CN115837562B - Machining method for composite structure of weak thin-wall ring and two-side axial strong lugs - Google Patents
Machining method for composite structure of weak thin-wall ring and two-side axial strong lugs Download PDFInfo
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- CN115837562B CN115837562B CN202310060017.5A CN202310060017A CN115837562B CN 115837562 B CN115837562 B CN 115837562B CN 202310060017 A CN202310060017 A CN 202310060017A CN 115837562 B CN115837562 B CN 115837562B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method of a weak thin-wall ring and two-side axial strong support lug composite structure, belonging to the technical field of machining; when a workpiece is machined, positioning steps are machined on the upper edges of the front side surface and the rear side surface of the workpiece, the positioning steps are clamped through flat tongs, meanwhile, an external thread clamping fixture is screwed into the workpiece to fix the workpiece, then the appearance of a weak thin-wall ring is milled, then the workpiece is turned upside down, the workpiece is fixed through the external thread clamping fixture and two clamping blocks, the outer diameters of the axial strong lugs on the two sides of the workpiece are milled, finally the workpiece is turned upside down again, the workpiece is clamped through a tool three pairs, and the outer steps of the axial strong lugs on the two sides are milled; the problem that the weak thin-wall ring and the double-side axial strong support lug composite member are difficult to control in processing instability as a weak rigid body is solved, and the aim of steady-state forming of the weak thin-wall ring and the double-side axial strong support lug composite weak rigid body member is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a method for machining a composite structure of a weak thin-wall ring and two-side axial strong lugs.
Background
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring and the two-sided axial strong lugs comprises a weak thin-wall ring 1 and two-sided axial strong lugs 2. The weak thin-walled ring 1 has a cylindrical structure with both ends open, and the upper and lower ends of the weak thin-walled ring 1 are kept open. The two axial strong lugs 2 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the outer side face of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and are close to the front side of the weak thin-wall ring 1. The two axial strong support lugs 2 are of square columnar structures, the lower end face of each axial strong support lug is flush with the lower end face of the weak thin-wall ring 1, and the upper end face of each axial strong support lug exceeds the upper end face of the weak thin-wall ring 1. The front side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs 2 are vertical surfaces along the left-right direction, and the front side edges of the weak thin-wall rings 1 extend forward to the front side surfaces of the axial strong lugs 2 to form a front side protruding part 3. The rear side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs 2 are respectively connected with the outer side surface of the weak thin-wall ring 1 through first transition arc surfaces 4, and the height of the first transition arc surfaces 4 is equal to that of the axial strong lugs 2. The inner side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs 2, which are close to each other, are respectively connected with the upper end surface of the weak thin-wall ring 1 through a second transition arc surface 5, and the second transition arc surface 5 extends forwards to the front side surface of the axial strong lugs 2 and backwards to the rear edge of the first transition arc surface 4. The lower ends of the outer side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs 2, which are far away from each other, are respectively provided with an outwardly protruding step 6, the step 6 is flush with the front end surface and the rear end surface of the axial strong lugs 2, and the lower edge of the front side surface of the step 6 is provided with an inclined surface which extends to the lower end of the axial strong lugs 2. The two axial strong lugs 2 are respectively provided with a round hole 7 on the outer side surfaces of the left side and the right side, the round holes 7 respectively comprise an inner hole and an outer hole, the aperture of the inner hole is smaller than that of the outer hole, and internal threads are arranged inside the inner hole.
When the composite structure is processed by the existing processing technology, the upper part and the lower part of the bearing strong lugs on the two sides are respectively formed in two working steps of milling the appearance of the two-side axial strong lugs and milling the appearance of the weak thin-wall ring, and obvious tool connecting marks appear at the junction of the upper part and the lower part of the two-side axial strong lugs due to the fact that the process references of the two working steps are not coincident. Meanwhile, the wall thickness of the middle part of the ring body of the weak thin-wall ring is 2mm, so that the rigidity is obviously insufficient, and when the appearance of the weak thin-wall ring is processed, the middle part is easy to be unstable, and obvious vibration marks can be generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a processing method of a composite structure of a weak thin-wall ring and two-side axial strong lugs; the method solves the problem that the cutter connection trace and the vibration pattern are easy to generate when the existing processing method processes the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring and the axial strong lugs on the two sides.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A processing method of a weak thin-wall ring and two-side axial strong support lug composite structure comprises the following steps:
s1 rough machining of inner and outer shapes
Clamping the bar blank, roughly milling and boring the inner shape, and reserving allowance (3-4) mm on one side;
s2 heat treatment
Quenching and tempering the blank of the S1, wherein the mechanical property meets the requirement;
s3 finish turning inner shape
Clamping the outer circle of the blank by four claws, aligning the inner circle and the outer circle, finely turning the lower end face and the inner circle of the blank in the step S2, and turning internal threads and a tool retracting groove in the middle of the internal threads in the inner circle of the workpiece (8);
s4 finish milling appearance
S4.1 milling appearance positioning reference
S4.1.1, clamping and fixing the workpiece processed in the step S3 through a first tool;
s4.1.2 two identical positioning steps are symmetrically processed on the upper edge of the front side and the upper edge of the rear side of a workpiece by using an alloy milling cutter with phi 16mm or phi 12mm, the height of the positioning steps is 20mm, the rotating speed of the milling cutter is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (300+/-100) mm/min, the cutting depth is 10mm, and the height of the positioning steps 13 with 20mm is processed in two times;
s4.2 milling the appearance of the weak thin-wall ring
S4.2.1 the workpiece is inverted, and two positioning steps of the workpiece are clamped through flat tongs, so that the workpiece is fastened;
s4.2.2 the external thread mould is screwed into the internal thread of the workpiece by embedding polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon washers into the tool retracting groove of the internal thread of the workpiece;
s4.2.3 machining a first transition arc surface of the axial strong lugs at two sides by using an phi 6mm alloy drill bit, wherein the rotating speed is 2600+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 100+/-20 mm/min, the cutting depth is 1.5mm, and the machining is divided into multiple times to obtain the total depth;
s4.2.4 machining the shape of the weak thin-wall ring by using a phi 20mm high-speed milling cutter, wherein the radial allowance for finish machining is 0.3mm, and the rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min; the feeding amount is (1000+/-100) mm/min, and milled is the two outer side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs, the rear side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs and the outer small arc surfaces of the front protruding parts of the weak thin-wall rings; the feeding amount is (800+/-50) mm/min, and the milling is performed on a large arc surface outside the rear side of the weak thin-wall ring; the feeding amount is (600+/-50) mm/min, the front side surfaces of the axial strong lugs on the two sides are milled, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the milling process is divided into total depth;
s4.2.5 finish machining the front side surfaces of the axial strong lugs on two sides and the outer small arc surfaces of the front protruding parts of the weak thin-wall rings by using an phi 16mm alloy milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (350+/-100) mm/min, and the cutting depth is 36mm;
s4.2.6 finish machining the outer side surfaces of the axial strong lugs on two sides, the rear side surfaces of the axial strong lugs on two sides and the outer large arc surface on the rear side of the weak thin-wall ring by using an phi 10mm alloy milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min, the cutting depth is 18mm, and the machining is divided into total depth;
s4.3 milling the appearance of the double-side axial strong supporting lugs (2)
S4.3.1 the workpiece is turned upside down again, and the external thread clamping fixture is screwed into the internal thread hole of the workpiece;
s4.3.2 the workpiece is clamped by two clamping blocks of the tool II;
s4.3.3 rough machining to remove the main body allowance by using a phi 50mm disc milling cutter, removing the allowance in the axial direction of the weak thin-wall ring, wherein the rotating speed is (1100+/-150) r/min, the feeding amount is (600+/-100) mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the machining is divided into total depth;
s4.3.4 rough machining the shape of the axial strong lugs on the two sides by using a phi 20mm high-speed milling cutter, radially leaving a finish machining allowance of 0.3mm, rotating at (3000+/-200) r/min, feeding at (1100+/-100) mm/min, and machining the workpiece into the total depth for multiple times;
s4.3.5 the external shape of the axial strong lugs on the two sides is finished by an alloy milling cutter with phi 16mm, the rotating speed is 2200+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 500+/-100 mm/min, and the cutting depth is 25mm;
s4.4 milling outer steps of double-side axial strong lugs
S4.4.1 clamping the workpiece through a tool III;
s4.4.2 pressing an expansion ring into the inner circle of the weak thin-wall ring of the workpiece, and aligning the inner circle of the expansion ring by using an edge finder;
s4.4.3 machining steps on the outer side surfaces of the left side and the right side of the axial strong lugs at the two sides by using a phi 16mm hard alloy milling cutter, wherein the height of the steps is 0.3mm; the rotating speed is (3500+/-150) r/min, the feeding amount is (400+/-50) mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing;
s4.4.4 machining the steps and the inclined planes at the lower ends of the steps by using a hard alloy milling cutter with the diameter of 10mm, wherein the rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, and the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min;
s4.4.5 rough machining outer holes of round holes on the outer side surfaces of two sides of the axial strong lugs at two sides by using an phi 5mm alloy drill bit, wherein the rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min, and the machining is carried out to the total depth;
s4.4.6 rough machining inner holes of round holes on the outer side surfaces of two sides of the axial strong lugs at two sides by using an alloy drill bit with phi 3.3mm, wherein the rotating speed is (5000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min, and the cutting depth is 3mm, and the total depth is formed by multiple times of machining;
s4.4.7 finish machining the outer hole by using an alloy milling cutter with phi 4mm, wherein the rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (60+/-20) mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of machining;
s4.4.8 the inner holes of the round holes on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the axial strong lugs are tapped by using an M4mm hard alloy tap, the rotating speed is (700+/-100) r/min, the feeding amount is (490+/-20) mm/min, and the machining is carried out to the total depth;
s5, nickel plating treatment is carried out on the workpiece;
s6, non-matching surface painting treatment, and matching surface shielding protection;
s7, removing the surplus.
Further, the first tool in the step S4.1 comprises a base, a positioning column, a locking screw, a pressing plate and a locking nut, the positioning column is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the base, the locking screw is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the positioning column, the locking screw and the positioning column are coaxially arranged, the pressing plate is sleeved on the locking screw, the locking nut is screwed on the upper end of the locking screw, the first tool is clamped on the flat tongs, the base plane of the first tool is leveled through a dial indicator, the flatness is not larger than 0.01mm, the first tool is fastened, the pressing plate and the locking nut are detached, the workpiece in the step S3 is sleeved on the outer side of the locking screw of the first tool, the lower end face of the workpiece after finish turning is flush with the upper end face of the first tool, the inner threads of the workpiece are tightly attached to the outer side face of the positioning column of the first tool, then the pressing plate is sleeved on the locking screw, the locking nut is screwed with the locking screw, and the pressing plate is fixed through the locking nut.
Further, the second tooling in the step S4.3 comprises two clamping blocks, the inner side surface of the first clamping block is provided with an arc groove, the inner side surface of the second clamping block is provided with a square groove, the external thread clamping fixture is positioned between the two clamping blocks, the two clamping blocks respectively clamp the two sides of the lower half section of the workpiece, the arc groove is tightly attached to the outer large arc surface of the weak thin-wall ring, the front protruding part of the weak thin-wall ring is positioned inside the square groove, and the planes of the two sides of the square groove are tightly attached to the front side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs.
Further, in the third tool in the step S4.4, the third tool comprises a base, a positioning cylinder, two clamping plates, two screws and two nuts, the two screws are vertically arranged and fixed at the upper end of the base, the positioning cylinder is fixed between the two screws, each screw is sleeved with one clamping plate, one side face of one end, close to each other, of each two clamping plates is provided with an arc groove, the upper end of each arc groove is provided with one protruding arc plate, the screws on the upper sides of the clamping plates are screwed with one nut, during clamping, the lower end face of a workpiece is attached to the upper end face of the base, the positioning cylinder is tightly attached to the inner threaded holes of the workpiece, the arc grooves of the two clamping plates are respectively and tightly attached to the upper end face of the weak thin ring, the two arc plates are tightly screwed and fixed with the clamping plates through the nuts, and therefore the workpiece is axially clamped and fixed.
Further, in step S7, the redundant objects in the round holes on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the two-side axial strong lugs and the rest of the workpiece are removed, and the round holes on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the two-side axial strong lugs are coated with grease for protection.
Further, in step S4.2, the machined area is the outer side of the weak thin-walled ring corresponding to the height of the weak thin-walled ring and the outer side of the two axial strong lugs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) Process reference accurate conversion of weak thin-wall ring and double-side axial strong support lug composite weak rigid body type component
The process reference inner hole-end face-shape conversion control method of the weak thin-wall ring and axial strong support lug composite weak rigid body type component is adopted, the shape positioning reference is established, the process reference conversion error minimization purpose is realized, and the tool joint trace defect at the middle parts of the left side outer side surface, the right side outer side surface and the rear side surface of the double-side axial strong support lug is eliminated.
The invention discloses a method for accurately converting the process reference of a weak-thin-wall ring and axial strong support lug composite weak-rigid body component, solves the problem of large conversion error of an inner hole-end face-appearance of the process reference of the weak-thin-wall ring and axial strong support lug composite weak-rigid body component, and achieves the level of minimizing the conversion error of the process reference of the thin-wall ring and support lug composite weak-rigid body component.
2) Steady-state processing control for weak-thin wall ring and axial strong support lug composite weak-rigidity body component
By adopting the gradual decreasement processing method of the rigidity of the workpiece, the workpiece is matched step by step and feed by step, and the overall rigidity of the workpiece is gradually decreased, so that the aim of overall matching of the rigidity of the workpiece is fulfilled, and local instability in the processing process of the workpiece is prevented; the rigidity reinforcing and damping vibration absorbing composite method is adopted, so that the circular rigidity and the middle damping vibration absorbing capacity of the weak thin-wall ring are enhanced, and a processing foundation is provided for steady cutting of workpieces; the method for maximizing the clamping area and the rigidity achieves the purposes of stably clamping the weak rigid body without deformation, and provides clamping conditions for steady cutting of the workpiece. Under the comprehensive action of the measures, the steady-state processing control of the weak thin-wall ring and the axial strong support lug composite weak rigid body component is realized, and the vibration mark defect of the weak thin-wall ring in the middle of the large arc surface outside the rear side of the weak thin-wall ring is eliminated.
The invention develops a steady-state processing control method for the thin-wall ring and support lug composite weak-rigid body component, solves the problem that the processing instability of the thin-wall ring and support lug composite component as a weak-rigid body is difficult to control, and achieves the aim of steady-state forming of the thin-wall ring and support lug composite weak-rigid body component.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a composite structure of a weak thin-walled ring and two-sided axial strong lugs;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view II of a composite structure of a weak thin-wall ring and two-sided axial strong lugs;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view III of a composite structure of a weak thin-wall ring and two-sided axial strong lugs;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a weak thin-wall ring and double-sided axial strong lugs composite structure;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first tooling;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the tool when clamping a workpiece;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the workpiece after processing in step S1;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram one of step S4.1;
fig. 10 is a second schematic diagram of step S4.1;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the clamping of step S4.2;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the workpiece after processing at step S4.2;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a second tooling;
fig. 14 is a clamping schematic diagram one of step S4.3;
fig. 15 is a second clamping schematic diagram of step S4.3;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the workpiece after processing at step S4.3;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure of the workpiece after processing in step S4.3;
FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a third tooling;
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the clamping of step S4.4;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the workpiece after processing at step S4.4;
FIG. 21 is a flow chart of the overall process;
the device comprises a weak thin-wall ring 1, an axial strong lug 2, a front protruding part 3, a first transitional arc surface 4, a second transitional arc surface 5, a step 6, a round hole 7, a workpiece 8, a base 9, a positioning column 10, a locking screw 11, a pressing plate 12, a positioning step 13, a flat tongs 14, a first clamping block 15, a second clamping block 16, an external thread clamping fixture 17, a base 18, a clamping plate 19 and a positioning cylinder 20.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail by combining the embodiments and the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 6-20, the invention provides a method for processing a composite structure of a weak thin-wall ring and two-side axial strong lugs, the whole flow is shown in fig. 21, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, rough machining of inner and outer shapes
Clamping the bar blank by adopting a cylindrical bar blank, rough milling and boring the inner shape, and reserving allowance (3-4) mm on one side.
The processed appearance is shown in fig. 8, the front side of the workpiece 8 is a large left-right vertical plane, the rear side of the workpiece 8 is a small left-right vertical plane, the left-right side of the workpiece 8 is a vertical plane which is symmetrically arranged and is front-back, a large arc surface is arranged between the rear side and the left-right side of the workpiece 8, and a small arc surface is arranged between the front side and the left-right side of the workpiece 8. An inner circle is machined at the axis of the workpiece 8.
Heat treatment of
And (3) carrying out quenching and tempering on the blank in the step one, wherein the mechanical properties meet the requirements.
Inner shape of finish turning
And clamping the outer circle of the blank by four claws, aligning the inner circle and the outer circle, and finely turning the lower end surface and the inner circle of the blank. An internal thread and a tool retracting groove in the middle of the internal thread are turned inside the inner circle of the workpiece 8.
Finish milling of the profile
S4.1 milling appearance positioning reference
S4.1.1
Firstly, a first tool shown in fig. 6 is adopted, the first tool comprises a base 9, a positioning column 10, a locking screw 11, a pressing plate 12 and a locking nut, the positioning column 10 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the base 9, the locking screw 11 is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the positioning column 10 and is coaxially arranged with the positioning column 10, the pressing plate 12 is sleeved on the locking screw 11, and the locking nut is in threaded connection with the upper end of the locking screw 11.
When the tool is used, the first tool is clamped on the flat tongs, the plane of the base 9 of the first tool is leveled through the dial indicator, the flatness is not more than 0.01mm, then the first tool is fastened, and the pressing plate 12 and the locking nut are detached. The workpiece 8 processed in the step S3 is sleeved on the outer side of the locking screw 11 of the first tool, the lower end face of the workpiece 8 after finish turning is flush with the upper end face of the base 9 of the first tool, the inner threads of the workpiece 8 are tightly attached to the outer side face of the positioning column 10 of the first tool, then the pressing plate 12 is sleeved on the locking screw 11, the locking nut is in threaded connection with the locking screw 11, the pressing plate 12 is fixed through the locking nut, and the pressing plate 12 is tightly attached to the upper end face of the workpiece 8, as shown in fig. 7.
And (3) symmetrically machining two identical positioning steps 13 on the upper edge of the front side surface and the upper edge of the rear side surface of the workpiece 8 by using an alloy milling cutter with phi 16mm or phi 12mm, wherein the height of the positioning steps 13 is 20mm. The milling cutter has the rotating speed of (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount of (300+/-100) mm/min and the cutting depth of 10mm, and the height of the positioning step 13 of 20mm is processed in two times, as shown in figures 9 and 10.
Milling the shape of the weak thin-wall ring 1
The area processed in the step is the outer side surface of the weak thin-walled ring 1 corresponding to the height of the weak thin-walled ring 1 and the outer side surfaces of the axial strong lugs 2 at the two sides.
The workpiece 8 processed in the step S4.1 is inverted, the two positioning steps 13 are placed downwards, and the two positioning steps 13 of the workpiece 8 are clamped through the flat tongs 14, so that the workpiece 8 is fastened, as shown in fig. 11.
The polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon washer is embedded into the tool retracting groove of the internal thread of the workpiece 8, and the external thread clamping fixture 17 is screwed into the internal thread of the workpiece 8, so that the rigidity of the inner cavity of the ring body is enhanced.
The first transition arc surface 4 of the axial strong lugs 2 on the two sides is processed by an alloy drill with phi 6mm, the rotating speed is (2600+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (100+/-20) mm/min, the cutting depth is 1.5mm, and the total depth is processed for multiple times.
And machining the appearance of the weak thin-wall ring 1 by using a phi 20mm high-speed milling cutter, wherein the radial finishing allowance is 0.3mm, and the rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min. The feeding amount is (1000+/-100) mm/min, and milled is the two outer side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs 2, the rear side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs 2 and the outer small arc surfaces of the front protruding part 3 of the weak thin-wall ring 1; the feeding amount is (800+/-50) mm/min, and the milling is the large arc surface outside the rear side of the weak thin-wall ring 1; the feeding amount is (600+/-50) mm/min, the front side surfaces of the axial strong lugs 2 on the two sides are milled, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing.
And finishing the appearance of the weak thin-wall ring 1 by using an phi 16mm alloy milling cutter. The rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (350+/-100) mm/min, and the milling is performed on the front side surfaces of the axial strong lugs 2 on the two sides and the small arc surfaces on the outer sides of the front protruding parts 3 of the weak thin-wall rings 1, so that the cutting depth is 36mm.
The profile of the weak thin-walled ring 1 was finished with a phi 10mm alloy mill, as shown in figure 12. The rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min, the milling is performed on the outer side surfaces of the axial strong lugs 2 on the two sides, the rear side surfaces of the axial strong lugs 2 on the two sides and the outer large arc surfaces of the weak thin-wall ring 1, the cutting depth is 18mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing.
Milling the shape of the double-side axial strong support lugs 2
S4.3.1
And (3) inverting the workpiece 8 processed in the step S4.2 again, and screwing the external thread clamping fixture 17 into the internal thread of the workpiece 8 to strengthen the rigidity of the inner cavity of the ring body of the weak thin-wall ring 1.
And clamping the workpiece 8 through the second tool.
The second tool comprises two clamping blocks, the inner side surface of the first clamping block 15 is provided with an arc groove, the inner side surface of the second clamping block is provided with a square groove, the external thread clamping fixture 17 is located between the two clamping blocks (shown in fig. 13), the two clamping blocks respectively clamp the two sides of the lower half section of the workpiece 8, the arc groove is tightly attached to the outer large arc surface of the weak thin-wall ring 1, the front protruding part 3 of the weak thin-wall ring 1 is located inside the square groove, and the planes of the two sides of the square groove are tightly attached to the front side surfaces of the two sides of the axial strong lugs 2 (shown in fig. 14). Thereby firmly clamping the workpiece 8.
The body margin is removed by rough machining using a phi 50mm disc cutter, and the margin in the axial direction of the weak thin-wall ring 1 is removed (as shown in fig. 16). The rotating speed is (1100+/-150) r/min, the feeding amount is (600+/-100) mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing.
And machining the shape of the axial strong lugs 2 on the two sides by using a phi 20mm high-speed milling cutter, and radially leaving a finishing allowance of 0.3mm. The rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (1100+/-100) mm/min, the cutting depth is 1mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing.
The double sided axial lug profile was finished with a phi 16mm alloy milling cutter, as shown in figure 17. The rotating speed is (2200+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (500+/-100) mm/min, and the cutting depth is 25mm.
Milling the outer step 6 of the double-side axial strong support lug 2
S4.4.1
And clamping the workpiece 8 processed in the step S4.3 through a tool III (shown in fig. 18).
The tool three comprises a base 18, a positioning cylinder 20, two clamping plates 19, two screws and two nuts, wherein the two screws are vertically arranged and fixed at the upper end of the base 18, the positioning cylinder 20 is fixed between the two screws, each screw is respectively sleeved with one clamping plate 19, one side face of one end, close to each other, of each clamping plate 19 is provided with an arc groove, the upper end of each arc groove is provided with a protruding arc plate, and the screws on the upper sides of the clamping plates 19 are connected with one nut in a threaded mode. During clamping, the lower end face of the workpiece 8 is attached to the upper end face of the base 18, the positioning cylinder 20 is tightly attached to the inner threaded hole of the workpiece 8, gaps are reserved between the arc grooves of the two clamping plates 19 and the arc surfaces of the front side and the rear side of the weak thin-wall ring 1 respectively, and the two arc plates are tightly attached to the upper end face of the weak thin-wall ring 1 respectively. The clamping plate 19 is screwed by a nut so as to axially clamp and fix the workpiece 8, as shown in fig. 19.
The inner circle of the expansion ring is pressed into the inner circle of the weak thin-wall ring 1 of the workpiece 8, and the inner circle of the expansion ring is aligned by an edge finder.
And machining steps 6 on the outer side surfaces of the left side and the right side of the axial strong lugs 2 at the two sides by using a phi 16mm hard alloy milling cutter, wherein the height of the steps 6 is 0.3mm. The rotating speed is (3500+/-150) r/min, the feeding amount is (400+/-50) mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing.
And finishing the step 6 and the inclined plane at the lower end of the step 6 by using a phi 10mm hard alloy milling cutter. The rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, and the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min.
And (3) roughly machining outer holes of round holes 7 on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the two-side axial strong lugs 2 by using an phi 5mm alloy drill bit. The rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min, and the processing is carried out to the total depth.
And processing inner holes of round holes 7 on the outer side surfaces of two sides of the axial strong lugs 2 by using an alloy drill bit with phi 3.3 mm. The rotating speed is (5000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (300+/-50) mm/min, and the cutting depth is 3mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing.
And (5) finishing the outer hole by using an alloy milling cutter with the diameter of 4 mm. The rotating speed is (3000+/-200) r/min, the feeding amount is (60+/-20) mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing.
The inner holes of the round holes 7 on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the two-side axial strong lugs 2 are tapped by using M4mm hard alloy taps, as shown in fig. 20. The rotating speed is (700+/-100) r/min, the feeding amount is (490+/-20) mm/min, and the processing is carried out to the total depth.
Nickel plating
Nickel plating treatment is carried out on the workpiece 8, and dehydrogenation treatment is carried out after nickel plating.
Painting
And (3) carrying out non-matching surface painting treatment, wherein the matching surface is shielded and protected, so that paint films are prevented from being sprayed.
Removing the surplus substances
S7.1
And removing excessive residues in the round holes 7 and the rest parts of the workpiece 8 on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the axial strong lugs 2.
The round holes 7 on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the two-side axial strong supporting lugs 2 are internally coated with lubricating grease for protection.
The processing of the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and the double-side axial strong lugs 2 can be realized by adopting the processing method:
1) The symmetry degree of the two-side axial strong lugs 2 is not more than 0.05mm;
2) The perpendicularity of the bottom surface of the weak thin-wall ring 1 is not more than 0.05mm;
3) Accurately forming the thinnest wall thickness of the weak thin-wall ring 1 body not more than 2 mm;
4) The surface roughness of the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and the two-side axial strong lugs 2 is not more than Ra3.2mu m.
The innovative point of the method for processing the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and the double-side axial strong lugs 2 is as follows:
1) Process reference accurate conversion of weak thin-wall ring 1 and double-side axial strong support lugs 2 composite weak rigid body type component
By adopting the process reference inner hole-end surface-shape conversion control method of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and the axial strong support lug 2 composite weak rigid body type component, the shape positioning reference is established, the process reference conversion error minimization purpose is realized, and the tool joint mark defect at the middle parts of the left side outer side surface, the right side outer side surface and the rear side surface of the double-side axial strong support lug 2 is eliminated.
The invention discloses a method for accurately converting the process reference of a weak thin-wall ring 1 and axial strong support lug 2 composite weak rigid body component, solves the problem of large conversion error of an inner hole-end face-appearance of the process reference of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and axial strong support lug 2 composite weak rigid body component, and achieves the level of minimizing the conversion error of the process reference of the thin-wall ring and support lug composite weak rigid body component.
2) Steady-state processing control for weak thin-wall ring 1 and axial strong support lug 2 composite weak rigid body member
By adopting the gradual reduction processing method of the rigidity of the workpiece 8, the whole rigidity of the workpiece 8 is gradually reduced by matching step by step and feed, the purpose of the whole rigidity matching of the workpiece 8 is realized, and the local instability in the processing process of the workpiece 8 is prevented; the rigidity reinforcing and damping vibration absorbing composite method is adopted, so that the rigidity of the inner circle of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and the damping vibration absorbing capacity of the middle part are enhanced, and a processing foundation is provided for steady cutting of the workpiece 8; the method of maximizing the area and the rigidity is adopted, the purposes of stably and non-deformably clamping the weak rigid body are achieved, and clamping conditions are provided for steady cutting of the workpiece 8. Under the comprehensive action of the measures, the steady-state processing control of the weak thin-wall ring 1 and the axial strong support lug 2 composite weak rigid body component is realized, and the vibration pattern defect of the weak thin-wall ring 1 in the middle of the large arc surface outside the rear side of the weak thin-wall ring is eliminated.
The steady-state processing control method of the weak-thin-wall ring 1 and axial strong support lug 2 composite weak-rigid body component is developed, the problem that the weak-thin-wall ring 1 and axial strong support lug 2 composite component is difficult to control as a weak-rigid body is unstable in processing is solved, and the steady-state forming aim of the weak-thin-wall ring 1 and axial strong support lug 2 composite weak-rigid body component is achieved.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (5)
1. The processing method of the weak thin-wall ring and double-side axial strong support lug composite structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1 rough machining of inner and outer shapes
Clamping the bar blank, roughly milling and boring the inner shape, and reserving 3-4mm of allowance on one side;
s2 heat treatment
Quenching and tempering the blank of the S1, wherein the mechanical property meets the requirement;
s3 finish turning inner shape
Clamping the outer circle of the blank by four claws, aligning the inner circle and the outer circle, finely turning the lower end face and the inner circle of the blank in the step S2, and turning internal threads and a tool retracting groove in the middle of the internal threads in the inner circle of the workpiece (8);
s4 finish milling appearance
S4.1 milling appearance positioning reference
S4.1.1, clamping and fixing the workpiece (8) processed in the step S3 through a first tool;
s4.1.2 two identical positioning steps (13) are symmetrically machined on the upper edge of the front side surface and the upper edge of the rear side surface of a workpiece (8) by using an alloy milling cutter with phi 16mm or phi 12mm, the height of the positioning steps (13) is 20mm, the rotating speed of the milling cutter is 3000+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 300+/-100 mm/min, the cutting depth is 10mm, and the height of the positioning steps (13) with 20mm is machined in two times;
s4.2 milling the appearance of the weak thin-wall ring (1)
In the step S4.2, the processed area is the outer side surface of the weak thin-walled ring (1) corresponding to the height of the weak thin-walled ring (1) and the outer side surfaces of the two side axial strong lugs (2),
s4.2.1 the workpiece (8) is inverted, and two positioning steps (13) of the workpiece (8) are clamped by the flat tongs (14), so that the workpiece (8) is fastened;
s4.2.2 the external thread clamping fixture (17) is screwed into the internal thread of the workpiece (8) by embedding polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon washers into the internal thread retracting groove of the workpiece (8);
s4.2.3 machining a first transitional arc surface (4) of the double-side axial strong support lug (2) by using an phi 6mm alloy drill bit, wherein the rotating speed is 2600+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 100+/-20 mm/min, the cutting depth is 1.5mm, and the machining is divided into total depths;
s4.2.4 the appearance of the weak thin-wall ring (1) is processed by a phi 20mm high-speed milling cutter, the radial allowance for finish machining is 0.3mm, and the rotating speed is 3000+/-200 r/min; the feeding amount is 1000+/-100 mm/min, and milled is two outer side surfaces of two axial strong supporting lugs (2), the rear side surfaces of the two axial strong supporting lugs (2) and the outer small arc surfaces of the front protruding parts (3) of the weak thin-wall ring (1); the feeding amount is 800+/-50 mm/min, and the milling is performed on a large arc surface outside the rear side of the weak thin-wall ring (1); the feeding amount is 600+/-50 mm/min, the front side surfaces of the axial strong lugs (2) on the two sides are milled, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the milling process is divided into total depth;
s4.2.5 finish machining the front side surfaces of the axial strong lugs (2) on two sides and the outer small arc surface of the front side protruding part (3) of the weak thin-wall ring (1) by using an phi 16mm alloy milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed is 3000+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 350+/-100 mm/min, and the cutting depth is 36mm;
s4.2.6 finish machining the outer side surfaces of the axial strong lugs (2) on two sides, the rear side surfaces of the axial strong lugs (2) on two sides and the rear outer large arc surface of the weak thin-wall ring (1) by using an phi 10mm alloy milling cutter, wherein the rotating speed is 3000+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 300+/-50 mm/min, the cutting depth is 18mm, and the total depth is formed by multiple times;
s4.3 milling the appearance of the double-side axial strong supporting lugs (2)
S4.3.1 the workpiece (8) is turned upside down again, and the external thread clamping fixture (17) is screwed into the internal thread hole of the workpiece (8);
s4.3.2 clamping the workpiece (8) through two clamping blocks of the tool II;
s4.3.3 rough machining to remove the allowance of the main body by using a phi 50mm disc milling cutter, removing the allowance of the weak thin-wall ring (1) in the axial direction, wherein the rotating speed is 1100+/-150 r/min, the feeding amount is 600+/-100 mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the machining is divided into total depth;
s4.3.4 rough machining the shape of the axial strong lugs (2) on the two sides by a phi 20mm high-speed milling cutter, radially leaving a finish machining allowance of 0.3mm, rotating at 3000+/-200 r/min, feeding at 1100+/-100 mm/min, and cutting into 1mm with multiple times to obtain the total depth;
s4.3.5 the appearance of the axial strong lugs (2) on the two sides is finished by an alloy milling cutter with phi 16mm, the rotating speed is 2200+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 500+/-100 mm/min, and the cutting depth is 25mm;
s4.4 milling the outer step (6) of the double-side axial strong lug (2)
S4.4.1 clamping the workpiece (8) through a tool III;
s4.4.2 pressing an expansion ring into the inner circle of the weak thin-wall ring (1) of the workpiece (8), and aligning the inner circle of the expansion ring by using an edge finder;
s4.4.3 machining steps (6) on the outer side surfaces of the left side and the right side of the axial strong lugs (2) at the two sides by using a phi 16mm hard alloy milling cutter, wherein the height of the steps (6) is kept for 0.3mm, the rotating speed is 3500+/-150 r/min, the feeding amount is 400+/-50 mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the machining is divided into multiple times to obtain the total depth;
s4.4.4 finish machining the step (6) and the inclined plane at the lower end of the step (6) by using a hard alloy milling cutter with the diameter of 10mm, wherein the rotating speed is 3000+/-200 r/min, and the feeding amount is 300+/-50 mm/min;
s4.4.5 rough machining outer holes of round holes (7) on the outer side surfaces of two sides of the axial strong lugs (2) by using an phi 5mm alloy drill bit, wherein the rotating speed is 3000+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 300+/-50 mm/min, and the machining is carried out to the total depth;
s4.4.6 rough machining inner holes of round holes (7) on the outer side surfaces of two sides of the axial strong lugs (2) by using an alloy drill bit with phi 3.3mm, wherein the rotating speed is 5000+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 300+/-50 mm/min, and the cutting depth is 3mm, and the total depth is formed by multiple times;
s4.4.7 the outer hole is finished by an alloy milling cutter with phi 4mm, the rotating speed is 3000+/-200 r/min, the feeding amount is 60+/-20 mm/min, the cutting depth is 2mm, and the total depth is obtained by multiple times of processing;
s4.4.8 the inner holes of the round holes (7) on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the axial strong supporting lugs (2) are tapped by using an M4mm hard alloy tap, the rotating speed is 700+/-100 r/min, the feeding amount is 490+/-20 mm/min, and the machining is carried out to the total depth;
s5, nickel plating treatment is carried out on the workpiece (8);
s6, non-matching surface painting treatment, and matching surface shielding protection;
s7, removing the surplus.
2. The method for processing the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring and the double-side axial strong lugs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the first tool in the step S4.1 comprises a base (9), a positioning column (10), a locking screw (11), a pressing plate (12) and a locking nut, wherein the positioning column (10) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the base (9), the locking screw (11) is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the positioning column (10) and is coaxially arranged with the positioning column (10), the pressing plate (12) is sleeved on the locking screw (11), the locking nut is screwed on the upper end of the locking screw (11), the first tool is clamped on a flat tongs (14) by using the tool, the plane of the base (9) of the first tool is leveled through a dial indicator, the flatness is not more than 0.01mm, then the first tool is fastened, the pressing plate (12) and the locking nut are detached, a workpiece (8) in the step S3 is sleeved on the outer side of the locking screw (11) of the first tool, the lower end face of the workpiece (8) is enabled to be in the same with the upper end face of the base (9) of the first tool, the inner side face of the workpiece (8) is flush with the inner side face of the first tool, the pressing plate (12) is enabled to be in the tight fit with the locking screw (12) by the locking screw, and then the pressing plate (12) is enabled to be in the tight fit with the locking screw (12).
3. The method for processing the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring and the double-side axial strong lugs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the second tool in the step S4.3 comprises two clamping blocks, the inner side surface of the first clamping block (15) is provided with an arc groove, the inner side surface of the second clamping block (16) is provided with a square groove, the external thread clamping fixture (17) is located between the two clamping blocks, the two clamping blocks respectively clamp the two sides of the lower half section of the workpiece (8), the arc groove is tightly jointed with the outer large arc surface of the weak thin-wall ring (1), the front protruding part (3) of the weak thin-wall ring (1) is located inside the square groove, and the planes of the two sides of the square groove are tightly jointed with the front side surfaces of the two axial strong lugs (2).
4. The method for processing the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring and the double-side axial strong lugs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the tool III in the step S4.4 comprises a base (18), a positioning cylinder (20), two clamping plates (19), two screws and two nuts, wherein the two screws are vertically arranged and fixed at the upper end of the base (18), the positioning cylinder (20) is fixed between the two screws, each screw is sleeved with one clamping plate (19) respectively, one side surface of one end, close to each other, of each two clamping plates (19) is provided with an arc groove, the upper end of each arc groove is provided with a protruding arc plate, the screws on the upper sides of the clamping plates (19) are screwed with one nut, during clamping, the lower end face of a workpiece (8) is tightly attached to the upper end face of the base (18), the positioning cylinder (20) is tightly attached to the inner threaded holes of the workpiece (8), the arc grooves of the two clamping plates (19) are respectively and tightly attached to the upper end face of the weak thin-wall ring (1), and the two arc plates are respectively tightly attached to the upper end faces of the weak thin-wall ring (1) through the nuts, so that the workpiece (8) is tightly and axially fixed.
5. The method for processing the composite structure of the weak thin-wall ring and the double-side axial strong lugs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S7, redundant matters in the round holes (7) on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the two-side axial strong lugs (2) and the rest of the workpiece (8) are removed, and the round holes (7) on the outer side surfaces of the two sides of the two-side axial strong lugs (2) are coated with lubricating grease for protection.
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