CN115849838A - Low-alkali concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-alkali concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115849838A CN115849838A CN202211313593.8A CN202211313593A CN115849838A CN 115849838 A CN115849838 A CN 115849838A CN 202211313593 A CN202211313593 A CN 202211313593A CN 115849838 A CN115849838 A CN 115849838A
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical group O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920013822 aminosilicone Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses low-alkali concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the pH value of the low-alkali concrete is reduced to 10.4 and the strength of the low-alkali concrete is higher than 42.5MPa by adding a mineral admixture with a certain proportion, so that the low-alkali concrete can be used for fiber reinforced composite bars and concrete structures, a low-alkali service environment is provided for the fiber reinforced composite bars, the etching degree of the fiber reinforced composite bars in the low-alkali concrete is reduced, and the durability of the fiber reinforced composite bar low-alkali concrete structure is improved. Meanwhile, after the process is optimized, the low-alkali concrete has excellent use strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building material, in particular to low-alkali concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is the most widely used and most used building material in the world at present. It plays an irreplaceable role in the engineering construction fields of buildings, highways, civil aviation, water conservancy and hydropower and the like. However, with the wide application of concrete structures, the problem of concrete cracks is more and more prominent. The high-performance concrete is widely applied to the construction industry due to excellent mechanical property and durability, but the preparation of the high-performance concrete has higher requirements on the performance of various raw materials.
In the prior art, the low-alkali concrete material still has the problems of etching and serious performance degradation under a strong alkali environment. Therefore, a seawater and sea sand low-alkali concrete capable of realizing a low-alkali service environment is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, in order to solve the problems that in the prior art, etching still occurs in a strong alkali environment and the performance is seriously degraded, the invention provides low-alkali concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the low-alkali concrete comprises the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
13.1 to 32.7 percent of cement, 37.3 to 47.1 percent of coarse aggregate, 20.9 to 27.1 percent of sea sand, 6.5 to 8.2 percent of water, 0 to 9.8 percent of mineral admixture and 0.56 to 0.98 percent of water reducing agent.
Further, the cement is 42.5-grade low-alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement.
Furthermore, the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, and the content of hemihydrate gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60% and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%.
Further, the coarse aggregate is continuous graded natural macadam, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5-31.5 mm.
Further, the water is artificially prepared seawater.
Further, the water reducing agent is a QL-50 type high-efficiency water reducing agent.
In addition, the application also provides a preparation method of the low-alkali concrete, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Further, the coarse aggregate is obtained by performing impregnation treatment and heat treatment.
Further, the impregnation treatment is as follows: adding the coarse aggregate into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent, and stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 500-1000 r/min.
Further, the temperature of the heat treatment is 280-300 ℃, and the time is 1-2 h.
In the scheme, by optimizing the formula and adding the mineral admixture with a certain proportion, the pH value is reduced to 10.4, and the strength is greater than 42.5MPa, so that the low-alkali concrete can be used for a fiber reinforced composite bar low-alkali concrete structure, a low-alkali service environment is provided for the fiber reinforced composite bar, the etching degree of the fiber reinforced composite bar in the low-alkali concrete is reduced, and the durability of the fiber reinforced composite bar low-alkali concrete structure is improved. Meanwhile, the industrial byproduct phosphogypsum can be effectively utilized, and the method is economical and environment-friendly. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and is favorable for application in building engineering.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments thereof. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The low-alkali concrete in one embodiment of the invention comprises the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
13.1 to 32.7 percent of cement, 37.3 to 47.1 percent of coarse aggregate, 20.9 to 27.1 percent of sea sand, 6.5 to 8.2 percent of water, 0 to 9.8 percent of mineral admixture and 0.56 to 0.98 percent of water reducing agent.
In one embodiment, the cement is added in an amount of 17.1 to 23.8 percent, preferably 19.3 percent by mass.
In one embodiment, the mineral admixture is added in an amount of 0.7 to 7.3% by mass, preferably 5.1% by mass.
In one embodiment, the cement is a 42.5 grade low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement.
In one embodiment, the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, and the content of the hemihydrate gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60 percent, and the content of the dihydrate gypsum is less than 4 percent.
In one embodiment, the coarse aggregate is continuously graded natural macadam, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5-31.5 mm.
In one embodiment, the water is artificially made seawater.
In one embodiment, the water reducer is a QL-50 type high-efficiency water reducer.
In addition, the application also provides a preparation method of the low-alkali concrete, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
In one embodiment, the coarse aggregate is obtained by performing impregnation treatment and heat treatment. The coarse aggregate is treated and reused, so that the coarse aggregate is favorably and uniformly dispersed in a low-alkali concrete system, and the agglomeration is reduced.
In one embodiment, the impregnation treatment is: adding the coarse aggregate into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent, stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 500-1000 r/min, and then drying and crushing.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the heat treatment is 280-300 ℃ and the time is 1-2 h.
In one embodiment, the volume ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the amino silicone oil and the silane coupling agent is 1-5. The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the amino silicone oil have synergistic effect, so that the surface energy of pores in the low-alkali concrete can be reduced, the absorption of moisture is reduced, and the fluidity is improved. The low-alkali concrete has excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and stable property on the whole by combining with the mineral admixture.
In the scheme, by optimizing the formula and adding the mineral admixture with a certain proportion, the pH value is reduced to 10.4, and the strength is greater than 42.5MPa, so that the low-alkali concrete can be used for a fiber reinforced composite bar low-alkali concrete structure, a low-alkali service environment is provided for the fiber reinforced composite bar, the etching degree of the fiber reinforced composite bar in the low-alkali concrete is reduced, and the durability of the fiber reinforced composite bar low-alkali concrete structure is improved. Meanwhile, the industrial byproduct phosphogypsum can be effectively utilized, and the method is economical and environment-friendly. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and is favorable for application in building engineering.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
according to the mass percentage, the low-alkali concrete is prepared from the following raw materials:
19.3% of cement, 43.1% of coarse aggregate, 24.3% of sea sand, 7.3% of seawater, 5.1% of mineral admixture and 0.7% of water reducing agent, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, the content of semi-hydrated gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60%, and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%;
a preparation method of low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent in a volume ratio of 3. Then, uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Example 2:
according to the mass percentage, the low-alkali concrete is prepared from the following raw materials:
23.5% of cement, 43.1% of coarse aggregate, 20.3% of sea sand, 7.3% of seawater, 5.1% of mineral admixture and 0.7% of water reducing agent, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, the content of hemihydrate gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60%, and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%;
a preparation method of low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent in a volume ratio of 5. Then uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Example 3:
according to the mass percentage, the low-alkali concrete is prepared from the following raw materials:
20.3% of cement, 42.1% of coarse aggregate, 23.3% of sea sand, 8.2% of seawater, 5.4% of mineral admixture and 0.7% of water reducing agent, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, the content of semi-hydrated gypsum in the phosphogypsum is more than 60%, and the content of dihydrate gypsum is less than 4%;
a preparation method of low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent in a volume ratio of 4. Then, uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Comparative example 1:
the difference from the example 3 is only that the preparation raw materials and the mixture ratio of the preparation raw materials are different, and the mineral admixture is not added in the comparative example 1, which specifically comprises the following steps: 24.5% of cement, 43.1% of coarse aggregate, 24.3% of sea sand, 7.4% of seawater and 0.7% of water reducing agent. The preparation method is the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2:
the difference from the example 3 is only that the addition amount of the mineral admixture is different, specifically: the mineral admixture accounts for 11 percent of the mass percent, and the preparation method is the same as that of the example 3.
Comparative example 3:
the difference from example 3 is that in comparative example 3, the mineral admixture was replaced with silica fume and the other preparation method was the same as example 3.
Comparative example 4:
the difference from example 3 is that the process is different, the raw material for preparation of comparative example 4 is the same as example 3, and the process for preparation of comparative example 4 is as follows:
a preparation method of low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Comparative example 5:
the difference from example 3 is that the treatment process of coarse aggregate is different, the preparation raw material of comparative example 5 is the same as example 3, and the preparation process of comparative example 5 is as follows:
a preparation method of low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent in a volume ratio of 10;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
Comparative example 6:
compared with the example 3, the difference between the comparative example 6 and the example 3 is that the treatment process of the coarse aggregate is different, the rest is the same as the example 3, and the process of the comparative example 6 is concretely as follows:
a preparation method of low-alkali concrete comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and a silane coupling agent in a volume ratio of 5;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
The low alkali concrete of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to the performance test, and the results are shown in table 1 below.
The test method comprises the following steps: respectively putting the low-alkali concrete prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-6 into a mould; placing the mould filled with the low-alkali concrete on a vibrating table for vibrating, standing the test piece in an indoor environment for natural curing after vibration forming, watering the periphery of the mould, and covering the surface of the mould with a waterproof plastic film; standing for 24 hours, then removing the mold, continuously standing the test piece in an indoor environment for natural maintenance, watering the test piece no less than twice a day during the maintenance period, and keeping the surface of the test piece moist; after curing for 28 days, the test pieces were taken out and left to stand for 1 day.
(1) Testing the axial compressive strength: a C088-01 type 500-ton voltage servo press adopts a displacement control mode in an axial compression test, and the loading rate is 0.18mm/s.
(2) And (3) pH value test: placing the test piece into a constant temperature and humidity box with the relative humidity of 100% and the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ for water saturation, drilling 3 holes with the diameter of about 5mm and the depth of 25mm, taking out the low-alkali concrete powder, injecting 0.4ml of deionized water by using an injector, fixing an acrylic gasket on an orifice by using epoxy resin glue, plugging a conical rubber plug into the gasket, placing the gasket back into the constant temperature and humidity box for 7 days, taking out the gasket, and measuring the pH value of the pore liquid by using a LabSen241-3 micro sample pH electrode.
Table 1:
as can be seen from the data analysis of Table 1, the low alkali concrete prepared in the present application has excellent axial compressive strength, comparative example 1 has no phosphogypsum added, but the pH reduction effect is inferior to that of the present application, and comparative example 2 has a high mineral admixture added amount, but the axial compressive strength is reduced; in comparative example 3, the mineral admixture was replaced with silica fume, which has excellent strength but shows no significant pH lowering effect; comparative examples 4 to 6 are all technically different, and show that the coarse aggregate of the present application, after being treated, is helpful to improve the axial compressive strength of the low alkali concrete, and the pH reduction effect is close to that of the present application. As a complete technical scheme, the low-alkali concrete with the applicable strength and pH can be obtained, and the application field of the low-alkali concrete is further increased.
All possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The low-alkali concrete is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials in percentage by mass:
13.1 to 32.7 percent of cement, 37.3 to 47.1 percent of coarse aggregate, 20.9 to 27.1 percent of sea sand, 6.5 to 8.2 percent of water, 0 to 9.8 percent of mineral admixture and 0.56 to 0.98 percent of water reducing agent.
2. The low alkali concrete according to claim 1, wherein the cement is 42.5 grade low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement.
3. The low alkali concrete according to claim 1, wherein the mineral admixture is phosphogypsum, and the phosphogypsum contains more than 60% of hemihydrate gypsum and less than 4% of dihydrate gypsum.
4. The low alkali concrete according to claim 1, wherein the coarse aggregate is a continuous graded crushed stone, and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 5mm to 31.5mm.
5. The low alkali concrete according to claim 1, wherein the water is artificially prepared seawater.
6. The low alkali concrete according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a QL-50 type high efficiency water reducing agent.
7. A method for preparing low-alkali concrete, which is used for preparing the low-alkali concrete as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
uniformly stirring the coarse aggregate and the sea sand to obtain a mixture A;
adding cement and mineral admixture into the mixture A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B;
uniformly stirring the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixture C;
and adding the mixture C into the mixture B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the low-alkali concrete.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the coarse aggregate is obtained by impregnation treatment and heat treatment.
9. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 8, wherein the impregnation treatment is: adding the coarse aggregate into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amino silicone oil and a silane coupling agent, and stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 500-1000 r/min.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 280 ℃ to 300 ℃ for 1 hour to 2 hours.
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