CN114622893A - Underground leakage measurement-while-drilling device and method and leakage plugging system - Google Patents
Underground leakage measurement-while-drilling device and method and leakage plugging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114622893A CN114622893A CN202111322871.1A CN202111322871A CN114622893A CN 114622893 A CN114622893 A CN 114622893A CN 202111322871 A CN202111322871 A CN 202111322871A CN 114622893 A CN114622893 A CN 114622893A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/11—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracers; using radioactivity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring underground leakage while drilling and a system for leaking stoppage, wherein the device for measuring while drilling comprises an underground monitoring unit, a ground monitoring unit and an MWD information communication feedback unit, wherein the underground monitoring unit is fixedly arranged on a drill rod and close to a drill bit, and can measure temperature, pressure and annular flow data of the position in real time and transmit the measured data to the MWD information communication feedback unit; the MWD information communication feedback unit is arranged on the drill rod and positioned above the underground monitoring unit, and can receive data measured by the underground monitoring unit and transmit the data to the ground monitoring unit; the ground monitoring unit is arranged at a wellhead and can judge whether the underground leakage happens according to data measured by the underground monitoring unit. The invention has the advantages of capability of determining the specific position of the lost circulation, strong anti-interference capability, capability of adapting to a high-density drilling fluid system and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling and leaking stoppage in oil and natural gas exploitation, in particular to a device and a method for measuring underground leakage while drilling and a leakage leaking stoppage system.
Background
The well leakage is a phenomenon that drilling fluid is leaked into a stratum in the drilling process and is a technical problem which exists for a long time but is difficult to solve in the drilling process. The occurrence of lost circulation wastes a large amount of effective drilling time, even causes the well to be scrapped, and causes huge economic loss and potential safety hazard.
The existing plugging technology is continuously developed and improved, but the plugging operation still faces higher risks and has higher failure probability. The reasons for this are mainly that effective judgment on important factors such as the position of a leaking layer, the distribution of leaking channels, leaking pressure, the sensitivity of leaking channels to pressure and the like is lacked, so that technological parameters such as the dropping of a leaking stoppage drilling tool, the grading of the particle size of leaking stoppage slurry, the construction pressure and the like cannot be accurately determined, which is the main reason for low success rate of early leaking stoppage, long leaking stoppage period and large loss. The method for searching for the leakage horizon widely used at present is a hydrodynamic test method and an underground instrument test method, but the measurement precision of the hydrodynamic method is influenced by various parameters such as well diameter, drilling tools, drilling fluid flow and the like, certain errors exist, and the result is inaccurate.
Aiming at the identification of the drilling mud leakage layer, various judgment methods are provided at home and abroad, including a mechanical drilling speed observation method, a rock core and sand sample observation method, a dynamic hydraulic method, a pressure gradient method, a well temperature method, a rotor flow method, a radioactive tracer method, a flow difference method, a thermocouple method, an electrode method and the like. In contrast, there are two more methods, one is to monitor the temperature change at different downhole depths by using temperature sensors, and the basic principle is that the formation temperature increases linearly with the depth from the surface, i.e. T ═ K × h, where: k is the temperature gradient (DEG C/m) and h is the distance (m) of the formation from the surface. Long-term practice shows that the method cannot accurately detect the leakage position due to the influence of factors such as instantaneity of temperature propagation, unobvious temperature change when the leakage amount is small and the like. The second measurement method is to adopt a flowmeter and pressure and temperature sensors to measure the flow, pressure and temperature changes of the drilling mud, but the adopted flowmeter contains movable components such as a rotor and the like because of the restriction of the measurement environment, the sensitive surface of the pressure sensor and the movable components of the flowmeter are easily influenced by sand grains in the drilling mud to cause unreliable or failure of measurement, and the research of leakage layer monitoring equipment developed at home and abroad at present belongs to measurement depending on single parameters, has poor anti-interference capability and cannot adapt to a high-density drilling fluid system.
The leakage of drilling mud and the pollution caused by the leakage are paid high attention, and the Sahar Bakhshi an provides a corresponding recovery treatment and treatment method for the pollution caused by the drilling mud scattered on the ground, so that a good effect is achieved. J.m. peden and j.g. tovar propose surface equivalent test methods to measure drilling mud loss, mainly using high temperature and high pressure tests to simulate loss due to mudcake cracking on the surface, but the disadvantages of this method are obvious and, as stated by the authors, the test temperatures and pressures used on the surface do not necessarily correspond to the actual temperatures and pressures downhole. Mohd, anuar Taib addresses the problem of 51 lost wells in 113 wells drilled on Sarawak coast, i.e. the total lost wells account for 50% of the number of drilled wells, and the severity of lost wells is classified into 4 grades, wherein the defined severe loss refers to wells from which drilling mud is totally lost, accounting for about 16% of the total number of wells. The method for processing the problems is to lift the drill rod once every 300 meters, separate the well section, test the well section by section and search the leakage point, obviously, the method is a time-consuming and labor-consuming method and does not conform to the principle of efficiently and accurately searching the leakage point. In the aspect of the leakage mechanism research, Alexandre Lavrov establishes a related drilling mud leakage model aiming at a common fractured leakage stratum, performs theoretical calculation and simulation, plays a good role in the research of the drilling mud leakage mechanism, but the related leakage stratum has certain limitation.
Many patent documents are available for domestic and foreign research, but the summary of the methods and measures is mainly focused on the following methods:
firstly, according to drilling fluid outlet flow, well head liquid level change, judge whether the leakage, measure drilling mud tank's liquid level, stock solution volume, total stock solution volume, variable quantity, mud density and temperature isoparametric, judge whether take place overflow or seepage in the pit. Many patents and literature have been studied in this regard. The method has the limitations that only the size of lost circulation and lost circulation can be judged, the specific lost circulation position cannot be determined, and direct support cannot be provided for the next step of leaking stoppage. The amount of the slurry needed by plugging is large, and the economic cost is high.
Secondly, the low or high conductivity indicating additive with quantitative and volume percentage concentration maintained is added into the drilling fluid, the maintaining and loss conditions of the additive in a drilling fluid circulation while drilling system are respectively detected by two types of probes arranged while drilling, and the position of the lost circulation while drilling is traced and the strength of the lost circulation while drilling is judged through comprehensive analysis. The well leakage and the well leakage strength are judged by the indicator, and the judgment is carried out by depending on the concentration change of the indicator. The disadvantage of this type of method is firstly the high indicator dosage, which requires continuous addition of indicator to maintain the indicator concentration throughout the drilling process, increasing the economic cost. Because there is a loss of indicator agent from the formation during drilling; secondly, if the crack leakage point is a crack leakage point, the drilling fluid leakage amount is small, the position of the lost circulation cannot be judged, the lost circulation flow is monitored more inaccurately and directly, and the economic cost of subsequent leaking stoppage work is high.
And thirdly, similar to the second method, adding a quantitative radioactive indicating additive with volume percentage concentration maintained into the drilling fluid, respectively detecting the maintaining and loss conditions of the additive in a drilling fluid while-drilling circulation system by using two types of probes arranged while drilling, and performing comprehensive analysis and judgment to trace the position of the lost circulation and judge the strength of the lost circulation. In addition to the aforementioned drawbacks, this method, due to the radioactivity of the liquid, necessitates a strict management and handling of the drilling fluid in order to avoid its environmental and human hazards. This in turn greatly increases the environmental costs of use and is not economical.
In summary, the existing evaluation method for the leakage horizon has more limitations and higher economic cost. Most of the methods rely on analyzing and judging the pressure of a leaking layer, the sensitivity of the leaking layer to the pressure, the properties of fluid contained in the leaking layer and the like, and even adopt a plugging test method to obtain more knowledge about the leaking layer. The analysis and judgment are all accompanied by human factors, and more depend on the richness of personal experience, and the level of personal level and the amount of experience directly influence the understanding of the properties of the leakage layer. And because accurate data when the underground leakage is lost cannot be obtained in real time, timely and effective knowledge cannot be provided for leakage stopping operation, so that the leakage stopping has high blindness and hysteresis, and the leakage stopping is not timely and has low success rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to address at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a downhole leakage measurement while drilling device which can determine the specific position of the lost circulation, has strong anti-interference capability and can adapt to a high-density drilling fluid system. For another example, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring downhole leakage while drilling, which can determine the specific location of the lost circulation, has strong anti-interference capability, and can adapt to a high-density drilling fluid system.
In order to achieve the above objects, an aspect of the present invention provides a downhole lost circulation while drilling device, comprising a downhole monitoring unit, a surface monitoring unit and an MWD information communication feedback unit, wherein,
the underground monitoring unit is fixedly arranged on the drill rod and close to the drill bit, and can measure the temperature, pressure and annular flow data of the position in real time and transmit the measured data to the MWD information communication feedback unit;
the MWD information communication feedback unit is arranged on the drill rod and positioned above the underground monitoring unit, and can receive data measured by the underground monitoring unit and transmit the data to the ground monitoring unit;
the ground monitoring unit is arranged at a wellhead and can judge whether the underground leakage occurs according to data measured by the underground monitoring unit.
In one exemplary embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, the downhole monitoring unit may comprise a measurement sub, an ultrasonic flow meter, a power source, and a transmitting antenna, wherein,
the measuring nipple is fixed on the outer wall of the drill rod and provides an installation base body for the ultrasonic flowmeter, the power supply and the transmitting antenna, the power supply supplies power for the ultrasonic flowmeter and the transmitting antenna, the ultrasonic flowmeter can measure annular flow, and the transmitting antenna transmits the annular flow measured by the ultrasonic flowmeter to the MWD information communication feedback unit.
In an exemplary embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, the downhole monitoring unit may further comprise temperature and pressure sensors capable of measuring temperature and pressure in the downhole annulus.
In an exemplary embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, the MWD information communication feedback unit may include a receiving antenna capable of receiving data transmitted from the downhole monitoring unit, and an MWD capable of transmitting data measured by the downhole monitoring unit to the surface monitoring unit in the form of a pulse signal.
In one exemplary embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, the surface monitoring unit may include a surface monitor and recording software, the recording software being capable of recording data transmitted by the MWD information communication feedback unit, the surface monitor being capable of determining whether a lost circulation is occurring downhole.
In an exemplary embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, the mud circulation unit may include a mud circulation line having one end communicating with the interior of the drill pipe and the other end communicating with the annulus, a mud pit, and a mud circulation pump injecting mud in the mud pit into the mud circulation line.
In an exemplary embodiment of an aspect of the present invention, the measurement-while-drilling apparatus may further include a hoisting unit connected to the drill pipe to control drill pipe tripping, lowering and stopping.
In an exemplary embodiment of one aspect of the invention, the measurement while drilling device is applicable to a well depth of below 5000m, a borehole diameter of 16.59-26.59 cm and a detectable minimum leakage flow rate of 1.2-10 m3/h。
In another aspect, the invention provides a downhole leakage plugging system, which may comprise the downhole leakage measurement-while-drilling device as described in any one of the above.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for measuring while drilling downhole leakage, which may be implemented by the device for measuring while drilling downhole leakage as described in any one of the above, and which includes the steps of:
in the drilling process, the temperature, pressure and annulus flow data of the position are measured in real time through the underground monitoring unit, and the ground monitoring unit stops drilling and pauses for a preset time after judging that the underground side leakage occurs according to the received temperature, pressure and annulus flow data;
the underground monitoring unit continuously measures the temperature, the pressure and the annular flow of the position in the pause time period, and an operator judges whether the position of a leakage point is between the underground monitoring unit and the drill bit or above the underground monitoring unit according to the direction of the annular flow;
if the flow direction of the annulus is from the wellhead to the bottom of the well, the leakage point is positioned between the underground monitoring unit and the drill bit, the information measured by the underground monitoring unit is the information of the leakage position, the slurry circulating pump is started, and the MWD information communication feedback unit transmits the leakage information to the ground;
if the annulus flow is in the direction from the well bottom to the well head, the leak point is positioned above the underground monitoring unit, the drill stem is lifted up to drill, the underground monitoring unit keeps collecting the underground temperature, the pressure and the annulus flow in the drilling process, the drilling is stopped until the annulus flow direction is changed into the direction from the well head to the well bottom, the slurry circulating pump is started, and the MWD information communication feedback unit transmits the leakage information to the ground.
In an exemplary embodiment of still another aspect of the present invention, the dwell time may be 60 to 120s, and the annular flow rate may be 1.2 to 10m3/h。
In an exemplary embodiment of still another aspect of the present invention, the downhole temperature may be 0 to 150 ℃ and the downhole pressure may be 0 to 120 MPa.
In an exemplary embodiment of still another aspect of the present invention, the method for measuring while drilling loss may further include:
during the drill-out process, whether the drill-out is in the pause period of the disassembly of the stand column is judged through the continuous reduction or the transient invariance of the underground pressure, at the moment, whether a leaking layer is found is judged according to the annular flow direction measured by the underground monitoring unit, and if the leaking layer is not found, the drill-out is required to be continued until the leaking layer is found.
In an exemplary embodiment of yet another aspect of the present invention, the leakage layer information may include leakage layer location, pressure, temperature, and leakage flow rate.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention comprise at least one of the following:
(1) the underground leakage measurement while drilling device mainly comprises an underground monitoring unit, a ground monitoring unit and an MWD information communication feedback unit, wherein the underground monitoring unit monitors and records data such as underground flow change and the like, and transmits the collected information to the ground monitoring unit through the MWD information feedback unit, the ground monitoring unit provides technical data support for judging a leakage point of a well according to the collected underground information, the problem that the existing leakage position evaluation device has human factors for analyzing and judging the leakage point is avoided, the method has the advantages that the method depends on the degree of personal experience, the level of personal experience and the amount of experience directly influence the recognition of the properties of the leaking layer, and the problems of large blindness and hysteresis, untimely leaking stoppage and low success rate of leaking stoppage caused by the fact that accurate data when the underground leaking is not obtained in real time and timely and effective information cannot be provided for leaking stoppage operation are solved;
(2) the invention can provide a new evaluation method of the leaking position for the drilling construction, and the method can accurately judge the slurry leaking position and the liquid leaking force in time, eliminates the influence of human factors, improves the accuracy and the effectiveness of subsequent leaking stoppage, and provides reliable technical support for the leaking stoppage work;
(3) the leakage detection method does not need radioactive liquid or additive, has no problem of environmental pollution, and has good application and economic values.
Drawings
The above and other objects and/or features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a downhole lost circulation while drilling measurement device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2a and 2b show enlarged views of a portion of fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals:
the system comprises a 1-downhole monitoring unit, a 2-MWD information communication feedback unit, a 3-ground monitoring unit, a 4-borehole, a 5-leak point position, a 6-drill rod, a 7-drill bit, an 8-hoisting unit, a 9-mud circulating unit, a 91-mud circulating pipeline, a 92-mud pool and a 93-mud circulating pump.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the downhole lost circulation while drilling measuring device and method, and the lost circulation plugging system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
In a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, the downhole leakage measurement-while-drilling device mainly comprises a downhole monitoring unit, a surface monitoring unit and an MWD information communication feedback unit.
The underground monitoring unit is fixedly arranged on the drill rod and close to the drill bit, and can measure the temperature, the pressure and the annular flow data of the position in real time and transmit the measured data to the MWD information communication feedback unit. Here, the downhole monitoring unit may include a measurement sub, an ultrasonic flow meter, a power supply, and a transmitting antenna. Wherein, measure the nipple joint and fix and provide the installation base member for ultrasonic flowmeter, power and transmitting antenna on the drilling rod outer wall, the power is ultrasonic flowmeter and transmitting antenna power supply, and ultrasonic flowmeter can measure annular space flow, and transmitting antenna sends the annular space flow that ultrasonic flowmeter measured for MWD information communication feedback unit. In addition, the downhole monitoring unit may also include temperature and pressure sensors capable of measuring temperature and pressure in the downhole annulus. The flow meter may also be an electromagnetic flow meter, but the use of an electromagnetic flow meter is only suitable for water based mud and not for oil based mud.
The MWD information communication feedback unit is arranged on the drill rod and located above the underground monitoring unit, and the MWD information communication feedback unit can receive data measured by the underground monitoring unit and transmit the data to the ground monitoring unit. Here, the MWD (mud pulse transmission system) information communication feedback unit may include a receiving antenna capable of receiving data transmitted from the downhole monitoring unit, and an MWD (mud pulse transmission system) capable of transmitting data measured by the downhole monitoring unit to the surface monitoring unit in the form of a pulse signal.
The ground monitoring unit is arranged at a wellhead and can judge whether the underground leakage occurs according to data measured by the underground monitoring unit. Here, the surface monitoring unit may include a surface monitor and recording software, the recording software may record data transmitted by the MWD information communication feedback unit, and the surface monitor may determine whether a lost circulation is occurring downhole. Here, the surface monitor determines that the downhole lost circulation is occurring according to the change trend of the annular flow data measured by the downhole monitoring unit (for example, the flow curve is suddenly changed).
In the present exemplary embodiment, the measurement-while-drilling apparatus may further include a mud circulation unit, which may include a mud circulation line having one end communicating with the inside of the drill pipe and the other end communicating with the annulus, a mud pool, and a mud circulation pump that injects mud in the mud pool into the mud circulation line.
In the exemplary embodiment, the measurement-while-drilling apparatus may further include a hoisting unit connected to the drill pipe to control drill pipe tripping, lowering, and stopping.
In the exemplary embodiment, the well depth suitable for the measurement while drilling device can be below 5000m, the diameter of the borehole can be 16.59-26.59 cm, and the diameter of the borehole is 21.59 cm. The minimum leakage flow rate capable of being detected can be 1.2-10 m3/h。
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a downhole lost circulation while drilling measurement device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2a and 2b show enlarged views of a portion of fig. 1. Wherein, fig. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of a leak point position between the drill bit and the downhole monitoring unit; FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a structure with a leak point positioned above a downhole monitoring unit.
In the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 (a) and fig. 2 (b), the downhole loss while drilling measuring device mainly comprises a downhole monitoring unit 1, a surface monitoring unit 3 and an MWD information communication feedback unit 2.
The underground monitoring unit 1 is fixedly arranged on a drill rod 6 and close to a drill bit 7, and the underground monitoring unit 1 can measure temperature, pressure and annular flow data of the position where the underground monitoring unit is located in real time and transmit the measured data to the MWD information communication feedback unit 2. Here, the downhole monitoring unit 1 may comprise a measurement sub, an ultrasonic flow meter, a power supply and a transmitting antenna. Wherein, measure the nipple joint and fix and provide the installation base member for ultrasonic flowmeter, power and transmitting antenna on the drilling rod outer wall, the power is ultrasonic flowmeter and transmitting antenna power supply, and ultrasonic flowmeter can measure annular space flow, and transmitting antenna sends the annular space flow that ultrasonic flowmeter measured for MWD information communication feedback unit. In addition, the downhole monitoring unit may further comprise temperature and pressure sensors capable of measuring temperature and pressure in the downhole annulus.
The MWD information communication feedback unit 2 is arranged on the drill rod 6 and located above the underground monitoring unit 1, and the MWD information communication feedback unit 2 can receive data measured by the underground monitoring unit 1 and transmit the data to the ground monitoring unit 3. Here, the MWD information communication feedback unit 2 may include a receiving antenna capable of receiving data transmitted from the downhole monitoring unit 1, and an MWD (mud pulse transmission system) capable of transmitting data measured by the downhole monitoring unit to the surface monitoring unit 3 in the form of a pulse signal.
The ground monitoring unit 3 is arranged at a wellhead and can judge whether the underground leakage occurs according to the data measured by the underground monitoring unit 1. Here, the surface monitoring unit 3 may include a surface monitor and recording software, the recording software can record data transmitted by the MWD information communication feedback unit, and the surface monitor can determine whether a lost circulation is occurring downhole. For example, the surface monitor determines that a downhole lost circulation is occurring according to a change trend of the annular flow data (e.g., a sudden change of the flow curve) measured by the downhole monitoring unit.
In the present exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the measurement-while-drilling apparatus may further include a mud circulation unit 9, and the mud circulation unit 9 may include a mud circulation line 91, a mud pit 92, and a mud circulation pump 93, and one end of the mud circulation line 91 is connected to the upper end of the drill pipe 6, thereby injecting mud into the interior of the drill pipe 6. The other end of the mud circulation line 91 communicates with the annulus. A slurry tank 92 and a slurry circulation pump 93 are provided on the slurry circulation line 91, and the slurry circulation pump 93 injects the slurry in the slurry tank 92 into the slurry circulation line for slurry circulation.
In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the measurement while drilling apparatus may further include a hoisting unit 8, and the hoisting unit 8 is connected to the upper end of the drill pipe 6 to control the drill pipe 6 to drill up, down and stop.
In the exemplary embodiment, the measurement while drilling device is applicable to a well depth of 5000m or less, a borehole diameter of 21.59cm, and a detectable minimum leakage flow rate of 1.2-10 m3/h。
In a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the downhole lost circulation system may comprise the downhole lost circulation measurement-while-drilling apparatus described in the first or second exemplary embodiments above.
In a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the downhole leakage measurement while drilling method may be implemented by the downhole leakage measurement while drilling device according to the first or second exemplary embodiment, and the downhole leakage measurement while drilling method includes the steps of:
in the drilling process, the temperature, the pressure and the annulus flow data of the position are measured in real time through the underground monitoring unit, and after the ground monitoring unit judges that the underground side leakage occurs according to the received temperature, pressure and annulus flow data, the drilling is stopped and the preset time is stopped. Here, the dwell time may be 60 to 120s, and the annular flow rate may be 1.2 to 10m3H is used as the reference value. The underground monitoring unit continuously measures the temperature, the pressure and the annular flow of the position in the pause time period, and an operator judges whether the position of the leak point is between the underground monitoring unit and the drill bit or above the underground monitoring unit according to the direction of the annular flow. Here, the downhole temperature may be 0 to 150 ℃ and the downhole pressure may be 0 to 120 MPa. As shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b), a leak point location 5 is formed on the wall of the borehole 4.
If the direction of the annular flow is from the wellhead to the bottom of the well (namely the annular flow is negative flow), the leakage point is positioned between the underground monitoring unit and the drill bit, the information measured by the underground monitoring unit is the information of the leakage layer, the slurry circulating pump is started, and the MWD information communication feedback unit transmits the leakage information to the ground. When the well leakage occurs between the underground monitoring unit and the drill bit, the flow monitored by the ultrasonic flowmeter is negative when the ultrasonic flowmeter is stopped, and the annular flow measured by the ultrasonic flowmeter is very accurate because the pump is stopped without pump speed interference (the slurry circulating pump is also stopped at the same time). The pump is then turned on and the MWD can upload the missing information near the bit to the surface. Here, the leak layer information may include a leak layer position, pressure, temperature, and leak flow rate. As shown in figure (2a), when the leak-off location 5 is located in the borehole 4 between the drill bit 7 and the downhole monitoring unit 1, the drilling fluid in the drill string and the drilling fluid in the annulus enter the formation through the leak-off location 5 when the drilling is stopped. At this time, the downhole monitoring unit 1 measures the annular flow in the direction from the wellhead to the bottom of the well.
If the annulus flow is in the direction from the bottom to the top of the well (namely the annulus flow is positive), the leak point is positioned above the underground monitoring unit, the drill rod is lifted to drill, the underground monitoring unit keeps collecting the underground temperature, pressure and annulus flow in the drilling process until the annulus flow direction is changed to the direction from the top to the bottom of the well (namely the annulus flow is changed from positive flow to negative flow), the drilling is stopped, the slurry circulating pump is started, and the MWD information communication feedback unit transmits the leakage information to the ground. And if no leaking layer is found, the drilling is required to be continued until the leaking layer is found. When the leak point location 5 is located on the wall of the borehole 4 above the downhole monitoring unit 1, as shown in fig. 2b, the drilling fluid in the drill pipe 6 flows out from the drill bit 7 when the drilling is stopped, and then flows in the annulus from the main bottom to the top through the downhole monitoring unit 1 and into the formation through the leak point location 5.
In the exemplary embodiment, the downhole temperature may be 0 to 150 ℃ and the downhole pressure may be 0 to 120 MPa.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention include at least one of the following:
(1) the underground leakage measurement while drilling device mainly comprises an underground monitoring unit, a ground monitoring unit and an MWD information communication feedback unit, wherein the underground monitoring unit monitors and records data such as underground flow change and the like, and transmits the collected information to the ground monitoring unit through the MWD information feedback unit, the ground monitoring unit provides technical data support for judging a leakage point of a well according to the collected underground information, the problem that the existing leakage position evaluation device has human factors for analyzing and judging the leakage point is avoided, the method has the advantages that the method depends on the degree of personal experience, the level of personal experience and the amount of experience directly influence the recognition of the properties of the leaking layer, and the problems of large blindness and hysteresis, untimely leaking stoppage and low success rate of leaking stoppage caused by the fact that accurate data when the underground leaking is not obtained in real time and timely and effective information cannot be provided for leaking stoppage operation are solved;
(2) the invention can provide a new evaluation method of the leaking position for the drilling construction, and the method can accurately judge the slurry leaking position and the liquid leaking force in time, eliminates the influence of human factors, improves the accuracy and the effectiveness of subsequent leaking stoppage, and provides reliable technical support for the leaking stoppage work;
(3) the leakage detection method does not need radioactive liquid or additive, has no problem of environmental pollution, and has good application and economic values.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (14)
1. The underground leakage measurement while drilling device is characterized by comprising an underground monitoring unit, a ground monitoring unit and an MWD information communication feedback unit, wherein,
the underground monitoring unit is fixedly arranged on the drill rod and close to the drill bit, and can measure the temperature, pressure and annular flow data of the position in real time and transmit the measured data to the MWD information communication feedback unit;
the MWD information communication feedback unit is arranged on the drill rod and positioned above the underground monitoring unit, and can receive data measured by the underground monitoring unit and transmit the data to the ground monitoring unit;
the ground monitoring unit is arranged at a wellhead and can judge whether the underground leakage happens according to data measured by the underground monitoring unit.
2. The downhole loss while drilling measurement device of claim 1, wherein the downhole monitoring unit comprises a measurement sub, an ultrasonic flow meter, a power supply, and a transmitting antenna, wherein,
the measuring nipple is fixed on the outer wall of the drill rod and provides an installation base body for the ultrasonic flowmeter, the power supply and the transmitting antenna, the power supply supplies power for the ultrasonic flowmeter and the transmitting antenna, the ultrasonic flowmeter can measure annular flow, and the transmitting antenna transmits the annular flow measured by the ultrasonic flowmeter to the MWD information communication feedback unit.
3. The downhole loss while drilling device of claim 2, wherein the downhole monitoring unit further comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor capable of measuring temperature and pressure in the downhole annulus.
4. The downhole loss while drilling measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the MWD information communication feedback unit comprises a receiving antenna and an MWD, the receiving antenna can receive data transmitted by the downhole monitoring unit, and the MWD can transmit data measured by the downhole monitoring unit to the surface monitoring unit in the form of pulse signals.
5. The downhole loss while drilling measurement device of claim 1, wherein the surface monitoring unit comprises a surface monitor and recording software, the recording software can record data transmitted by the MWD information communication feedback unit, and the surface monitor can judge whether the downhole loss while drilling occurs.
6. The downhole loss while drilling measurement device of claim 1, wherein the mud circulation unit comprises a mud circulation line, a mud pit, and a mud circulation pump, wherein one end of the mud circulation line is in communication with the interior of the drill pipe and the other end is in communication with the annulus, and wherein the mud circulation pump injects mud from the mud pit into the mud circulation line.
7. The downhole loss while drilling measurement device of claim 1, further comprising a hoisting unit coupled to the drill pipe to control drill pipe tripping, and stopping.
8. The downhole leakage measurement-while-drilling device according to claim 1, wherein the downhole leakage measurement-while-drilling device is applicable to a well depth of 5000m or less, a borehole diameter of 16.59-26.59 cm, and a detectable minimum leakage flow rate of 1.2-10 m3/h。
9. A downhole leakage plugging system, characterized in that the downhole leakage plugging system comprises the downhole leakage measurement-while-drilling device as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.
10. A downhole leakage measurement while drilling method, which is realized by the downhole leakage measurement while drilling device according to any one of claims 1-8, and which comprises the steps of:
in the drilling process, the temperature, pressure and annulus flow data of the position are measured in real time through the underground monitoring unit, and the ground monitoring unit stops drilling and pauses for a preset time after judging that the underground side leakage occurs according to the received temperature, pressure and annulus flow data;
the underground monitoring unit continuously measures the temperature, the pressure and the annular flow of the position in the pause time period, and an operator judges whether the position of a leak point is between the underground monitoring unit and the drill bit or above the underground monitoring unit according to the direction of the annular flow;
if the flow direction of the annulus is from the wellhead to the bottom of the well, the leakage point is positioned between the underground monitoring unit and the drill bit, the information measured by the underground monitoring unit is the information of the leakage layer, a slurry circulating pump is started, and the MWD information communication feedback unit transmits the leakage information to the ground;
if the annulus flow is in the direction from the well bottom to the well head, the leak point is positioned above the underground monitoring unit, the drill rod is lifted up to start the drilling, the underground monitoring unit keeps collecting the underground temperature, the pressure and the annulus flow in the drilling starting process until the annulus flow direction is changed to the direction from the well head to the well bottom, the drilling starting is stopped, the slurry circulating pump is started, and the MWD information communication feedback unit transmits the leakage information to the ground.
11. The downhole loss while drilling measurement method according to claim 10, wherein the dwell time is 60-120 s, and the annular flow rate is 1.2-10 m3/h。
12. The method for measuring while drilling the downhole leakage according to claim 10, wherein the downhole temperature is 0-150 ℃ and the downhole pressure is 0-120 MPa.
13. The downhole loss while drilling method of claim 10, further comprising:
during the drill-out process, whether the drill-out is in the pause period of the disassembly of the stand column is judged through the continuous reduction or the transient invariance of the underground pressure, at the moment, whether a leaking layer is found is judged according to the annular flow direction measured by the underground monitoring unit, and if the leaking layer is not found, the drill-out is required to be continued until the leaking layer is found.
14. The downhole loss while drilling method of claim 10, wherein the lost circulation information comprises lost circulation location, pressure, temperature, and lost circulation flow rate.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111894560A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Leakage detection and plugging method while drilling in drilling process |
| CN116066085A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drilling fluid leakage position measuring device and measuring method |
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2021
- 2021-11-09 CN CN202111322871.1A patent/CN114622893A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111894560A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Leakage detection and plugging method while drilling in drilling process |
| CN111894560B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-11-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Leakage-detection-while-drilling plugging method in drilling process |
| CN116066085A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drilling fluid leakage position measuring device and measuring method |
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