CN115849662A - Flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter pressing enhanced high-water-content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method - Google Patents
Flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter pressing enhanced high-water-content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention designs a flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter pressing enhanced high-water-content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method, which comprises the following steps: s1, conveying sludge slurry into a sedimentation tank for deslagging; s2, automatically flowing the slurry subjected to slag removal into a concentration tank; s3, pumping the slurry at the bottom of the concentration tank to a conditioning tank by a small cutter suction ship; s4, adding a framework material before the slurry in the conditioning tank enters a plate-and-frame filter press; and S5, conveying the slurry added with the framework material to a plate-and-frame filter press for dehydration. The application provides a flocculation is united plate and frame filter-pressing and is reinforceed high moisture content and dredged silt rapid dehydration method, adopts the environmental protection desilting + sedimentation tank + concentration tank + homogenization pond + plate and frame filter press dehydration's technology technological process, and the mud that will protect the dredging of cutter suction dredger is through each link such as sediment edulcoration, mud concentration, medicament conditioning, filter-pressing dehydration, mud cake transport, finally forms the mud cake that the moisture content is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sludge dehydration, and particularly relates to a flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter pressing enhanced high-water-content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method.
Background
The sludge (the sludge is not limited to the sludge dredged in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, but also comprises shield slurry, drilling grouting slurry, engineering waste slurry for underground continuous wall construction and the like) dredged in the environment-friendly way has the characteristics of high water content, high clay content, low non-drainage strength, high compressibility, small permeability and the like, and is poor in engineering property and difficult to directly utilize. Most of the sludge is directly treated by yard filling. Dredged sludge in a storage yard is very slow in self-weight deposition, consolidation and dehydration, and the sludge often contains heavy metals, nutrient salts, organic pollutants and the like, and the pollutants can be separated out along with the prolonging of time, so that soil pollution and underground water pollution are caused, and the ecological environment is damaged. Traditional yard disposal methods are increasingly limited due to the slow occupation of large land resources by natural drainage consolidation.
Chinese patent CN109354376B discloses a daily maintainability dredging method for sediment of medium and small water bodies, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of 1, putting aluminum salt particles and alkaline mineral powder in a bottom mud area in advance, and raking the bottom mud to perform bottom mud pre-flocculation treatment; step 2, bonding the rigid fibers into loose agglomerated elastic aggregate, and spraying a cationic flocculant; step 3, putting the elastic aggregate into water to enable the elastic aggregate to freely sink, and covering the water bottom with the elastic aggregate; step 4, dragging and raking the elastic aggregate back and forth to roll on the bottom mud surface, enabling a large amount of floating mud to be agglomerated on the elastic aggregate, and gradually dehydrating and compacting under water due to mechanical movement to form sludge balls with density far higher than that of the floating mud; and 5, raking the sludge balls, and when the sludge balls are compressed to be obviously not easy to deform, continuously dragging and raking the sludge balls to move the sludge balls away from the shore. Although the flocculation material is used, the flocculation effect of the flocculant used is poor, and the compression effect is obviously poor because the flocculant is compressed by raking sludge balls.
Chinese patent CN216785966U discloses a river and lake sludge modified dewatering system, comprising: the device comprises a stirring device, a first feeding device, a homogenizing tank, a slurry pump, a second feeding device and a plate-and-frame filter press, wherein a discharge port of the stirring device is communicated with the homogenizing tank, a discharge port of the first feeding device is communicated with the stirring device, and lime is arranged in the first feeding device; the discharge port of the homogenizing tank is communicated with the feed port of the slurry pump through a pipeline, the discharge port of a second feeding device is communicated with the pipeline, and a flocculating agent is arranged in the second feeding device; the discharge hole of the slurry pump is communicated with the feed inlet of the plate-and-frame filter press. The flocculant used therein contains lime, which causes serious environmental pollution.
In view of the problem of low dehydration rate of filter pressing dehydration of a plate frame by singly using a flocculation conditioner, a sludge dehydration method is urgently needed to be designed, and the technical effect of realizing high-efficiency dehydration is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, long dehydration time and high water content after dehydration in the sludge dehydration process in the prior art, the flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter-pressing enhanced high-water-content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method is designed to realize the reduction of the dehydration rate of sludge.
The flocculation and plate-frame filter pressing combined method for strengthening the rapid dehydration of the dredged sludge with high water content comprises the following steps:
s1, conveying sludge slurry into a sedimentation tank for deslagging;
s2, automatically flowing the slurry subjected to slag removal into a concentration tank;
s3, pumping the slurry at the bottom of the concentration tank to a conditioning tank by a small cutter suction ship;
s4, adding a framework material before the slurry in the conditioning tank enters a plate-and-frame filter press;
and S5, conveying the slurry added with the framework material to a plate-and-frame filter press for dehydration.
Preferably, in the step S1, the settling mode in the settling tank includes natural settling, a grid is arranged at an inlet of the slurry entering the settling tank, and a slag remover is arranged in the pipeline conveying process.
Preferably, in the step S2, a slope is provided at the bottom of the concentration tank, and the slope is 12% to 15%.
Preferably, the bottom of the concentration tank is provided with a sludge taking port, and a small cutter suction boat is arranged at the sludge taking port.
Preferably, in step S3, two methods for processing the supernatant in the concentration tank are:
the method comprises the following steps: enabling the supernatant to flow into an overflow area, detecting the SS value of the supernatant, and starting a pump to pump water in the overflow area to convey the water to a residual water treatment area if the SS value meets the discharge standard;
the second method comprises the following steps: and (3) enabling the supernatant to flow into the overflow area, detecting the SS value of the supernatant, continuing to precipitate if the SS value does not meet the discharge standard, and starting a pump to pump water in the overflow area to the residual water treatment area after the SS value of the supernatant meets the discharge standard.
Preferably, in step S3, the conditioning tank includes a chemical stirring tank, a slurry conditioning tank, a chemical stirrer, a slurry stirrer, and a dosing pump;
the medicament stirring tank is communicated with the slurry conditioning tank through a medicament feeding pump;
a medicament stirrer is arranged in the medicament stirring pool;
the slurry conditioning pool is provided with a slurry stirrer.
Preferably, the water used in the medicament stirring tank is derived from tail water filtered by a plate-and-frame filter press.
Preferably, the medicament stirrer and the slurry stirrer both adopt a helical ribbon type stirring paddle.
Preferably, the skeleton material is added in the following manner:
and (3) enabling the slurry in the conditioning tank to pass through an S-shaped pipe from top to bottom, wherein a medicament spray head made of framework materials is arranged in a pipeline of the S-shaped pipe.
Preferably, each layer of the S-shaped pipe is 10m in length;
5 medicament injection heads are arranged on the branch pipe on the uppermost layer of the S-shaped pipe;
and flow switches are arranged at the feeding port and the discharging port of the S-shaped pipe to control the flow of the inlet and outlet mud.
The application has the advantages and effects as follows:
1. this application improves concentrated pond, sets up bottom of the pool slope 12% -15%, and the design is concentrated on getting in the mud mouth with mud, and most soil body granule is through long-time deposit, and the deposit forms the higher mud of concentration and slides to getting the mud mouth and concentrate on the adverse slope, has strengthened the concentrated effect of mud.
2. The application designs a composite flocculant: compounding chitosan and APAM1800 ten thousand molecular weight anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the mass concentration of the chitosan is 1.4 per thousand, the mass concentration of the APAM is 1 per thousand, and the mass concentration is the mass ratio of solid particles to distilled water; v1 (chitosan): v2APAM =1:1; the chitosan is added firstly in the adding sequence, then the anionic polyacrylamide is added, according to the concentration, the mixture is poured into a medicament stirring tank and added with water for stirring and dissolving, the concentration of the flocculant is controlled in real time by a monitoring system, the concentration monitoring equipment is arranged in the medicament stirring tank, the concentration control water inflow in a medicament stirring area is monitored in real time according to monitoring data, the flocculant can enable smaller clay particles to form larger flocs, the sludge-water separation is accelerated, and in addition, the SS value, the COD, the BOD, the ammonia nitrogen and the like in the residual water can be removed quickly and effectively.
3. The frame material of the plate-and-frame filter press provided by the application can strengthen the flocculation dehydration effect of the steps, and adopts an adding mode of multi-point injection in a pipeline and an up-down S-shaped pipe mixing mode. The turbulent flow effect is generated due to the fact that the flow direction of the mud is not consistent with the bending direction of the pipeline in the flowing process of the S-shaped bent pipe, and the turbulent flow has a strong mixing effect to uniformly mix the framework material and the conditioned mud; the slurry added with the framework material has the advantages that in the plate frame filter pressing process, the particle size of slurry particles is increased, a pore structure is formed, a drainage channel is enlarged, the dehydration resistance is reduced, and the outflow of water is accelerated. Meanwhile, the water quality of tail water can be improved by adding a plate-frame filter-pressing framework material, so that the dehydrated water quality reaches the discharge standard. And nutrient salts such as heavy metals, organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like can be stabilized in the mud cakes.
4. Compared with a common filter plate, the sawtooth type membrane filter plate is provided with a row of raised sawtooth type membranes in a modeling mode, when a squeezing medium (such as compressed air) is introduced to the rear side of the membrane, the raised sawtooth type membranes with the squeezing pressure of 130-150MPa can bulge out towards the direction of a filter chamber, and filter cakes are squeezed for the second time. During secondary pressing, the convex zigzag membranes of the left and right filter plates are deeply inserted into mud cakes, so that a drainage channel is enlarged, and the water content of the filter cakes can be 5-10% lower than that of the common membrane filter plates.
5. This application flows back the tail water of plate and frame filter-pressing to medicament stirring pond, make full use of the active ingredient in the tail water, can promote mud flocculation and precipitation. The tail water formed by plate-and-frame filter pressing contains a large amount of residual soluble substances, after the tail water is collected in a washing tank, washing liquid is firstly used for washing filter cloth of the filter press, the water after the cloth of the plate-and-frame filter press is washed returns to the washing tank through a liquid outlet pipeline, and after the washing operation is finished, the tail water stored in the washing tank is sent to a medicament stirring tank by a water pump and is used for dissolving a flocculating agent.
6. The invention provides a flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter pressing reinforced high-water-content dredging sludge rapid dehydration method, which adopts the technical process of environment-friendly dredging, a sedimentation tank, a concentration tank, a homogenization tank and a plate-and-frame filter press dehydration to finally form a mud cake with the water content of less than 40% by carrying out precipitation, impurity removal, mud concentration, medicament conditioning, filter pressing and dehydration, mud cake conveying and other links on the mud dredged by an environment-friendly cutter suction dredger.
7. The invention provides a set of plate and frame filter pressing technology which is characterized in that a flocculating agent is prepared in advance, a framework material is added, and a sawtooth type diaphragm filter plate is adopted. The improved process firstly promotes the tiny solid particles in the slurry to be agglomerated together to form a larger floccule through the actions of a compression double electric layer, an adsorption bridge and the like of the flocculating agent, separates out the moisture adsorbed among the particles due to the electric charge, and improves the convenience for the subsequent filter pressing. In view of the fact that the effect of single use of the flocculation conditioner on the filter pressing and dewatering of the plate frame is not ideal, on the basis of flocculation conditioning, further searching for a skeleton construction agent capable of releasing sludge moisture is very important. The 'skeleton' in the sludge dewatering process is constructed by adding inorganic inert materials such as fly ash, phosphogypsum and the like, the dewatering speed of the plate-and-frame filter press dewatering process is improved, and the water content of a mud cake is reduced. By combining with the framework construction agent, the dosage of the flocculating agent can be properly reduced, and the construction cost is effectively controlled. The sawtooth type diaphragm filter plate is additionally provided with the sawtooth type drainage plate on the basis of the common diaphragm filter plate, a drainage channel of slurry in the filter pressing process is increased, and the water content of a mud cake is further reduced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, so that the technical means of the present application can be more clearly understood and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the following detailed description is made with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter-pressing enhanced high-water-content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method provided by the application;
FIG. 2 is an optimized flow chart of the flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter-pressing enhanced high-water-content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method provided by the application;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a mud thickening tank provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a reagent agitation zone and a slurry conditioning zone provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a skeletal material addition system provided herein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a multi-point injection of a skeletal material provided herein;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a plate and frame filter pressing apparatus provided herein;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a serrated diaphragm filter plate as provided herein;
reference numerals: 1. a concentration tank; 2. taking a mud port; 3. a small cutter suction vessel; 4. an overflow area; 5. a waste water treatment area; 6. a medicament stirring tank; 7. a slurry conditioning tank; 8. a medicament blender; 9. a slurry mixer; 10. a dosing pump; 11. an S-shaped pipe; 12. a medicament ejection head; 13. a concentration monitoring device; 14. a framework material; 15. a sawtooth diaphragm filter plate; 16. an air compressor; 17. a pneumatic diaphragm pump; 18. a gas storage tank; 19. a pressure gauge; 20. a thrust plate; 21. filtering a plate; 22. a filtration chamber; 23. a water outlet groove; 24. a hydraulic pump; 25. a sludge outlet pipeline; 26. a flow meter; 27. and (5) slurry pumps.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help the embodiments of the present application be fully understood. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the embodiments for clarity and conciseness.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "the present embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Further, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.
The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: the three cases of A alone, B alone and A and B together exist, and the term "/and" in this document describes another associated object relationship, which means that two relationships may exist, for example, A/and B, which may mean: a alone, and both a and B alone, and further, the character "/" in this document generally means that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
The term "at least one" herein is merely an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, at least one of a and B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
Example 1
The present embodiment mainly introduces the basic design of the flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter-pressing enhanced high water content dredged sludge rapid dehydration method, and the flow chart of the design refers to fig. 1, which includes the following steps:
step S1, sending sludge slurry to a sedimentation tank for deslagging;
s2, automatically flowing the slurry subjected to slag removal into a concentration tank 1;
s3, pumping the slurry at the bottom of the concentration tank 1 to a conditioning tank by a small cutter suction ship 3;
s4, adding a framework material 14 before the slurry in the conditioning tank enters a plate-and-frame filter press;
and S5, conveying the slurry added with the framework material 14 to a plate-and-frame filter press for dehydration.
Further, in the step S1, the sedimentation mode in the sedimentation tank comprises natural sedimentation, a grating is arranged at the inlet of the mud entering the sedimentation tank, and a slag remover is arranged in the pipeline conveying process.
Further, in the step S2, a slope is formed at the bottom of the concentration tank 1, and the slope is 12% to 15%.
Further, a sludge taking port 2 is designed at the bottom of the concentration tank 1, a small cutter suction boat 3 is arranged at the sludge taking port 2, and the specific design please refer to fig. 3.
Further, in the step S3, two methods for processing the supernatant in the concentration tank 1 are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: enabling the supernatant to flow into an overflow area 4, detecting the SS value of the supernatant, and starting a pump to pump water in the overflow area 4 to a residual water treatment area 5 if the SS value meets the discharge standard;
the second method comprises the following steps: and (3) enabling the supernatant to flow into the overflow area 4, detecting the SS value of the supernatant, continuing to precipitate if the SS value does not meet the discharge standard, and starting a pump to pump water in the overflow area 4 to be conveyed to the residual water treatment area 5 after the SS value of the supernatant meets the discharge standard.
Further, in the step S3, the conditioning tank includes a chemical stirring tank 6, a slurry conditioning tank 7, a chemical stirring machine 8, a slurry stirring machine 9, and a dosing pump 10; please refer to fig. 4 for specific design.
The medicament stirring tank 6 is communicated with the slurry conditioning tank 7 through a medicament feeding pump 10;
a medicament stirrer 8 is arranged in the medicament stirring pool 6;
the slurry conditioning tank 7 is provided with a slurry stirrer 9.
Furthermore, the water used by the medicament stirring tank 6 is derived from tail water which is filtered by a plate-and-frame filter press.
Further, the medicament stirrer 8 and the slurry stirrer 9 both adopt a helical ribbon type stirring paddle.
Further, please refer to fig. 5 for a specific design of the framework material 14, the addition method is as follows:
the slurry in the conditioning tank passes through an S-shaped pipe 11 from top to bottom, and a medicine spray head 12 made of a framework material 14 is arranged in a pipeline of the S-shaped pipe 11, and the specific design is shown in fig. 6.
Further, the length of each layer of the pipeline of the S-shaped pipe 11 is 10m;
5 medicament injection heads 12 are arranged on the branch pipe at the uppermost layer of the S-shaped pipe 11;
and flow switches are arranged at the feeding port and the discharging port of the S-shaped pipe 11 to control the flow of the inlet and outlet mud.
This application improves concentrated pond, sets up bottom of the pool slope 12% -15%, and the design is concentrated on getting in the mud mouth with mud, and most soil body granule is through long-time deposit, and the deposit forms the higher mud of concentration and slides to getting the mud mouth and concentrate on the adverse slope, has strengthened the concentrated effect of mud.
This application flows back the tail water of plate and frame filter-pressing to medicament stirring pond, make full use of the active ingredient in the tail water, can promote mud flocculation and precipitation. The tail water formed by plate and frame filter pressing contains a large amount of residual soluble substances, after the tail water is collected in a washing tank, washing liquid is firstly used for washing filter cloth of the filter press, the water after washing the cloth of the plate and frame filter press returns to the washing tank through a liquid outlet pipeline, and after the washing work is finished, the tail water stored in the washing tank is sent to a medicament stirring tank by a water pump to be used for dissolving a flocculating agent.
The invention provides a flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter pressing reinforced high-water-content dredging sludge rapid dehydration method, which adopts the technical process of environment-friendly dredging, a sedimentation tank, a concentration tank, a homogenization tank and a plate-and-frame filter press dehydration to finally form a mud cake with the water content of less than 40% by carrying out precipitation, impurity removal, mud concentration, medicament conditioning, filter pressing and dehydration, mud cake conveying and other links on the mud dredged by an environment-friendly cutter suction dredger.
If the water content of the mud cake is lower than 40%, the mud cake can be mixed with coal in a certain proportion and used as fuel for combustion; can also be mixed with other materials to be used as building raw materials for making bricks, cement and the like.
Example 2
Based on the foregoing embodiment 1, the present embodiment mainly introduces an optimization design of a flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter-pressing enhanced high water content dredging sludge rapid dehydration method, please refer to fig. 2, and fig. 2 is an optimization flowchart of the flocculation combined plate-and-frame filter-pressing enhanced high water content dredging sludge rapid dehydration method provided in the present application, which specifically includes:
s1, conveying sludge slurry into a sedimentation tank for deslagging;
s2, automatically flowing the slurry after deslagging into a concentration tank 1;
s3, pumping the slurry at the bottom of the concentration tank 1 to a conditioning tank by a small cutter suction ship 3;
s4, adding a framework material 14 before the slurry in the conditioning tank enters a plate-and-frame filter press;
and S5, conveying the slurry added with the framework material 14 to a plate-and-frame filter press for dehydration.
Further, the specific method in step S1 is: the environment-friendly dredging equipment is utilized to pump sludge slurry to the sedimentation tank through the pipeline, and if the dredging construction area is far away from the sludge treatment center, a connecting ship needs to be arranged to convey the slurry. The settling mode can be divided into natural settling, arranging a grid at the inlet of the slurry entering the settling tank or arranging a slag remover in the pipeline conveying process. The main function is to remove medium gravels with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 5mm, larger gravels, various garbage and the like. The impurities precipitated include larger stones, aquatic weeds, phytoplankton, household garbage and the like. The waste is transported by a belt conveyor to a waste pond and is treated by a sanitation department. The slurry after deslagging automatically flows into a concentration tank 1.
Further, the specific method of step S2 is: the slurry after deslagging automatically flows into a concentration tank 1, the bottom of the tank is provided with a down slope, and the slope is 12% -15%. When the gradient exceeds 15%, the residence time of the mud on the slope surface is too short, the mud slides into the mud taking port 2 quickly, and the water content of the mud in the mud taking port 2 is still higher than 100%. When the gradient is less than 12%, the slow concentration time of the slurry particles sinking under the action of gravity is prolonged, and at the moment, although the water content of the slurry in the slurry taking port 2 is lower than 85%, the concentration period is greatly prolonged, and the construction efficiency is reduced. The design of bottom of the pool has gets mud mouth 2, is equipped with small-size cutter suction boat 3 in the pond, and concentrated pond 1 is the main settling zone of mud fine particle, and mud is through long-time the sediment, and the deposit forms dense mud layer and slides to getting mud mouth 2 and concentrate on the adverse slope, gets concentrated mud in the mud mouth 2 and is pumped to the pond of taking care through mud pipeline 25 by small-size cutter suction boat 3, and positive messenger dense mud layer constantly to getting mud mouth 2 and sliding to collect. Supernatant fluid flows into the overflow area 4, detects the SS value of supernatant fluid, if the SS value satisfies discharge standard, starts the pump and pumps the water of overflow area 4 and carry to the excess water treatment district 5, if not up to standard, continues the sediment, until supernatant fluid SS value satisfies discharge standard. The slurry in the overflow zone 4 is pumped further to the conditioning tank. The overflow area 4 mainly further makes the tiny mud particles deposit in the pool, reduces the pollutant content in the residual water and lightens the pressure of the residual water treatment system.
Further, the specific method in step S3 is: the slurry in the concentration tank 1 is pumped to the conditioning tank by a small cutter suction ship 3. The whole conditioning system: comprises a medicament stirring tank 6, a slurry conditioning tank 7, a medicament stirrer 8, a slurry stirrer 9 and a medicament feeding pump 10. The whole mud conveying system is communicated by a pipeline. The water used in the reagent stirring tank 8 comes from the tail water which is pressed and filtered by the plate-and-frame filter press, and the flocculant is remained in the tail water and flows into the reagent stirring tank 6 again, so that the full utilization of the reagent can be realized. The prepared medicament is conveyed to a homogenizing pool of a slurry conditioning pool 7 by a medicament adding pump 10, and a flocculating agent and slurry are fully stirred and uniformly mixed by a slurry stirrer 9. The medicament stirring machine 8 and the slurry stirring machine 9 both adopt helical ribbon type stirring paddles, and the helical ribbon type stirring structure is beneficial to more sufficient contact between materials and ensures small resistance movement of the mixed materials in the stirring tank.
Most flocculants are solid particles or powder and need to be dissolved in advance to prepare a solution. The technology provides a composite flocculant according to an indoor graduated cylinder test: compounding chitosan and APAM1800 ten thousand molecular weight anionic polyacrylamide, wherein the mass concentration of the chitosan is 1.4 per thousand, and the mass concentration of the APAM is 1 per thousand; v1 (chitosan): v2APAM =1:1; the adding sequence is that firstly chitosan is added, and then anionic polyacrylamide is added.
Comparative example 1: synthetic organic polymer flocculant
And (3) conditioning the concentrated slurry by adopting a synthetic organic polymeric flocculant. The synthesized organic polymeric flocculant has APAM molecular weight of 1800 ten thousand, and mass concentrations of 0.4 per thousand, 0.6 per thousand, 1.0 per thousand, 1.5 per thousand and 2.0 per thousand respectively, and is stirred for 3min at a speed of 100 r/min. The prepared flocculant solution is used within 2 h. A glass measuring cylinder with the specification of 500ml is selected for indoor tests. 400ml of dredged sludge which is stirred evenly and 100ml of flocculant solution are poured into a beaker, and are stirred continuously until the dredged sludge and the flocculant solution are in a uniform state, so that 500ml of mixed solution is prepared. 400ml of mixed liquid is poured into a measuring cylinder, a glass rod is used for drainage in the pouring process to avoid bubbles generated in the pouring process to influence the test result, and a preservative film is used for sealing and capping after the test is finished to prevent water from losing. Standing and observing for 1 week, stopping observation when the height of the mud-water separation interface is not changed obviously, recording the sedimentation volume of the sludge and the relevant test data of the height change of the mud-water interface at different moments, and detecting the turbidity value and the pH value of the residual water after the test is finished. Test results show that when 7d of slurry is stable in deposition and 0.6 per mill of APAM is used alone, the sedimentation value is the largest, the mud-water separation interface is as low as 190ml, the pH value is 8.24, and the overlying water turbidity value is 28.33NTU.
Comparative example 2: adopts natural organic polymer flocculant
And (3) conditioning the concentrated slurry by adopting a natural organic polymeric flocculant. The natural organic polymeric flocculant is chitosan CTS with mass concentrations of 1.0 ‰, 1.3 ‰, 1.5 ‰, 1.8 ‰, and 2.0 ‰, and is stirred at 200r/min for 3min. The prepared flocculant solution is used within 2 h. A glass measuring cylinder with the specification of 500ml is selected for indoor tests. 400ml of evenly stirred dredged sludge and 100ml of flocculant solution are poured into a beaker, and are continuously stirred until the dredged sludge is in a uniform state, so as to prepare 500ml of mixed liquor. And pouring 400ml of mixed solution into a measuring cylinder, draining by using a glass rod in the pouring process to avoid the influence of bubbles generated in the pouring process on the test result, and sealing and capping by using a preservative film after the test is finished to prevent water loss. Standing and observing for 1 week, stopping observing when the height of the mud-water separation interface is not changed obviously, recording the sedimentation volume of the sludge and the relevant test data of the height change of the mud-water interface at different moments, and detecting the turbidity value and the pH value of the residual water after the test is finished. Test results show that when 7d of slurry is stable in deposition, when 1.8 per mill of chitosan is used alone, the sedimentation value is the largest, the mud-water separation interface is as low as 175ml, the pH value is 8.24, and the turbidity value of overlying water is 11.11NTU.
Comparative example 3: compound flocculant
The technology provides a conditioning formula of a composite flocculant according to an indoor graduated cylinder test. The chitosan CTS has the mass concentration of 1.4 per mill, 1.8 per mill and 2.2 per mill respectively; 9 groups of compound tests are carried out on APAM1800 ten thousand molecular weight anionic polyacrylamide with mass concentrations of 0.2 per thousand, 0.6 per thousand and 1.0 per thousand respectively, and V1 (chitosan): v2APAM =1:1, the adding sequence is that firstly chitosan is added, and then APAM is added. A glass measuring cylinder with the specification of 500ml is selected for indoor tests. And pouring 400ml of uniformly stirred dredging sludge and 50ml of chitosan solution into a beaker, mixing and stirring for 2min, pouring 50ml of APAM solution into the beaker after complete stirring, continuously mixing and stirring until the solution is uniform, and preparing 500ml of mixed solution. 400ml of mixed liquid is poured into a measuring cylinder, a glass rod is used for drainage in the pouring process to avoid bubbles generated in the pouring process to influence the test result, and a preservative film is used for sealing and capping after the test is finished to prevent water from losing. Standing and observing for 1 week, stopping observation when the height of the mud-water separation interface is not changed obviously, recording the sedimentation volume of the sludge and the relevant test data of the height change of the mud-water interface at different moments, and detecting the turbidity value and the pH value of the residual water after the test is finished. The test result shows that the mass concentration of the chitosan is 1.4 per mill, the mass concentration of the APAM is 1 per mill, the sedimentation value of a mud-water separation interface is the largest and is as low as 184ml, the pH value is 8.27, and the turbidity value of overlying water is 6.37NTU. Under the mixing amount of the compound flocculant, the mixing amount of chitosan and APAM is reduced by half, the sedimentation result which is the same as that of a single mixing test can be achieved, the turbidity value is lower, the pH value of residual water meets the discharge standard within the Integrated wastewater discharge Standard GB 8978-19966-9.
Pouring the mixture into a medicament stirring tank 6 according to the compound concentration, adding water, stirring and dissolving, and controlling the concentration of the flocculating agent in real time through a monitoring system. And a concentration monitoring device 13 is arranged in the medicament stirring pool 6, and the concentration of the medicament stirring area is monitored in real time according to monitoring data to control the water inflow.
Be equipped with mud concentration monitoring facilities 13 in the homogenization pond, carry out real time monitoring to the flocculation material addition according to monitoring data, guarantee the stability of system and the saving of material addition. The mud pump 27 is provided with a flowmeter 26 and a pressure gauge 19, and detects the feeding amount and the feeding pressure of mud, so that the flow rate of the dosing pump 10 and the feeding flow rate of the mud are coordinated, and the construction efficiency is highest.
Further, the specific method in step S4 is: before the slurry conditioned by the flocculating agent enters a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing, inorganic inert materials such as fly ash, phosphogypsum, sawdust and the like can be added to construct a framework in the sludge dewatering process, so that the dewatering speed of the plate-and-frame filter press dewatering process is improved, and the water content of a mud cake is reduced.
Manner of adding the framework material 14: the multi-point spraying in the pipeline can ensure that the framework material 14 and the feeding slurry are uniformly mixed by adopting the spraying mode, and prevent the medicament from being wrapped by the feeding slurry and not fully contacted and fused with the slurry when one point of spraying is carried out.
The mixing mode is as follows: to the upper and lower S-shaped tubes 11. The length of each layer of pipeline of the S-shaped elbow is 10m, 5 medicament injection heads 12 are installed on the branch pipe on the uppermost layer, and flow switches are arranged at the feeding port and the discharging port to control the flow of inlet and outlet mud. The diameter of the elbow is 4-6D, and D is the diameter of the pipeline. The S-shaped bent pipe is a section of continuous bent pipe with larger tortuosity, the slurry generates turbulence effect due to the fact that the flow direction of the slurry is inconsistent with the bending direction of the pipeline in the flowing process of the S-shaped bent pipe, and the turbulence has strong mixing effect to uniformly mix the framework material 14 and the conditioned slurry; on the other hand, the flow path is prolonged, and the mixing time of the medicament and the mud is increased.
The framework material 14 comprises a material A, a material B and a material C. The content of the material A is 20-30wt%, the content of the material B is 30-40wt%, and the content of the material C is 40-50wt%. The material A comprises fly ash, phosphogypsum and zeolite powder, wherein the content of the fly ash is 30-40wt%, the content of the phosphogypsum is 30-40wt%, and the content of the zeolite powder is 30-40wt%. The material B comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and calcium lignosulfonate, wherein the content of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 50-60wt%, and the content of the calcium lignosulfonate is 40-50wt%. The material C contains calcium chloride and ferric sulfate, wherein the content of the calcium chloride is 40-50wt%, and the content of the ferric sulfate is 50-60wt%. The materials are solid powder, and the particle size of the solid powder is 35-65 meshes, namely 0.25-0.5 mm, and the particle size of the solid powder can be increased when the solid powder is mixed into slurry. Suppose that the optimal doping amount of the framework material 14 is c (kg/m) according to indoor tests 3 ) The flow velocity of the pipeline is q (m/s), the cross-sectional area of the pipeline is A (m) at the inlet time t(s) 2 ) The mass of the added framework material 14 is cqtAkg. The framework material 14 of the plate-and-frame filter press provided by the technology can strengthen the flocculation dehydration effect of the steps, increase the particle size of slurry particles in the plate-and-frame filter press process, form a pore structure, increase a drainage channel, reduce the dehydration resistance and accelerate the outflow of water. Meanwhile, the plate frame filter-pressing framework material 14 is added to improve the quality of tail water, so that the quality of dehydrated water reaches the discharge standard. And nutrient salts such as heavy metals, organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like can be stabilized in the mud cakes. The results of the laboratory tests show that the d50 (median particle size of the sludge) is enlarged to 1.3 times the original particle size after the addition of the framework material 14.
For example, in the ecological dredging test engineering area of the brook lake, the particle size of sludge particles is mainly fine clay particles, the d50 (median particle size of the sludge) is about 14.27 microns, and the average proportion of the particles below 16 microns is 58.55 percent. The proportion of the particles with the particle size of more than 16 mu m in the fine particle sludge is less than 20 percent, and the capacity of the plate frame machine is greatly reduced.
In the indoor test, sludge with different particle sizes is mixed in different proportions and then subjected to a plate frame dehydration test, so that the influence of the particle sizes of the sludge on the dehydration efficiency of the plate frame is obtained. Keeping the feeding time for 20min, the squeezing time for 15min and the formula of the flocculating agent uniform.
TABLE 1 influence of sludge particle size on dewatering efficiency of plate and frame filter presses
| Serial number | Particle size of sludge | Thickness of mud cake cm | Weight kg of mud cake | Has water content of% |
| 1 | 100% coarse particles | 1.42 | 4.7 | 21.54 |
| 2 | 60% coarse particles +40% fine particles | 1.35 | 4.35 | 21.91 |
| 3 | 20% coarse particles +80% fine particles | 1.3 | 4.05 | 22.81 |
| 4 | 100% of fine particles | 1.28 | 3.95 | 22.98 |
The test result shows that the thickness of the sludge is increased by 10%, the weight is increased by 18.9% and the water content is reduced by 1.5% under the same condition as the sludge particles are increased from 100% of fine particles to 100% of coarse particles. The particle size of the fed slurry is increased to a certain extent, so that the water content of the mud cake can be effectively reduced, and the thickness of the mud cake is increased. The addition of the plate frame filter pressing framework material 14 can solve the problems of small particle size and poor dehydration effect in the original slurry.
Further, please refer to fig. 3 for the specific design in step S5, the specific method is as follows:
after the framework material 14 is added into the S-shaped mud conveying pipeline, the uniformly mixed mud is conveyed to a 600-square plate-and-frame filter press by a pneumatic diaphragm pump 17 of a feeding pump of the filter press for dehydration as shown in figure 6, the stable feeding pressure is 100-120MPa, the squeezing pressure is 130-150MPa, and the plate opening period of the filter press can be controlled within 1.5h generally. The plate-and-frame filter press mainly comprises a frame, filter plates 21, filter cloth, a hydraulic pump 24, a matched diaphragm pump, an air compressor 16, an air storage tank 18 and the like. The filter plates 21 and the filter cloth sandwiched between the filter plates 21 are alternately arranged to form filter chambers 22. When the filtration starts, slurry enters each filtering chamber 22 through the feed inlets of the thrust plate 20 and the pressing plate under the feeding pressure of the feeding pump, and is filtered through the filter cloth, so that solid is left in the filtering chamber 22 to form a filter cake, and liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet channel. In order to further reduce the water content of the filter cake, compressed air can be introduced from the air inlet, part of water in the filter cake is taken away by the air infiltration filter cake layer, and the compressed air can also be introduced into the inner cavity of the diaphragm filter plate 21 to extrude the filter cake, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the water content.
After the diaphragm is squeezed, the water content of the filter cake can be effectively reduced, and the filter cake can be separated from the filter cloth, so that the mud cake can be conveniently removed. Compared with a common filter press, the water content of the filter cake can be reduced by 10-30% under the normal condition.
The filter pressing system separates the homogenized slurry with 15 percent of feeding concentration into a mud cake with the water content less than or equal to 40 percent and tail water with the turbidity value less than 20NTU through a series of processes of feeding, squeezing, pressure relief, back flushing, discharging and the like. Air compressor machine 16 provides compressed air, for diaphragm pump and diaphragm filter plate 21 provide power, compressed air mainly is as feeding pressure, diaphragm filter plate 21 squeezes the gas with, pneumatic valve gas is used, in addition after the filter-pressing process is ended, compressed air can regard as blowback gas with the gas with remaining mud in the pipeline, gaseous blowback returns the storage mud jar, waits for next filter-pressing, when preventing that the plate frame pressure filter from opening, wet mud can not pollute mud cake or filter cloth cover, blowback system schematic diagram is seen in figure 7.
The tail water recycling system is as shown in figure 7: the tail water formed by plate and frame filter pressing contains a large amount of residual soluble substances, after the tail water is collected in a washing tank, washing liquid is firstly used for washing filter cloth of the filter press, the water after washing the cloth of the plate and frame filter press returns to the washing tank through holes C and D, and after the washing work of the filter press is finished, the tail water stored in the washing tank is sent to a medicament stirring tank 6 by a water pump to be used for dissolving a flocculating agent.
The design of the zigzag diaphragm filter plate 15 refers to fig. 8: when a pressing medium (such as compressed air) is introduced behind the membrane, the movable membrane with a pressing pressure of 130-150MPa bulges out in the direction of the filter chamber, i.e. the filter cake is pressed under high pressure again after the end of the filtration process. The water content of the filter cake is 10-30% lower than that of the common filter plate 21 by the filtering process of the membrane filter plate 21, and a large amount of subsequent cost can be saved. The technology adopts a sawtooth type diaphragm as shown in figure 8, the mud cake is inserted more deeply in the special diaphragm form during air intake, a drainage channel is enlarged, and the water content of the mud cake pressed and filtered by the sawtooth type diaphragm filter plate 15 is 5-10% lower than that of the mud cake pressed and filtered by the common diaphragm filter plate 21. The depth of insertion is greater than 0.5d (d being the thickness of the filter chamber 22). The slope foot inserted into the filter plate 21 is preferably 3-5%, which is beneficial to the filtrate to be rapidly collected downwards under the action of gravity. The middle material is hard PVC plate material, watchThe surface sawtooth type bulges are made of polypropylene filter cloth, the pore size of the filter cloth can be determined according to the particle size of slurry, and O is required to be satisfied 90 ≤2-3D 85 And O is 50 ≤10-12D 50 ；O 90 、O 50 The pore diameter value D is the corresponding pore diameter value when the ratio of the pore diameter smaller than a certain pore diameter in the filter cloth is 90 percent and 50 percent respectively 85 、D 50 The content of soil particles smaller than a certain particle size in the slurry is 85% and 50%, respectively. The design of the zigzag type membrane filter plate 15 is shown in fig. 8.
According to the standard of geotechnical test method GB/T50123-2019, the water content W before entering a filter press is measured 0 (%), the concentration of the conditioned slurry detected by the concentration detection equipment in the conditioning pool is c (kg/m) 3 ) The flow velocity in the mud inlet pipeline is v (m/s), the feeding time is T(s), the cross sectional area of the feeding pipeline is A (square meter), and the mud inlet volume is vTA (m) 3 ) The mass of the sludge entering is cvTA (kg) and is recorded as M 0 (kg). After completion of the press filtration, the mass M1 (kg) of the cake was weighed, and the water content W1 (%) of the cake was measured. Q is the effluent quality in the filter pressing process.
M 0 ＝cvTA
q-water flow rate m 3 /s
Q-Water yield m in measurement time 3
t-time of measuring water flow s
L-diaphragm plate insertion effective length m
Δ h-height m of the filter chamber 22
Thereby obtaining
Assuming N serration plates, each serration has an insertion depth of L = L/N, and satisfies an insertion depth of more than 0.5d (d is a thickness of the filter chamber 22). The interval d of the serrated plates is (1/10-1/8) delta h.
The filter-press formed mud cake can be finally obtained and can be used for backfill engineering of foundation pits and mine pits, greening soil for urban gardens, embankment bank protection engineering, sea filling land making engineering and port and wharf engineering. If the water content of the mud cake is lower than 40%, the mud cake can be mixed with coal in a certain proportion and used as fuel for combustion; can also be mixed with other materials to be used as building raw materials for making bricks, cement and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Variations, modifications, substitutions, integrations and parameter changes of the embodiments may be made without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, which may be within the spirit and principle of the invention, by conventional substitution or may realize the same function.
Claims (10)
1. The flocculation and plate-frame filter pressing combined method for strengthening the rapid dehydration of the dredged sludge with high water content is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, conveying sludge slurry into a sedimentation tank for deslagging;
s2, automatically flowing the slurry subjected to slag removal into a concentration tank (1);
s3, pumping the slurry at the bottom of the concentration tank (1) to a conditioning tank through a small cutter suction ship (3);
s4, adding a framework material (14) before the slurry in the conditioning tank enters a plate-and-frame filter press;
and S5, conveying the slurry added with the framework material (14) to a plate-and-frame filter press for dehydration.
2. The method for rapidly dewatering dredged sludge with high water content by filter pressing and strengthening through a flocculation combined plate and frame filter press as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the sedimentation mode in the sedimentation tank comprises natural sedimentation, a grating is arranged at the inlet of the sludge entering the sedimentation tank, and a slag remover is arranged in the pipeline conveying process.
3. The method for enhancing the rapid dehydration of the dredged sludge with high water content by the flocculation and plate-and-frame filter pressing combined according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step S2, the bottom of the concentration tank (1) is provided with an inverted slope, and the slope is 12% -15%.
4. The method for rapidly dehydrating the dredged sludge with high water content by filter pressing and strengthening through the flocculation combined plate and frame filter pressing of claim 3, characterized in that a sludge taking port (2) is designed at the bottom of the concentration tank (1), and a small cutter suction vessel (3) is arranged at the sludge taking port (2).
5. The flocculation and plate-and-frame filter-pressing combined method for enhancing the rapid dehydration of the dredged sludge with high water content according to any one of the claims 1 or 2, wherein in the step S3, the method for treating the supernatant in the concentration tank (1) comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: enabling the supernatant to flow into the overflow area (4), detecting the SS value of the supernatant, and starting a pump to pump water in the overflow area (4) to be conveyed to the residual water treatment area (5) if the SS value meets the discharge standard;
the second method comprises the following steps: and (3) enabling the supernatant to flow into the overflow area (4), detecting the SS value of the supernatant, continuing to precipitate if the SS value does not meet the discharge standard, and starting a pump to pump water in the overflow area (4) to be conveyed to the residual water treatment area (5) after the SS value of the supernatant meets the discharge standard.
6. The method for rapidly dehydrating the dredged sludge with high water content by filter pressing and strengthening of the flocculation and plate frame combined as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the conditioning pond comprises a medicament stirring pond (6), a slurry conditioning pond (7), a medicament stirring machine (8), a slurry stirring machine (9) and a medicament feeding pump (10);
the medicament stirring tank (6) is communicated with the slurry conditioning tank (7) through a medicament feeding pump (10);
a medicament stirrer (8) is arranged in the medicament stirring pool (6);
the slurry conditioning pool (7) is provided with a slurry stirrer (9).
7. The flocculation and plate-and-frame filter-pressing combined enhanced high water content dredging sludge rapid dewatering method according to claim 6, characterized in that the used water of the agent stirring tank (6) is derived from tail water filtered out by a plate-and-frame filter press.
8. The method for enhancing the rapid dehydration of the dredged sludge with high water content by the flocculation and plate frame filter pressing combined as per any one of the claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the medicament stirrer (8) and the slurry stirrer (9) both adopt a helical ribbon type stirring paddle.
9. The method for enhancing the rapid dehydration of the high water content dredged sludge through the flocculation combined with the plate-and-frame filter pressing according to any one of the claims 1, 2 or 6, characterized in that the framework material (14) is added in the following manner:
and the slurry in the conditioning pool passes through an S-shaped pipe (11) from top to bottom, and a medicament spraying head (12) made of framework materials (14) is arranged in a pipeline of the S-shaped pipe (11).
10. The method for rapid dewatering of high water content dredged sludge intensified by press filtration of flocculation combined plate and frame according to claim 9, characterized in that the length of each layer of the pipeline of the S-shaped pipe (11) is 10m;
5 medicament injection heads (12) are arranged on the branch pipe at the uppermost layer of the S-shaped pipe (11);
and flow switches are arranged at the feeding port and the discharging port of the S-shaped pipe (11) to control the flow of the inlet and outlet mud.
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| CN117602796A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-02-27 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Vertical sludge dewatering system and dewatering method based on artificial neural network |
| CN117756371A (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-26 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Chemical conditioning and dewatering control method for reservoir sediment sludge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117602796A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-02-27 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Vertical sludge dewatering system and dewatering method based on artificial neural network |
| CN117602796B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-05-24 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Vertical sludge dewatering system and dewatering method based on artificial neural network |
| CN117756371A (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-03-26 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Chemical conditioning and dewatering control method for reservoir sediment sludge |
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