CN115838886A - Die-casting magnesium alloy and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Die-casting magnesium alloy and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
In order to overcome the problem of insufficient ductility and toughness of the existing magnesium alloy, the invention provides a die-casting magnesium alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5 to 13 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 2 percent of Cu, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 3.5 percent of Mn and/or Zr, 0.5 to 6.5 percent of Al, 0.001 to 0.09 percent of Ca, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Si, 0.4 to 2.0 percent of Y, 0.1 to 3 percent of Gd, 0.01 to 2 percent of Bi, 3238 to 93.887 percent of Mg, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.2 percent. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the die-casting magnesium alloy. The die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the invention can meet the strength requirement of a structural member, and particularly has higher plastic toughness and deformation adaptability, so that the production requirement of stricter die-casting conditions can be met, and the internal defects generated in the die-casting process are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium-containing alloys, and particularly relates to a die-casting magnesium alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Die casting is one of basic forming methods of magnesium alloy, and can be used for product design of complex structural parts. The commonly used magnesium alloy die-casting material is AZ91D, the material has good flow forming performance, a large forming process window and high cost performance, and the magnesium alloy die-casting material is widely used for magnesium alloy die-casting products.
The main component elements of the AZ91D material are 8.5-9.5 wt% of aluminum, 0.45-0.9 wt% of zinc, 0.17-0.4 wt% of manganese, less than or equal to 0.05 wt% of silicon, less than or equal to 0.025 wt% of copper, less than or equal to 0.001 wt% of nickel and less than or equal to 0.004 wt% of iron. The AZ91D material has the characteristics of high specific strength and corrosion resistance greatly improved compared with pure magnesium, and is mainly used for shells of electric products, small-size thin or special-shaped supports and the like. However, the product die-cast by using the AZ91D material has general plastic toughness, the elongation of the material is only about 3-4%, the risk of falling, impacting and breaking of the product is high, and the application scene is greatly limited. Meanwhile, the ductility and toughness of the magnesium alloy also affect the die-casting forming capability of the magnesium alloy, and under the high-pressure condition of die-casting forming, if the ductility and toughness is insufficient, the fracture of a workpiece or the generation of internal defects is easily caused, so that the subsequent application performance of the magnesium alloy is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of insufficient ductility and toughness of the existing magnesium alloy, the invention provides a die-casting magnesium alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
on one hand, the invention provides a die-casting magnesium alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
5 to 13 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 2 percent of Cu, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 3.5 percent of Mn and/or Zr, 0.5 to 6.5 percent of Al, 0.001 to 0.09 percent of Ca, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Si, 0.4 to 2.0 percent of Y, 0.1 to 3 percent of Gd, 0.01 to 2 percent of Bi, 3238 to 93.887 percent of Mg, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.2 percent.
Optionally, the die-casting magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
6 to 12.5 percent of Zn, 0.06 to 1.8 percent of Cu, 0.008 to 0.4 percent of Sn, 0.1 to 3 percent of Mn and/or Zr, 0.6 to 6 percent of Al, 0.002 to 0.08 percent of Ca, 0.001 to 0.3 percent of Si, 0.5 to 1.8 percent of Y, 0.2 to 2.5 percent of Gd, 0.02 to 1.8 percent of Bi, 3238 to 92.509 percent of Mg, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.15 percent.
Alternatively, only one of Mn and Zr is present in the die-cast magnesium alloy.
Optionally, the other elements include one or more of Fe, co and Ni.
Optionally, in the die-cast magnesium alloy, the content of Fe is less than 0.01%.
Optionally, in the die-cast magnesium alloy, the content of Co is less than 0.01%.
Optionally, in the die-cast magnesium alloy, the Ni content is less than 0.01%.
Optionally, the melting point of the die-cast magnesium alloy is 570-590 ℃.
Optionally, the die-cast magnesium alloy satisfies the following conditions: the yield strength is more than or equal to 170MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 260MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 7 percent.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a die-cast magnesium alloy as described above, comprising the following steps:
weighing magnesium-containing materials, zinc-containing materials, copper-containing materials, tin-containing materials, manganese-containing materials and/or zirconium-containing materials, aluminum-containing materials, calcium-containing materials, silicon-containing materials, yttrium-containing materials, gadolinium-containing materials and bismuth-containing materials according to the required proportion parts in the die-casting magnesium alloy, smelting, casting to obtain magnesium alloy ingots, and then melting and die-casting the magnesium alloy ingots to form the magnesium alloy ingots.
Optionally, the melting temperature is 700-750 ℃, the casting temperature is 710-720 ℃, and the soup feeding temperature for die casting is 650-670 ℃.
Optionally, in the smelting process, under a protective atmosphere, a covering agent is added into the melt for protection, wherein the covering agent comprises MgCl 2 KCl, naCl and CaF 2 Including one or more of nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride, and an inert gas.
Optionally, during smelting, inert gas is introduced into the melt.
In another aspect, the present invention provides the use of the die-cast magnesium alloy as described above in electronic product structural parts and automotive structural parts.
According to the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the invention, on the premise of ensuring the strength of the magnesium alloy, the ductility and toughness of the magnesium alloy are improved as much as possible, an inventor carries out adjustment tests on the addition of various elements in the magnesium alloy through a large number of experiments, researches the effect of various elements on the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy and the influence rule of various elements on the die-casting formability of the magnesium alloy, and obtains the element composition of the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a die-casting magnesium alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
5 to 13 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 2 percent of Cu, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 3.5 percent of Mn and/or Zr, 0.5 to 6.5 percent of Al, 0.001 to 0.09 percent of Ca, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Si, 0.4 to 2.0 percent of Y, 0.1 to 3 percent of Gd, 0.01 to 2 percent of Bi, 3238 to 93.887 percent of Mg, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.2 percent.
In the description of the present invention, "Mn and/or Zr content of 0.05% to 3.5%" means: when the die-casting magnesium alloy contains one of Mn or Zr, the content of Mn or Zr is 0.05-3.5%; when the die-cast magnesium alloy contains both Mn and Zr, the total content of Mn and Zr is 0.05% to 3.5%, and other relevant descriptions can be understood in accordance with this definition.
The die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the invention can meet the strength requirement of a structural member, and particularly has higher plastic toughness and deformation adaptability, so that the production requirement of stricter die-casting conditions can be met, the internal defects generated in the die-casting process are avoided, meanwhile, the magnesium alloy has better impact resistance, and the applicable field of the die-casting magnesium alloy is greatly expanded.
For example, the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the invention can be applied to die-casting forming in a cold chamber and a hot chamber, and the temperature range of the die-casting forming is wider and can reach 620-720 ℃; the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the invention has excellent fluidity, is suitable for forming thin-wall parts of 0.2-0.5 mm without breaking, and has no cracks on the surface.
In a preferred embodiment, the die-cast magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
6 to 12.5 percent of Zn, 0.06 to 1.8 percent of Cu, 0.008 to 0.4 percent of Sn, 0.1 to 3 percent of Mn and/or Zr, 0.6 to 6 percent of Al, 0.002 to 0.08 percent of Ca, 0.001 to 0.3 percent of Si, 0.5 to 1.8 percent of Y, 0.2 to 2.5 percent of Gd, 0.02 to 1.8 percent of Bi, 3238 to 92.509 percent of Mg, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.15 percent.
In some specific embodiments, the Zn content is 5.0%, 5.7%, 6.1%, 6.6%, 7.2%, 7.9%, 8.0%, 8.3%, 8.8%, 9.5%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.2%, 11.6%, 12%, 12.5%, or 13%; the Cu content is 0.1%, 0.31%, 0.53%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.72%, 0.76%, 0.79%, 0.83%, 0.88%, 0.9%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 1.9%, or 2.0%; the content of Sn is 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.24%, 0.3%, 0.36%, 0.4%, 0.45% or 0.5%; the content of Mn and/or Zr is 0.85%, 0.89%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.2%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.7%, 2.9%, 3.1%, 3.3%, or 3.5%; the content of Al is 0.5%, 0.89%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.2%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.7%, 2.9%, 3.1%, 3.3%, 3.5%, 4.5%, 4.9%, 5.2%, 5.8%, 6.2% or 6.5%; the content of Ca is 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.07% or 0.09%; the content of Si is 0.001%, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.24%, 0.3%, 0.36%, 0.4%, 0.45% or 0.5%; the content of Y is 0.4%, 0.53%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.72%, 0.76%, 0.79%, 0.83%, 0.88%, 0.9%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.9% or 2%; the amount of Gd is 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.53%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.72%, 0.76%, 0.79%, 0.83%, 0.85%, 0.89%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.2%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.7%, 2.9%, or 3.0%; the content of Bi is 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.31%, 0.53%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.72%, 0.76%, 0.79%, 0.83%, 0.88%, 0.9%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.5%, 1.7%, 1.9%, or 2.0%; the Mg content is 66.8%, 69%, 71%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 84%, 89%, 90% or 93%.
It should be noted that, in the elements related to the present invention, the corresponding content is obtained through specific experimental tests and principle analysis, and when the content of each element is in the above range, a die-cast magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties can be obtained, which has higher yield strength and tensile strength, especially, excellent ductility and toughness, specifically embodies the improvement of fracture elongation, can meet the requirements of different molding conditions, and also ensures better impact resistance.
Specifically, each element and its action are analyzed as follows:
zn: when the content of Zn in the die-casting magnesium alloy is in a proper range, different metallographic phases can be formed by the die-casting magnesium alloy, a main element Mg and other elements such as Al, cu and the like in the magnesium alloy, the flowing property and the heat cracking resistance of the die-casting magnesium alloy are improved to a certain extent, the die-casting magnesium alloy is particularly suitable for the forming conditions of die casting, the casting defect can be effectively avoided from being formed in the die-casting process, and on the contrary, if the content of Zn in the die-casting magnesium alloy is too low, the flowing property of the magnesium alloy is deteriorated, and the risk of forming the casting defect is increased; if the content of Zn in the die-casting magnesium alloy is too high, the magnesium alloy is embrittled and does not have the die-casting forming capability.
Cu: cu forms an Al-Cu phase with Al in the die-casting magnesium alloy, forms an Mg-Zn-Cu phase with Mg and Zn in the die-casting magnesium alloy, is a strengthening phase, and is beneficial to breaking coarse Mg continuously distributed along a crystal boundary 17 Al 12 The addition amount of Al is increased, and crystal grains are refined, so that the plasticity and toughness of the magnesium alloy are improved; moreover, the content of solid solution Zn in the alloy is reduced, and the hot cracking tendency of the alloy is improved. However, the addition of Cu is within a proper range, and excessive addition of Cu deteriorates the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy, and also causes coarsening of Cu-containing phases, which is disadvantageous in refining of crystal grains and makes the alloy brittle.
Mn, zr: mn and Zr play similar roles in the die-casting magnesium alloy, can enhance the corrosion resistance of the die-casting magnesium alloy, refine crystal grains and improve alloy hot cracking in the addition range, wherein Mn can form a short rod-shaped Mn-Al compound reinforced alloy with Al. If the content of Mn and/or Zr in the die-casting magnesium alloy is too low, the mechanical property and the die-casting property of the die-casting magnesium alloy can be reduced; if the Mn and/or Zr content is too high, the toughness of the die-cast magnesium alloy may be reduced.
Al: formation of Mg 17 Al 12 The strengthening phase can form an Al-Mn strengthening phase with Mn at the same time, which is beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the magnesium alloy; in addition, al is reducedThe melting point of the alloy is improved, the fluidity of the alloy is improved, and die-casting sticking is reduced. If the Al content is too high, mg is caused 17 Al 12 The phases are aggregated and coarse, and the alloy becomes brittle.
Ca: ca and Zn form Mg 6 Ca 2 Zn 3 The eutectic three-phase region can improve the strength and the excellent ductility of the alloy, and Mg can be added in a certain addition range 6 Ca 2 Zn 3 The content of the eutectic three-phase region is in positive correlation with the addition amount of Ca element.
Si: adding a proper amount of Si into the die-casting magnesium alloy can improve the fluidity of the alloy and is beneficial to die-casting operation; on the other hand, can form Mg with Mg 2 The Si phase strengthens the alloy and improves the alloy strength.
Y: the die-casting magnesium alloy contains Y within the content range and is matched with Al element to form Al 2 The Y phase exists in an alpha-Mg face-centered cubic (FCC) structure and has higher activity, so that galvanic corrosion combined with other phases is reduced, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy is greatly improved. On the other hand, the addition of the Y element can refine alloy grains and improve the structure and casting performance of the magnesium alloy material, thereby improving the toughness of the magnesium alloy.
Gd: has the function of refining grains in the magnesium alloy and reduces the crystallization temperature interval of the alloy, thereby obviously reducing the hot cracking phenomenon of the magnesium alloy.
Bi: when the Bi element is in the above content range, fine Mg can be produced in the magnesium alloy 3 Bi 2 The phase is uniformly dispersed and distributed, and the movement of a crystal boundary in the growth process of the crystal grains is hindered, so that the aim of refining the crystal grains is fulfilled, and the toughness of the alloy is improved. If the Bi content is too high, segregation will be generated in the alloy, resulting in Mg in the alloy 3 Bi 2 Phase coarsening, which impairs alloy properties.
It should be noted that the above is only a simplified analysis of the action of each element, and it is undeniable that, in the die-cast magnesium alloy, each element has a related action, and an increase or decrease of any element may cause a change in the action effect of other elements, thereby causing a change in the overall performance of the die-cast magnesium alloy.
In some embodiments, when Mn and Zr are present simultaneously in the die-cast magnesium alloy, they are easily combined to form a poorly soluble phase, which affects the exertion of the element effect, therefore, in a preferred embodiment, only one of Mn and Zr is present in the die-cast magnesium alloy.
In the description of the present invention, "other elements" refer to other elements besides the elements in the die-casting magnesium alloy component provided by the present invention, and may be metal elements or non-metal elements, and in general, "other elements" exist as impurities, generally derived from impurities contained in the raw materials used for preparing the die-casting magnesium alloy, and the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the present invention is allowed to maintain high mechanical properties in the presence of a certain amount of other elements, for example, the total amount of other elements is less than 0.2%, and preferably, the total amount of other elements is less than 0.15%. The excessive other elements easily cause the problems of the die-casting magnesium alloy such as reduction of elongation percentage, cracking of products, poor corrosion resistance and the like.
In some embodiments, the other elements include one or more of Fe, co, and Ni.
The inventors found that in the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the invention, the performance of Fe, co and Ni is remarkably deteriorated, so that the impurity content of Fe, co and Ni needs to be further controlled to ensure that the die-casting magnesium alloy has good performance.
In a preferred embodiment, the die cast magnesium alloy has an Fe content of < 0.01%, more preferably, an Fe content of < 0.005%.
In a preferred embodiment, the Co content in the die-cast magnesium alloy is < 0.01%, more preferably, the Co content is < 0.005%.
In a preferred embodiment, the die-cast magnesium alloy has a Ni content of < 0.01%, more preferably, ni content of < 0.005%.
In some embodiments, the die cast magnesium alloy has a melting point of 570-590 ℃.
In some embodiments, the die-cast magnesium alloy satisfies the following condition: the yield strength is more than or equal to 170MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 260MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 7 percent.
In a preferred embodiment, the die-cast magnesium alloy satisfies the following conditions: the yield strength is more than or equal to 180MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 280MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 8 percent.
In a more preferred embodiment, the die-cast magnesium alloy satisfies the following conditions: the yield strength is 180-190MPa, the tensile strength is 280-330MPa, and the elongation is 8.0-10.0%.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a die-cast magnesium alloy as described above, comprising the following steps of:
weighing magnesium-containing materials, zinc-containing materials, copper-containing materials, tin-containing materials, manganese-containing materials and/or zirconium-containing materials, aluminum-containing materials, calcium-containing materials, silicon-containing materials, yttrium-containing materials, gadolinium-containing materials and bismuth-containing materials according to the required proportion parts in the die-casting magnesium alloy, smelting, casting to obtain magnesium alloy ingots, and then melting and die-casting the magnesium alloy ingots to form the magnesium alloy ingots.
The magnesium-containing material, zinc-containing material, copper-containing material, tin-containing material, manganese-containing material and/or zirconium-containing material, aluminum-containing material, calcium-containing material, silicon-containing material, yttrium-containing material, gadolinium-containing material and bismuth-containing material may be materials capable of providing various elements required for preparing the die-casting magnesium alloy of the present invention, and may be alloys or pure metals containing the elements, as long as the composition components in the die-casting magnesium alloy obtained after the added magnesium alloy raw material is melted are within the above ranges. Preferably, the raw material of the die-cast magnesium alloy may include pure Mg or Mg alloy, pure Zn or Zn alloy, pure Cu or Cu alloy, pure Sn or Sn alloy, pure Mn or Mn alloy, pure Zr or Zr alloy, pure Al or Al alloy, pure Ca or Ca alloy, pure Si or Si alloy, pure Y or Y alloy, pure Gd or Gd alloy, pure Bi or Bi alloy.
In some embodiments, the melting temperature is 700 ℃ to 750 ℃, the casting temperature is 710 ℃ to 720 ℃, and the feeding temperature for die casting is 650 ℃ to 670 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the magnesium-containing material is smelted at a temperature of 720 ℃ to 740 ℃, and the smelting temperature after the zinc-containing material, the copper-containing material, the tin-containing material, the manganese-containing material and/or the zirconium-containing material, the aluminum-containing material, the calcium-containing material, the silicon-containing material, the yttrium-containing material, the gadolinium-containing material and the bismuth-containing material are added is 740 ℃ to 750 ℃.
In some embodiments, during melting, the melt is protected by adding a covering agent comprising MgCl under a protective atmosphere 2 KCl, naCl and CaF 2 Including one or more of nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride, and an inert gas.
Magnesium is active chemically at high temperature, and can avoid the contact oxidation of magnesium alloy with air in the smelting process under the action of protective atmosphere and covering agent.
In some embodiments, inert gas is introduced into the melt during smelting.
The pressure and time of introducing inert gas are controlled to make the magnesium alloy melt be boiled and refined, so as to attain the goal of uniformly mixing chemical components and temp., quickening chemical reaction, removing harmful gas and impurity and purifying melt.
In a preferred embodiment, the inert gas is selected from argon.
In some embodiments, after die-casting, the die-casting magnesium alloy is subjected to artificial aging treatment at the temperature of 180-280 ℃ for 0.5-7 d.
The internal stress in the die-cast magnesium alloy can be eliminated through artificial aging treatment, the mechanical property and the thermal conductivity of the die-cast magnesium alloy are improved, and the elimination of the internal stress in the magnesium alloy is ensured by controlling the time of the artificial aging treatment.
In some embodiments, after the artificial aging treatment is completed, the die-cast magnesium alloy is left to cool naturally at room temperature.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides the use of the die-cast magnesium alloy as described above in electronic product structural parts and automotive structural parts.
Specifically, the die-casting magnesium alloy can be applied to automobile engine radiating parts, automobile lamp radiating structural parts, mobile phone middle plates or computer middle plates.
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples.
TABLE 1
Example 1
This embodiment is used to illustrate the die-cast magnesium alloy and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the present invention, and the method includes the following steps:
according to the composition of the die-casting magnesium alloy shown in the example 1 in the table 1, simple substances containing various elements and alloy raw materials are prepared;
adding pure Mg into a smelting furnace, and smelting at 720-740 ℃; after melting pure Mg, adding pure Al, pure Zn, mg-Mn alloy and/or Mg-Zr alloy, mg-Y alloy, mg-Gd alloy, mg-Ca alloy, mg-Cu alloy, mg-Si alloy, pure Sn, pure Bi, and MgCl accounting for 3 wt% of the total amount of the alloy raw materials 2 Smelting at 740-750 ℃, blowing 99.99% of high-purity argon gas in the smelting process, stirring and uniformly stirring to obtain alloy melt; casting the alloy solution to obtain a magnesium alloy ingot; melting and die-casting a magnesium alloy ingot to Shang Wendu-670 ℃; and (3) after die-casting forming, carrying out aging treatment on the die-casting magnesium alloy at 200 ℃, wherein the duration is 1h, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the aging treatment is finished to obtain the die-casting magnesium alloy.
Examples 2 to 28
Examples 2 to 28 are for explaining the magnesium alloy and the method for manufacturing the same disclosed in the present invention, and include most of the operation steps in example 1, except that:
the elementary substances and alloy raw materials of each element were calculated from the respective element compositions of the die-cast magnesium alloys shown in examples 2 to 28 in table 1, and the elementary substances and alloy raw materials of each element were added to a melting furnace to be melted.
The other operations were carried out in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a die-cast magnesium alloy.
Comparative examples 1 to 23
Comparative examples 1 to 23 are provided for comparative purposes to illustrate the magnesium alloy and the method for manufacturing the same disclosed in the present invention, and include most of the steps of example 1, except that:
the elementary substances and alloy raw materials of each element were calculated according to the components of each element of the die-cast magnesium alloy shown in comparative examples 1 to 23 in table 1, and the elementary substances and alloy raw materials of each element were added to a melting furnace to be melted.
The other operations were carried out in the same manner as in example 1 to obtain a die-cast magnesium alloy.
Performance testing
The die-cast magnesium alloys prepared in the above examples 1 to 28 and comparative examples 1 to 23 were subjected to the following performance tests:
and (3) magnesium alloy tensile test: according to the test method of ISO 6892-1, the smelted magnesium alloy melt is injected into a die cavity by adopting pressure casting equipment to obtain a tensile casting with the wall thickness of 3mm, and a universal mechanical testing machine is adopted to carry out tensile test to obtain the yield strength, the tensile strength and the elongation percentage, wherein the yield strength is the yield limit generating 0.2% of residual deformation, and the elongation percentage is the elongation at break.
Die casting formability: in the die-casting process, the forming condition of the alloy die-casting thin-wall part with the thickness of 0.5mm is observed for judgment, and whether the forming is complete or not and whether cracks exist are mainly concerned.
The test results obtained are filled in table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the test results in table 2, compared with the die-casting magnesium alloy outside the element range provided by the present invention, the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the present invention has various mechanical properties, and particularly, the obtained die-casting magnesium alloy has high elongation, and the formed product is complete and has no cracks, which indicates that the die-casting magnesium alloy provided by the present invention has good ductility and toughness and can better meet various die-casting forming requirements.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. The die-casting magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
5 to 13 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 2 percent of Cu, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Sn, 0.05 to 3.5 percent of Mn and/or Zr, 0.5 to 6.5 percent of Al, 0.001 to 0.09 percent of Ca, 0.001 to 0.5 percent of Si, 0.4 to 2.0 percent of Y, 0.1 to 3 percent of Gd, 0.01 to 2 percent of Bi, 3238 to 93.887 percent of Mg, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.2 percent.
2. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the die-cast magnesium alloy comprises the following components in mass percent:
6 to 12.5 percent of Zn, 0.06 to 1.8 percent of Cu, 0.008 to 0.4 percent of Sn, 0.1 to 3 percent of Mn and/or Zr, 0.6 to 6 percent of Al, 0.002 to 0.08 percent of Ca, 0.001 to 0.3 percent of Si, 0.5 to 1.8 percent of Y, 0.2 to 2.5 percent of Gd, 0.02 to 1.8 percent of Bi, 3238 to 92.509 percent of Mg, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.15 percent.
3. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that only one of Mn and Zr is present in the die-cast magnesium alloy.
4. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the other elements include one or more of Fe, co and Ni.
5. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 4, wherein the Fe content in the die-cast magnesium alloy is < 0.01%.
6. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 4, wherein the Co content in the die-cast magnesium alloy is < 0.01%.
7. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 4, wherein the Ni content in the die-cast magnesium alloy is < 0.01%.
8. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting point of the die-cast magnesium alloy is 570-590 ℃.
9. The die-cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the die-cast magnesium alloy satisfies the following condition: the yield strength is more than or equal to 170MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 260MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 7 percent.
10. The method for producing die-cast magnesium alloy according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing magnesium-containing materials, zinc-containing materials, copper-containing materials, tin-containing materials, manganese-containing materials and/or zirconium-containing materials, aluminum-containing materials, calcium-containing materials, silicon-containing materials, yttrium-containing materials, gadolinium-containing materials and bismuth-containing materials according to the required proportion parts in the die-casting magnesium alloy, smelting, casting to obtain magnesium alloy ingots, and then melting and die-casting the magnesium alloy ingots to form the magnesium alloy ingots.
11. The method for preparing die-casting magnesium alloy according to claim 10, wherein the melting temperature is 700 ℃ to 750 ℃, the casting temperature is 710 ℃ to 720 ℃, and the feeding temperature for die-casting is 650 ℃ to 670 ℃.
12. The method for preparing die-cast magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 10, wherein during the melting process, a covering agent is added into the melt for protection under a protective atmosphere, wherein the covering agent comprises MgCl 2 KCl, naCl and CaF 2 Including one or more of nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride, and an inert gas.
13. The method for producing die-cast magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 10, wherein an inert gas is introduced into the melt during the melting.
14. Use of the die-cast magnesium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for structural members of electronic products and automotive members.
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