CN115833942A - Wireless optical communication device and method adopting micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism - Google Patents
Wireless optical communication device and method adopting micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A wireless optical communication device and a method adopting a miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism belong to the field of wireless optical communication. In the process of realizing indoor short-distance wireless optical communication between small-sized mobile communication devices, a micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism realizes alignment and stable coaxiality of communication light of two communication parties, the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism is small in size and flexible in micromotion, the profile dimension of a wireless optical communication device including a wireless optical communication aligning device is only 1-2cm, and when the micro optical communication device is integrated in the small-sized mobile communication devices, the occupied space is small; the ball shaft is adopted to support the upper table top for bearing the receiving and transmitting optical fibers, and in the process of stabilizing the optical axis of the dynamic micromotion, the shaft ball and the concave spherical surfaces of the two bearings are theoretically in point contact, the mechanical motion is theoretically rolling, the contact surface is small, and the friction is light; the spherical shaft is hidden in the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism, and the V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group is additionally held, so that relatively long alignment flexibility can be kept, and almost no maintenance is required; the present invention is easily combined with the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless optical communication device and method adopting a miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism, belonging to the field of wireless optical communication.
Background
As modern communication is brought into the era of personal communication, various small mobile communication devices become the core of communication, and people can share data such as video, music, pictures, and various applications with anyone through the small mobile communication devices. However, with the popularization of large file data represented by 4K or even 8K video, the existing communication devices based on radio communication technology, such as Wifi, 4G, etc., have been unable to meet the demand of people for communication bandwidth.
The presence of 5G increases the communication rate of the existing communication device based on radio communication technology to some extent, but the realization of large data transmission between mobile terminals through 5G requires paying for data transmission fees, consumes the traffic packages purchased by users, and generates expensive communication service fees. Moreover, the data transmission speed is only improved on the basis of the existing 4G communication device, and the transmission of 8K lossless video cannot be realized. Moreover, the security level of data transmission is low due to the inherent characteristics of radio communication technology, such as large signal transmission angle and large receiving range.
Wireless optical communication has the same advantages of high bandwidth and high rate as 5G. At present, the wireless optical communication rate (bit rate) can reach dozens or even hundreds of Gbps magnitude, and the future transmission speed may exceed the transmission speed of an optical fiber, so as to realize wireless communication of Tbps magnitude. In addition, the advantage of small beam divergence angle inherent to wireless optical communication also enables highly secure wireless data transmission. It can be said that wireless optical communication is an optimal solution to improve the rate of short-range wireless data transmission between communication devices, especially small mobile communication devices.
Although the requirement of the meter-level or even centimeter-level short-distance wireless optical communication on the tracking and alignment precision is low, the requirement is in the milliradian (mrad) level, and the alignment of two communicable parties is still a technical bottleneck. In order to break through the technical bottleneck, a chinese patent application with application publication No. CN108650024A discloses a scheme named as "centimeter-level short-distance wireless optical communication alignment apparatus and electromagnetic alignment method". The scheme is that communication light emitting and receiving devices such as a semiconductor laser, a photoelectric detector and the like are arranged in a spherical rotator, the spherical rotator is positioned in a concave spherical shell, and the spherical rotator can rotate within a certain angle range; in the communication process, the two communication parties rotate the spherical rotating bodies by means of magnetic force to realize alignment. However, the scheme is not enough, a gap is inevitably formed between the spherical rotating body and the concave spherical shell, the strict sealing is difficult, and after long-term use, foreign matters such as dust fall into the gap, so that the flexibility of the alignment device is reduced; in addition, the magnetic alignment device with the spherical rotator and the concave spherical shell as the core still has a large volume, and the dimension of the profile is between 5 and 6cm, so that wireless optical communication between the small mobile communication devices is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize indoor short-distance wireless optical communication between small mobile communication devices, when a wireless optical communication device including a wireless optical communication alignment device is integrated in the small mobile communication devices, the occupied space is small, and the alignment flexibility can be kept for a long time, a scheme of a wireless optical communication device and a method adopting a micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism is provided.
In the wireless optical communication device adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism, as shown in fig. 1, a communication transceiver chip is respectively and electrically connected with a laser diode 1, a photoelectric detector 2 and a power supply module; it is characterized in that the reflection and transmission mirror 3 is positioned on the emergent light path of the laser diode 1 and the incident light path of the photoelectric detector 2, and the coating film of the working mirror surface of the reflection and transmission mirror 3 is used for coating the emergent light lambda of the laser diode 1 1 High reflection, photoelectric detectionIncident light λ of the detector 2 2 The tail end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is aligned with the short-focus spherical lens 5, and the short-focus spherical lens 5 is positioned on one side of the working mirror surface of the reflection and transmission mirror 3 and is arranged in a common light path with the reflection and transmission mirror 3; the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism comprises an upper table top 6, a ball shaft, a lower table top 7 and a V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group, as shown in figure 2, the upper table top 6 and the lower table top 7 are both square, the ball shaft is positioned in the middle position between the upper table top 6 and the lower table top 7, the lower table top 7 is fixed, the tops of 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8 made of memory alloy in the V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group are fixed on the periphery of the upper table top 6, the feet of 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8 are fixed on the periphery of the lower table top 7, the initial postures of the upper table top 6 and the lower table top 7 are mutually parallel, and the electrothermal current in the 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8 is zero; miniature optical axis stabilizing mean still includes fine motion control module, the current drive module, four-quadrant detects chip 9, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, four-quadrant detects chip 9 and fixes the intermediate position at last mesa 6, the head end of receiving and launching fiber 4 is located four-quadrant and detects chip 9 center, the terminal surface of head end and the photosensitive surface geometry coplanar of four-quadrant detection chip 9, four-quadrant detects chip 9's signal output pencil and connects toward fine motion control module, fine motion control module is connected with the current drive module electricity, current drive module's electric heating current pencil is connected with 3 respective two lower margin electricity of V type location cable 8 again, power module still with fine motion control module, the current drive module is connected electrically respectively.
Wireless optical communication method adopting micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism
The invention has the technical effects that in the process of realizing indoor short-distance wireless optical communication between small-sized mobile communication equipment, the communication light alignment and stable coaxiality of both communication parties are realized by a micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism, the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism has small volume and flexible micromotion, the profile dimension of a wireless optical communication device comprising a wireless optical communication aligning device is only between 1 and 2cm, and the occupied space is smaller when the micro optical communication device is integrated in the small-sized mobile communication equipment; the upper table surface 6 for bearing the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is supported by a ball shaft, and in the process of stabilizing the optical axis of the dynamic micromotion, the shaft ball 10 and the two bearing concave spherical surfaces 11 are theoretically in point contact, the mechanical motion is theoretically rolling, and the contact surface is small and the friction is light; the spherical shaft is hidden in the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism, and the V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group is additionally held, so that relatively long alignment flexibility can be kept, and almost no maintenance is required; the original laser communication part and the communication light alignment part taking the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism as the core are combined at two points, firstly, the head end of the communication light receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is required to be positioned at the center of the four-quadrant detection chip 9, and secondly, a power supply module is shared, so that the invention is easy to be combined with the prior art.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the invention, which is taken as an abstract drawing at the same time.
Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure and the external working relationship of the communication transceiver chip in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially detailed perspective view of the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The wireless optical communication device using the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism according to the present invention is further limited to include:
as shown in fig. 3, the communication transceiver chip includes: the laser comprises a digital electric signal input interface, a laser driving circuit, an adjustable resistor, a transimpedance amplifier, an amplitude limiting amplifier and a digital electric signal output interface, wherein the adjustable resistor is externally connected with a laser diode 1, and a photoelectric detector 2 is internally connected with the transimpedance amplifier.
The power supply module is a DC-DC voltage reduction power supply module, the input voltage is 5V to 24V, and the output voltage is 5V.
The receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 is a multimode optical fiber, which can improve the redundancy of alignment errors, the core diameter of the multimode optical fiber is 62.5 μm, and the diameter of the sheath is 125 μm; the distance between the tail end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 and the short-focus spherical lens 5 is 1 to 2mm, and is smaller than the equivalent focal length of the short-focus spherical lens 5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the ball shaft is composed of an axle ball 10 and two bearing concave spherical surfaces 11, the two bearing concave spherical surfaces 11 are respectively positioned in the middle part of the lower surface of the upper table surface 6 and the middle part of the upper surface of the lower table surface 7, the bearing concave spherical surfaces 11 are in a spherical crown shape, and the height of the spherical crown is intersected with the geometric centers of the upper table surface 6 and the lower table surface 7; the shaft ball 10 and the bearing concave spherical surface 11 are made of zirconia or silicon nitride ceramics, and have the characteristics of light weight and wear resistance.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the apexes a, B, C of the 3V-shaped positioning cables 8 in the V-shaped positioning cable group are fixed in sequence at the midpoint of one side of the upper table top 6 and at the two end points of the opposite side of the side, and the foot margin a of the 1 st V-shaped positioning cable 8 1 、A 2 Two end points of the edge which is obliquely opposite downwards and is fixed on the edge where the centre A of the lower table top 7 and the upper table top 6 is positioned, and a foot margin B of a 2 nd V-shaped positioning inhaul cable 8 1 、B 2 The middle points of two sides which are obliquely opposite downwards and are fixed at the end points of the centers B of the lower table top 7 and the upper table top 6 and the lower margin C of the 3 rd V-shaped positioning inhaul cable 8 1 、C 2 Fixed at the middle points of two sides of the lower table top 7 and the upper table top 6, the top C of which is obliquely and downwards opposite to the end point, and a foot margin B 2 、C 1 Geometric homography and electrical separation; the electric and thermal current wiring harness of the current driving module consists of 4 leads, wherein 3 leads are positive leads, the rest 1 lead is a common negative lead, and the 3 positive leads are respectively connected with the ground feet A of the 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8 1 、B 1 、C 1 Connecting, 1 common cathode lead and 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables 8's foot margin A simultaneously 2 、B 2 、C 2 Connecting; the memory alloy is copper-based alloy, and has a two-way shape memory effect of generating shape change during heating and cooling after heat treatment and mechanical training.
The micro-motion control module is acted by a microcontroller or shares a microprocessor with a small-sized mobile communication device user so as to further reduce the energy consumption and the volume of the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism.
The current driving module is operated by a constant current driving chip, the maximum constant current driving current is 100mA, and the current driving noise is less than 0.6 muA.
The signal output harness of the four-quadrant detection chip 9 consists of 5 wires, wherein 4 wires are 4 offset voltage signals V 1 、V 2 、V 3 、V 4 The rest 1 lead is a public ground wire, and 5 leads are all connected to an offset voltage signal input end of the inching control module; the photosensitive surface of the four-quadrant detection chip 9 is an indium-gallium-arsenic type photoelectric detection layer, the spectral response range is 900nm to 1700nm, and the diameter of the photosensitive surface is 3mm.
The wireless optical communication method using the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism of the present invention needs to be further limited by the following steps:
the communication lights emitted from both communication parties have different wavelengths, and one of the communication lights emits communication light lambda 1 The other side emits communication light lambda 2 As shown in FIG. 1, e.g. λ 1 =1490nm，λ 2 =1550nm。
Communication light λ received by the receiving and transmitting optical fiber 4 at either of both communication sides 1 The light is converged by a short-focus spherical lens 5 and is transmitted to a photoelectric detector 2 from a reflecting and transmitting mirror 3; communication light λ emitted from the laser diode 1 at either of both communication sides 2 The light is reflected by the reflection and transmission mirror 3 and collimated by the short-focus spherical lens 5, and finally emitted from the receiving and emitting optical fiber 4.
In the laser communication process, a digital electric signal input interface and a digital electric signal output interface in the communication transceiver chip are respectively externally connected with a user of the small mobile communication equipment.
Claims (10)
1. The wireless optical communication device adopting the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism is characterized in that a communication transceiving chip is respectively and electrically connected with a laser diode (1), a photoelectric detector (2) and a power supply module; it is characterized in that the reflection and transmission mirror (3) is positioned on the emergent light path of the laser diode (1) and the photoelectric detector (2)On the incident light path, the film coating of the working mirror surface of the reflection transmission mirror (3) is used for emitting light lambda of the laser diode (1) 1 Highly reflective incident light lambda to the photodetector (2) 2 The transmission is increased, the tail ends of the receiving and transmitting optical fibers (4) are aligned with the short-focus spherical lens (5), and the short-focus spherical lens (5) is positioned on one side of the working mirror surface of the reflection and transmission mirror (3) and is arranged in a common light path with the reflection and transmission mirror (3); the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism comprises an upper table top (6), a ball shaft, a lower table top (7) and a V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group, wherein the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7) are square, the ball shaft is positioned in the middle position between the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7), the lower table top (7) is fixed, the tops of 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) made of memory alloy in the V-shaped positioning inhaul cable group are fixed on the periphery of the upper table top (6), the feet of 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) are fixed on the periphery of the lower table top (7), the initial postures of the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7) are mutually parallel, and the electrothermal current in the 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) is zero; miniature optical axis stabilizing mean still includes fine motion control module, current drive module, four-quadrant detects chip (9) and fixes the intermediate position in last mesa (6), the head end of receiving and launching optic fibre (4) is located four-quadrant and detects chip (9) center, the terminal surface of head end and the photosensitive surface geometry coplanar of four-quadrant detection chip (9), the signal output pencil of four-quadrant detection chip (9) connects toward fine motion control module, fine motion control module is connected with current drive module electricity, current drive module's electric heating current pencil is connected with 3 respective two lower margin electricity of V type location cable (8) again, power module still with fine motion control module, current drive module electricity is connected respectively.
2. The wireless optical communication device using the micro optical axis stabilization mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the communication transceiver chip comprises: the laser comprises a digital electric signal input interface, a laser driving circuit, an adjustable resistor, a transimpedance amplifier, an amplitude limiting amplifier and a digital electric signal output interface, wherein the adjustable resistor is externally connected with a laser diode (1), and a photodetector (2) is internally connected with the transimpedance amplifier.
3. The wireless optical communication device adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power module is a step-down power module, the input voltage is 5V to 24v, and the output voltage is 5V.
4. The wireless optical communication device adopting the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) is a multimode optical fiber, the multimode optical fiber has a core diameter of 62.5 μm and a cladding diameter of 125 μm; the distance between the tail end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) and the short-focus spherical lens (5) is 1 to 2mm, and is smaller than the equivalent focal length of the short-focus spherical lens (5).
5. The wireless optical communication device adopting the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the spherical axis is composed of an axis ball (10) and two bearing concave spherical surfaces (11), the two bearing concave spherical surfaces (11) are respectively positioned at the middle part of the lower surface of the upper table top (6) and the middle part of the upper surface of the lower table top (7), the bearing concave spherical surfaces (11) are in a spherical crown shape, and the height of the spherical crown is intersected with the geometric centers of the upper table top (6) and the lower table top (7); the shaft ball (10) and the bearing concave spherical surface (11) are made of zirconia or silicon nitride ceramics.
6. The wireless optical communication device adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein apexes a, B, C of 3V-shaped positioning cables (8) in the V-shaped positioning cable group are sequentially fixed to a middle point of one side of the upper table top (6) and two end points of one side opposite to the one side, and a foot a of a 1 st V-shaped positioning cable (8) 1 、A 2 Two end points of the edge which is obliquely opposite downwards and is fixed on the edge where the centre A of the lower table top (7) and the upper table top (6) is positioned, and a foot margin B of a 2 nd V-shaped positioning inhaul cable (8) 1 、B 2 Is fixed at the middle points of two sides which are obliquely and downwards opposite and are positioned at the end points of the centre B of the lower table top (7) and the upper table top (6), and the 3 rd V-shaped statorFoot margin C of position cable (8) 1 、C 2 Is fixed at the middle points of two sides which are obliquely opposite downwards and are positioned at the end points of the top C of the lower table top (7) and the upper table top (6), and a foot margin B 2 、C 1 Geometric homography and electrical separation; the electric and thermal current wiring harness of the current driving module consists of 4 leads, wherein 3 leads are positive leads, the rest 1 lead is a common negative lead, and the 3 positive leads are respectively connected with the ground feet A of 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) 1 、B 1 、C 1 Connected with the ground feet A of 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) simultaneously by 1 public negative electrode lead 2 、B 2 、C 2 Connecting; the memory alloy is copper-based alloy.
7. The wireless optical communication device adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current driving module is operated by a constant current driving chip, the maximum constant current driving current is 100mA, and the current driving noise is less than 0.6 μ a.
8. The wireless optical communication device adopting the micro optical axis stabilizing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal output harness of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) is composed of 5 wires, 4 of which are 4 offset voltage signals V 1 、V 2 、V 3 、V 4 The rest 1 lead is a public ground wire, and 5 leads are all connected to an offset voltage signal input end of the inching control module; the photosensitive surface of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) is an indium-gallium-arsenic type photoelectric detection layer, the spectral response range is 900nm to 1700nm, and the diameter of the photosensitive surface is 3mm.
9. The wireless optical communication method adopting the miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanism is characterized in that:
step 1, aligning miniature optical axis stabilizing mechanisms of two communication parties under visual inspection;
step 2, a communication emitting party of the two communication parties emits communication light lambda from the head end of the receiving and emitting optical fiber (4) of the communication emitting party 1 The communication receiver receives the communication light lambda from the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) thereof 1 Said communication light λ 1 The light spot is larger than the end face of the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4), and the communication light lambda 1 Is received by 4 photosurfaces of the four-quadrant detection chip (9), as shown in fig. 2, with the geometric center of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) as the originoTwo mutually perpendicular boundary lines between 4 photosensitive surfaces of the four-quadrant detection chip (9) are taken asxA shaft,yThe shaft is set up into a rectangular coordinate system, and the center of the end face of the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) is positioned at the originoWhen the communication light is lambda 1 When offsets delta x and delta y occur between the center of the light spot and the center of the end face of the head end of the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) in two mutually perpendicular directions, the communication light lambda 1 The areas of the overflow portions irradiated on the 4 photosurfaces are respectively S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 The offset voltage signals output by the corresponding photosurfaces are respectively V 1 、V 2 、V 3 、V 4 The signal output wire harness transmits the offset voltage signal to the inching control module;
and 3, the micro-motion control module calculates the offsets delta x and delta y according to the offset values, the offsets delta x and delta y are used as control signals to be transmitted to the current driving module, and the current driving module generates 3 electric heating currents I according to the offsets delta x and delta y 1 、I 2 、I 3 The electrothermal current I is connected with an electrothermal current wiring harness 1 、I 2 、I 3 Respectively transmitted to 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8);
step 4, 3V-shaped positioning inhaul cables (8) change communication light lambda by adjusting the posture of the upper table board (6) on the premise that the lower table board (7) is fixed according to the temperature and linear relation of the memory alloy 1 The overflow part irradiates the area on 4 photosensitive surfaces of a four-quadrant detection chip (9) fixed on an upper table board (6), the step 3 is repeated, the posture of the upper table board (6) is dynamically adjusted until the offsets delta x and delta y are zero, 3 electric heating currents generated by a current driving module are kept unchanged, and communication light lambda received by a communication receiver is realized 1 And a receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) of a communication receiving side) Is stable coaxial.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the wavelengths of the communication lights emitted from both communication parties are different, and one of the communication lights emits the communication light λ 1 The other side emits communication light lambda 2 (ii) a Communication light lambda received by the receiving and transmitting optical fiber (4) at either of the two communication sides 1 The light is converged by a short-focus spherical lens (5) and is transmitted to a photoelectric detector (2) from a reflection transmission mirror (3); communication light lambda emitted from a laser diode (1) at either of both communication sides 2 The light is reflected by the reflection and transmission mirror (3) and collimated by the short-focus spherical lens (5) and finally emitted from the receiving and emitting optical fiber (4).
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117375708A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-09 | 威海激光通信先进技术研究院 | Optical fiber coupling-based spatial two-dimensional deflection angle measurement and communication integrated implementation method |
| CN117375708B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-03-19 | 威海激光通信先进技术研究院 | Optical fiber coupling-based spatial two-dimensional deflection angle measurement and communication integrated implementation method |
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| CN115833942B (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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