CN115833942B - Wireless optical communication device and method adopting micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism - Google Patents
Wireless optical communication device and method adopting micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A wireless optical communication device and method adopting a micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism belong to the field of wireless optical communication. In the process of realizing indoor near-distance wireless optical communication between small-sized mobile communication devices, a miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism is used for realizing communication light alignment and stable coaxiality of two communication parties, the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism is small in size and flexible in micro-motion, the outline dimension of a wireless optical communication device comprising the wireless optical communication alignment device is only between 1 cm and 2cm, and the occupied space is small when the wireless optical communication device is integrated in the small-sized mobile communication device; the upper table top for bearing the receiving and transmitting optical fibers is supported by the ball shaft, in the process of realizing the stabilization of the dynamic micro-motion optical axis, the ball shaft is in point contact with the concave spherical surfaces of the two bearings theoretically, the mechanical motion is rolling theoretically, the contact surface is small, and the friction is light; the ball shaft is hidden in the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism, and the V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group is additionally held, so that longer alignment flexibility can be maintained, and maintenance is hardly needed; the present invention is readily combined with the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless optical communication device and a wireless optical communication method adopting a miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism, belonging to the field of wireless optical communication.
Background
As modern communications move into the personal communications era, various small mobile communication devices become the core of communications, and people can share data such as video, music, pictures, and various applications with anyone through the small mobile communication devices. However, with the popularization of large file data represented by 4K or even 8K video, existing communication devices based on radio communication technology, such as Wifi, 4G, etc., have not been able to meet the demands of people for communication bandwidth.
The occurrence of 5G improves the communication rate of the existing communication device based on the radio communication technology to a certain extent, but the large data transmission between mobile terminals through 5G needs to pay data transmission cost, consumes the flow package purchased by the user, and generates expensive communication service cost. Moreover, the data transmission speed is only improved on the basis of the existing 4G communication device, and the transmission of 8K lossless video still cannot be realized. Furthermore, the security of data transmission is low because of the inherent characteristics of radio communication technology, such as large signal transmission angle and large receiving range.
Whereas wireless optical communication has the same high bandwidth, high rate advantage as 5G. Currently, the wireless optical communication rate (bit rate) can reach tens or even hundreds of Gbps, and the future transmission speed can possibly exceed the transmission speed of an optical fiber, so that the Tbps-level wireless communication is realized. In addition, the advantages of small beam divergence angle inherent in wireless optical communication can also realize highly secure wireless data transmission. It can be said that wireless optical communication is an optimal solution for improving the short-range wireless data transmission rate between communication devices, especially small mobile communication devices.
Although the requirements of meter-level or even centimeter-level short-distance wireless optical communication on tracking and alignment accuracy are very low, in milliradian (mrad) magnitude, alignment of two communicable parties is still a technical bottleneck. In order to break through the technical bottleneck, a Chinese patent application with the application publication number of CN108650024A discloses a scheme named as a centimeter-level short-distance wireless optical communication alignment device and an electromagnetic alignment method. In the scheme, communication light emitting and receiving devices, such as a semiconductor laser, a photoelectric detector and the like, are arranged in a spherical rotator, the spherical rotator is positioned in a concave spherical shell, and the spherical rotator can rotate within a certain angle range; in the communication process, the two communication parties rotate the spherical swivel by means of magnetic force to realize alignment. However, this solution has the drawbacks that a gap is necessarily present between the spherical swivel and the concave spherical shell, and it is difficult to seal tightly, and after long-term use, foreign matters such as dust fall in, which tends to reduce the flexibility of the alignment device; in addition, the magnetic alignment device taking the spherical rotator and the concave spherical shell as cores still has a large volume, and the outline dimension is between 5 cm and 6cm, so that wireless optical communication between small mobile communication devices is realized, and when the magnetic alignment device is integrated in the small mobile communication devices, the outline and the internal structure of the small mobile communication devices need to be changed to a large extent, namely, the small mobile communication devices are changed to a large extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize indoor near-field wireless optical communication between small-sized mobile communication devices, when a wireless optical communication device including a wireless optical communication alignment device is integrated in the small-sized mobile communication device, the occupied space is small, and longer alignment flexibility can be maintained, a scheme of the wireless optical communication device and the method named as a miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism is proposed.
In the wireless optical communication device adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism, as shown in fig. 1, a communication transceiver chip is respectively and electrically connected with a laser diode 1, a photoelectric detector 2 and a power supply module; characterized in that a reflecting and transmitting mirror 3 is positioned on the outgoing light path of the laser diode 1 and the incoming light path of the photoelectric detector 2, and the coating film of the working mirror surface of the reflecting and transmitting mirror 3 is used for emitting light lambda to the laser diode 1 1 High reflection of incident light lambda to photodetector 2 2 The tail end of the transmission increasing, receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is aligned with the short focal length spherical lens 5, and the short focal length spherical lens 5 is positioned on one side of the working mirror surface of the reflecting transmission mirror 3 and is arranged in a common optical path with the reflecting transmission mirror 3; the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism comprises an upper table top 6, a ball shaft, a lower table top 7 and a V-shaped positioning cable set, wherein the upper table top 6 and the lower table top 7 are square, the ball shaft is positioned in the middle between the upper table top 6 and the lower table top 7, the top of the V-shaped positioning cable 8 made of memory alloy in the V-shaped positioning cable set is fixed on the periphery of the upper table top 6, the bottom feet of the 3V-shaped positioning cables 8 are fixed on the periphery of the lower table top 7, the initial postures of the upper table top 6 and the lower table top 7 are parallel to each other, and the electric heating current in the 3V-shaped positioning cables 8 is zero; the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism further comprises a micro control module, a current driving module and a four-quadrant detection chip 9, as shown in fig. 1 and 29 is fixed in the middle of the upper table top 6, the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is positioned in the center of the four-quadrant detection chip 9, the end face of the head end is geometrically coplanar with the photosensitive surface of the four-quadrant detection chip 9, the signal output wire harness of the four-quadrant detection chip 9 is connected to a micro-motion control module, the micro-motion control module is electrically connected with a current driving module, the electric heating current wire harness of the current driving module is electrically connected with two feet of each of the 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8, and the power module is electrically connected with the micro-motion control module and the current driving module respectively.
Wireless optical communication method adopting micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism
The invention has the technical effects that in the process of realizing indoor near-distance wireless optical communication between small-sized mobile communication devices, a miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism is used for realizing communication light alignment and stabilization coaxiality of two communication parties, the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism has small volume and flexible micro-motion, the outline dimension of a wireless optical communication device comprising the wireless optical communication alignment device is only between 1 cm and 2cm, and the occupied space is small when the wireless optical communication device is integrated in the small-sized mobile communication device; the upper table top 6 for bearing the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is supported by a ball shaft, in the process of realizing dynamic micro-motion optical axis stabilization, the ball 10 and the two concave spherical surfaces 11 of the bearings are in point contact theoretically, the mechanical motion is rolling theoretically, and the contact surface is small and the friction is light; the ball shaft is hidden in the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism, and the V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group is additionally held, so that longer alignment flexibility can be maintained, and maintenance is hardly needed; the combination of the original laser communication part and the communication light alignment part taking the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism as the core has two points, namely, the head end of the communication light receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is positioned at the center of the four-quadrant detection chip 9, and the two points share one power supply module, so that the invention is easy to combine with the prior art.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall view of the present invention, which is also referred to as abstract drawing.
Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of a micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure and the external operation relationship of the communication transceiver chip in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially detailed schematic perspective view of a miniature optical axis stabilization mechanism in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The wireless optical communication device employing the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism of the present invention is further limited to the following:
as shown in fig. 3, the communication transceiver chip includes: the device comprises a digital electric signal input interface, a laser driving circuit, an adjustable resistor, a transimpedance amplifier, a limiting amplifier and a digital electric signal output interface, wherein the adjustable resistor is externally connected with a laser diode 1, and the transimpedance amplifier is internally connected with a photoelectric detector 2.
The power supply module is a DC-DC type step-down power supply module, the input voltage is 5V-24V, and the output voltage is 5V.
The receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is a multimode optical fiber capable of improving the redundancy of alignment errors, the core diameter of the multimode optical fiber is 62.5 mu m, and the diameter of the wrapping is 125 mu m; the distance between the tail end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 and the short-focal-length spherical lens 5 is 1-2 mm, and is smaller than the equivalent focal length of the short-focal-length spherical lens 5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the ball axle is composed of an axle ball 10 and two bearing concave spherical surfaces 11, the two bearing concave spherical surfaces 11 are respectively positioned at the middle part of the lower surface of the upper table top 6 and the middle part of the upper surface of the lower table top 7, the bearing concave spherical surfaces 11 are in a spherical crown shape, and the height of the spherical crown intersects with the geometric centers of the upper table top 6 and the lower table top 7; the shaft ball 10 and the concave spherical surface 11 of the bearing are made of zirconia or silicon nitride ceramics, and have the characteristics of light weight and wear resistance.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the tips A of 3V-shaped positioning cables 8 in the V-shaped positioning cable group,B. C are sequentially fixed at the middle point of one side of the upper table top 6 and at the two end points of one side opposite to the side, and the foot A of the 1 st V-shaped positioning stay rope 8 1 、A 2 The two end points of the edge where the center A of the lower table surface 7 and the upper table surface 6 are positioned are fixed, and the two end points of the edge which is obliquely downward opposite to each other are fixed with the ground feet B of the 2 nd V-shaped positioning stay rope 8 1 、B 2 The lower leg C of the 3 rd V-shaped positioning stay rope 8 is fixed at the middle point of two sides of the lower table top 7 and the upper table top 6, which are obliquely downwards opposite to the end point of the center B 1 、C 2 The lower table top 7 and the upper table top 6 are fixed at the middle points of two sides of which the end points of the center C are obliquely downwards opposite, and the lower leg B 2 、C 1 Geometrically co-located and electrically separated; the electric-thermal current wire harness of the current driving module consists of 4 wires, wherein 3 wires are positive wires, the rest 1 wires are public negative wires, and the 3 positive wires are respectively connected with the ground feet A of the 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8 1 、B 1 、C 1 1 public negative electrode wire is connected with the ground foot A of 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8 simultaneously 2 、B 2 、C 2 Connecting; the memory alloy is copper base alloy, and has a double-pass shape memory effect that shape change can be generated during heating and cooling after heat treatment and mechanical training.
The micro-motion control module is operated by a microcontroller or shares a microprocessor with a small mobile communication device user to further reduce the energy consumption and volume of the micro-optical axis stabilizing mechanism.
The current driving module is acted by a constant current driving chip, the maximum constant current driving current is 100mA, and the current driving noise is less than 0.6 mu A.
The signal output wire harness of the four-quadrant detection chip 9 consists of 5 wires, wherein 4 wires are used for 4 offset voltage signals V 1 、V 2 、V 3 、V 4 The rest 1 wires are public ground wires, and the 5 wires are connected to the offset voltage signal input end of the inching control module; the photosensitive surface of the four-quadrant detection chip 9 is an InGaAs photoelectric detection layer, the spectral response range is 900 nm-1700 nm, and the diameter of the photosensitive surface is 3mm.
The wireless optical communication method employing the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism of the present invention needs to be further limited to include:
the wavelength of communication light emitted by both communication parties is different, and one party emits communication light lambda 1 The other party emits communication light lambda 2 As shown in FIG. 1, e.g. lambda 1 =1490nm，λ 2 =1550nm。
Communication light lambda received by receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 by either one of both communication parties 1 Converging through a short focal length spherical lens 5 and transmitting the converging light from the reflecting transmission mirror 3 to the photoelectric detector 2; communication light lambda emitted from laser diode 1 on either side of the communication parties 2 And the light is reflected by the reflecting and transmitting mirror 3, collimated by the short-focal-length spherical lens 5 and finally emitted from the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4.
In the laser communication process, a digital electric signal input interface and a digital electric signal output interface in a communication transceiver chip are respectively externally connected with a small mobile communication device user.
Claims (8)
1. The wireless optical communication device adopts a micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism, and the communication transceiver chip is respectively and electrically connected with the laser diode (1), the photoelectric detector (2) and the power supply module; characterized in that the reflecting and transmitting mirror (3) is positioned on the outgoing light path of the laser diode (1) and the incoming light path of the photoelectric detector (2), and the coating of the working mirror surface of the reflecting and transmitting mirror (3) is used for emitting light lambda to the laser diode (1) 1 High reflection of incident light lambda to photodetector (2) 2 The transmission is enhanced, the tail end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) is aligned with the short-focal-length spherical lens (5), and the short-focal-length spherical lens (5) is positioned on one side of the working mirror surface of the reflecting and transmitting mirror (3) and is arranged in a common optical path with the reflecting and transmitting mirror (3); the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism comprises an upper table top (6), a ball shaft, a lower table top (7) and a V-shaped positioning cable set, wherein the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7) are square, the ball shaft is positioned at the middle position between the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7), the lower table top (7) is fixed, the top of the V-shaped positioning cable (8) made of memory alloy, which is 3 materials in the V-shaped positioning cable set, is fixed at the periphery of the upper table top (6), the bottom of the 3V-shaped positioning cable (8) is fixed at the periphery of the lower table top (7), the initial postures of the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7) are parallel to each other, and the electrothermal electricity in the 3V-shaped positioning cables (8)The flow is zero; the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism further comprises a micro-motion control module, a current driving module and a four-quadrant detection chip (9), wherein the four-quadrant detection chip (9) is fixed at the middle position of the upper table top (6), the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) is positioned at the center of the four-quadrant detection chip (9), the end face of the head end is geometrically coplanar with the photosensitive surface of the four-quadrant detection chip (9), the signal output wire harness of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) is connected to the micro-motion control module, the micro-motion control module is electrically connected with the current driving module, the electric heating current wire harness of the current driving module is electrically connected with two feet of each of the 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8), and the power module is also electrically connected with the micro-motion control module and the current driving module;
the ball shaft consists of a shaft ball (10) and two bearing concave spherical surfaces (11), the two bearing concave spherical surfaces (11) are respectively positioned at the middle part of the lower surface of the upper table top (6) and the middle part of the upper surface of the lower table top (7), the bearing concave spherical surfaces (11) are in a spherical crown shape, and the height of the spherical crown is intersected with the geometric centers of the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7); the shaft ball (10) and the concave spherical surface (11) of the bearing are made of zirconia or silicon nitride ceramics;
the tips A, B, C of the 3V-shaped positioning cables (8) in the V-shaped positioning cable group are sequentially fixed at the middle point of one side of the upper table top (6) and at two end points of one side opposite to the side, and the foot A of the 1 st V-shaped positioning cable (8) 1 、A 2 The two end points of the side which is positioned on the side where the center A of the lower table surface (7) and the upper table surface (6) are positioned are obliquely downward opposite, and the foot margin B of the 2 nd V-shaped positioning inhaul cable (8) 1 、B 2 The lower leg C is fixed at the middle point of two sides of the lower table surface (7) and the upper table surface (6) with the center B facing obliquely downwards at the end point, and the 3 rd V-shaped positioning stay rope (8) 1 、C 2 Is fixed at the middle point of two sides of the lower table top (7) and the upper table top (6) where the center C is positioned and is obliquely downward opposite to the end point, and the ground margin B 2 、C 1 Geometrically co-located and electrically separated; the electric-thermal current wire harness of the current driving module consists of 4 wires, wherein 3 wires are positive wires, the rest 1 wires are public negative wires, and the 3 positive wires are respectively connected with the ground feet A of the 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) 1 、B 1 、C 1 1 common negative electrode wire is connected with 3V-shaped positioning wires simultaneouslyFoot A of inhaul cable (8) 2 、B 2 、C 2 Connecting; the memory alloy is a copper base alloy.
2. The wireless optical communication device employing a micro optical axis stabilization mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the communication transceiver chip comprises: the device comprises a digital electric signal input interface, a laser driving circuit, an adjustable resistor, a transimpedance amplifier, a limiting amplifier and a digital electric signal output interface, wherein the adjustable resistor is externally connected with a laser diode (1), and the transimpedance amplifier is internally connected with a photoelectric detector (2).
3. The wireless optical communication device adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the power supply module is a step-down power supply module, the input voltage is 5V-24V, and the output voltage is 5V.
4. The wireless optical communication device employing a micro optical axis stabilization mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) is a multimode optical fiber having a core diameter of 62.5 μm and a sheath diameter of 125 μm; the distance between the tail end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) and the short-focal-length spherical lens (5) is 1-2 mm, which is smaller than the equivalent focal length of the short-focal-length spherical lens (5).
5. The wireless optical communication device employing the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the current driving module is operated by a constant current driving chip, the constant current driving current is 100mA at maximum, and the current driving noise is less than 0.6 μa.
6. The wireless optical communication device employing the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the signal output wire harness of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) is composed of 5 wires, 4 of which are 4 offset voltage signals V 1 、V 2 、V 3 、V 4 The rest 1 wires are public ground wires, and the 5 wires are connected to the offset voltage signal input end of the inching control module;the photosensitive surface of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) is an InGaAs photoelectric detection layer, the spectral response range is 900 nm-1700 nm, and the diameter of the photosensitive surface is 3mm.
7. The wireless optical communication method adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism is characterized in that:
a wireless optical communication apparatus employing the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism of claim 1;
step 1, aligning micro optical axis stabilizing mechanisms of two communication parties under visual inspection;
step 2, the communication sender in the two communication parties sends out communication light lambda from the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) 1 The communication receiver receives the communication light lambda from the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) 1 The communication light lambda 1 The light spot is larger than the end face of the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4), and the communication light lambda 1 The overflow part of the optical fiber is received by 4 photosensitive surfaces of a four-quadrant detection chip (9), a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the geometric center of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) as an origin o and taking two mutually perpendicular dividing lines between the 4 photosensitive surfaces of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) as x-axis and y-axis, the end face center of the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) is positioned at the origin o, and when communication light lambda is transmitted 1 When the offset Deltax and Deltay appear between the light spot center and the end face center of the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) in two mutually perpendicular directions, the communication light lambda 1 The areas of the overflow portions of (2) irradiated on the 4 photosurfaces are respectively S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 The offset voltage signals output by the corresponding photosurfaces are respectively V 1 、V 2 、V 3 、V 4 Transmitting the offset voltage signal to a micro-motion control module by a signal output wire harness;
step 3, the inching control module performs inching control according to Δx= (V) 1 +V 4 )-(V 2 +V 3 )、Δy＝(V 1 +V 2 )-(V 3 +V 4 ) Calculating the offset delta x and delta y, transmitting the offset delta x and delta y as control signals to a current driving module, and generating 3 electricity by the current driving module according to the offset delta x and delta yThermoelectric current I 1 、I 2 、I 3 The electrothermal current I is led by electrothermal current wire bundles 1 、I 2 、I 3 Respectively transmitting to 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8);
step 4, 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) change communication light lambda by adjusting the posture of the upper table top (6) on the premise that the lower table top (7) is fixed according to the temperature and linear degree relation of the memory alloy 1 The step 3 is repeated to dynamically adjust the posture of the upper table top (6) until the offset deltax and deltay are zero, and the 3 electrothermal currents generated by the current driving module at the moment are kept unchanged, thereby realizing the communication light lambda received by a communication receiver 1 Is stable and coaxial with the axis of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) of the communication receiver.
8. The method for wireless optical communication using a micro optical axis stabilizer according to claim 7, wherein the wavelength of the communication light emitted from both communication parties is different, and one party emits the communication light λ 1 The other party emits communication light lambda 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Communication light lambda received by a receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) by either one of the communication parties 1 Converging and transmitting the light from the reflecting transmission mirror (3) to the photoelectric detector (2) through the short-focal-length spherical lens (5); communication light lambda emitted by a laser diode (1) on either side of the communication parties 2 And the light is reflected by the reflecting and transmitting mirror (3) and is collimated by the short-focal-length spherical lens (5), and finally emitted from the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4).
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