CN111170758A - Foam concrete, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Foam concrete, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111170758A CN111170758A CN201811328990.6A CN201811328990A CN111170758A CN 111170758 A CN111170758 A CN 111170758A CN 201811328990 A CN201811328990 A CN 201811328990A CN 111170758 A CN111170758 A CN 111170758A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- foamed concrete
- foaming agent
- weight
- water
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- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical group OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical group [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 sodium fatty alcohol Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-N sorbic acid group Chemical group C(\C=C\C=C\C)(=O)O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 15
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to foam concrete which is prepared from the following raw materials, 1-6 parts of an inorganic cementing material, 4-9 parts of tailing powder, 4-8 parts of water, 0.01-0.8 part of a foaming agent, 0.01-0.1 part of an exciting agent and 0.01-0.3 part of a thickening agent, wherein the content of each component is calculated by weight. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the foam concrete and application of the foam concrete in buildings or structures. The foam concrete has high content of tailing powder and high compressive strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of concrete, and particularly relates to foam concrete, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The foam concrete is also called as foaming cement, light foam soil, bubble mixed light soil, foaming light concrete and the like, and is an environment-friendly, energy-saving, low-cost and non-combustible building energy-saving material.
The basic raw materials of the foam concrete are cement, water and a foaming agent. In order to improve the performance of the foam concrete, a certain amount of active admixture, aggregate, fiber, other additives and the like can be added on the basis.
Active admixtures often used in foamed concrete include fly ash, pozzolan, slag powder, tailings powder, and the like. The compressive strength of the foam concrete can be improved to a certain extent or the dosage of the cement can be reduced by adding a certain amount of the active material into the foam concrete, but the strength is reduced by excessively adding the active material. At present, the mixing amount of the tailing powder and the like can be increased to 30 percent at most, and the compressive strength is obviously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the inventor improves the dosage of the tailing powder in the foam concrete by improving the formula, and all properties of the obtained foam concrete meet the industrial standards of the building industry, particularly the compressive strength is obviously improved.
The invention relates to a foam concrete, which is prepared from the following raw materials,
wherein the content of each component is calculated by weight portion.
The foamed concrete in the invention is also called foamed cement, light foamed soil, bubble mixed light soil, foamed light concrete and the like.
In certain embodiments, the foamed concrete of the present invention is characterized by one or more of the following i) to vi):
i) the content of the inorganic cementing material is 2-5 parts, such as 3 parts or 4 parts;
ii) the content of the tailing powder is 5-8 parts, such as 6 parts, 6.5 parts, 7 parts, 7.5 parts, 7.8 parts and 8 parts;
iii) the water content is 4.5-8 parts, such as 5 parts, 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 5 minutes;
iv) a blowing agent in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 parts, for example 0.02 parts, 0.03 parts, 0.05 parts, 0.06 parts, 0.08 parts, 0.1 parts, 0.12 parts, 0.15 parts, 0.2 parts;
v) the content of the exciting agent is 0.02-0.1 part, such as 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part, 0.06 part, 0.07 part and 0.08 part;
vi) the thickener is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2 parts, for example, 0.015 parts, 0.04 parts, 0.09 parts, 0.1 parts, 0.15 parts.
In certain embodiments, the foamed concrete of the present invention comprises, in parts by weight:
in certain embodiments, the inorganic cementitious material of the present invention is cement or portland cement clinker, preferably, the cement is portland cement.
In certain embodiments, the tailings fines of the present invention comprise, in weight percent: SiO 2230-90％、Al2O33-20％、Fe2O30-30％、CaO 0-30％、MgO 0-30％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2240-80％、Al2O35-20％、Fe2O30-15％、CaO 0-10％、MgO 0-10％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2250-70％、Al2O38-18％、Fe2O35-12％、CaO 0-5％、MgO 0-5％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2250-60％、Al2O310-15％、Fe2O38-10％、CaO 0-1％、MgO 0-1％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2260-70％、Al2O310-15％、Fe2O34-8％、CaO 1-3％、MgO 1-5％，
In certain embodiments, the tailings powders of the present invention have a particle size of 0.074mm or less.
In certain embodiments, the tailings powders of the present invention are sillimanite tailings powders or mesostrip hillite tailings powders.
In certain embodiments, the excitant of the invention is selected from potassium silicate and water glass.
In certain embodiments, the excitant of the invention is a mixture of potassium silicate and water glass, preferably in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 5, for example 1: 3.
In certain embodiments, the thickeners of the present invention are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylamide.
In certain embodiments, the thickener of the present invention is a mixture of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide, preferably in a weight ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide of from 1:2 to 4:0.8 to 1.2, for example 1:3: 1.
In certain embodiments, the foaming agent of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of a plant foaming agent, an animal foaming agent, a composite foaming agent. The foaming agent meets the requirements of the national building material industry standard JC/T2199-2013 foaming agent for foam concrete.
In certain embodiments, the foaming agent of the present invention is formulated from sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), sodium lauryl sulfate (K12), coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide (6501), cellulose, a redispersible emulsion powder, a preservative, and water.
In certain preferred embodiments, the cellulose is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
In certain preferred embodiments, the redispersible latex powder is a water-soluble white or off-white flowable powder, which is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate with polyvinyl alcohol as a protective colloid.
In certain preferred embodiments, the preservative is selected from sorbic acid or salts thereof, benzoic acid or salts thereof, and paraben preservatives.
In certain embodiments, the blowing agent of the present invention comprises the following components in parts by weight:
in certain embodiments, the blowing agents of the present invention are formulated by: adding water into a reaction kettle, starting the reaction kettle, heating and stirring, adding AES, uniformly stirring, adding K12, 1, uniformly stirring, adding 6501, continuously uniformly stirring, adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, uniformly stirring, adding redispersible latex powder, continuously uniformly stirring, adding preservative, and uniformly stirring to obtain the product.
The invention also relates to a method for preparing said foamed concrete, comprising the following operations:
mixing and stirring the inorganic cementing material, the tailing powder, the thickening agent, the exciting agent and part of water uniformly to form slurry;
mixing the foaming agent with the rest water, and foaming by adopting foaming equipment to obtain foam, wherein the ratio of the foaming agent to the water is preferably 1:30-70, such as 1:40, 1:45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60 and 1: 65;
mixing the slurry and the foam to obtain foam concrete; and optionally also (c) a second set of one or more of,
the foamed concrete is molded and allowed to set.
The invention also relates to the application of the foam concrete in buildings and structures.
The invention also relates to the application of the foam concrete in the construction of roads, railways, pipelines, tunnels, bridges, canals, dams, ports, airports and ocean platforms.
The invention also relates to the use of said foamed concrete as a backfill material. For example, the material can be used as a backfill material for roadbed filling parts such as road widening, soft foundation replacement and filling, bridge span reduction, abutment back backfilling and the like; the method can also be used for backfilling the top of the subway station and a foundation pit, backfilling the special roadbed of the subway and backfilling the subway shield interval; the method can also be applied to backfill parts such as widened high-speed rail subgrades and special high-speed rail subgrades, and backfill parts such as tunnel tops, tunnel inlets and outlets, tunnel shield intervals and tunnel collapse.
The foam concrete can also be applied to the aspects of roof heat preservation, underground garage roof filling, cast-in-place wall bodies and the like.
The invention also relates to a foam concrete product which is prepared from the foam concrete.
In certain embodiments, the foamed concrete article is a foamed cement panel, a foamed concrete block, or a building component.
Definition of terms
In the present invention, the term "inorganic binding material" refers to a substance which can be changed from slurry into hard solid by itself through a series of physical and chemical actions or after being mixed with other substances (such as water, etc.) through a series of physical and chemical actions, and can bind particulate materials (such as stone, sand, etc.) or block and sheet materials (such as brick, stone, etc.) into a whole, such as cement, lime, gypsum, portland cement clinker, etc.
In the present invention, the term "cement" refers to a powdery hydraulic inorganic binder which is mixed with water to form a slurry, can be hardened in the air or in water, and can firmly bind sand, stone and the like together, including but not limited to portland cement (portland cement) and sulphoaluminate cement.
In the present invention, the term "portland cement" refers to general portland cement defined in the national standard GB175-2007 general portland cement, and includes portland cement and ordinary portland cement.
In the present invention, the term "portland cement clinker" refers to portland cement clinker defined in national standard GB175-2007 portland cement, and is composed of mainly CaO and SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The raw material of (1) is ground into fine powder according to a proper proportion and is sintered to be partially molten to obtain a hydraulic gelled substance with calcium silicate as a main mineral component, wherein the calcium silicate mineral is not less than 66 percent, calcium oxide and oxygenThe silicon oxide mass ratio is not less than 2.0.
In the present invention, the percentage% is by mass.
In the present invention, the term "water glass" refers to sodium silicate, the formula of which is Na2O·nSiO2Including liquid sodium silicate and solid sodium silicate. The liquid sodium silicate and the solid sodium silicate meet the requirements specified in the national standard GB/T4209-2008 industrial sodium silicate.
In the present invention, the term "potassium silicate" refers to the industrial potassium silicate described in the industry Standard HG/T4131-2010 Industrial potassium silicate, including solid potassium silicate and liquid potassium silicate. The solid potassium silicate and the liquid potassium silicate meet the requirements specified in the industry standard HG/T4131-2010 industrial potassium silicate.
In the present invention, the term "tailing powder" refers to tailings or other industrial waste residues discharged after mineral separation of a metal or nonmetal mine, and the powdery material obtained by grinding the metal or nonmetal mine with cement clinker grinding equipment includes, but is not limited to, lead-zinc ore tailing powder, copper ore tailing powder, iron ore tailing powder, nonferrous metal ore tailing powder, gold ore tailing powder, and the like. Preferably, the particle size of the tailing powder is not more than 0.074 mm. The particle size is measured by a screening method, and the adopted equipment is a cement standard sieve specified in the national standard GB3350.7 Standard Sieve of Cement physical inspection instruments.
In the present invention, the term "plant foaming agent" refers to a foaming agent prepared by using plant polymer materials, such as rosin, tea saponin, etc., as main raw materials through a series of complex chemical reactions, such as HTN type foaming agent produced by henan huatai new materials gmbh, and a composite foaming agent disclosed in CN 101684047A.
In the present invention, the term "animal foaming agent" refers to a foaming agent having high stability formed by a series of hydrolysis reactions using animal skins, bones, hairs, etc. as raw materials, for example, FP-180 animal cement foaming agent manufactured by shandong linyi kotai company, animal cement foaming agent manufactured by shandong wei hui new foaming agent factory, etc.
In the present invention, the "composite blowing agent" includes: HTW-1 type composite foaming agent produced by Henan China Thai New Material science and technology Co., Ltd, foaming agent produced by Guangdong Guansheng Co., Ltd, cement foaming agent produced by Hill mountain Sanhe science and technology Co., Ltd, LV-HF series cement foaming agent produced by tobacco terrace Green forest machine, etc.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects
The inventor improves the formula, improves the use amount of the tailing powder in the foam concrete, and the obtained foam concrete has various properties, such as compressive strength, thermal conductivity and water absorption, which all meet the national building material industry standard JG/T266-2011 foam concrete. The use amount of the tailing powder is increased in the foam concrete, so that not only can mine wastes be effectively utilized, but also the cost of the foam concrete can be obviously reduced, the environment protection is facilitated, and the foam concrete has obvious economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The raw materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all the raw materials or equipment are conventional products which can be obtained commercially.
Materials used in the following examples:
exciting agent A: is prepared by mixing potassium silicate and water glass according to the weight ratio of 1: 3.
Exciting agent B: is prepared by mixing triethanolamine and water glass according to the weight ratio of 1: 3.
Exciting agent C: is prepared by mixing potassium sulfate and water glass according to the weight ratio of 1: 3.
Exciting agent D: is prepared by mixing potassium silicate and water glass according to the weight ratio of 1: 2.
Exciting agent E: is prepared by mixing potassium silicate and water glass according to the weight ratio of 1: 5.
Water glass: the sodium silicate is liquid sodium silicate and a qualified product purchased in the market, and the product meets the national standard GB/T4209-2008 industrial sodium silicate.
Potassium silicate: the product is liquid potassium silicate, a qualified product purchased in the market, and meets the industrial standard of HG/T4131-2010 industrial potassium silicate.
Thickening agent: is prepared by mixing hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide according to the weight ratio of 1:3: 1.
Foaming agent: is prepared from the following raw materials:
the preparation method of the foaming agent comprises the following steps: adding water into a reaction kettle, starting the reaction kettle, heating and stirring, adding AES, uniformly stirring, adding K12, uniformly stirring, adding 6501, continuously uniformly stirring, adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, uniformly stirring, adding redispersible emulsion powder, continuously uniformly stirring, finally adding preservative, and uniformly stirring to obtain the product.
Portland cement clinker and 425 cement: are all conventional products which are purchased commercially.
Foaming equipment: the Huatai HT-80 type foam concrete special machine is purchased from Henan Huatai New Material science and technology Co.
Example 1
Raw materials: by weight, 3 parts of portland cement clinker, 8 parts of tailing powder, 8 parts of water, 0.2 part of foaming agent, 0.03 part of exciting agent A and 0.2 part of thickening agent.
The tailing powder adopted in the embodiment is silver mountain lead-zinc ore tailing powder, and the tailing powder mainly comprises the following components: SiO 2258.7％、Al2O313.41％、Fe2O38.62 percent, CaO 0.33 percent, MgO 0.48 percent, and the grain diameter is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and stirring Portland cement clinker, tailing powder, a thickening agent, an exciting agent and part of water uniformly to form slurry;
(2) mixing the foaming agent with the rest water, and foaming by adopting foaming equipment, wherein the ratio of the foaming agent to the water is 1: 50;
(3) and (2) pumping the slurry obtained in the step (1) into a mixer through a hose pump, mixing the slurry with the foam conveyed by the pipeline, and timely mixing the slurry and the foam in a spiral mixing mode to form the foam concrete.
Pouring and molding the foam concrete formed in the step (3), demolding after 24 hours, and naturally curing for 28 days to obtain the foam concrete with the dry density of 300kg/m3The foam concrete.
Example 2
Raw materials: by weight, 3 parts of portland cement clinker, 7.8 parts of tailing powder, 6 parts of water, 0.15 part of foaming agent, 0.02 part of exciting agent A and 0.15 part of thickening agent.
The tailing powder adopted in the embodiment is silver mountain lead-zinc ore tailing powder, and the tailing powder mainly comprises the following components: SiO 2258.52％、Al2O311.42％、Fe2O38.74 percent, CaO 0.23 percent, MgO 0.42 percent, and the grain diameter is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
The above raw materials were made to a dry density of 350kg/m using the preparation method described in example 13The foam concrete.
Example 3
Raw materials: by weight, 3 parts of portland cement clinker, 7.5 parts of tailing powder, 5 parts of water, 0.1 part of foaming agent, 0.04 part of exciting agent A and 0.1 part of thickening agent.
The tailing powder adopted in the embodiment is the tailing powder of the Zhongtiaoshan copper ore, and the tailing powder mainly comprises the following components: SiO 2268.76％、Al2O312.68％、Fe2O35.31 percent, CaO 2.03 percent, MgO 3.16 percent, and the grain diameter is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
The above raw materials were made to a dry density of 400kg/m using the preparation method described in example 13The foam concrete.
Example 4
Raw materials: by weight, 425 parts of cement, 7 parts of tailing powder, 5 parts of water, 0.1 part of foaming agent, 0.08 part of exciting agent A and 0.1 part of thickening agent.
The tailing powder adopted in the embodiment is the tailing powder of the Zhongtiaoshan copper ore, and the tailing powder mainly comprises the following components: SiO 2268.65％、Al2O312.7％、Fe2O35.37 percent of CaO, 2.02 percent of CaO, 3.18 percent of MgO, and the grain diameter is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
The above raw materials were made to a dry density of 450kg/m using the preparation method described in example 13The foam concrete.
Performance detection
The properties of the foam concrete prepared in examples 1 to 4 were tested according to the method specified in the national building industry Standard JG/T266-2011 foam concrete. The test piece specification for testing dry density, water absorption and compressive strength is a cube of 100 mm. The test piece for testing thermal conductivity was a 300mm by 30mm cube. The specific test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test data
As can be seen from Table 1, the foam concrete prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention has the compressive strength of 0.5 to 1.1Mpa, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of 0.08 to 0.13W/(m.k), good heat preservation effect and excellent performance, completely meets the requirements of the national building industry standard JG/T266-2011 foam concrete, and can be widely used as high-filling prescription in capital construction and as heat preservation and energy saving material in house construction.
Example 5:
raw materials: by weight, 3 parts of portland cement clinker, 6 parts of tailing powder, 4.5 parts of water, 0.03 part of foaming agent, 0.1 part of exciting agent A and 0.09 part of thickening agent.
The tailing powder adopted in the embodiment is the tailing powder of the Zhongtiaoshan copper ore, and the tailing powder mainly comprises the following components: SiO 2268.76％、Al2O312.68％、Fe2O35.31 percent, CaO 2.03 percent, MgO 3.16 percent, and the grain diameter is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
The above raw materials were made to a dry density of 350kg/m using the preparation method described in example 13The foam concrete.
Example 6
Raw materials: by weight, 3 parts of portland cement clinker, 7 parts of tailing powder, 6 parts of water, 0.01 part of foaming agent, 0.06 part of exciting agent A and 0.04 part of thickening agent.
The tailing powder adopted in the embodiment is the tailing powder of the Zhongtiaoshan copper ore, and the tailing powder mainly comprises the following components: SiO 2268.76％、Al2O312.68％、Fe2O35.31 percent, CaO 2.03 percent, MgO 3.16 percent, and the grain diameter is less than or equal to 0.074 mm.
The above raw materials were made to a dry density of 600kg/m using the preparation method described in example 13The foam concrete.
Example 7
Raw materials: by weight, 3 parts of portland cement clinker, 7.5 parts of tailing powder, 5.25 parts of water, 0.006 part of foaming agent, 0.03 part of exciting agent A and 0.015 part of thickening agent.
The tailing powder adopted in the embodiment is the tailing powder of the Zhongtiaoshan copper ore, and the tailing powder mainly comprises the following components: SiO 2268.76％、Al2O312.68％、Fe2O35.31 percent, CaO 2.03 percent, MgO 3.16 percent, and the grain diameter is less than or equal to 0.074 mm. The above raw materials were prepared to have a dry density of 840kg/m using the preparation method described in example 13The foam concrete.
Performance detection
The properties of the foam concrete prepared in examples 5 to 7 were tested according to the method specified in the national building industry Standard JG/T266-2011 foam concrete. The test piece specification for testing dry density, water absorption and compressive strength is a cube of 100 mm. The test piece for testing thermal conductivity was a 300mm by 30mm cube. The test results show that the dry density, water absorption, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the foam concrete prepared in examples 5-7 all meet the requirements of the national building industry standard JG/T266-2011 foam concrete.
Experimental example 1 Effect of different activators on the Strength of foam concrete
Raw materials for the control:
the kinds and amounts of the silicate cement clinker, the tailing powder, water, the foaming agent and the thickener in the raw materials of the control samples 1 and 2 were the same as those in example 6, and the amount of the activator was the same as that in example 6 except that the kind of the activator was different. The exciting agent used in control 1 was exciting agent B, and the exciting agent used in control 2 was exciting agent C.
The above raw materials were made into a foam concrete by the preparation method described in example 1.
The dry density and compressive strength of the control sample 1 and the control sample 2 were tested according to the method specified in the national building industry standard JG/T266-2011 foam concrete, and the test piece specification was a cube of 100mm x 100 mm. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of different activators on compressive Strength
The result shows that the foam concrete obtained by mixing the potassium silicate and the water glass as the excitant has better compression resistance under the same proportion.
Experimental example 2 influence of the ratio of potassium silicate to water glass on the strength of foam concrete
Raw materials for the control:
the types and amounts of portland cement clinker, tailings powder, water, foaming agent, and thickener in the raw materials of control 3 and control 4 were the same as in example 5, and the amount of the activator was the same as in example 5, except that the type of the activator was different. The excitant used in the control 3 is excitant D, and the excitant used in the control 4 is excitant E.
The above raw materials were made into a foam concrete by the preparation method described in example 1.
The dry density and compressive strength of the control sample 1 and the control sample 2 were tested according to the method specified in the national building industry standard JG/T266-2011 foam concrete, and the test piece specification was a cube of 100mm x 100 mm. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of different activators on compressive Strength
The results show that when potassium silicate and water glass are mixed as an activator, and the ratio of potassium silicate to water glass is 1:3, the compressive property of the obtained foam concrete is better.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A foam concrete is prepared from raw materials including the following components,
wherein the content of each component is calculated by weight portion.
2. The foamed concrete according to claim 1, characterized by one or more of the following i) to vi):
i) the content of the inorganic cementing material is 2-5 parts, such as 3 parts or 4 parts;
ii) the content of the tailing powder is 5-8 parts, such as 6 parts, 6.5 parts, 7 parts, 7.5 parts, 7.8 parts and 8 parts;
iii) the water content is 4.5-8 parts, such as 5 parts, 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 5 minutes;
iv) a blowing agent in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 parts, for example 0.02 parts, 0.03 parts, 0.05 parts, 0.06 parts, 0.08 parts, 0.1 parts, 0.12 parts, 0.15 parts, 0.2 parts;
v) the content of the exciting agent is 0.02-0.1 part, such as 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part, 0.06 part, 0.07 part and 0.08 part;
vi) the thickener is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2 parts, for example, 0.015 parts, 0.04 parts, 0.09 parts, 0.1 parts, 0.15 parts.
3. The foamed concrete of claim 1 comprising, in parts by weight:
4. the foamed concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the inorganic cementitious material is cement or portland cement clinker,
preferably, the cement is ordinary portland cement.
5. The foamed concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the tailings fines contain, in weight percent: SiO 2230-90％、Al2O33-20％、Fe2O30-30％、CaO 0-30％、MgO 0-30％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2240-80％、Al2O35-20％、Fe2O30-15％、CaO 0-10％、MgO 0-10％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2250-70％、Al2O38-18％、Fe2O35-12％、CaO 0-5％、MgO 0-5％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2250-60％、Al2O310-15％、Fe2O38-10％、CaO 0-1％、MgO 0-1％，
Preferably, the tailing powder contains the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2260-70％、Al2O310-15％、Fe2O34-8％、CaO 1-3％、MgO 1-5％，
Preferably, the grain diameter of the tailing powder is less than or equal to 0.074mm,
preferably, the tailings powder is silver mountain lead zinc ore tailings powder or middle stripe mountain copper ore tailings powder.
6. The foamed concrete of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the booster is selected from the group consisting of potassium silicate and water glass,
preferably, the activator is a mixture of potassium silicate and water glass, and the preferred weight ratio of potassium silicate to water glass is 1: 2-5, such as 1: 3.
7. The foamed concrete of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the thickener is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide,
preferably, the thickener is a mixture of hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide, and the weight ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose, the polyvinyl alcohol and the polyacrylamide is preferably 1: 2-4: 0.8-1.2, such as 1:3: 1.
8. The foamed concrete of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of a plant foaming agent, an animal foaming agent, a composite foaming agent;
preferably, the foaming agent is prepared from sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), sodium dodecyl sulfate (K12), coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide (6501), a preservative and water.
Preferably, the content of each component in the foaming agent is as follows in parts by weight:
preferably, the cellulose is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose;
preferably, the preservative is selected from sorbic acid or salts thereof, benzoic acid or salts thereof and parabens preservatives;
preferably, the foaming agent is prepared by the following method: adding water into a reaction kettle, starting the reaction kettle, heating and stirring, adding AES, uniformly stirring, adding K12, 1, uniformly stirring, adding 6501, continuously uniformly stirring, adding hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, uniformly stirring, adding redispersible latex powder, continuously uniformly stirring, adding preservative, and uniformly stirring to obtain the product.
9. Method for producing the foamed concrete according to claims 1 to 8, comprising the following operations:
mixing and stirring the inorganic cementing material, the tailing powder, the thickening agent, the exciting agent and part of water uniformly to form slurry;
mixing the foaming agent with the rest water, and foaming by adopting foaming equipment to obtain foam, wherein the ratio of the foaming agent to the water is preferably 1:30-70, such as 1:40, 1:45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60 and 1: 65;
mixing the slurry and the foam to obtain foam concrete; and optionally also (c) a second set of one or more of,
the foamed concrete is molded and allowed to set.
10. Use of the foamed concrete of claims 1 to 8 in buildings, structures.
11. Use of the foamed concrete of claims 1 to 8 for the construction of roads, railways, pipes, tunnels, bridges, canals, dams, ports, airports, ocean platforms.
12. Use of the foamed concrete according to claims 1 to 8 as backfill material.
13. A foamed concrete article made from the foamed concrete of claims 1-8.
14. The foamed concrete article of claim 13 wherein the foamed concrete article is a foamed cement panel, a foamed concrete block, or a building component.
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Application publication date: 20200519 |