CN115826065A - Method for detecting natural potential in well for observing water source of seismic water level - Google Patents
Method for detecting natural potential in well for observing water source of seismic water level Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting natural potential in a well for observing a well water source of an earthquake water level, which comprises the following steps: s1, collecting a potential value measured by a zero potential electrode; s3, adjusting the distance between the non-polarized electrodes in the measuring cable; s3, gradually lowering the measurement cable from the wellhead of the observation well downwards until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measurement cable is lowered to the bottom of the well, collecting a potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable according to a preset collection interval by a collector in the lowering process of the measurement cable, and sending the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode to the notebook terminal; s4, acquiring a natural potential value of each non-polarized electrode according to the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode and the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode, and drawing a curve of the natural potential values of the 4 non-polarized electrodes in real time; and S5, determining a layer position exchanged with external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake activity monitoring, in particular to a method for detecting natural potential in a well for observing water source of a well at an earthquake water level.
Background
The phenomenon is difficult to solve in the still water level observation of the tracing earthquake monitoring, and is reflected in 4 aspects:
1. the casing pipe for monitoring the seismic fluid is difficult to be totally closed, and external water is easy to seep into a well hole to form water exchange, so that the hydrostatic level rises or falls or the water temperature changes abnormally.
2. The earthquake fluid observation well is easily influenced by strong rainfall, but the influence state is difficult to directly quantify by directly using rainfall, generally shows hysteresis effect of different degrees, and has the condition of improper and untimely rainfall loading.
3. Industrial pumping operations near a static water level observation well may cause the water level of high pressure aquifers to drop sharply during water gushes.
4. The static water level can be lowered or raised by various factors such as heavy rainfall, industrial pumping, construction site excavation and drought, and the nature and reason of the sudden change of the static water level are difficult to be clear.
Therefore, how to determine the exchange position of the makeup water after the change of the still water level is the key.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for detecting natural potential in a well from which seismic water level observation well water is sourced, which solves the technical problem that the replacement position of make-up water is difficult to judge in the existing seismic fluid observation.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting natural potential in a well of a seismic water level observation well water source, which is realized by adopting a monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system comprises: the system comprises a notebook terminal and a collector connected with the notebook terminal; the collector is also respectively connected with a zero potential electrode and a measuring cable; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, a collector in the monitoring system collects a potential value measured by a zero potential electrode and sends the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode to a notebook terminal;
the zero potential electrode is embedded at a zero potential point position appointed by the ground surface in advance;
s2, adjusting the distance between non-polarized electrodes in the measurement cable according to the depth of the borehole of the observation well;
the measuring cable comprises 4 measuring wire cores, and the 4 measuring wire cores are respectively connected with 4 non-polarized electrodes one by one;
s3, gradually lowering the measurement cable downwards from the wellhead of the observation well until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measurement cable is lowered to the bottom of the well, collecting a potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable according to a preset collection interval by a collector in the monitoring system in the lowering process of the measurement cable, and sending the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable to a notebook terminal;
s4, the notebook terminal obtains a natural potential value of each unpolarized electrode according to the potential value measured by each unpolarized electrode in the measuring cable and the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode, and draws a curve of the natural potential values of the 4 unpolarized electrodes in real time;
and S5, the notebook terminal determines the layer position exchanged with the external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
and the distance between the zero potential position on the ground surface and the wellhead of the observation well is more than or equal to 50 meters.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
and saline water is poured when the zero potential electrode is buried at the zero potential point of the ground surface.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the distance between any two adjacent non-polarized electrodes in the measuring cable is 10 m, and 4 non-polarized electrodes are vertically arranged at equal intervals.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the range between any two unpolarized electrodes in the measurement cable is less than 0.1mV.
And a waterproof protective layer is arranged on the outer side of the measuring cable.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the preset acquisition interval is 1s.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
in the process of lowering the measuring cable, when the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measuring cable is lowered to each type of stratum, the measuring cable is respectively kept for measuring preset time, and after the potential value measured by the non-polarized electrode reaches a preset value, the measuring cable is lowered until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measuring cable is lowered to the bottom of the well.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the preset time is 5min;
the preset values are 300.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the natural potential value of the unpolarized electrode is the difference between the potential value measured by the unpolarized electrode and the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode.
Preferably, the S5 specifically includes:
the notebook terminal determines a layer position for exchanging with external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes;
the layer position exchanged with the external water is a stratum with positive and negative potential turning or a swinging stratum with more than a preset amplitude in the same type of stratum of a natural potential value curve of 4 non-polarized electrodes.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for detecting the natural potential in the well of the water source of the seismic water level observation well, the distance between non-polarized electrodes in a measurement cable is adjusted according to the depth of a well hole of an observation well; gradually lowering the measuring cable from the wellhead of the observation well until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measuring cable is lowered to the bottom of the well, and in the process of lowering the measuring cable, the monitoring system
The collector in the system collects the potential value measured by each unpolarized electrode 5 in the measuring cable according to the preset collecting interval and sends the potential value measured by each unpolarized electrode in the measuring cable
Giving the notebook computer terminal; the notebook terminal obtains a natural potential value of each non-polarized electrode according to a potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measuring cable and a potential value measured by the zero potential electrode, and draws a curve of the natural potential values of the 4 non-polarized electrodes in real time; the pen
The notebook terminal determines the inflow 0 point of the external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes. Using different exchange paths for ion content at different levels in the wellbore, relative to the prior art
The characteristics of different degrees achieve the purpose of detecting the natural potential change along with the depth in the well and determining the layer position exchanged with the external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a borehole natural potential method 5 of detecting seismic water level survey well water sources in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring system for implementing the method for detecting natural potential in a well for observing water source of a well at an earthquake water level according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of 4 inner measuring cores in a measuring cable;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the monitoring system in operation;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a graph of the natural potential values of 4 unpolarized electrodes;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a monitoring system connection.
[ description of reference ]
101. A water impermeable protective layer;
102. a non-polarizing electrode;
5103. an electrode pull wire;
104. measuring the wire core;
201. a water-bearing formation;
202. a water impermeable formation;
203. measuring the cable;
204. a collector;
205. a notebook terminal;
206. a zero potential electrode;
207. a natural potential curve;
208. an observed borehole wall;
301. a natural potential value curve corresponding to the non-polarized electrode 102 at the shallowest position;
302. a natural potential value curve corresponding to the non-polarized electrode 102 at the second shallow position;
303. a natural potential value curve corresponding to the non-polarized electrode 102 at the third shallow position;
304. a natural potential value curve corresponding to the non-polarized electrode 102 at the deepest position;
401. a power line;
402. an electrode measurement line;
403. a zero potential measurement line;
404. type _ C type terminal line.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting a natural potential in a well from which a seismic water level observation well water is derived, which is implemented by using a monitoring system, and referring to fig. 2, the monitoring system includes: the system comprises a notebook terminal and a collector connected with the notebook terminal; the collector is also respectively connected with a zero potential electrode and a measuring cable; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, a collector in the monitoring system collects a potential value measured by a zero potential electrode and sends the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode to a notebook terminal.
The zero potential electrode is embedded in the position of a zero potential point designated by the ground surface in advance.
In this embodiment, the distance between the zero potential position on the ground surface and the wellhead of the observation well is greater than or equal to 50 meters. And saline water is poured when the zero potential electrode is buried at the zero potential point of the ground surface.
Specifically, a zero potential position is arranged on the ground surface, the zero potential position is generally far away from the opening of an observation well by more than 50m, a zero potential electrode is buried in a humid environment, and a pit needs to be dug and half-saturated saline water needs to be poured in the burying process to improve the good contact performance of the electrode.
S2, adjusting the distance between non-polarized electrodes in the measurement cable according to the depth of the borehole of the observation well;
referring to fig. 3, the measurement cable includes 4 measurement wire cores 104,4, and the measurement wire cores 104 are respectively connected to 4 non-polarized electrodes 102 one by one; the measurement core 104 in this embodiment is connected to the non-polarizing electrode 102 via an electrode pull wire 103.
Referring to fig. 3, in practical application of this embodiment, the distance between any two adjacent non-polarized electrodes in the measurement cable is 10 meters, and 4 non-polarized electrodes are vertically arranged at equal intervals. The range between any two non-polarized electrodes in the measurement cable is less than 0.1mV. The outside of the measuring cable is provided with a water impermeable protective layer 101.
And S3, gradually lowering the measurement cable from the wellhead of the observation well downwards until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measurement cable is lowered to the bottom of the well, collecting the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable by a collector in the monitoring system according to a preset collection interval in the lowering process of the measurement cable, and sending the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable to the notebook terminal.
The preset acquisition interval is 1s.
Specifically, in the process of lowering the measuring cable, when the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measuring cable is lowered to each type of stratum, the non-polarized electrode is respectively kept for measuring for a preset time, and after the potential value measured by the non-polarized electrode reaches a preset value, the measuring cable is lowered until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measuring cable is lowered to the bottom of the well.
Referring to fig. 4, the wellbore formation is complex, the formation types in the wellbore include at least 2, such as a water-bearing formation 201, a water-impermeable formation 202, and the water-barrier is substantially free of exchange with the interior of the wellbore, and ambient water may enter the wellbore from the water-bearing formation 201 and be ion-exchanged.
Referring to fig. 4, the measurement cable 203 is placed in the borehole and connected with the collector 204 outside the borehole, the collector 204 is connected with the notebook computer terminal 205, meanwhile, the collector 204 outside the borehole is also connected with the zero potential electrode 206, and the notebook computer terminal 205 displays the measured natural potential value in real time. The notebook computer terminal 205 further displays a natural potential curve 207; the wall of the observation well in fig. 4 is 208.
The preset time is 5min.
The preset values are 300.
And S4, the notebook terminal obtains the natural potential value of each non-polarized electrode according to the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measuring cable and the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode, and draws a curve of the natural potential values of the 4 non-polarized electrodes in real time.
And S5, the notebook terminal determines the layer position exchanged with the external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes.
The natural potential value of the non-polarized electrode is the difference value of the potential value measured by the non-polarized electrode and the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode. The natural potential is measured by the difference value of ion potential in the well hole relative to the outside, a reference zero potential electrode is placed at a position which is tens of meters outside the well head, the electrode is buried more than 30cm deep, and semi-saturated saline water is poured.
Referring to fig. 5, the measurement of the natural potential can directly reflect the ion distribution state of water at the depth of the well bore stratum compared with other hydrogeochemistry methods and hydrographic gradient methods, and the water supply source and the water supply scale in the well bore can be analyzed by combining the water temperature gradient and the hydrogeological conditions of the well bore compared with the gradient distribution of the natural potential at different depths.
As shown in fig. 5, the natural potential shows a tendency positive and negative potential reversal change at the permeable layer in the well,
and other observations such as water temperature gradient observation have no direct response, which shows that the natural potential measurement is more sensitive and direct to water rock reaction 5 and the exchange of heavy metal ions of external sewage.
The measuring array of the natural potential is gradually descended to the bottom of the well, data are conducted to a notebook computer to draw a curve for measuring the natural potential in real time, the curves of the natural potential values of the 4 non-polarized electrodes are compared, when positive and negative potential breakover or large amplitude swing occurs at the same horizon point of the four curves, the water rock reaction at the horizon point is strong, and accordingly, the infiltration horizon of the water outside the well hole can be judged and used as a basic criterion for judging the water flow source.
0 Natural potential value curves of 5,4 unpolarized electrodes at the shallowest position respectively
A natural potential value curve 301 corresponding to the electrode 102, a natural potential value curve 302 corresponding to the non-polarized electrode 102 at the second shallow position, a natural potential value curve 303 corresponding to the non-polarized electrode 102 at the third shallow position, and a natural potential value curve 304 corresponding to the non-polarized electrode 102 at the deepest position.
The S5 specifically comprises the following steps: the notebook terminal determines a layer position for exchanging with external water based on the natural electric 5-bit value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes;
the layer position exchanged with the external water is a stratum with positive and negative potential turning or a swinging stratum with more than a preset amplitude in the same type of stratum of a natural potential value curve of 4 non-polarized electrodes.
Near the well hole, the water level of the well head is higher than the lower part under the heating influence of the ground air temperature, the 0 natural potential measurement value can be unstable, and the metal ion content is caused by the influence of the sleeve
Higher than the deep part without the sleeve.
The measurement of the natural potential by the gradient electrode mode can repeatedly detect the test result of the last electrode on one hand, and can realize the observation of the vertical ground electric field on the other hand, namely, the tail electrode is taken as a zero potential electrode to obtain the measured value of the vertical ground electric field.
5 as shown in fig. 6, the terminals of the observation system are a collector and a common notebook terminal, which are easy to carry and have high stability, and the line connection is also simple and easy to operate, and does not need to perform a lot of preparation work before observation, which is very important for requiring rapid test to give judgment opinions after the observation of the hydrostatic level is abnormal.
In this embodiment, the collector is connected with a power supply through a power line 401, is connected with a zero potential electrode through a zero potential measuring line 403, is connected with a measuring cable through an electrode measuring line 402, and is connected with a notebook terminal through a type _ C type terminal line 404.
The measured value of the natural potential in the observation can be read in real time, and the curve of the measured value is drawn in real time, so that the abnormal condition in the well hole can be judged very timely, preliminary opinions can be given in real time by combining the surrounding hydrogeological environment and the response condition of rainfall, and the method is very critical for judging whether the water level and the water temperature are abnormal or not related to the earthquake inoculation.
The natural potential detection method directly detects the ion potential in the water body, reflects the ion content difference in each stratum of the earthquake water level observation well, can sensitively detect the live water supply sources around the well hole, and can be changed into the adjustment of considering the large-range regional stress strain when the seismic fluid well observation parameters are abnormal due to the removal of the supply sources.
The observation of the seismic fluid is very important for judging earthquake precursors, and is the basis for effectively judging the earthquake danger in time.
According to the method for detecting the natural potential in the well of the water source of the seismic water level observation well, the distance between non-polarized electrodes in a measurement cable is adjusted according to the depth of a well hole of an observation well; gradually lowering the measurement cable from the wellhead of the observation well downwards until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measurement cable is lowered to the bottom of the well, collecting a potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable by a collector in the monitoring system according to a preset collection interval in the lowering process of the measurement cable, and sending the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable to a notebook terminal; the notebook terminal obtains a natural potential value of each non-polarized electrode according to a potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measuring cable and a potential value measured by the zero potential electrode, and draws a curve of the natural potential values of the 4 non-polarized electrodes in real time; and the notebook terminal determines the inflow place of the external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the characteristics of different ion contents and different exchange degrees at different levels in the well are utilized, so that the purpose of determining the level of exchange with external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 unpolarized electrodes and the change of the natural potential in the monitoring well along with the depth is achieved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions.
It should be noted that in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the terms first, second, third and the like are for convenience only and do not denote any order. These words are to be understood as part of the name of the component.
Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of the present specification, the description of the term "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples", etc., means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the claims should be construed to include preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention should also include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting natural potential in a well of a seismic water level observation well water source is characterized in that the method for monitoring the natural potential in the well of the seismic water level observation well water source is realized by adopting a monitoring system, and the monitoring system comprises: the system comprises a notebook terminal and a collector connected with the notebook terminal; the collector is also respectively connected with a zero potential electrode and a measuring cable; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, a collector in the monitoring system collects a potential value measured by a zero potential electrode and sends the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode to a notebook terminal;
the zero potential electrode is embedded at a zero potential point position appointed by the ground surface in advance;
s2, adjusting the distance between non-polarized electrodes in the measurement cable according to the depth of the borehole of the observation well;
the measuring cable comprises 4 measuring wire cores, and the 4 measuring wire cores are respectively connected with 4 non-polarized electrodes one by one;
s3, gradually lowering the measurement cable from the wellhead of the observation well downwards until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measurement cable is lowered to the bottom of the well, collecting a potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable according to a preset collection interval by a collector in the monitoring system in the lowering process of the measurement cable, and sending the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measurement cable to the notebook terminal;
s4, the notebook terminal obtains the natural potential value of each non-polarized electrode according to the potential value measured by each non-polarized electrode in the measuring cable and the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode, and draws a curve of the natural potential values of the 4 non-polarized electrodes in real time;
and S5, the notebook terminal determines the layer position exchanged with the external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes.
2. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 1,
and the distance between the zero potential position on the ground surface and the wellhead of the observation well is more than or equal to 50 meters.
3. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 2,
and saline water is poured when the zero potential electrode is buried at the zero potential point of the ground surface.
4. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 3,
the distance between any two adjacent non-polarized electrodes in the measuring cable is 10 m, and 4 non-polarized electrodes are vertically arranged at equal intervals.
5. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 4,
the range between any two non-polarized electrodes in the measurement cable is less than 0.1mV.
And a waterproof protective layer is arranged on the outer side of the measuring cable.
6. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 5,
the preset acquisition interval is 1s.
7. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 6,
in the process of lowering the measuring cable, when the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measuring cable is lowered to each type of stratum, the measuring cable is respectively kept for measuring preset time, and after the potential value measured by the non-polarized electrode reaches a preset value, the measuring cable is lowered until the non-polarized electrode at the lowest part of the measuring cable is lowered to the bottom of the well.
8. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 7,
the preset time is 5min;
the preset values are 300.
9. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 8,
the natural potential value of the non-polarized electrode is the difference value of the potential value measured by the non-polarized electrode and the potential value measured by the zero potential electrode.
10. A method of natural potential in a well according to claim 9, wherein the S5 specifically comprises:
the notebook terminal determines the inflow place of the external water based on the natural potential value curves of the 4 non-polarized electrodes;
the inflow place of the external water is a stratum with positive and negative potential turning or a swinging stratum with more than a preset amplitude in the same type of stratum of a natural potential value curve of 4 non-polarized electrodes.
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