CN115825962A - Dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method and system and radar - Google Patents
Dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method and system and radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method, a system and a radar, wherein the method comprises the following steps: an antenna feeder antenna is configured in advance, and comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; performing radiation microwave scanning through a Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence-angle conical radiation microwave scanning through two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and a single offset paraboloid to obtain cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information; and performing three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud stroke vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud stroke data information and the sea surface wind data information. The cloud and rain simultaneous detection capability is realized through Ku and Ka dual-frequency band compounding; cloud wind and sea wind detection is achieved through large-incidence-angle cone scanning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and testing, in particular to a dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method and system and a radar.
Background
China is one of the most serious countries in the world suffering from natural disasters, and meteorological disasters are various in types, wide in distribution region and high in occurrence frequency, and seriously affect the life and property safety of people. The main disastrous weather comprises typhoon, rainstorm, drought, sudden weather and the like.
The airborne weather radar can meet the fine detection requirements of targets such as close-range cloud rain and the like, provides a powerful new means for revealing the micro physical characteristics of the cloud rain, quantitatively inverts physical parameters such as a cloud rain structure, a cloud rain phase, an atmospheric wind profile, sea surface wind and the like, improves the cognition ability of the formation and development processes of disastrous weather, realizes monitoring and early warning of the rapid change process of middle and small-scale weather, and makes up the defects that the fine structure and the fine forecast requirements cannot be met due to insufficient space-time density of data during the detection of the rapid change weather. The radar detection technology of a brand-new system and the application thereof in monitoring and early warning of meteorological disasters are explored, and important technical reserves are provided for further improving the monitoring and early warning capability of the disastrous weather in China.
At present, a great deal of manpower and material resources are successively input at home and abroad to develop airborne weather detection equipment and a system. The united states is the earliest and most active country worldwide for systematically carrying out aircraft atmosphere detection activities. The whole U.S. has NASA (national aviation and aerospace agency), NOAA (national oceanic atmospheric agency), ONF (naval research institute), NCAR (national atmospheric research center), uwyo (University of Wyoming), umass (University of Masssachusetts), proSensing and other organizations developing airborne atmosphere exploration activities, providing subsidized NSF (national science foundation), DOE (department of energy in the United states) and the like.
The early detection airplane is limited by airplane performance and detection technology, most of the early detection airplane is only provided with a millimeter wave cloud radar, a cloud micro physical detection system, a radiation measuring instrument and a gas sampling device, and airborne detection energy is not fully exerted. Due to the development of the technology, new detection equipment is continuously added to the detection aircraft, particularly, an airborne cloud radar and a rain radar are added to form detection in the whole process from cloud generation and development to precipitation, and key data are provided for forecasting. In the field of meteorological detection in China, an active remote sensing meteorological detection means on a space base is basically blank.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method, a dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement system and a radar, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
according to an aspect of the invention, a dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method is provided.
The double-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement method comprises the following steps:
an antenna feeder antenna is configured in advance, and the antenna feeder antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources;
performing radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the rain of the region to be detected through the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence-angle conical radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the sea in the region to be detected through two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset paraboloid to obtain cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information;
and performing three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud and wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
The reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid is a partial paraboloid transmitting antenna, the feed source phase center of the single offset paraboloid is the focus of the original upright paraboloid, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is towards the center of the offset transmitting surface.
The Ku/Ka dual-band feed source is a Ku/Ka dual-band coaxial common feed source antenna.
Wherein, the irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source of the low frequency band is 30 degrees; the irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source of the high frequency band is 40 degrees.
According to another aspect of the invention, a dual frequency weather cloud measurement system is provided.
This dual-frenquency wind and rain cloud measurement system includes:
the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the servo rotating mechanism is used for transmitting radiation microwaves, forming inner and outer ring scanning beams for the area to be detected under the rotation of the servo rotating mechanism, and receiving the radiation microwaves backscattered by the target;
the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module is used for down-converting the received radio frequency signals to intermediate frequency signals, delivering the intermediate frequency signals to the rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signals to radio frequency signals, delivering the radio frequency signals to the radio frequency front-end driving amplifier and simultaneously providing a clock;
the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for carrying out amplification processing and isolation processing on a radio frequency signal, wherein the amplification processing comprises multi-stage efficacy amplification processing, signal amplitude limiting amplification processing and signal low noise amplification processing;
the servo rotating mechanism is used for driving the antenna feeder antenna to rotationally scan the area to be measured under the control of the servo controller;
the signal processor is used for acquiring target backscattered radiation microwaves received by the antenna feeder antenna to obtain cloud and rain data information of radiation microwave scanning of the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source on cloud and rain in a region to be detected, and cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information of large-incidence-angle conical radiation microwave scanning of the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset paraboloid on cloud and sea in the region to be detected;
and the data processing subsystem is used for performing three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
The reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid is a partial paraboloid transmitting antenna, the feed source phase center of the single offset paraboloid is the focus of the original upright paraboloid, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is towards the center of the offset transmitting surface.
The Ku/Ka dual-band feed source is a Ku/Ka dual-band coaxial common feed source antenna.
Wherein, the irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source of the low frequency band is 30 degrees; the irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the high-frequency Ku/Ka dual-frequency-band feed source is 40 degrees.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement radar is provided.
The dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement radar comprises a servo controller, a signal processor and a servo rotating mechanism, wherein the servo controller is arranged in an airplane cabin, the servo rotating mechanism is arranged in the airplane cabin in a penetrating manner, and an antenna feeder antenna, a microwave receiving and transmitting channel module and a radio frequency preamplifier which are matched with the antenna feeder antenna are arranged on the servo rotating mechanism positioned outside the airplane cabin; the signal processor comprises a signal collector and a signal processing unit, and the signal collector is arranged on a servo rotating mechanism positioned outside the airplane cabin; the signal processing unit is arranged in the aircraft cabin; the servo controller is in control connection with the servo rotating mechanism, the antenna feeder antenna is in communication connection with the radio frequency preamplifier, the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module and the signal collector, and the signal processing unit is in communication connection with the antenna feeder antenna and an external data processing subsystem.
The antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources.
Advantageous effects
The invention integrates the functions of wind in the cloud, wind on the sea surface, cloud, rain and the like which are realized by three or four loads into one load: the simultaneous cloud and rain detection capability is realized through Ku and Ka dual-frequency band compounding; cloud wind and sea surface wind detection is realized through large-incidence-angle conical scanning; and the problem that one set of antenna multiplexes two frequency bands is solved by adopting the dual-frequency-band coaxial feed source, the volume and the weight of system load are greatly reduced, the complexity of interface design is reduced, and the dual-frequency-band coaxial feed source is particularly suitable for high-altitude flight platforms.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a dual-frequency weather cloud measurement method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a dual-frequency weather cloud measurement system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dual-frequency coaxial feed according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a microwave transceiving channel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an RF front-end driver amplifier according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of servo components and connections according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a servo controller; 2. a servo rotation mechanism; 3. an antenna feed antenna; 4. a microwave transceiving channel module; 5. a radio frequency preamplifier; 6. a signal collector; 7. a signal processing unit.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method, a dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement system and a radar are provided.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S101, an antenna feeder antenna is configured in advance, and the antenna feeder antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources;
step S103, performing radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the rain of the region to be detected through the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence-angle conical radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the sea in the region to be detected through two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset paraboloid to obtain cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information;
and S105, performing three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
The reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid is a partial paraboloid transmitting antenna, the feed source phase center of the single offset paraboloid is the focus of the original upright paraboloid, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is towards the center of the offset transmitting surface.
As shown in fig. 2, the dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the servo rotating mechanism is used for transmitting radiation microwaves, forming inner and outer ring scanning beams for the area to be detected under the rotation of the servo rotating mechanism, and receiving the radiation microwaves backscattered by the target;
the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module is used for down-converting the received radio frequency signals to intermediate frequency signals, delivering the intermediate frequency signals to the rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signals to radio frequency signals, delivering the radio frequency signals to the radio frequency front-end driving amplifier and simultaneously providing a clock;
the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for carrying out amplification processing and isolation processing on a radio frequency signal, wherein the amplification processing comprises multi-stage efficacy amplification processing, signal amplitude limiting amplification processing and signal low noise amplification processing;
the servo rotating mechanism is used for driving the antenna feeder antenna to rotationally scan the area to be detected under the control of the servo controller;
the signal processor is used for acquiring target backscattered radiation microwaves received by the antenna feeder antenna to obtain cloud and rain data information of radiation microwave scanning of the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source on cloud and rain in a region to be detected, and cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information of large-incidence-angle conical radiation microwave scanning of the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset paraboloid on cloud and sea in the region to be detected;
and the data processing subsystem is used for performing three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
When the antenna is applied specifically, the antenna feed antenna is used for radiating microwave energy and receiving microwave power backscattered by a target, and inner and outer ring scanning beams are formed under the servo action; the microwave receiving and transmitting channel is used for down-converting a received radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal and transmitting the intermediate frequency signal to a rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signal to a radio frequency signal and transmitting the radio frequency signal to a radio frequency front-end driving amplifier, and meanwhile, providing clocks for a system control and data processing subsystem and the like; the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for multistage power amplification and emission of radio frequency signals, amplitude limiting and low-noise amplification of received signals and isolation of received and transmitted signals; the signal processor is used for transmitting waveform generation, data acquisition, radar signal processing, system control, external interface and the like; the servo mechanism completes various scanning rotary motions under the control of software and returns the real-time angle confidence; the whole machine structure provides installation support, mechanical limit and the like for each single machine; the data processing subsystem is used for data quality control and preprocessing, sea surface wind field inversion, cloud stroke inversion and three-dimensional cloud precipitation inversion.
The antenna feed subsystem consists of a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset reflecting surface is a reflecting surface which is obtained by cutting a block on the parabolic reflecting antenna and is used as the antenna, the phase center of the feed source is still positioned on the focus of the original upright parabolic surface, but the maximum receiving direction of the feed source must point to the center of the offset reflecting surface, so that the plane of the feed source has an elevation angle upwards, the feed source can be moved out of the opening surface of the parabolic antenna, the feed source and a support are prevented from being shielded, and the receiving efficiency of the antenna is improved; the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source works on two frequency bands of Ku and Ka, solves the problem that one set of antenna multiplexes the two frequency bands by adopting the dual-frequency coaxial common feed source technology, has advantages in the aspects of structure, design and debugging, electrical property and the like, simultaneously achieves miniaturization as much as possible, and is more suitable for airborne use; the dual-frequency coaxial shared feed source is formed by coaxially nesting a plurality of circular waveguides with different diameters and different lengths to obtain a coaxial nested feed source, as shown in fig. 3, a region A is a central circular waveguide and works in a high-frequency band, namely a Ka frequency band, a region B is a coaxial waveguide and is a low-frequency band, namely a working region of a Ku frequency band, and a region C is used for improving the directional diagram performance and the standing wave performance of the region B; when the antenna feed subsystem is actually used, two feed sources irradiate an offset paraboloid at the same time, are arranged on a load and rotate along with a servo, the feed sources in the low frequency range irradiate the paraboloid to form an irradiation beam of 30 degrees, namely an inner ring beam, and the feed sources in the high frequency range irradiate the paraboloid to form an irradiation beam of 40 degrees, namely an outer ring beam.
The microwave transceiving channel is mainly used for up/down conversion and radar transmitting/receiving signal amplification, the intermediate frequency signal is up-converted to a Ku/Ka frequency band in a transmitting mode and is supplied to an antenna network, the Ku/Ka frequency band and an echo signal are down-converted to an intermediate frequency by a power division network in a receiving mode, and then the intermediate frequency signal is converted to a digital signal by an AD converter of a signal processor for processing; the microwave transceiving channel mainly comprises nine parts, namely a microwave Ku transceiving channel (channel 1), a Ku transceiving channel (channel 2), a Ku transceiving driver (channel 1), a Ku transceiving driver (channel 2), a Ka transceiving channel (channel 1), a Ka transceiving channel (channel 2), a Ka transceiving driver (channel 1), a Ka transceiving driver (channel 2) and a reference source, and the structural block diagram of the microwave transceiving channel is shown in figure 4.
The radio frequency front end driving amplifier consists of a Ku frequency band radio frequency front end driving amplifier and a Ka frequency band radio frequency front end driving amplifier, and the composition block diagram is shown in figure 5; after the transmitting signal enters a power amplifier, the transmitting signal is synthesized by a 2-stage driving amplifier and 4 paths of final-stage power modules, and then the transmitting signal with the Ku frequency band is output and transmitted after passing through a circulator; the receiving outputs the echo signal after amplitude limiting and low-noise amplification, and the amplitude limiter is used for protecting a post-stage circuit and ensuring that a product is not damaged in a misoperation state.
The signal processor mainly comprises a signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, an interface card and the like; the signal acquisition unit is used for radar signal generation, signal acquisition, radar time sequence generation and the like, 4-path intermediate frequency sampling is realized, 2-path DA signals are generated, acquired echo data are sent to the signal processing unit through the high-speed interface for signal processing, high-speed and low-speed data transmission is realized through the high-speed connector inside, and inter-board communication is completed; the signal processing unit is used for radar flow control, echo signal processing, remote sensing data transmission, beam control and other functions, receiving information such as preprocessed data transmitted by the signal acquisition unit and parameters and instructions of the signal processing unit, processing the data, and outputting a processing result and a processing state to the interface card; the interface card mainly realizes the output of external remote sensing and remote sensing serial data, and realizes the instruction control and state return in the system through the bus interface.
The servo mechanism mainly comprises a power module, a control module, a driving module and a fault monitoring module. The power supply module provides a special power supply for other modules. The control module is a three-closed loop system with a speed loop, a current loop and a position loop: the speed ring is used for stabilizing the scanning speed and realizing the accurate control of the scanning speed; the current loop is used for protecting the servo motor driver and the actuating motor; the position loop measures the current angle of the antenna azimuth/pitching, converts the current angle into a digital signal, and sends the digital signal to the driving module through the main control unit to complete position closed loop, so that the position is accurately controlled.
The driving module receives control commands input by the control module, including an antenna rotating speed steering command, a positioning position command, a control mode selection command and the like, receives state information of the antenna, such as the current rotating speed, the steering and the like, sent by a rotary encoder (code disc) attached to the motor, and finally generates driving signals for driving the antenna to rotate through internal operation processing and sends the driving signals to an azimuth motor and a pitching motor for driving the antenna to scan; the fault monitoring module comprises monitoring of various power supplies in the system, monitoring of the azimuth/elevation execution motor and monitoring of the azimuth/elevation motor driver. And each fault monitoring signal is reported to the monitoring system through the control unit. The servo mechanism composition and connection relationship are shown in fig. 6.
The whole machine structure is divided into an in-cabin part and an out-cabin part, and the out-cabin part is connected through a servo scanning mechanism: one end of the servo scanning mechanism is arranged in the belly of the airplane, and the other end of the servo scanning mechanism extends out of the belly and is connected with the whole machine bracket; the reflecting surface, the outdoor single-machine signal acquisition unit, the microwave transceiving channel and the radio frequency front-end drive amplifier are all arranged on the whole machine bracket; the cabin part is provided with two single machines of a servo control unit and a signal processing unit, is arranged on an adapter plate in the cabin and is interconnected with the cabin outer part by adopting a switching socket plate cable; according to different platforms and data processing requirements, data processing subsystems can be divided into systems installed in a cabin or on the ground.
The data processing subsystem comprises a portable data processing terminal and control and inversion software; the portable data processing terminal is a special terminal for real-time processing or post-processing and has the function of receiving telemetering data. The unmanned aerial vehicle platform can be installed in the cabin, can be installed on the ground and is accessed to a higher-level ground data application system; the control and inversion includes display control software and data processing software. The main functions of the display control software are radar system control and signal real-time display. The main function of the data processing software is to reprocess, invert and analyze the data to obtain an applicable detection product; data inversion and analysis techniques employed by data processing software include: data quality control and preprocessing, sea surface wind field inversion, cloud stroke inversion and three-dimensional cloud precipitation inversion.
The data quality control and pretreatment adopt the technologies of Doppler information extraction, non-meteorological clutter rejection, airborne radar radial velocity deblurring, deblurring-back radial velocity extraction, reflectivity factor deviation correction, cloud precipitation attenuation correction, rapid coordinate conversion, gridding and the like.
The sea surface wind field inversion is an indirect relationship to the measurement of the sea surface wind vector. When wind transfers momentum from the atmosphere to the sea surface, the sea surface becomes rough, the change of the wind vector causes the change of the roughness of the sea surface, and the change of the roughness of the sea surface changes the radar scattering cross section (backscattering coefficient) of the sea surface, thereby changing the backscattering energy intensity. The method comprises the steps that a radar transmits microwave pulses with certain wavelength or frequency to the sea surface, backscattering energy of the microwave pulses is measured, echo energy is converted into a normalized backscattering coefficient sigma 0 only related to sea surface properties according to a radar equation, and then inversion of sea surface wind vectors is achieved by using a certain model function and a corresponding algorithm.
Cloud stroke inversion comprises VAD analysis technology, double Doppler radar analysis technology and three-dimensional wind field inversion technology; on a vertical plane below the flight path, a forward-looking beam and a backward-looking beam formed by radar scanning have a plurality of intersection points, and Doppler velocities observed at the points can obtain a vertical wind profile along a flight path through VAD analysis technology; the double Doppler radar analysis technology can expand the Doppler velocity measurement range; the double Doppler radar analysis technology can expand the Doppler velocity measurement range; the three-dimensional wind field inversion technology can obtain a three-dimensional gridded wind speed mean value according to multi-view Doppler velocity inversion.
As shown in fig. 7, the dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement radar according to the embodiment of the present invention. The system comprises a servo controller 1, a signal processor and a servo rotating mechanism 2, wherein the servo controller 1 is arranged in an airplane cabin, the servo rotating mechanism 2 is arranged in the airplane cabin in a penetrating manner, and an antenna feeder antenna 3, a microwave receiving and transmitting channel module 4 and a radio frequency preamplifier 5 which are matched with the antenna feeder antenna 3 are arranged on the servo rotating mechanism 2 positioned outside the airplane cabin; the signal processor comprises a signal collector 6 and a signal processing unit 7, wherein the signal collector 6 is arranged on the servo rotating mechanism 2 positioned outside the aircraft cabin; the signal processing unit 7 is disposed in the aircraft cabin; the servo controller 1 is in control connection with the servo rotating mechanism 2, the antenna feeder antenna 3 is in communication connection with the radio frequency preamplifier 5, the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module 4 and the signal collector 6, and the signal processing unit 7 is in communication connection with the antenna feeder antenna 3 and an external data processing subsystem.
In summary, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the weather target is monitored by utilizing backscattering, doppler effect and dual-polarization characteristics of the cloud and precipitation particles to the electromagnetic waves, and the vertical wind profile along the route is obtained by a microwave scanning inversion technology. And continuous and maneuvering remote sensing observation on key areas, important phenomena and processes of natural disasters is realized. The cloud rain high-precision detection is realized, and the formation and evolution processes of rainfall are better known; the weather principle and the operation time selection and effect inspection are influenced manually; the emergency dangerous weather monitoring device can be widely applied to the fields of emergency management, transportation, military security, meteorological security, marine management and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
an antenna feeder antenna is configured in advance, and the antenna feeder antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources;
performing radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the rain of the region to be detected through the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence-angle conical radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the sea in the region to be detected through two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset paraboloid to obtain cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information;
and performing three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
2. The dual-frequency weather cloud measurement method of claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid is a partial paraboloid transmitting antenna, the feed source phase center of the single offset paraboloid is the focus of the original right paraboloid, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is towards the center of the offset transmitting surface.
3. The dual-frequency weather cloud measurement method of claim 1, wherein the Ku/Ka dual-band feed is a Ku/Ka dual-frequency coaxial common feed antenna.
4. The dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method according to claim 1, wherein an irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating a reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the low-frequency-band Ku/Ka dual-frequency-band feed source is 30 degrees; the irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source of the high frequency band is 40 degrees.
5. A dual-frequency weather cloud measurement system, comprising:
the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the servo rotating mechanism is used for transmitting radiation microwaves, forming inner and outer ring scanning beams for the area to be detected under the rotation of the servo rotating mechanism, and receiving the radiation microwaves backscattered by the target;
the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module is used for down-converting the received radio frequency signal into an intermediate frequency signal, transmitting the intermediate frequency signal to the rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, transmitting the radio frequency signal to the radio frequency front-end driving amplifier and providing a clock;
the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for carrying out amplification processing and isolation processing on a radio frequency signal, wherein the amplification processing comprises multi-stage efficacy amplification processing, signal amplitude limiting amplification processing and signal low noise amplification processing;
the servo rotating mechanism is used for driving the antenna feeder antenna to rotationally scan the area to be detected under the control of the servo controller;
the signal processor is used for acquiring target backscattered radiation microwaves received by the antenna feeder antenna to obtain cloud and rain data information of radiation microwave scanning of the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source on cloud and rain in a region to be detected, and cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information of large-incidence-angle conical radiation microwave scanning of the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset paraboloid on cloud and sea in the region to be detected;
and the data processing subsystem is used for performing three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
6. The dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement system according to claim 5, wherein the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid is a partial paraboloid transmitting antenna, the phase center of the feed source of the single offset paraboloid is the focus of the original upright paraboloid, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is towards the center of the offset transmitting surface.
7. The dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement system according to claim 5, wherein the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source is a Ku/Ka dual-frequency coaxial common feed source antenna.
8. The dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement system according to claim 5, wherein an illumination beam angle formed by illuminating a reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid with the low-frequency-band Ku/Ka dual-frequency-band feed source is 30 degrees; the irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source of the high frequency band is 40 degrees.
9. The dual-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement radar is characterized by comprising a servo controller, a signal processor and a servo rotating mechanism, wherein the servo controller is arranged in an aircraft cabin, the servo rotating mechanism is arranged in the aircraft cabin in a penetrating manner, and an antenna feeder antenna, a microwave receiving and transmitting channel module and a radio frequency preamplifier which are matched with the antenna feeder antenna are arranged on the servo rotating mechanism positioned outside the aircraft cabin; the signal processor comprises a signal collector and a signal processing unit, and the signal collector is arranged on a servo rotating mechanism positioned outside the airplane cabin; the signal processing unit is arranged in the aircraft cabin; the servo controller is in control connection with the servo rotating mechanism, the antenna feeder antenna is in communication connection with the radio frequency preamplifier, the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module and the signal collector, and the signal processing unit is in communication connection with the antenna feeder antenna and an external data processing subsystem.
10. The dual-band wind and rain cloud measurement radar of claim 9, wherein the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feeds; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources.
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