CN115821110B - C70350 alloy for establishing ingredient cooperative change relation based on cluster method - Google Patents
C70350 alloy for establishing ingredient cooperative change relation based on cluster method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a C70350 alloy for establishing a composition cooperative change relation based on a cluster method and a preparation method thereof. The C70350 alloy which establishes the composition cooperative change relation based on the cluster method is characterized in that C70350 alloying elements are divided into matrix Cu elements which enter the cluster; ni-like element: contains Ni and Co; si element; and trace elements that do not enter into clusters: pb, fe, zn, mn, mg; the cooperative change relation of each element in the cluster is converted into atomic percent: ni/Co is more than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.51,1.66, (Ni+Co)/Si is more than or equal to 2.89, and on the basis of the cooperative change relation of each element, the atomic number range of the Ni, co and Si elements in the cluster is as follows: the C70350 alloy with the composition synergetic variation relationship established based on the cluster method and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the invention can simplify the complex alloying of high-temperature alloy, and provide a brand new alloy design method which can solve the problem that the existing C70350 copper alloy element is difficult to regulate and control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nonferrous metals, in particular to a C70350 alloy for establishing a composition cooperative change relation based on a cluster method.
Background
The CuNiCoSi alloy is a precipitation strengthening alloy which takes copper as a matrix and Ni, co and Si as second phase strengthening elements. The alloy has good cold and hot processing performance, fine processing and etching performance, good brazing performance and the like, gradually replaces the traditional Fe-Ni alloy and Cu-Fe-P alloy, and becomes a new generation of integrated circuit lead frame material. However, since alloy performance is sensitive to component proportion and preparation process, strength and conductivity proportion are difficult to blend, and alloy quality is difficult to control.
In general, it is desirable that the leadframe material has a strength of not less than 600MPa, a hardness of not less than 130HV, and a conductivity of not less than 40% iacs. The current technical standard GB/T5231-2022 (processed copper and copper alloy brands and chemical compositions) prescribes that the component interval of C70350 copper alloy (Ni+Co) is 2.0-4.5wt percent and the component interval of Si is 0.5-1.2wt percent; the 2014 ASTM copper and copper alloy composition standard specifies a composition interval of 1.0 to 3.0wt.% for C70350 copper alloy (ni+co) and a composition interval of 0.2 to 0.8wt.% for Si; the composition interval of C70350 copper alloy (Ni+Co) in the U.S. UNS standard is 2.0-4.5wt.%, and the composition interval of Si is 0.5-1.2wt.%; the composition interval of the C70350 copper alloy (Ni+Co) in German DIN standard is 1.5-3.0wt.%, and the composition interval of Si is 0.4-1.5wt.%. The composition points of the C70350 copper alloy are not the same in the composition interval range, so that it is difficult to precisely select the composition of the C70350 copper alloy.
The existing GH4169 high-temperature alloy composition standard (GB/T14992-2005) is also limited to the determination of the composition interval of single elements, neglecting the interaction among elements, and meanwhile, the interval range of various elements is larger, and the existing CuNi 1 Co 1 The Si alloy composition standard (DIN) specifies: cuNi of (C) 1 Co 1 The mass percentages of Si specified elements are: ni is more than or equal to 1.0 and less than or equal to 2.0,0.5, co is more than or equal to 1.0,0.4, si is more than or equal to 1.5, and the balance is Cu. As shown in FIG. 1, irregularly distributed squares are the literature Shaobin Pan, materials&Design, volume 209, 109929, month 11 of 2021; he Wei, materials Science&
Engineering a, volume 814, 141239, month 5 of 2021; jiang Li, materials, volume 18, 2855, month 9 of 2019; xiangpen Xiao, CRYSTALS, volume 8, phase 11, page 435, month 11 of 2018; peng Lijun, rare metal materials and engineering, 2019, 6 th edition, pages 1969-1974; zhuan Zhao, journal ofAlloys and Compounds, volume 797, thThe effect of the Ni/Co ratio on the performance of the C70350 alloy was studied on the C70350 copper alloy reported in pages 1327-1337, 8 in 2019, starting from (Ni, co) and ending with a diagonal line of Si content of (Ni+Co)/Si=2, and the alloy performance was significantly different from each other due to the imprecision of the element range, and the tensile strength of the alloy was 618N/mm when the Ni/Co ratio was 5, although the individual element component ranges were all within the range specified by the industry standard 2 Left and right; when the Ni/Co ratio is 2, the tensile strength of the alloy can reach 854N/mm 2 Left and right. The parallelogram range is CuNi 1 Co 1 The Si industry standard composition interval, the C70350 copper alloy composition actually reported in the prior literature is mainly concentrated in a narrow range (represented by a square) in the figure, and the industry standard gives an excessively wide composition interval, so that the composition interval of fixed elements has a large deviation from the composition of the currently studied alloy. Therefore, the wide single element interval or no consideration of element interaction can cause a wide range of alloy performance variation, and excellent performance alloy cannot be obtained, and even if the alloy meets the widely accepted component standard in industry, the alloy performance variation is large, and the comprehensive performance cannot be ensured exactly. In practical industrial production, technicians usually perform alloy manufacturing according to empirical components, and due to the complexity of the preparation process, reasonable alloy component design and preparation cannot be performed. In fact, this is also a common problem faced by all industrial alloys, i.e. their elemental species and composition intervals come from engineering practices, the theoretical basis of which is missing. The engineering problem is derived from the knowledge of solid solution structure by mechanism. As is well known, industrial alloys are based on solid solutions, which are structurally characterized by chemical proximity, and which have both sequence and disorder properties, the alloy composition must be implied in such a proximity structure, while the academic world has just lost structural models for the chemical proximity of solid solutions.
In view of this, in order to give an ideal composition formula of the C70350 copper alloy, the composition intervals of Ni, co, and Si elements in the C70350 copper alloy are clarified, and it is highly demanded to propose a new standard of C70350 copper alloy composition for establishing a composition cooperative variation relationship based on a cluster method, and to implement an alloy composition design and a corresponding preparation process according to the new standard, so as to ensure improvement of performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a C70350 alloy which establishes a composition cooperative change relation based on a cluster method, wherein according to a cluster and connecting atom model, a composition carrier of any alloy is a local structural unit, and covers a first neighbor cluster and a plurality of secondary neighbor connecting atoms, and the composition carrier is expressed as a cluster formula: the cluster center-cluster first neighbor shell layer (secondary neighbor connecting atom), thus, elements in the alloy are only divided into three types of elements which are positioned in the center, the shell layer and the connection, and only four element classifications are needed for the clearance type and microelements which do not enter the cluster, so that the complex alloying of the high-temperature alloy can be simplified. And can obtain the sample under different states through the corresponding preparation technology in this patent, preparation efficiency is high, and the energy saving is and the performance is excellent, can satisfy different processing demands.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: c70350 alloy with a composition synergistic change relation established based on a cluster method is characterized in that C70350 alloying elements are divided into matrix Cu elements entering the cluster; ni-like element: contains Ni and Co; si element; and trace elements that do not enter into clusters: pb, fe, zn, mn, mg;
the cooperative change relation of each element in the cluster is converted into atomic percent: ni/Co is more than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.51,1.66, (Ni+Co)/Si is more than or equal to 2.89,
based on the synergistic change relation of each element, the atomic number range of Ni, co and Si elements in the cluster formula is as follows: ni+Co+Si is more than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 16.
Further, on the basis of the synergistic change relation of the elements, the composition general formula of the C70350 alloy is Cu x (Ni,Co) y Si z Wherein x is atomic percent of Cu element, and z is SiThe atomic percent of the elements, y is the total atomic percent of the Ni and Co elements, and x+y+z is approximately equal to 100.
Further, based on the synergistic change relation of the elements, the mass percentage of each element in the cluster formula is as follows: cu is more than or equal to 94.14 and less than or equal to 95.70,1.56, ni is more than or equal to 2.34,1.17 and Co is more than or equal to 1.95, and Si is more than or equal to 1.56.
Further, based on the synergistic change relation of the elements, the mass percentage of each element in the cluster formula is as follows: 95.70 Cu is less than or equal to 96.88,1.17 Ni is less than or equal to 1.56,0.78 Co is less than or equal to 1.56 and Si is approximately equal to 1.17.
Further, the atomic clusters in the C70350 alloy are Si and Ni, co and Cu elements together to form [ Cu ] 1 ～ 8 (Ni,Co) 5 ～ 11 Si 3 ～ 4 ][Cu 16 ] 15 Face centered cubic clusters.
A preparation method of C70350 alloy for establishing a composition cooperative change relation based on a cluster method comprises the following steps: the elements are converted into mass percent from atomic percent, the prepared alloy raw materials are smelted for multiple times by utilizing a vacuum intermediate frequency magnetic suspension smelting furnace under the protection of argon atmosphere, so that the aim of component uniformity is fulfilled, an alloy ingot is finally obtained, the actual components are measured after the ingot is obtained, and compared with the nominal components, and the experimental error is ensured to be within the design range.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
first, the C70350 alloy composition under the traditional industry standard is subjected to composition refinement, and the proportion change relation among various elements is considered, so that the alloy composition and the performance are well matched.
Secondly, a double-layer specification is designed strictly according to a cluster method, namely 94.14-95.70, 1.56-2.34, 1.17-1.95, si-1.56 or 95.70-Cu-96.88, 1.17-1.56, 0.78-1.56 and Si-1.17 are satisfied under the premise that 1.05-1.51 (at.) of Ni/Co and 1.66-2.89 (at.) of Ni+Co/Si are satisfied and 8-16 (256) of Ni+Co.
Thirdly, the method adopts the vacuum intermediate frequency suspension furnace to prepare the sample, can control the feeding sequence and time, reduce the loss in the smelting process, enable the actual components to be more similar to the nominal components, has the magnetic stirring function, and can ensure the uniformity of the sample after repeated smelting.
Alloy components are designed through a cluster and connecting atom model, and according to the model, component carriers of any alloy are a local structural unit, and the first neighbor cluster and a plurality of secondary neighbor connecting atoms are covered, so that the alloy is expressed as a cluster: the cluster center-cluster first neighbor shell layer ] (secondary neighbor connecting atom), thus, elements in the alloy are only divided into three types of elements positioned at the center, the shell layer and connection, and only four element classifications are needed for the interstitial type and microelements which do not enter the cluster, so that the complex alloying of the high-temperature alloy can be simplified, the composition range and the proportion change relation between each element in the C70350 copper alloy can be obtained according to the complex alloying, and the problem that the conventional C70350 copper alloy element is difficult to regulate can be solved.
The method is based on a cluster and connecting atom model of a chemical near-program structure, strictly prescribes the cooperative change relation of alloy components and the component intervals of single alloy elements, fundamentally overcomes the defects of different ranges and uncertainty of components of the traditional component intervals, improves the existing preparation process, can obtain samples in different states through the corresponding preparation process in the method, has high preparation efficiency, saves energy and has excellent performance, and different processing requirements can be met.
According to the method, a cluster type component design method for describing a chemical near-program structure (the whole text is called a cluster type method for short) is introduced, components of the C70350 copper alloy are analyzed, an ideal component formula of the alloy is provided, the synergistic effect of elements in the alloy is considered, a novel C70350 copper alloy component standard for establishing a component synergistic change relation based on the cluster type method is provided, component intervals of Ni, co and Si elements in the C70350 copper alloy are defined strictly according to the novel standard, and optimized specific component points are provided. Alloy composition design and corresponding preparation process are implemented according to new standards, and performance improvement can be ensured. The new component standard is simple and effective, and the component standardization mode of the alloy is thoroughly improved. The standard also has exemplary effects, which are meant to cover any industrial alloy system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a Cu- (Ni, co) -Si pseudo ternary composition of the C70350 copper alloy composition of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The concept of establishing a composition synergistic variation relationship based on a cluster method for realizing the C70350 alloy is as follows: component analysis of the C70350 copper alloy was performed by a cluster method. The model considers elements to form cluster structural units according to an interaction mode, and can be expressed as a simple cluster component formula [ cluster](connection atom) x I.e. one cluster matches x linking atoms. For face centered cubic alloys, the number of connecting atoms x=1 to 5 can be calculated by a cluster model, and when the diameter is close to the equal diameter, the number of connecting atoms x=3, and when large atoms such as Nb and Ti are present, the number of connecting atoms x=5. The cluster component design method has been successfully applied to the design of various engineering alloys such as austenitic stainless steel for high temperature, low-elasticity-Ti alloy, cobalt-based superalloy and the like, and provides a new thought and method for the component design of high-performance engineering alloy.
In the C70350 alloy, elements can be classified into matrix Cu, precipitation strengthening elements Ni, co, si, and trace (Pb, fe, zn, mn, mg) elements that do not enter into clusters. According to the previous work of the applicant, in the cluster type, the combination of element interaction modes can be calculated to obtain that the cluster type contains 16 atoms, and the elements of Ni, co and Cu are formed into [ Si- (Ni, co, cu) formed by the first neighbor together with Si as a center 12 ]Cuboctahedral clusters. Converting the element components entering into clusters into 16 atoms to obtain the alloy with the general formula of the components
Or->
The mass percentage of the C70350 copper alloy under the limiting condition of the component proportion is obtained: under the limiting condition of meeting the element proportion ratio of Ni/Co which is less than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.51 (at.), ni+Co/Si which is less than or equal to 1.66 and less than or equal to 2.89 (at.), ni+Co+Si which is less than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 16 (256),
when the alloy composition ratio satisfies the general formula { A }, each element satisfies 94.14.ltoreq.Cu.ltoreq. 95.70 (at.%), 1.56.ltoreq.Ni.ltoreq.2.34 (at.%), 1.17.ltoreq.Co.ltoreq.1.95 (at.%), si.ltoreq.1.56 (at.%);
when the alloy composition ratio satisfies the general formula { B }, each element satisfies 95.70.ltoreq.Cu.ltoreq. 96.88 (at.%), 1.17.ltoreq.Ni.ltoreq.1.56 (at.%), 0.78.ltoreq.Co.ltoreq.1.56 (at.%), and Si.ltoreq.1.17 (at.%).
Examples and performance measurements thereof
The preparation method of the C70350 copper alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: the high-purity metal material is adopted, the ingredients are mixed according to the mass percentage, the mixture is smelted at least twice repeatedly by adopting a vacuum intermediate frequency smelting furnace under the protection of argon atmosphere, so that an alloy ingot with uniform ingredients and the mass loss in the smelting process is not more than 0.1 percent.
S2: homogenizing the alloy ingot by a muffle furnace at 930 ℃ for 4 hours. Subsequently, 5 passes of hot rolling were performed to obtain a 16mm plate sample. Then carrying out solution treatment for 2 hours at 975 ℃, and carrying out water cooling to room temperature to obtain the solid solution state alloy material designed by the invention;
s3: the alloy after solid solution is cold rolled, and is divided into 29 passes, so that a plate sample with the thickness of 2mm is obtained, and then the aging state alloy material designed by the invention can be obtained after aging for 2 hours at 450 ℃.
The structure and performance analysis method of the C70350 copper alloy related to the application comprises the following steps:
performing metallographic preparation on the as-cast structure, and primarily observing the microscopic morphology of the sample by utilizing a light mirror;
a scanning electron microscope is used for observing the tissue type of the sample in detail, and granular precipitated phases can be observed in crystal grains and at crystal boundaries;
analysis of the phase composition of the alloy using an X-ray diffractometer, combined with EDS analysis, the second phase in the alloy being predominantly (Ni, co) 2 A Si phase;
measuring the hardness of the sample at room temperature by using a vacuum Vickers hardness tester;
sample conductivity was measured using an SMP350 conductivity tester.
When the alloy composition ratio satisfies the general formula { a }, in the C70350 alloy, the atomic percentage content of the matrix Cu element is 94.92 ±0.78 at%, the atomic percentage content of the second phase strengthening element Ni is 1.95±0.39 at%, the atomic percentage content of Co is 1.56±0.39 at%, and the atomic percentage content of Si is 1.56 at%, the composition points of the C70350 copper alloy are shown in table 1.
Table 1 Table of analysis of the composition of C70350 copper alloy of examples 1 to 6
TABLE 2 hardness of C70350 copper alloys in examples 1-6
TABLE 3 conductivity of C70350 copper alloys in examples 1-6
As is clear from tables 1 to 3, taking example 2 and example 3 as examples, when the Ni content was increased from 1.56at.% to 1.95at.%, the hardness of the alloy in the solid solution state was 184 kgf.mm, respectively -2 And 171 kgf.mm -2 . Similarly, the hardness in the aged state was 220 kgf.multidot.mm -2 235kgf mm -2 . From the compositional standpoint, example 3 has only one more Ni atom than example 2. This suggests that the C70350 alloy is a composition-sensitive alloy, and that minor variations in composition all result in large variations in performance. The conventional trial-and-error method, the Hume-Rothery law and the like cannot meet the requirements of component design. The use of "cluster plus linking atomic model" allows the composition and properties of the alloy to be linked from an atomic point of view.
As can be seen from the combination of Table 1 and FIG. 1, the triangle and the hexagon are constituent points [ Cu ] satisfying the 16-atom cluster defining condition 1 ～ 5 (Ni,Co) 7 ～ 11 Si 4 ][Cu 16 ] 15 [ Cu ] 5 ～ 8 (Ni,Co) 5 ～ 8 Si 3 ][Cu 16 ] 15 。
When the alloy composition ratio satisfies the general formula { B }, in the C70350 alloy, the atomic percentage content of the matrix Cu element was 96.29±0.59 at%, the atomic percentage content of the second phase strengthening element Ni was 1.37±0.20 at%, the atomic percentage content of Co was 1.17±0.39 at%, the atomic percentage content of Si was 1.17 at%, and the composition points of the C70350 copper alloy are shown in table 4.
Table 4 Table of composition analysis of C70350 copper alloy of examples 7 to 10
TABLE 5 hardness of C70350 copper alloys in examples 7-10
TABLE 6 conductivity of C70350 copper alloys in examples 7-10
Tables 4 to 6 compare with tables 1 to 3, [ Cu ] 5 ～ 8 (Ni,Co) 5 ～ 8 Si 3 ][Cu 16 ] 15 The hardness of the alloy is improved to about 250HV on the premise of keeping the conductivity above 45% IACS. The composition points of examples 7-10 are hexagons in FIG. 1, and we can see that these composition points are within industry standards, and we refer to this group as the experimental group. The composition points of examples 1-6 are triangles in FIG. 1, and we can see that the composition points are mostly outside the industry standard, and we call this group the control group. The comparison of the two groups shows that the alloy performance of the experimental group is overall better than that of the control group, and the rationality of the industrial standard range is also verified.
In summary, the novel standard C70350 copper alloy provided by the invention has the following creativity compared with the prior art: the Cu-Ni-Co-Si alloy for the high-performance lead frame is obtained, and the C70350 alloy composition is analyzed and optimized by using a cluster and connecting atomic model. The target material is obtained by combining the fusion casting preparation with the subsequent heat treatment process, the component model, the microstructure and the electrical (mechanical) property are tightly combined, the analytic model of the high-performance copper alloy component design is obtained, and the analytic model is suitable for related alloys.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. C70350 alloy with a composition cooperative change relation established based on a cluster method is characterized in that C70350 alloying elements are divided into matrix Cu elements entering the cluster; ni-like element: contains Ni and Co; si element; and trace elements that do not enter into clusters: pb, fe, zn, mn, mg; converting the element components entering into clusters into 16 atoms to obtain the alloy with the general formula of the components
Or->
The cooperative change relation of each element in the cluster is converted into atomic percent: ni/Co is more than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.51,1.66, (Ni+Co)/Si is more than or equal to 2.89,
based on the synergistic change relation of each element, the atomic number range of Ni, co and Si elements in the cluster formula is as follows: ni+Co+Si is more than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 16;
a preparation method of C70350 alloy for establishing a composition cooperative change relation based on a cluster method comprises the following steps:
solid solution state: carrying out solution treatment for 2 hours at 975+/-10 ℃, and carrying out water cooling or oil cooling to room temperature;
aging state: preserving heat for 2h at 450+/-10 ℃, and cooling to room temperature in a furnace or water cooling.
2. The C70350 alloy according to claim 1, wherein the C70350 alloy has a composition formula of Cu based on the synergistic effect of the respective elements x (Ni,Co) y Si z Wherein x is the atomic percent of Cu element, z is the atomic percent of Si element,y is the total atomic percent of Ni and Co elements, x+y+z=100.
3. The C70350 alloy for establishing a composition cooperative variation relationship based on a cluster method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein on the basis of the cooperative variation relationship of the respective elements, the mass percentage of each element in the cluster is: cu is more than or equal to 94.14 and less than or equal to 95.70,1.56, ni is more than or equal to 2.34,1.17 and Co is more than or equal to 1.95, and Si is more than or equal to 1.56.
4. The C70350 alloy for establishing a composition cooperative variation relationship based on a cluster method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein on the basis of the cooperative variation relationship of the respective elements, the mass percentage of each element in the cluster is: 95.70 Cu is less than or equal to 96.88,1.17 Ni is less than or equal to 1.56,0.78 Co is less than or equal to 1.56, and Si=1.17.
5. A method for producing the C70350 alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
solid solution state: carrying out solution treatment for 2 hours at 975+/-10 ℃, and carrying out water cooling or oil cooling to room temperature; aging state: preserving heat for 2h at 450+/-10 ℃, and cooling to room temperature in a furnace or water cooling.
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| JP2011084764A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-28 | Dowa Metaltech Kk | High strength copper alloy plate material and method for producing the same |
| CN113774255A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-10 | 大连理工大学 | GH4169 high-temperature alloy based on cluster type method for determining component synergistic change relationship and preparation method |
| CN114134433A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-04 | 大连理工大学 | GH2132 high-temperature alloy based on component synergistic variation relation and preparation method |
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| JP2008266787A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-11-06 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Copper alloy material and its manufacturing method |
| JP2009179864A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-13 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Copper alloy sheet superior in stress relaxation resistance |
| JP5961335B2 (en) * | 2010-04-05 | 2016-08-02 | Ｄｏｗａメタルテック株式会社 | Copper alloy sheet and electrical / electronic components |
| JP5647703B2 (en) * | 2013-02-14 | 2015-01-07 | Ｄｏｗａメタルテック株式会社 | High-strength Cu-Ni-Co-Si-based copper alloy sheet, its manufacturing method, and current-carrying parts |
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| JP2011084764A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-28 | Dowa Metaltech Kk | High strength copper alloy plate material and method for producing the same |
| CN113774255A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-10 | 大连理工大学 | GH4169 high-temperature alloy based on cluster type method for determining component synergistic change relationship and preparation method |
| CN114134433A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-04 | 大连理工大学 | GH2132 high-temperature alloy based on component synergistic variation relation and preparation method |
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