CN111190184A

CN111190184A - Pitching multi-beam weather radar and detection method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111190184A
Application number: CN202010110984.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李忱; 张越
Original assignee: Nanjing Xinda Meteorological Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Xinda Meteorological Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-24
Filing date: 2020-02-24
Publication date: 2020-05-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-24
Also published as: CN111190184B

Abstract

The invention discloses a pitching multi-beam weather radar which comprises a base, a deflection feed antenna reflecting surface, a plurality of feed source horns, a rotating base, a rotating mechanism, a first servo driver, a transmitting and receiving module, a data processor, a communication module, a power supply module and a power supply; the feed source loudspeakers are respectively connected with the transmitting and receiving module through a plurality of sets of parallel feeder systems, and a plurality of beams with non-overlapping pitch angle coverage ranges are generated at the same scanning moment; the data processor performs frequency conversion amplification on the frequency-modulated signals or the phase-coded signals, distributes the frequency-converted signals or the phase-coded signals to the plurality of feed source loudspeakers, radiates the frequency-converted signals to the surface of the detection target through the reflecting surface of the offset feed antenna, receives echo signals fed back by the plurality of feed source loudspeakers, and calculates echo information of the detection target by combining the received echo signals. The invention successfully solves the defect of high cost of the existing phased array weather radar, and simultaneously solves the problems of long observation time, complex structure, low reliability and the like of the traditional weather radar.

Description

Pitching multi-beam weather radar and detection method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pulse Doppler radar measurement, in particular to a pitching multi-beam weather radar and a detection method thereof.

Background

Since the birth of radar, people begin to use the radar to perform research on precipitation detection and measurement. The meteorological hydrologists have strong demands on accurate forecast of rainfall, and correct forecast wins preparation time for disaster prevention and reduction. The main advantage of using radar for precipitation estimation is that it allows large areas of measurement data to be acquired with a relatively high spatial and temporal resolution. Traditional weather radar adopts the mode of volume scanning to observe, and it takes more than 6 minutes to accomplish a scanning cycle, is difficult to acquire information such as intensity and speed of the medium and small scale system calamity weather that changes fast, intensity is big in the detection range fast, in addition because position and every single move angle all need the rotational scanning, and two sets of rotation driving system have also greatly reduced the reliability of radar, have increased radar power consumption.

The phased array weather radar has the rapid scanning capability, can complete three-dimensional stereo detection of an action range in one minute, obtains information such as strength and speed of small-scale weather strong disaster weather in a detection range, and realizes fine detection of the structure and evolution of the target. The existing phased array weather radar works in a mode of rotating in azimuth and phased in pitching to form multiple beams, has the defects of complex system and high price, has higher requirements on erection and installation, and is difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale deployment.

For example, the invention of patent No. cn201710858947.x, "mobile observation phased array weather radar", proposes a mobile observation phased array weather radar, which includes a fixed platform, a rotating platform, a phased array radar and a generator; the rotating platform is arranged at the top of the fixed platform, and the phased array radar is fixedly connected with the rotating platform through the electric support rod; the mobile observation phased array weather radar also comprises an attitude sensor, an azimuth sensor and a GPS module; the attitude sensor is arranged on the rotary platform and is used for detecting values of a pitch angle and a roll angle of the rotary platform; the azimuth sensor is arranged on the fixed platform and used for detecting the direction of the fixed platform. The use of the method is as follows: s1, starting the generator; s2, the phased array radar is supported by the electric support rod, and an elevation angle of 45 degrees is formed between the phased array radar and the plane of the rotary platform; s3, the phased array radar starts to detect, the radar antenna rotates to complete 360-degree azimuth scanning, and the 0-90-degree elevation angle is completed through electric scanning; and S4, sending out and storing the radar detection data and the state through the wireless network. In the patent of the invention, electric sweeping is adopted in pitching, the system is complex, and the price is high; in addition, although a device having a complicated structure is mounted on a moving vehicle, there is a problem that portability is poor and a use process is complicated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pitching multi-beam weather radar and a detection method thereof, which adopt a novel design of pitching multi-beam and azimuth mechanical rotation scanning, successfully solve the defect of high cost of the existing phased array weather radar by means of a pulse Doppler technology, and solve the problems of long observation time, complex structure, low reliability and the like of the traditional weather radar. The invention adopts the reflecting surface of the offset feed antenna, a plurality of feed sources are arranged to form pitching multi-beams, the pitching angle is adjustable, and observation at different pitching angles can be realized. The radar has the advantages of simple and light structure, strong portability, short time for completing full-airspace scanning, high reliability, low cost and convenient installation and use.

In order to achieve the above object, with reference to fig. 1, the present invention provides a pitching multi-beam weather radar, which includes a base, an offset feed antenna reflection plane, a plurality of feed horns, a rotating base, a rotating mechanism, a first servo driver, a transmitting and receiving module, a data processor, a communication module, a power module, and a power supply;

the power supply is respectively connected with the plurality of feed source loudspeakers, the rotary base, the first servo driver, the transmitting and receiving module, the data processor and the communication module through the power supply module to provide electric energy required by the work of the power supply;

the bias feed antenna reflecting surface, the feed horns, the first servo driver, the transmitting and receiving module, the data processor, the communication module and the power supply module are arranged above the base, and the power supply is arranged in the base;

the rotating base is fixed below the base and is connected with the data processor sequentially through the rotating mechanism and the first servo driver, and the first servo driver drives the rotating mechanism to rotate according to a control instruction sent by the data processor so as to adjust the rotating angle of the rotating base and realize real-time azimuth rotation scanning of the radar;

the feed source loudspeakers are respectively connected with the transmitting and receiving module through a plurality of sets of parallel feeder systems, and a plurality of beams with non-overlapping pitch angle coverage ranges are generated at the same scanning moment;

the data processor is connected with an upper computer through a communication module, working parameters are set according to a control instruction of the upper computer or according to built-in parameters, timing signals required by the whole computer and frequency modulation signals or phase coding signals required by a detection target are generated, the frequency modulation signals or the phase coding signals are subjected to frequency conversion amplification processing and then distributed to a plurality of feed source loudspeakers, the signals are radiated to the surface of the detection target through a reflection surface of the offset feed antenna, echo signals fed back by the feed source loudspeakers are received, detection target echo information is obtained through calculation by combining the received echo signals, and the detection target echo information is fed back to the upper computer through the communication module.

Based on the pitching multi-beam weather radar, the invention also provides a detection method of the pitching multi-beam weather radar, and the detection method comprises the following steps:

s1, inputting control parameters by adopting human-computer interaction or calling preset control parameters and sending the control parameters to the data processing module;

s2, sending the control parameters to a signal processing module, controlling the signal processing module to generate modulation sequence signals at regular time, and generating control instructions required by the radar work;

s3, driving the frequency source and the signal generator to generate an excitation signal, sending the excitation signal to the transmitter module, sending a control command to the first servo controller, controlling the radar to rotate in the azimuth direction, and determining the current working state;

s4, amplifying the excitation signal by using a transmitter module, transmitting the amplified excitation signal to a multi-channel feed source horn, and transmitting the electromagnetic wave to the cloud and rain target surface through a deflection feed antenna reflecting surface;

s5, receiving echo signals reflected by the cloud and rain target to the reflecting surface of the offset feed antenna, respectively sending the echo signals to a plurality of corresponding receiving channels through a plurality of paths of feed sources, generating intermediate frequency signals after amplification, filtering and down-conversion processing in the receiving channels, and sending the intermediate frequency signals to an analog-to-digital conversion unit to be sampled into digital signals;

s6, performing pulse compression, filtering and FFT calculation on the multi-channel digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain the spectrum distribution of the multi-channel echo signals;

s7, performing spectral moment analysis and sliding window filtering on the multi-path spectral distribution data respectively to obtain a zero-order moment, a first-order moment and a second-order moment of the echo signals;

s8, respectively calculating the echo intensity, the echo speed and the echo spectrum width by the zero-order moment, the first-order moment and the second-order moment of the multi-path signals to complete the calculation of meteorological basic data;

and S9, transmitting the meteorological basic data to an upper computer through the communication module.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:

(1) by adopting the novel design of pitching multi-beam and azimuth mechanical rotation scanning, the method successfully solves the defects of high cost of the existing phased array weather radar and solves the problems of long observation time, complex structure, low reliability and the like of the traditional weather radar by means of the pulse Doppler technology.

(2) The offset feed antenna reflecting surface is adopted, a plurality of feed sources are arranged to form pitching multi-beams, the pitching angle is adjustable, and observation at different pitching angles can be quickly realized.

(3) The radar has the advantages that the whole structure is simple and light, the portability is high, the pitch angle adjustment of the reflecting surface of the offset feed antenna can be provided, the radar can be rapidly stored and applied by means of the pitch angle adjustment device, the occupied space is reduced, and the movement and the transportation are convenient, and the safety of the feed source and the radar reflecting surface is protected.

(4) The radar has short complete airspace scanning time, high reliability, low cost and convenient installation and use, and is particularly suitable for quick parameter adjustment of special scenes.

(5) With the help of counter weight devices such as balancing weight, power supply to and reasonable structural design, also can ensure that the radar does not rock even under outdoor adverse conditions, realize high reliability's detection result.

(6) The disassembly and the assembly are convenient, and the maintenance is easy; the antenna housing is arranged, so that the radar safety is effectively protected.

(7) Feed source parameters such as the number and the position of the feed sources can be adjusted rapidly, and the feed source loudspeaker is favorable for maintaining the feed source loudspeaker and is suitable for detection requirements in special scenes.

(8) The connecting circuit can be accommodated in the pitching adjusting device, the supporting arm, the base and other structural parts, and the external circuit is not exposed, so that the maintenance of daily devices is facilitated, and the circuit safety is effectively ensured.

It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent. In addition, all combinations of claimed subject matter are considered a part of the presently disclosed subject matter.

The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.

Drawings

The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a pitching multi-beam weather radar of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a detailed structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a radar beam of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method of detection of a pitched multi-beam weather radar of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-offset antenna reflecting surface, 2-power module, 3-transmitting and receiving module, 4-data processor, 5-first servo driver, 6-rotating base, 7-balancing weight, 8-first feed source, 9-second feed source and 10-pitching adjusting device.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

With reference to fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a pitching multi-beam weather radar, which includes a base, an offset antenna reflecting surface 1, a plurality of feed horns (a first feed 8 and a second feed 9), a rotating base 6, a rotating mechanism, a first servo driver 5, a transmitting and receiving module 3, a data processor 4, a communication module, a power module 2, and a power supply.

The power supply is respectively connected with the feed source horns, the rotating base 6, the first servo driver 5, the transmitting and receiving module 3, the data processor 4 and the communication module through the power supply module 2, and the electric energy required by the work of the power supply is provided. The power supply provides various power supplies required by each module, a power-on control board is included, and the radar is subjected to power-on control according to the instructions of the task computer.

The offset feed antenna reflecting surface 1, the feed loudspeakers, the first servo driver 5, the transmitting and receiving module 3, the data processor 4, the communication module and the power module 2 are installed above the base, the power supply is installed in the base, on one hand, damage or abnormal work caused by wind and rain of the power supply can be avoided, on the other hand, the heavier power supply can be used as a counterweight device to stabilize the whole radar, and on the premise, the power supply can be preferably installed on a mass center vertical line of the whole pitching multi-beam weather radar to improve the counterweight effect as much as possible.

The rotary base 6 is fixed below the base and is connected with the data processor 4 sequentially through the rotary mechanism and the first servo driver 5, and the first servo driver 5 drives the rotary mechanism to rotate according to a control instruction sent by the data processor 4 so as to adjust the rotation angle of the rotary base 6 and realize real-time azimuth rotary scanning of the radar. Fig. 3 shows a structural manner of one of the rotating bases 6 and the rotating mechanism, where the rotating mechanism includes a motor, a driving wheel, a conveyor belt, and a driven wheel stacked above the rotating base 6 and fixed with the base together, the motor adjusts a rotation speed according to an instruction of the first servo driver 5 to drive the driving wheel to rotate, and then the conveyor belt drives the driven wheel and the base to rotate, so as to implement azimuth mechanical scanning of a radar beam. Preferably, the radar adopts a full-solid full-coherent pulse Doppler system, the azimuth can be mechanically scanned at 360 degrees, the maximum speed of 12 r/min is continuously scanned, the azimuth resolution is 1 degree, and 360 groups of radial data are provided for each circle. More preferably, the rotation speed of the antenna is adjustable, for example, the rotation speed is set to 0 °/s to 72 °/s (0 rpm to 12 rpm), and 360 ° continuous rotation scanning is performed. The first servo driver 5 comprises a servo control driver, an azimuth motor, an angle encoder and the like, and controls the azimuth mechanical rotation speed and the position of the reflection angle of the offset antenna according to the instruction.

The feed source loudspeakers are respectively connected with the transmitting and receiving module 3 through a plurality of sets of parallel feeder systems, and a plurality of beams with non-overlapping pitch angle coverage ranges are generated at the same scanning moment.

The data processor 4 is connected with an upper computer through a communication module, working parameters are set according to a control instruction of the upper computer or according to built-in parameters, timing signals required by the whole computer and frequency modulation signals or phase coding signals required by a detection target are generated, the frequency modulation signals or the phase coding signals are distributed to a plurality of feed loudspeakers after being subjected to frequency conversion amplification processing, then the signals are radiated to the surface of the detection target through the reflection surface 1 of the offset feed antenna, echo signals fed back by the feed loudspeakers are received, detection target echo information is obtained through calculation by combining the received echo signals, and the detection target echo information is fed back to the upper computer through the communication module.

As a preferred example, the transmitting and receiving module 3 includes a transmitter module and a receiver module which are integrally formed.

The transmitter module comprises a solid-state transmitter, and the receiver module comprises a signal generator, a frequency source and a receiving front end which are connected in sequence. For example, the transmitter module is an all-solid-state transmitter, the output power is distributed to a plurality of feed source horns through a power divider, and the receiver module is a multipath receiver and is responsible for generating all-machine timing of the radar, sending an excitation signal to the transmitter module, and down-converting a received echo signal to a baseband.

The input end of the solid-state transmitter is connected with one output end of the signal generator, the output end of the solid-state transmitter is connected to the feed source horns through the plurality of circulators in a one-to-one correspondence mode to form a radar signal sending channel, and the feed sources are connected to the receiving front end through the plurality of circulators to form a radar signal receiving channel.

In other examples, the data processor 4 comprises a data processing module and a signal processing module connected in sequence. The signal processing module comprises a signal processing unit, a digital intermediate frequency unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit which are sequentially connected, the signal processing unit is connected with the data processing module and used for driving the radar to work according to a control instruction sent by the data processing module and receiving a plurality of echo signals fed back by the transmitting and receiving module 3, the echo signals sent by the receiver are sampled, the signals are converted into intermediate frequency signals in a down conversion mode, the intermediate frequency signals are subjected to algorithm processing, and meteorological product data are output.

The data processing module is further connected with the first servo driver 5 and is used for controlling working parameters of the first servo driver 5.

The communication module completes data transmission of radar detection data and the central station.

One of the working procedures of the radar provided by the invention is as follows: firstly, receiving an instruction of an upper computer or setting working parameters according to built-in parameters, generating a timing signal required by the whole computer by a signal processor, and enabling the radar to enter a working mode. Under the action of modulation pulse, the signal generates a frequency modulation signal or a phase coding signal required by forming a radar detection target, and after the frequency modulation signal or the phase coding signal is up-converted to a radar working waveband by a receiver, the excitation signal is sent to a power amplification component for amplification and is distributed to a plurality of feed source loudspeakers to irradiate a reflecting surface for radiation. The electromagnetic wave generates backward scattering return after meeting the target, the echo signal received by the radar antenna enters a receiver for low-noise amplification through a feeder network, and then is input into a digital intermediate frequency receiver through a filter. The digital intermediate frequency receiver is used for processing such as filtering, amplification, sampling, data extraction and the like, and finally, the signal processor is used for obtaining target echo information. The echo information is transmitted to the central station by the communication module.

For example, the radar adopts a full solid state full coherent pulse Doppler system, the azimuth can be mechanically scanned by 360 degrees, the scanning speed is continuously scanned at the maximum of 12 revolutions per minute, the azimuth resolution is 1 degree, and 360 groups of radial data are provided per circle. The pitching is multi-beam, covers the area to be monitored, and has adjustable pitching angle. A pulse compression system is adopted, distance resolution and action distance are considered, signal waveforms are in a linear frequency modulation pulse mode, a non-linear frequency modulation pulse mode and a phase coding pulse mode, the bandwidth is 5MHz, and the distance resolution reaches 30 m. The pulse widths are 1 mus, 20 mus and 100 mus. After the pulse compression, the distance side lobes are reduced by performing a frequency domain weighting process in the signal processing.

The radar adopts a pulse compression Doppler system, a pitching multi-beam azimuth mechanical scanning working mode, a structural mode that a multi-feed source horn irradiates a reflecting surface 1 of an offset feed antenna, an all-solid-state transmitting technology, a digital intermediate frequency receiving technology, a multi-channel signal processing technology, wireless communication and the like, so that the detection of different pitching angles during azimuth rotation scanning is realized, the time for completing volume scanning is shortened, and the reliability of the radar is improved. The antenna adopts an offset feed parabolic antenna, the pitching realizes the simultaneous working of multiple beams by a plurality of feed sources, and the pitching beams are not overlapped. The pitching design has an angle adjusting structure, and the direction of a pitching wave beam can be changed. The capability of pitching multi-beam work of the phased array weather radar can be realized, and a complex and expensive beam phase-shifting control system and numerous TR components of the phased array weather radar are avoided. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional mechanical scanning weather radar, the mechanical scanning is not needed in pitching, the time for completing the scanning of the full airspace volume is greatly shortened, the time for completing the scanning of an individual by the traditional mechanical scanning radar is reduced to within 1 minute, and the reliability of the radar is improved.

Radar structure

With reference to fig. 2-4, the reflection surface 1 of the offset feed antenna is installed at one end of the base, the feed horns are installed at the other end of the base, a counterweight 7 for balancing the difference weight of the two ends of the base is installed at one end of the base where the feed horns are located, the counterweight 7 is in a T shape, and the bottom end surface of the counterweight 7 is parallel and level with the lower surface of the base. The balancing weight 7 of the T-shaped structure is beneficial to taking and placing the radar, and in addition, the edge perpendicular to the bottom section can also effectively reduce the collision of the base and even the radar to the outside.

One side of the reflecting surface 1 of the offset feed antenna, which is far away from the feed horn, is provided with a heat dissipation plate, and the servo driver, the transmitting and receiving module 3, the data processor 4, the communication module and the power module 2 are distributed on the heat dissipation plate, so that the heat of a circuit part is reduced, and a circuit main board can work safely. Preferably, each module is of a packaging structure, so that various damages caused by the external environment are reduced.

As a preferred example thereof, the plurality of feed horns are mounted on the base through support arms.

The support arm comprises interconnect's sharp arm and arc arm, and the parallel attached on the base upper surface of sharp arm, arc arm and base upper surface are the contained angle shape and set up, and a plurality of feed horn distributions set up the one end of keeping away from sharp arm at the arc arm. Preferably, the feed source horn is detachably mounted, so that the whole radar can increase or decrease the number of the feed sources or adjust the positions of the feed sources according to the actual external requirements; even can set up the guide rail in the one side of arc arm orientation plane of reflection, the feed loudspeaker movably is installed on the guide rail to quick adjustment feed position.

The purpose of adopting the supporting arm structure is two: firstly, the installation of the feed source loudspeaker and the offset feed antenna reflecting surface 1 is convenient, so that the feed source loudspeaker and the offset feed antenna reflecting surface become a relatively independent integral structure as far as possible, and the relative position between the feed source loudspeaker and the offset feed antenna reflecting surface is convenient to control. Second, partial connecting circuit can be accomodate in the support arm, reduces the external line and exposes, and the daily device of being convenient for is maintained to can effectively ensure circuit safety.

As another preferable example, the offset antenna reflecting surface 1 is mounted on one end of the linear arm portion away from the arc-shaped arm portion by a tilt adjusting device 10.

The pitch adjusting device 10 is connected with the data processor 4 through a second servo driver, and the second servo driver adjusts parameters of the pitch adjusting device 10 according to a control instruction of the data processor 4 to adjust the pitch angle of the offset antenna reflecting surface 1.

For example, the pitch adjustment device 10 includes a support mechanism, two adjustment rods, and a locking mechanism.

The supporting mechanism is L-shaped, and two ends of the supporting mechanism are respectively connected to the supporting point of the offset antenna reflecting surface 1 and the end part of the linear arm.

The adjusting rod is in a linear shape and is composed of a plurality of straight rods which are sleeved with each other, the two adjusting rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the supporting arm, and each of two ends of each adjusting rod is connected between the offset antenna reflecting surface 1 and the linear arm part through two supporting bases respectively and is set to rotate by taking the corresponding supporting bases as axes.

The locking mechanism is arranged between the reflecting surface 1 of the offset antenna and the linear arm part and used for maintaining or removing an included angle between the reflecting surface 1 of the offset antenna and the linear arm part.

With aforementioned support arm structure, also can be provided with the chamber of accomodating of interconnecting link in the every single move adjusting device 10, reduce external line and expose, in fact, through rational application every single move adjusting device 10, support arm, base, possible outside no interconnecting link effectively ensures circuit safety, simplifies whole radar architecture. Meanwhile, the whole radar device can be rapidly stored by adjusting the pitching adjusting device 10, so that the occupied space is reduced, the portability of the radar is improved, and the radar is convenient to move and transport. For example, the pitch adjustment range is set to 0 to 60 °. The antenna can be unfolded and locked when in work, can be folded and locked when in transportation, and the like.

As another preferred example, the pitching multi-beam weather radar further comprises an antenna housing, and the base, the offset feed antenna reflecting surface 1, the plurality of feed source horns, the rotating base 6, the first servo driver 5, the transmitting and receiving module 3, the data processor 4, the communication module and the power supply module 2 are all installed in the antenna housing, so that the external environment interference on the radar is reduced.

Second, detection method

With reference to fig. 5, based on the pitching multibeam weather radar, the present invention further provides a detection method of the pitching multibeam weather radar, where the detection method includes the following steps:

and S1, inputting control parameters by adopting human-computer interaction or calling preset control parameters and sending the control parameters to the data processing module.

And S2, sending the control parameters to the signal processing module, controlling the signal processing module to generate modulation sequence signals at regular time, and generating control instructions required by the radar work.

And S3, driving the frequency source and the signal generator to generate an excitation signal, sending the excitation signal to the transmitter module, sending a control command to the first servo controller, controlling the radar to rotate in the azimuth direction, and determining the current working state.

And S4, amplifying the excitation signal by using a transmitter module, transmitting the amplified excitation signal to a multi-channel feed source horn, and transmitting the electromagnetic wave to the cloud and rain target surface through the offset feed antenna reflecting surface 1.

And S5, receiving echo signals reflected by the cloud and rain target to the offset antenna reflecting surface 1, respectively sending the echo signals to a plurality of corresponding receiving channels through a plurality of paths of feed sources, generating intermediate frequency signals after amplification, filtering and down-conversion processing in the receiving channels, and sending the intermediate frequency signals to an analog-to-digital conversion unit to be sampled into digital signals.

And S6, performing pulse compression, filtering and FFT calculation on the multipath digital intermediate frequency signals to obtain the spectrum distribution of the multipath echo signals.

And S7, performing spectral moment analysis and sliding window filtering on the multi-path spectral distribution data respectively to obtain a zero-order moment, a first-order moment and a second-order moment of the echo signal.

And S8, respectively calculating the echo intensity, the echo speed and the echo spectrum width by the zero-order moment, the first-order moment and the second-order moment of the multi-path signals, and finishing the meteorological basic data calculation.

The pitching multi-beam weather radar device disclosed by the invention supports the operation in a dual-polarization mode. For example, the pitching multibeam weather radar adopts a single-transmitting and double-receiving or double-transmitting and double-receiving dual-polarization mode to detect dual-polarization parameters of a meteorological target.

Third, specific examples

Assuming that the working frequency of the radar is X wave band, an X wave band dual-beam weather radar is designed in the above mode.

As shown in fig. 1. In a preferred embodiment, the radar mainly comprises an antenna housing, an antenna reflecting surface, double feed sources (a first feed source 8 and a second feed source 9), a pitching adjusting device, a transmitter, a receiver, a signal processor, a first servo driver, a data processor, a communication module, a power supply module, a collector ring, a base, a heat dissipation plate and the like. In the embodiment, the working frequency of the radar is X waveband, 9375 +/-150 MHz; antenna caliber: 600 mm; beam shape: a pencil beam; azimuth mechanical scanning range: 0-360 degrees; number of pitch beams: 2; antenna gain: not less than 31dB (net gain, central frequency point); a transmitting-receiving side lobe: less than or equal to-18 dB (central frequency point); polarization mode: and (4) horizontal. Pitch adjustment range: 0 to 60 degrees. The antenna can be unfolded and locked in operation and can be folded and locked in transportation.

The radar detection distance is designed to be 30km (30dBz @30km), the distance resolution is 30m, and the output products are the speed, the spectrum width and the intensity of each distance bin. The communication module supports 4G network transmission and WiFi transmission.

The rotation speed of the antenna is adjustable, the rotation speed is set to be 0-72 degrees/s (0-12 revolutions/minute), and the antenna is continuously scanned in a 360-degree rotation mode. When the azimuth is scanned in a rotating way of 72 degrees/s, the pulse repetition frequency is designed to be 4096Hz, the maximum detection distance is 30km, and the maximum speed measurement range reaches 30 m/s. The pulse width is designed to be 1 mus, 20 mus and 100 mus, and the whole airspace scanning can be completed by respectively scanning for one circle and 3 circles.

The radar is provided with two feed source horns (a first feed source 8 and a second feed source 9), so that two sets of feed line systems are arranged in parallel and are connected with a transmitter and the two feed source horns.

The transmitter amplifies a low-power radio frequency excitation signal of 10mW from a frequency source, outputs a high-power pulse radio frequency signal of 200W, is divided into two paths by a power divider, and is sent to two feed sources through a feeder line to serve as a high-power source of radar radiation. The transmitter consists of a solid-state transmitting component and a control protection circuit. The solid-state amplification chain adopts a GaAs power tube and mainly comprises a power amplification module, a distributor, a synthesizer, an isolator, a coupler and the like; the control protection circuit mainly provides functions of a drain electrode modulation power supply, grid negative pressure protection, over-pulse width over-duty ratio, over-heat protection and the like for the power amplifier. The peak power of the transmitter is designed to be 200W, and the maximum duty ratio can reach 50%.

The receiver mainly performs amplification, down-conversion and generation of a transmission excitation signal of the echo signal. The two received echo signals are sent to AD for band-pass sampling after being subjected to low noise amplifier, filtering and primary down-conversion to intermediate frequency, then digital down-conversion is carried out, orthogonal time division multiplexing outputs digital I, Q signals, and the signals are sent to a signal processor after being preprocessed.

As shown in fig. 2. In a preferred embodiment, the antenna and other equipment are mounted within a radome.

As shown in fig. 3. In a preferred embodiment, the transmitter, the receiver, the signal processor, the servo drive, the data processor, and the power supply are mounted on a heat sink. The transmitter and the receiver are integrally designed in structure, and the communication module is integrated in the data processor.

In a preferred embodiment, the radar is pitched by two beams, the two beams cover a pitch angle of 0-8 °, the beam center pointing can be changed by the pitch adjustment device 10, and the azimuth is mechanically rotated and scanned. The servo subsystem provides mechanical scanning of the radar antenna orientation. The device mainly comprises a servo controller, a servo driver, a stepping motor, an encoder, a collector ring, a turntable and the like.

As shown in fig. 4. In a preferred embodiment, there are 2 beams in elevation, the center pointing of beam 1 is 2 °, and the 3dB beamwidth is 3.9 °; the center pointing of the elevation beam 2 is 6 °, and the 3dB beamwidth is 4.1 °. Considering that the radar can be installed in different places, the elevation adjusting mechanism is installed behind the antenna reflecting surface, and the lowest detection angle of the beam 1 is-2 degrees, and the highest detection angle is 60 degrees.

In this disclosure, aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a number of illustrative embodiments are shown. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily defined to include all aspects of the invention. It should be appreciated that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in greater detail below, may be implemented in any of numerous ways, as the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any one implementation. In addition, some aspects of the present disclosure may be used alone, or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the present disclosure.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The pitching multi-beam weather radar is characterized by comprising a base, a deflection feed antenna reflecting surface, a plurality of feed source horns, a rotating base, a rotating mechanism, a first servo driver, a transmitting and receiving module, a data processor, a communication module, a power supply module and a power supply;

2. The multi-beam weather radar of claim 1, wherein the reflection surface of the offset feed antenna is mounted at one end of the base, the plurality of feed horns are mounted at the other end of the base, a weight block for balancing the difference weight of the two ends of the base is mounted at one end of the base where the plurality of feed horns are located, the weight block is T-shaped, and the bottom end surface of the weight block is flush with the lower surface of the base;

the side of the reflecting surface of the offset feed antenna, which is far away from the feed horn, is provided with a heat dissipation plate, and the servo driver, the transmitting and receiving module, the data processor, the communication module and the power supply module are distributed on the heat dissipation plate.

3. The pitching multi-beam weather radar of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of feed horns are mounted on a base by support arms;

the support arm comprises interconnect's sharp arm and arc arm, and the parallel attached on the base upper surface of sharp arm, arc arm and base upper surface are the contained angle shape and set up, and a plurality of feed horn distributions set up the one end of keeping away from sharp arm at the arc arm.

4. The tilting multi-beam weather radar of claim 3, wherein the offset antenna reflecting surface is mounted on an end of the rectilinear arm portion distal from the arcuate arm portion by a tilt adjustment device;

the second servo driver adjusts the parameters of the pitching adjusting device according to the control instruction of the data processor so as to adjust the pitching angle of the reflecting surface of the offset feed antenna.

5. The pitching multi-beam weather radar of claim 4, wherein the pitch adjustment mechanism comprises a support mechanism, two adjustment rods, a locking mechanism;

the supporting mechanism is L-shaped, and two ends of the supporting mechanism are respectively connected to a supporting point of the reflecting surface of the offset antenna and the end part of the linear arm;

the adjusting rods are linear and are composed of a plurality of straight rods which are sleeved with each other, the two adjusting rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the supporting arm, two ends of each adjusting rod are respectively connected between the reflecting surface of the offset antenna and the linear arm part through two supporting bases, and the adjusting rods can respectively rotate by taking the corresponding supporting bases as axes;

the locking mechanism is arranged between the reflecting surface of the offset antenna and the linear arm part and used for maintaining or removing an included angle between the reflecting surface of the offset antenna and the linear arm part.

6. The pitching multi-beam weather radar of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a radome, wherein the base, the offset feed antenna reflecting surface, the plurality of feed horns, the rotating base, the first servo driver, the transmitting and receiving module, the data processor, the communication module, and the power module are all mounted within the radome.

7. The pitching multi-beam weather radar of claim 1 or 2, wherein said transmit receive module comprises a transmitter module and a receiver module created in a one-piece design;

the transmitter module comprises a solid-state transmitter, and the receiver module comprises a signal generator, a frequency source and a receiving front end which are connected in sequence;

8. The pitching multi-beam weather radar of claim 1 or 2, wherein the data processor comprises a data processing module and a signal processing module connected in series;

the signal processing module comprises a signal processing unit, a digital intermediate frequency unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit which are sequentially connected, the signal processing unit is connected with the data processing module and used for driving the transmitting and receiving module to work according to a control instruction sent by the data processing module and receiving a plurality of echo signals fed back by the transmitting and receiving module, echo information of a detection target is obtained through calculation, and the echo information of the detection target is fed back to an upper computer through the communication module;

the data processing module is also connected with the first servo driver and used for controlling working parameters of the first servo driver.

9. A method for detecting a pitching multi-beam weather radar, wherein the pitching multi-beam weather radar adopts the pitching multi-beam weather radar as claimed in any one of claim 8;

the detection method comprises the following steps:

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the elevation multi-beam weather radar employs a dual polarization mode of single-shot dual-shot or dual-shot to detect dual polarization parameters of a meteorological target.