CN115825962B - Dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement method, system and radar - Google Patents
Dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement method, system and radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement method, a system and a radar, wherein the method comprises the following steps: pre-configuring an antenna feeder antenna, wherein the antenna feeder antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; carrying out radiation microwave scanning through a Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence angle conical radiation microwave scanning through two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and a single offset paraboloid to obtain cloud stroke data information and sea surface wind data information; and according to cloud and rain data information, cloud stroke data information and sea surface wind data information, adopting a pre-configured inversion model to perform three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud stroke vector inversion. The cloud and rain simultaneous detection capability is realized through Ku and Ka dual-band compounding; wind in the cloud and sea surface wind detection are achieved through large-incidence angle cone scanning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and test, in particular to a double-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement method, a system and a radar.
Background
The method is one of the most serious countries in the world, and has the advantages of various weather disasters, wide distribution areas, high occurrence frequency and serious influence on the life and property safety of people. The main disastrous weather includes typhoons, heavy rain, drought, sudden weather, etc.
The airborne weather radar can meet the fine detection requirements of targets such as short-distance cloud and rain, provides powerful new means for revealing the micro-physical characteristics of cloud and rain, quantitatively inverts physical parameters such as a cloud and rain structure, a cloud and rain phase state, an atmospheric wind profile, sea surface wind and the like, improves the knowledge capacity of forming and developing disastrous weather, realizes the monitoring and early warning of a small and medium-scale weather rapid change process, and makes up the defects that the space-time density of data is insufficient and the requirements of fine structure and fine forecast are not met when the weather rapid change process is detected. The radar detection technology of the brand new system and the application thereof in monitoring and early warning in meteorological disasters are explored, and important technical reserves are provided for further improving the capability of monitoring and early warning the disastrous weather in China.
At present, a great amount of manpower and material resources are successively input at home and abroad to develop the airborne weather detection equipment and system. The united states is the earliest and most active country in which aircraft atmospheric sounding activities are systematically conducted worldwide. NASA (national aviation and aerospace agency), NOAA (national marine atmospheric agency), ONF (naval institute), NCAR (national atmospheric research center), uwyo (University of Wyoming), umass (University of MAssachusetts), proSensing and other organizations perform airborne atmosphere detection activities, and provide sponsored NSF (national science foundation), DOE (U.S. department of energy) and the like.
Early detection aircraft are limited by aircraft performance and detection technology, and most of early detection aircraft are only provided with millimeter wave cloud radar, cloud micro physical detection systems, radiation measuring instruments and gas sampling equipment, so that airborne detection energy is not fully exerted. As technology advances, new detection devices are being continuously added to the aircraft, especially on-board Yun Lei and rain radar are added to form a detection from cloud generation to precipitation, and key data is provided for forecasting. In the meteorological detection field of China, the active remote sensing meteorological detection means on an air base is basically blank.
For the problems in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a double-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement method, a double-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement system and a radar, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
according to one aspect of the invention, a dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement method is provided.
The double-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method comprises the following steps:
pre-configuring an antenna feed antenna, wherein the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources;
carrying out radiation microwave scanning on cloud and rain in a region to be detected through the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence angle conical radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and sea of the area to be detected by using two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset parabolic surface to obtain cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information;
and according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information, adopting a pre-configured inversion model to perform three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion.
The single offset parabolic reflecting surface is a partial parabolic transmitting antenna, the feed source phase center of the single offset parabolic reflecting surface is the focus of the original normal parabolic reflecting surface, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is directed to the center of the offset transmitting surface.
The Ku/Ka dual-band feed source is a Ku/Ka dual-band coaxial common feed source antenna.
The irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source in the low frequency band is 30 degrees; the irradiation beam angle formed by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source irradiation single offset parabolic reflecting surface in the high frequency band is 40 degrees.
According to another aspect of the invention, a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement system is provided.
This dual-frenquency wind rain cloud measurement system includes:
the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the device is used for emitting radiation microwaves, forming inner and outer circle scanning beams in a region to be detected under the rotation of the servo rotating mechanism, and receiving the radiation microwaves backscattered by the target;
the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module is used for down-converting the received radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal and delivering the intermediate frequency signal to the rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signal to the radio frequency signal and delivering the radio frequency signal to the radio frequency front-end driving amplifier, and simultaneously providing a clock;
the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for amplifying and isolating radio frequency signals, and the amplifying comprises multistage effect amplifying, signal limiting amplifying and signal low noise amplifying;
the servo rotating mechanism is used for driving the antenna feeder antenna to rotationally scan the region to be detected under the control of the servo controller;
the signal processor is used for collecting the target backward scattered radiation microwaves received by the antenna feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information of the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source for carrying out radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the rain of the area to be detected, and cloud stroke data information and sea surface wind data information of the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the cloud and the sea of the area to be detected, which are subjected to large-incidence angle cone radiation microwave scanning by the single offset paraboloid;
and the data processing subsystem is used for carrying out three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
The single offset parabolic reflecting surface is a partial parabolic transmitting antenna, the feed source phase center of the single offset parabolic reflecting surface is the focus of the original normal parabolic reflecting surface, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is directed to the center of the offset transmitting surface.
The Ku/Ka dual-band feed source is a Ku/Ka dual-band coaxial common feed source antenna.
The irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source in the low frequency band is 30 degrees; the irradiation beam angle formed by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source irradiation single offset parabolic reflecting surface in the high frequency band is 40 degrees.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement radar is provided.
The double-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement radar comprises a servo controller, a signal processor and a servo rotating mechanism, wherein the servo controller is arranged in an aircraft cabin, the servo rotating mechanism is arranged in the aircraft cabin in a penetrating way, and an antenna, a microwave receiving and transmitting channel module matched with the antenna and a radio frequency front-going amplifier are arranged on the servo rotating mechanism outside the aircraft cabin; the signal processor comprises a signal collector and a signal processing unit, wherein the signal collector is arranged on a servo rotating mechanism positioned outside the aircraft cabin; the signal processing unit is arranged in the aircraft cabin; the servo controller is in control connection with the servo rotating mechanism, the antenna feeder antenna is in communication connection with the radio frequency preamplifier, the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module and the signal collector, and the signal processing unit is in communication connection with the antenna feeder antenna and an external data processing subsystem.
The antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources.
Advantageous effects
The invention integrates the functions of three and four loads in the conventional modes of cloud stroke, sea surface wind, cloud, rain and the like into one load: the cloud and rain simultaneous detection capability is realized through Ku and Ka dual-band compounding; wind in the cloud and sea surface wind detection are realized through large-incidence angle cone scanning; the problem that one set of antenna multiplexes two frequency bands is solved by adopting the dual-frequency-band coaxial feed source, the volume and the weight of the system load are greatly reduced, the complexity of interface design is reduced, and the antenna is particularly suitable for high-altitude flight platforms.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dual frequency coaxial feed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a microwave transceiver channel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a RF front-end driver amplifier according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of servo mechanism composition and connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a servo controller; 2. a servo rotation mechanism; 3. an antenna feed antenna; 4. a microwave receiving and transmitting channel module; 5. a radio frequency pre-preamplifier; 6. a signal collector; 7. and a signal processing unit.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement method, a system and a radar are provided.
As shown in fig. 1, a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, pre-configuring an antenna feed antenna, wherein the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources;
step S103, carrying out radiation microwave scanning on cloud and rain in a region to be detected through the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence angle conical radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and sea of the area to be detected by using two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset parabolic surface to obtain cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information;
step S105, according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information, a pre-configured inversion model is adopted to perform three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion.
The single offset parabolic reflecting surface is a partial parabolic transmitting antenna, the feed source phase center of the single offset parabolic reflecting surface is the focus of the original normal parabolic reflecting surface, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is directed to the center of the offset transmitting surface.
As shown in fig. 2, a dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the device is used for emitting radiation microwaves, forming inner and outer circle scanning beams in a region to be detected under the rotation of the servo rotating mechanism, and receiving the radiation microwaves backscattered by the target;
the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module is used for down-converting the received radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal and delivering the intermediate frequency signal to the rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signal to the radio frequency signal and delivering the radio frequency signal to the radio frequency front-end driving amplifier, and simultaneously providing a clock;
the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for amplifying and isolating radio frequency signals, and the amplifying comprises multistage effect amplifying, signal limiting amplifying and signal low noise amplifying;
the servo rotating mechanism is used for driving the antenna feeder antenna to rotationally scan the region to be detected under the control of the servo controller;
the signal processor is used for collecting the target backward scattered radiation microwaves received by the antenna feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information of the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source for carrying out radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the rain of the area to be detected, and cloud stroke data information and sea surface wind data information of the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the cloud and the sea of the area to be detected, which are subjected to large-incidence angle cone radiation microwave scanning by the single offset paraboloid;
and the data processing subsystem is used for carrying out three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
When the antenna is particularly applied, the antenna is used for radiating microwave energy and receiving the backward scattered microwave power of a target, and inner and outer scanning beams are formed under the servo action; the microwave receiving and transmitting channel is used for down-converting the received radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal and delivering the intermediate frequency signal to the rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signal to the radio frequency signal and delivering the radio frequency signal to the radio frequency front-end driving amplifier, and simultaneously providing clocks for the parts such as a system control subsystem, a data processing subsystem and the like; the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for multistage power amplification and transmission of radio frequency signals, amplitude limiting and low noise amplification of received signals and isolation of receiving and transmitting signals; the signal processor is used for transmitting waveform generation, data acquisition, radar signal processing, system control, external interfaces and the like; the servo mechanism completes various scanning rotation movements under the control of software and returns the real-time angle confidence; the whole machine structure provides mounting support, mechanical limit and the like for each single machine; the data processing subsystem is used for data quality control and preprocessing, sea surface wind field inversion, cloud stroke inversion and three-dimensional cloud precipitation inversion.
The antenna feed subsystem consists of a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset reflecting surface is used for cutting off a reflecting surface serving as an antenna on the parabolic reflecting antenna, the phase center of the feed source is still positioned at the focus of the original normal parabolic reflecting surface, but the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is required to point to the center of the offset reflecting surface, so that the plane of the feed source has an upward elevation angle, and the feed source can be moved out of the opening surface of the parabolic reflecting antenna, thereby avoiding shielding of the feed source and a support, and improving the receiving efficiency of the antenna; the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source works on two frequency bands of Ku and Ka, solves the problem that one set of antenna multiplexes the two frequency bands by adopting a dual-frequency coaxial shared feed source technology, has advantages in the aspects of structure, design and debugging, electrical performance and the like, is miniaturized as much as possible, and is more suitable for being used on board; the dual-frequency coaxial shared feed source is formed by coaxially nesting a plurality of circular waveguides with different diameters and different lengths, and as shown in fig. 3, a region A is a central circular waveguide and works in a high frequency band, namely a Ka frequency band, a region B is a coaxial waveguide and is a low frequency band, namely a working region of a Ku frequency band, and a region C is used for improving the pattern performance and standing wave performance of the region B; when the antenna feed subsystem is actually used, the two feed sources irradiate offset paraboloids simultaneously and are placed on a load to rotate along with servo, and as the aircraft moves forwards, the feed sources in the low frequency band irradiate the paraboloids to form irradiation beams of 30 degrees, namely inner circle beams, and the feed sources in the high frequency band irradiate the paraboloids to form irradiation beams of 40 degrees, namely outer circle beams.
The microwave receiving and transmitting channel is mainly used for up/down conversion and amplification of radar transmitting/receiving signals, and is used for up-converting intermediate frequency signals to a Ku/Ka frequency band in a transmitting mode, supplying the signals to an antenna network, down-converting echo signals to intermediate frequency by a power dividing network in a receiving mode, and converting the echo signals to digital signals by an AD converter of a signal processor for processing; the microwave transceiving channels mainly comprise a microwave Ku transceiving channel (channel 1), a Ku transceiving channel (channel 2), a Ku transceiving drive (channel 1), a Ku transceiving drive (channel 2), a Ka transceiving channel (channel 1), a Ka transceiving channel (channel 2), a Ka transceiving drive (channel 1), a Ka transceiving drive (channel 2) and a reference source, and the structure block diagram of the microwave transceiving channel is shown in figure 4.
The radio frequency front end driving amplifier consists of a Ku frequency band radio frequency front end driving amplifier and a Ka frequency band radio frequency front end driving amplifier, and the composition block diagram is shown in fig. 5; after the transmitting signal enters the power amplifier, the Ku frequency band transmitting signal is output after synthesis through 2-stage driving amplification and 4-path final power modules, and the transmitting signal is transmitted after passing through the circulator; and the low-noise amplified output of the echo signals after amplitude limiting is received, and the amplitude limiter is used for protecting a later-stage circuit and ensuring that products are not damaged in a misoperation state.
The signal processor mainly comprises a signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, an interface card and the like; the signal acquisition unit is used for radar signal generation, signal acquisition, radar time sequence generation and the like, 4 paths of intermediate frequency sampling and 2 paths of DA signal generation are realized, acquired echo data are sent to the signal processing unit through the high-speed interface for signal processing, high-speed and low-speed data transmission is realized through the high-speed connector, and inter-board communication is completed; the signal processing unit is used for radar flow control, echo signal processing, remote sensing data transmission, beam control and other functions, receiving the preprocessed data transmitted by the signal acquisition unit and the information such as parameters, instructions and the like of the signal processing unit, performing data processing, and outputting a processing result and a state to the interface card after processing; the interface card mainly realizes the output of external remote sensing and remote sensing serial data, and realizes the instruction control and state return in the system through a bus interface.
The servo mechanism mainly comprises a power supply module, a control module, a driving module and a fault monitoring module. The power module provides special power for other modules. The control module is a three-closed loop system with a speed loop, a current loop and a position loop: the speed ring is used for stabilizing the scanning speed and realizing the accurate control of the scanning speed; the current loop is used for protecting the servo motor driver and the executing motor; the position ring measures the current angle of the azimuth/pitching of the antenna, converts the current angle into a digital signal, and sends the digital signal to the driving module through the main control unit to complete position closed loop, so that accurate control of the position is realized.
The driving module receives control commands input by the control module, including an antenna rotating speed steering command, a positioning position command, a control mode selection command and the like, receives state information of the current rotating speed, steering and the like of the antenna sent by a rotary encoder (a code disc) attached to the motor, and finally generates driving signals for driving the antenna to rotate through internal operation processing and sends the driving signals to the azimuth motor and the pitching motor for driving the antenna to scan; the fault monitoring module comprises monitoring of various power supplies in the system, monitoring of azimuth/elevation executing motors and monitoring of azimuth/elevation motor drivers. And each fault monitoring signal is reported to the monitoring system through the control unit. The servo mechanism composition and the connection relation are shown in figure 6.
The whole structure is divided into an inner cabin part and an outer cabin part, and the outer cabin part is connected through a servo scanning mechanism: one end of the servo scanning mechanism is arranged in the aircraft belly, and the other end extends out of the aircraft belly and is connected with the whole machine bracket; the reflecting surface, the off-cabin single machine signal acquisition unit, the microwave receiving and transmitting channel and the radio frequency front end driving amplifier are all arranged on the whole machine bracket; the cabin interior part is provided with two single units, namely a servo control unit and a signal processing unit, which are arranged on the cabin interior adapter plate and are connected with the cabin exterior part by adopting an adapter socket plate cable; the data processing subsystem may be categorized as being installed in a cabin or on the ground, depending on the platform and data processing requirements.
The data processing subsystem comprises a portable data processing terminal and control and inversion software; the portable data processing terminal is a special terminal for real-time processing or post-processing, and has the function of receiving telemetry data. For the unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the unmanned aerial vehicle platform can be installed in a cabin, and for the unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the unmanned aerial vehicle platform can be installed on the ground and is connected with a higher-level ground data application system; the control and inversion includes display control software and data processing software. The main function of the display control software is to control the radar system and display signals in real time. The main functions of the data processing software are to reprocess, invert and analyze the data to obtain an applicable detection product; the data inversion and analysis techniques employed by the data processing software include: data quality control and pretreatment, sea surface wind field inversion, cloud stroke inversion and three-dimensional cloud precipitation inversion.
The data quality control and preprocessing adopts the technologies of Doppler information extraction, non-meteorological clutter removal, airborne radar radial speed deblurring, radial speed extraction after deblurring, reflectivity factor deviation correction, cloud precipitation attenuation correction, rapid coordinate conversion, meshing and the like.
Sea surface wind field inversion is an indirect relationship to the measurement of sea surface wind vectors. When wind transfers momentum from the atmosphere to the sea surface, the sea surface is roughened, the change of wind vector causes the change of the sea surface roughness, and the change of the sea surface roughness changes the radar scattering cross section area (backscattering coefficient) of the sea surface, so that the backscattering energy intensity is changed. The radar emits microwave pulses with certain wavelength or frequency to the sea surface, back scattering energy is measured, the back scattering energy is converted into normalized back scattering coefficient sigma 0 only related to sea surface properties according to a radar equation, and then inversion of sea surface wind vectors is realized by utilizing a certain model function and a corresponding algorithm.
Cloud stroke inversion includes VAD analysis techniques, dual Doppler radar analysis techniques, and three-dimensional wind field inversion techniques; on a vertical plane below the flight path, a plurality of intersections are formed between forward-looking and backward-looking beams formed by radar scanning, and the Doppler velocity observed at the intersections can obtain a vertical wind profile along the air route through the VAD analysis technology; the dual-Doppler radar analysis technology can expand the Doppler speed measurement range; the dual-Doppler radar analysis technology can expand the Doppler speed measurement range; the three-dimensional wind field inversion technology can obtain a three-dimensional gridded wind speed average value according to multi-view Doppler speed inversion.
As shown in fig. 7, the dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement radar according to the embodiment of the present invention. The device comprises a servo controller 1, a signal processor and a servo rotating mechanism 2, wherein the servo controller 1 is arranged in an aircraft cabin, the servo rotating mechanism 2 is arranged in the aircraft cabin in a penetrating way, and an antenna feeder antenna 3, a microwave receiving and transmitting channel module 4 matched with the antenna feeder antenna 3 and a radio frequency preamplifier 5 are arranged on the servo rotating mechanism 2 positioned outside the aircraft cabin; the signal processor comprises a signal collector 6 and a signal processing unit 7, wherein the signal collector 6 is arranged on the servo rotating mechanism 2 positioned outside the aircraft cabin; the signal processing unit 7 is arranged in the aircraft cabin; the servo controller 1 is in control connection with the servo rotating mechanism 2, the antenna feeder antenna 3 is in communication connection with the radio frequency preamplifier 5, the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module 4 and the signal collector 6, and the signal processing unit 7 is in communication connection with the antenna feeder antenna 3 and an external data processing subsystem.
In summary, by means of the technical scheme, the weather target is monitored by utilizing the backscattering, doppler effect and dual polarization characteristics of the cloud and precipitation particles to the electromagnetic wave, and the vertical wind profile along the route is obtained by the microwave scanning inversion technology. And further realizing continuous and mobile remote sensing observation on important areas, important phenomena and processes of natural disasters. The cloud and rain high-precision detection is realized, and the formation and evolution process of precipitation is better known; realizing the weather principle of artificial influence, the operation opportunity selection and the effect inspection; the emergency dangerous weather monitoring device can be widely applied to the fields of emergency management, transportation, military security, weather security, ocean management and the like.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The double-frequency wind and rain cloud measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
pre-configuring an antenna feed antenna, wherein the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources;
carrying out radiation microwave scanning on cloud and rain in a region to be detected through the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information; carrying out large-incidence angle conical radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and sea of the area to be detected by using two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the single offset parabolic surface to obtain cloud wind data information and sea surface wind data information;
and according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information, adopting a pre-configured inversion model to perform three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid is a partial paraboloid transmitting antenna, and the feed source phase center of the single offset paraboloid is the focus of the original normal paraboloid, and the maximum receiving direction of the feed source is directed to the center of the offset transmitting surface.
3. The dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source is a Ku/Ka dual-frequency coaxial shared feed source antenna.
4. The dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement method according to claim 1, wherein an irradiation beam angle formed by irradiating a reflecting surface of a single offset paraboloid with a Ku/Ka dual-band feed source in a low frequency band is 30 degrees; the irradiation beam angle formed by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source irradiation single offset parabolic reflecting surface in the high frequency band is 40 degrees.
5. A dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement system, comprising:
the antenna feed antenna comprises a single offset paraboloid and two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the single offset paraboloid is arranged opposite to the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources; the device is used for emitting radiation microwaves, forming inner and outer circle scanning beams in a region to be detected under the rotation of the servo rotating mechanism, and receiving the radiation microwaves backscattered by the target;
the microwave receiving and transmitting channel module is used for down-converting the received radio frequency signal to an intermediate frequency signal and delivering the intermediate frequency signal to the rear-end signal processor, up-converting the intermediate frequency signal to the radio frequency signal and delivering the radio frequency signal to the radio frequency front-end driving amplifier, and simultaneously providing a clock;
the radio frequency front end driving amplifier is used for amplifying and isolating radio frequency signals, and the amplifying comprises multistage effect amplifying, signal limiting amplifying and signal low noise amplifying;
the servo rotating mechanism is used for driving the antenna feeder antenna to rotationally scan the region to be detected under the control of the servo controller;
the signal processor is used for collecting the target backward scattered radiation microwaves received by the antenna feed source to obtain cloud and rain data information of the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source for carrying out radiation microwave scanning on the cloud and the rain of the area to be detected, and cloud stroke data information and sea surface wind data information of the two Ku/Ka dual-band feed sources and the cloud and the sea of the area to be detected, which are subjected to large-incidence angle cone radiation microwave scanning by the single offset paraboloid;
and the data processing subsystem is used for carrying out three-dimensional precipitation inversion, sea surface wind vector inversion and cloud wind vector inversion by adopting a pre-configured inversion model according to the cloud and rain data information, the cloud wind data information and the sea surface wind data information.
6. The dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement system of claim 5, wherein the reflecting surface of the single offset paraboloid is a partial paraboloid transmitting antenna, and the feed source phase center of the single offset paraboloid is the focus of the original normal paraboloid, and the maximum reception of the feed source is directed to the center of the offset transmitting surface.
7. The dual-frequency wind-rain cloud measurement system of claim 5, wherein the Ku/Ka dual-band feed is a Ku/Ka dual-frequency coaxial shared feed antenna.
8. The dual-frequency wind, rain and cloud measurement system of claim 5, wherein an irradiation beam angle formed by the reflection surface of the single offset paraboloid irradiated by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source in the low frequency band is 30 °; the irradiation beam angle formed by the Ku/Ka dual-band feed source irradiation single offset parabolic reflecting surface in the high frequency band is 40 degrees.
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