the water permeability of the concrete is reduced, but the concrete still maintains excellent water permeability.
As can be seen from the combination of example 3, example 7, example 14 and example 16 and table 2, the sodium silicate in example 16 has a performance of promoting not only hydration of the active components in the cement and coal ash but also hydration reaction of the active calcium oxide, and therefore, the concrete prepared in example 16 has a higher compressive strength than those of the other examples, and is an effect of promoting the activation of the sodium silicate and the active calcium oxide layer.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The permeable compression-resistant concrete is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1100-1400 parts of macadam, 150-250 parts of fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer on the surface, 150-220 parts of cement, 120-200 parts of water, 25-65 parts of coal ash and 2-5 parts of a water reducing agent;
the coating method of the activated calcium oxide layer comprises the following steps: step 1) completely dissolving titanate in isopropanol at room temperature to prepare titanate isopropanol dissolved solution, wherein the molar ratio of titanate to isopropanol is (1-2): 5; and 2) putting the active calcium oxide into the dissolved solution, and stirring to obtain a suspension, wherein the molar ratio of the active calcium oxide to the titanate is (0.5-1): 1; step 3) stirring the suspension again to uniformly disperse the active calcium oxide to prepare a dispersion liquid; step 4) carrying out ball milling treatment on the fine sand, and spraying the dispersion liquid on the surface of the fine sand in a mist spraying mode, wherein the spraying pressure is 1-3 MPa, and the spraying flow rate is 1-2 m/s; step 5) drying the fine sand at 50-70 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and standing for 60-100 min to prepare fine sand coated with an active calcium oxide layer;
the preparation method of the permeable compression-resistant concrete specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
weighing broken stone, fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, cement, water, coal ash and a water reducing agent according to parts by weight at normal temperature for later use;
firstly, uniformly stirring broken stone, cement and coal ash to prepare a mixture; ,
and adding water into the mixture, stirring for 5-10 min, adding fine sand with the surface coated with the active calcium oxide layer, continuing stirring for 3-5 min, adding a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a finished pervious concrete product.
2. The water permeable compression-resistant concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1180-1380 parts of gravel, 170-220 parts of fine sand with an active calcium oxide layer coated on the surface, 170-200 parts of cement, 140-180 parts of water, 35-55 parts of coal ash and 3-4 parts of a water reducing agent.
3. The water permeable compression-resistant concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 4) continuously blowing inert gas into the fine sand at the speed of 30-60 mL/min in the process of ball milling and spraying the fine sand.
4. The water permeable compression-resistant concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the fine sand coated with the active calcium oxide layer is 0.25-0.45 mm.
5. The water permeable compression-resistant concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
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