CN115816692A - Granulation production system of degradable plastics - Google Patents
Granulation production system of degradable plastics Download PDFInfo
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- CN115816692A CN115816692A CN202310123514.5A CN202310123514A CN115816692A CN 115816692 A CN115816692 A CN 115816692A CN 202310123514 A CN202310123514 A CN 202310123514A CN 115816692 A CN115816692 A CN 115816692A
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- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 243
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 190
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic granulation, in particular to a granulation production system of degradable plastics, which comprises a stirring mechanism, an extruding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein various sensors which influence the granulation quality of the degradable plastics and correspond to key factors are respectively added in the stirring mechanism, the extruding mechanism, the heating mechanism, the cooling mechanism and the control mechanism, so that the degradable plastics can be intelligently adjusted in real time according to the key parameters in the production process, meanwhile, the judgment process of each step is independent and reliable through a distributed multi-chip judgment module, and the degradable plastics can be greatly improved in the production process, the cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is enlarged by finally returning to the secondary correction in the production process according to the detection result after the quality detection of finished products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic granulation, in particular to a granulation production system for degradable plastics.
Background
In recent years, with the enhancement of awareness of people on environmental protection, degradable plastics become mainstream materials for replacing traditional non-degradable plastic products in recent years, the degradable plastics are mainly prepared by adding natural high polymer materials extracted from natural plants in a certain proportion into a formula table of the traditional non-degradable plastics, so that how to better mix, stir and heat the degradable plastics and the natural high polymer materials until granulation in the preparation process of the degradable plastics is one of important reasons influencing the quality of finished products, and in the prior art, a system for monitoring and adjusting conditions influencing the granulation quality in the granulation process of the degradable plastics is not provided.
Chinese patent publication No.: CN104044223B discloses an energy-conserving high-efficient type plastics granulator, feeding screw rotates the setting in a pay-off section of thick bamboo, and the scraper blade rotates the setting in the granulation extrusion intracavity, and the scraper blade excircle sets up the scraper block and presses close to with the inner wall of extruding the mould section of thick bamboo, and the section of thick bamboo wall of extruding the mould section of thick bamboo sets up extrudes the hole, sets up the pivoted cutting off cutter at the outer wall of extruding the mould section of thick bamboo, set up many vertical ribs on the inner wall of a pay-off section of thick bamboo, vertical rib from last down run through whole pay-off section of thick bamboo height, the tip circle of vertical rib cooperatees with feeding screw's excircle, encloses out the space and forms the inside air circulation passageway of pay-off section of thick bamboo between adjacent vertical rib and pay-off section of thick bamboo inner wall, the pay-off screw excircle. According to the plastic granulating device, the scraper block is utilized to roll materials to generate heat to melt the materials for plastic granulation, the working process can be smoothly exhausted all the time, the unique scraper design avoids local overheating of the materials to block heat transfer, automatic control of blanking and feeding is realized, and the whole granulating process is ensured to be normally carried out at a high speed and has high granulating quality; therefore, the granulator has the problem of uneven heating degree when the granulator is used for melting materials by means of heat generated by rolling the materials, and the problem of low productivity caused by the fact that the productivity of the granulator is limited by the speed of melting the materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a granulation production system of degradable plastics, which is used for solving the problem that preparation factors influencing the quality of master batches of the degradable plastics cannot be adjusted according to real-time feedback in the preparation process of the master batches.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a granulation production system of degradable plastics, comprising a stirring mechanism, an extruding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein,
the stirring mechanism comprises a material box, a stirring blade and a first power device, the material box is arranged at a feed inlet of the extrusion mechanism and used for bearing a material mixture, the stirring blade is arranged in the material box and used for stirring the material mixture, and the first power device is connected with the stirring blade and used for driving the stirring blade to rotate;
the extruding mechanism comprises a material pushing screw device, a second power device and an extruding machine head, the material pushing screw device comprises a cooling water circulation channel, a material pushing screw and a material pushing bin corresponding to the material pushing screw, the cooling water circulation channel is arranged inside the material pushing screw and used for cooling the material mixture, the material pushing screw device is used for enabling the material mixture to generate displacement under preset pressure, the second power device is connected with the material pushing screw and used for driving the material pushing screw to rotate, and the extruding machine head is arranged at a discharging port of the extruding mechanism and used for limiting the diameter of the material mixture extruded out of the extruding mechanism by a preset size;
the heating mechanism is respectively arranged outside the material box and the extruding mechanism and used for heating a material mixture in the material box and the extruding mechanism, the heating mechanism comprises a first heater and a second heater, the heating mechanism is used for converting electric energy into heat energy, the first heater is arranged outside the material box, and the second heater is arranged outside the extruding mechanism;
the cooling mechanism comprises a water cooling groove, an air cooling groove, a conveying device and a shearing device, the water cooling groove is connected with the extruder head and is provided with a low-temperature cooling water circulation valve for carrying out soaking cooling at a preset temperature on a material mixture extruded out of the extruder head, the air cooling groove is connected with the water cooling groove, the air cooling groove is provided with a plurality of fans for carrying out air drying and cooling at the preset temperature on the material mixture soaked and cooled, the conveying device is arranged on the water cooling groove and the air cooling groove and is used for driving the material mixture on the water cooling groove and the air cooling groove to carry out displacement at a preset direction and speed, and the shearing device is arranged at the tail end of the air cooling groove and is used for carrying out grain cutting operation on the material mixture at the preset temperature and at a preset drying degree;
the control mechanism comprises a central processing unit which is used for correspondingly adjusting the action of each mechanism.
The stirring mechanism further comprises a first rotating speed sensor, the first rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the stirring blade, whether the real-time rotating speed of the current stirring blade needs to be adjusted or not is judged according to the comparison result of the current rotating speed and the preset rotating speed, when the current stirring rotating speed is smaller than the preset stirring rotating speed interval, the first rotating speed sensor judges that the current stirring rotating speed is smaller than the preset stirring rotating speed interval, the first power device needs to be controlled to improve the stirring rotating speed, when the current stirring rotating speed is in the preset stirring rotating speed interval, the first rotating speed sensor judges that the current stirring rotating speed does not need to be adjusted, when the current stirring rotating speed is larger than the preset stirring rotating speed interval, the first rotating speed sensor judges that the current stirring rotating speed exceeds the preset stirring rotating speed interval, and the first power device needs to be controlled to reduce the stirring rotating speed.
The extrusion mechanism further comprises a second rotational speed sensor, a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor and an extrusion rate sensor, wherein,
the second rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the pushing screw rod, judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current pushing screw rod needs to be adjusted or not according to a comparison result of the current rotating speed and a preset rotating speed, when the current pushing rotating speed is smaller than a preset pushing rotating speed interval, judging that the current pushing rotating speed is lower than a preset rotating speed standard by the second rotating speed sensor, and controlling the second power device to increase the pushing rotating speed;
the first temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling water circulation channel and used for detecting the temperature of cooling water in the cooling water circulation channel and judging whether the real-time temperature of the current cooling water needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature;
the first pressure sensor is arranged in the pushing bin and used for detecting the extrusion pressure of a material mixture in the pushing bin and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current pushing screw rod needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current pressure and the preset pressure;
the extrusion rate sensor is arranged outside a limiting hole with a preset size of an extruder head and used for detecting the rate of a material mixture extruded out of the limiting hole, judging whether the real-time rotating speed of a current pushing screw rod needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current rate and the preset rate, when the current extrusion rate is smaller than the preset extrusion rate interval, judging that the current extrusion rate is lower than the preset extrusion rate interval by the extrusion rate sensor, controlling a second power device to increase the pushing rotating speed, when the current extrusion rate is within the preset extrusion rate interval, judging that the current pushing rotating speed does not need to be adjusted by the extrusion rate sensor, when the current extrusion rate is larger than the preset extrusion rate interval, judging that the current extrusion rate exceeds the preset extrusion rate interval by the extrusion rate sensor, and controlling the second power device to reduce the pushing rotating speed.
The outer side of the extruder head is also provided with a first camera detection sensor which is used for detecting the glossiness of a material mixture extruded by the extruder head by using machine vision, judging whether the real-time temperature of the current material mixture in the material pushing bin needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current glossiness and the preset glossiness, when the current glossiness is smaller than the preset glossiness interval, the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness is lower than the preset glossiness interval, the second heater needs to be controlled to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin, when the current glossiness is in the preset glossiness interval, the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness does not need to be adjusted, when the current glossiness is larger than the preset glossiness interval, the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness exceeds the preset glossiness interval, and the second heater needs to be controlled to decrease the temperature of the material pushing bin.
The heating mechanism further comprises a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor, wherein,
the second temperature sensor is arranged in the material box and used for detecting the temperature of a material mixture in the material box and judging whether the current temperature of the first heater needs to be adjusted or not according to a comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, when the current stirring temperature is smaller than a preset stirring temperature interval, the second temperature sensor judges that the current stirring temperature is lower than the preset stirring temperature interval, the first heater needs to be controlled to increase the stirring temperature, when the current stirring temperature is in the preset stirring temperature interval, the second temperature sensor judges that the current stirring temperature does not need to be adjusted, when the current stirring temperature is larger than the preset stirring temperature interval, the second temperature sensor judges that the current stirring temperature exceeds the preset stirring temperature interval, and the first heater needs to be controlled to reduce the stirring temperature;
the third temperature sensor is arranged inside the material pushing bin and used for detecting the current temperature of the second heater and judging whether the real-time temperature of the second heater needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, when the current material pushing bin temperature is smaller than the preset material pushing bin temperature interval, the third temperature sensor judges that the current material pushing bin temperature is lower than the preset material pushing bin temperature interval, the second heater needs to be controlled to increase the material pushing bin temperature, when the current material pushing bin temperature is within the preset material pushing bin temperature interval, the third temperature sensor judges that the current material pushing bin temperature does not need to be adjusted, and when the current material pushing bin temperature is larger than the preset material pushing bin temperature interval, the third temperature sensor judges that the current material pushing bin temperature exceeds the preset material pushing bin temperature interval, and the second heater needs to be controlled to reduce the material pushing bin temperature.
The cooling mechanism further comprises a second camera detection sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, a fifth temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor, wherein,
the second camera detection sensor is arranged on the air-cooling groove and used for detecting the glossiness of the material mixture on the air-cooling groove by using machine vision, judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current fan needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current glossiness and the preset glossiness, when the current air-cooling glossiness is smaller than the preset air-cooling glossiness interval, the second camera detection sensor judges that the current air-cooling glossiness is lower than the preset air-cooling glossiness interval and needs to control the fan to reduce the current rotating speed, when the current air-cooling glossiness is within the preset air-cooling glossiness interval, the second camera detection sensor judges that the current rotating speed of the fan does not need to be adjusted, and when the current air-cooling glossiness is larger than the preset air-cooling glossiness interval, the second camera detection sensor judges that the current air-cooling glossiness exceeds the preset air-cooling glossiness interval and needs to control the fan to increase the current rotating speed;
the fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the water-cooling groove and used for detecting the temperature of the material mixture on the water-cooling groove and judging whether the real-time temperature of the current water-cooling groove needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature;
the fifth temperature sensor is arranged on the air cooling groove and used for detecting the temperature of the material mixture on the air cooling groove and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current fan needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, when the current air cooling material temperature is smaller than the preset air cooling material temperature interval, the fifth temperature sensor judges that the current air cooling material temperature is lower than the preset air cooling material temperature interval, the fan needs to be controlled to be turned off, when the current air cooling material temperature is within the preset air cooling material temperature interval, the fifth temperature sensor judges that the current rotating speed of the fan does not need to be adjusted, when the current air cooling material temperature is larger than the preset air cooling material temperature interval, the fifth temperature sensor judges that the current air cooling material temperature exceeds the preset air cooling material temperature interval, and the fan needs to be controlled to increase the current rotating speed;
the second pressure sensor is arranged on a cutter of the shearing device and used for detecting shearing pressure when the cutter shears the material mixture, whether the hardness of the current material mixture meets a preset standard or not is judged according to a comparison result of the current pressure and the preset pressure, when the current shearing pressure is smaller than a preset shearing pressure interval, the second pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure is lower than the preset shearing pressure interval, the hardness of the material mixture is lower than the preset hardness standard, when the current shearing pressure is in the preset shearing pressure interval, the second pressure sensor judges that the hardness of the material mixture meets the preset hardness standard, when the current shearing pressure is larger than the preset shearing pressure interval, the second pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure exceeds the preset shearing pressure interval, and the hardness of the material mixture exceeds the preset hardness standard.
Each sensor comprises a first rotating speed sensor, a second rotating speed sensor, an extrusion rate sensor, a first camera detection sensor, a second camera detection sensor, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a fourth temperature sensor and a fifth temperature sensor, a processing chip and a storage unit are respectively arranged in each sensor, preset parameters corresponding to each sensor are preset in the storage unit, the processing chip is used for carrying out comparison operation on the preset parameters corresponding to each sensor and the real-time parameters,
the control mechanism is connected with each sensor and used for collecting the adjusting instruction of each sensor and carrying out secondary correction on the adjusting instruction of each sensor according to the material mixture substance adjusted by each sensor, and the quality of the material mixture comprises extrusion rate, glossiness and hardness;
the control mechanism selects the pushing rotating speed adjusting control of the parameter with the minimum difference value between the current pushing rotating speed and the preset pushing rotating speed, the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure, and the difference value between the current extrusion rate and the preset extrusion rate as the adjusting condition for the control mechanism to secondarily adjust the pushing rotating speed in the adjusting control of the pushing rotating speed,
when the difference value between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed is smaller than the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed, the control mechanism selects a control adjusting mode obtained according to the comparison result between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed as an adjusting mode for secondarily adjusting the material pushing rotating speed by the control mechanism;
when the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure is smaller than the difference value between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed, the control mechanism selects a control adjusting mode obtained according to the comparison result of the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure as an adjusting mode for secondarily adjusting the material pushing rotating speed by the control mechanism;
and when the difference value between the current extrusion rate and the preset extrusion rate is smaller than the difference value between the current pushing rotating speed and the preset pushing rotating speed and the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure, the control mechanism selects a control regulation mode obtained according to the comparison result of the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure as a regulation mode for the control mechanism to regulate the pushing rotating speed secondarily.
The secondary correction of the adjustment instructions of each sensor by the control mechanism according to the extrusion rate of the material mixture comprises,
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor is lower than a preset extrusion rate standard and the current parameters detected by the first speed sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to increase the material pushing rotating speed and controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin until the current extrusion rate meets the preset extrusion rate standard;
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor is lower than a preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor do not meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to stop, controls the second heater to stop, and outputs a prompt that the extruder head is abnormal and needs to be checked;
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor meets a preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor do not meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to stop, controls the second heater to stop, and outputs a prompt that the extruder head is abnormal and needs to be checked.
The control mechanism performs secondary correction on the adjustment instructions of the sensors according to the glossiness of the material mixture,
when the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness is lower than the preset glossiness standard and the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the extrusion rate sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to close the circulation valve and controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin until the current glossiness meets the preset glossiness standard;
when the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness is lower than the preset glossiness standard, the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor meet the parameter standard, and the current parameters detected by the extrusion rate sensor do not meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to close the circulation valve, controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin, controls the first power device to increase the stirring rotating speed, and controls the second power device to reduce the material pushing rotating speed until the current glossiness meets the preset glossiness standard;
when the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness is lower than the preset glossiness standard, and the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor and the extrusion rate sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the stirring mechanism, the heating mechanism and the extrusion mechanism to stop working, and outputs a prompt that the extruded glossiness of the master batch is abnormal and needs to be checked.
The secondary correction of the adjustment instruction of each sensor by the control mechanism according to the hardness of the material mixture comprises,
when the third pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure is lower than the preset shearing pressure standard and the current parameters detected by the first camera detection sensor and the second camera detection sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to close the circulation valve, controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin and controls the second power device to reduce the material pushing rotation speed;
when the third pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure is higher than the preset shearing pressure standard and the current parameters detected by the first camera detection sensor and the second camera detection sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to open the circulation valve, controls the second heater to reduce the temperature of the material pushing bin and controls the second power device to improve the material pushing rotating speed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that firstly, the temperature sensor arranged on the material stirring box can detect the melting state of the material in the current material box in real time, and strictly control the plasticizing quality;
furthermore, the rotating speed sensor arranged on the material stirring box can detect the mixing state of the materials in the current material box in real time, and further control the plasticizing quality;
furthermore, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor arranged on the extrusion mechanism can detect the temperature and the pressure of the current material in the extrusion process in real time, so that the system can control the plasticizing degree of the material in the extrusion process more accurately;
furthermore, the rotating speed sensor arranged on the extrusion mechanism can detect the extrusion speed of the current material in the extrusion process in real time, and can better control the extrusion speed of the material in the extrusion process to be matched with the production progress of the whole master batch according to the current state of the material;
furthermore, the pressure sensor arranged on the extruder head can enable the system to judge the current material plasticizing degree and the blockage degree of the extruder head in real time according to the internal and external pressures of the extruding mechanism, find and solve problems at first time, and reduce economic loss caused by faults or raw material defects;
furthermore, the temperature sensor arranged in the cooling mechanism can better control the cooling effect and the cooling period of the material in the cooling stage, so that the influence of unstable cooling factors on the degradable plastic in the cooling stage is reduced to the minimum, the quality of the degradable plastic in the cooling stage is ensured, the yield is improved, and the economic cost brought by waste products is reduced;
furthermore, the camera detection sensors arranged in the extruder head and the cooling mechanism can intelligently identify materials produced in key processes by using machine vision, so that the traditional situation that high labor cost is caused by manual judgment only according to manual experience and economic loss is caused by manual judgment errors is broken, the degradable plastic is more intelligent and accurate in the production process, the economic cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved;
furthermore, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the grain pressure in the grain cutting process, so that the source property of the degradable plastic can be traced and secondarily adjusted in the production process according to the key quality parameters of the final product, the production intelligence level of the degradable plastic is improved, the yield is improved, and the economic cost is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pelletizing production system for degradable plastics according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an extrusion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-cooling groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-cooling groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a shearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a stirring mechanism 1, an extruding mechanism 2, a water cooling groove 3, an air cooling groove 4, a shearing device 5, a stirring blade 6, a second temperature sensor 7, a first heater 8, a first rotating speed sensor 9, a pushing screw 10, a pushing bin 11, a cooling water circulation channel 12, an extruding machine head 13, a limiting hole 14 of the extruding machine head, a second heater 15, a first camera detection sensor 16, a low-temperature cooling water circulation valve 17, a fourth temperature sensor 18, a fan 19, a second camera detection sensor 20, a cutter 21, a second pressure sensor 22, a second rotating speed sensor 23, a first pressure sensor 24 and a fifth temperature sensor 25.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pelletizing production system of degradable plastics according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a stirring mechanism 1, an extruding mechanism 2, a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism, and a control mechanism, wherein,
the stirring mechanism 1 comprises a material box, a stirring blade 6, a first power device and a first rotating speed sensor 9, the material box is arranged at a feeding port of the extruding mechanism 2 and used for bearing a material mixture, the stirring blade 6 is arranged in the material box and used for stirring the material mixture, the first power device is connected with the stirring blade 6 and used for driving the stirring blade 6 to rotate, and the first rotating speed sensor 9 is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the stirring blade 6 and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current stirring blade 6 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current rotating speed and a preset rotating speed;
the extruding mechanism 2 comprises a material pushing screw device, a second power device, a second rotating speed sensor 23, a first temperature sensor, an extruding machine head 13, a first pressure sensor 24 and an extruding speed sensor, wherein the material pushing screw device comprises a cooling water circulation channel 12, a material pushing screw 10 and a material pushing bin 11 corresponding to the material pushing screw, the cooling water circulation channel 12 is arranged inside the material pushing screw 10 and used for cooling a material mixture, the material pushing screw device is used for enabling the material mixture to generate displacement under preset pressure, the second power device is connected with the material pushing screw 10 and used for driving the material pushing screw 10 to rotate, the second rotating speed sensor 23 is arranged on the material pushing screw 10 and used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the material pushing screw 10 and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current material pushing screw 10 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current rotating speed and the preset rotating speed, the first temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling water circulation channel 12 and used for detecting the temperature of cooling water in the cooling water circulation channel 12 and judging whether the real-time temperature of the current cooling water needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, the extruding machine head 13 is arranged at the discharge hole of the extruding mechanism 2 and used for limiting the diameter of a material mixture extruded out of the extruding mechanism 2 by a preset size, the first pressure sensor 24 is arranged in the material pushing bin 11 and used for detecting the extrusion pressure of the material mixture in the material pushing bin 11 and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the material pushing screw 10 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current pressure and the preset pressure, the extruding speed sensor is arranged outside the limiting hole 14 with the preset size of the extruding machine head 13 and used for detecting the speed of the material mixture extruded out of the limiting hole 14, judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current pushing screw 10 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current speed and the preset speed;
a first camera detection sensor 16 is further arranged outside the extruder head 13 and used for detecting the glossiness of the material mixture extruded by the extruder head 13 by using machine vision and judging whether the real-time temperature of the current material mixture in the material pushing bin 11 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current glossiness and the preset glossiness;
the heating mechanism is respectively arranged outside the material box and the extrusion mechanism 2 and used for heating a material mixture inside the material box and the extrusion mechanism 2, the heating mechanism comprises a first heater 8, a second heater 15, a second temperature sensor 7 and a third temperature sensor, the heating mechanism is used for converting electric energy into heat energy, the first heater 8 is arranged outside the material box, the second heater 15 is arranged outside the extrusion mechanism 2, the second temperature sensor 7 is arranged inside the material box and used for detecting the temperature of the material mixture in the material box and judging whether the current temperature of the first heater 8 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, and the third temperature sensor is arranged inside the material pushing bin 11 and used for detecting the current temperature of the second heater 15 and judging whether the real-time temperature of the second heater 15 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature;
the cooling mechanism comprises a water cooling groove 3, an air cooling groove 4, a conveying device, a second camera detection sensor 20, a fourth temperature sensor 18, a fifth temperature sensor 25, a shearing device 5 and a second pressure sensor 22, the water cooling groove 3 is connected with the extruder head 13 and is provided with a low-temperature cooling water circulation valve 17 for carrying out immersion cooling of a preset temperature on a material mixture extruded out of the extruder head 13, the air cooling groove 4 is connected with the water cooling groove 3, the air cooling groove 4 is provided with a plurality of fans 19 for carrying out air drying and cooling of the preset temperature on the material mixture subjected to immersion cooling, the conveying device is arranged on the water cooling groove 3 and the air cooling groove 4 for driving the material mixture on the water cooling groove 3 and the air cooling groove 4 to displace in a preset direction and at a preset speed, the second camera detection sensor 20 is arranged on the air cooling groove 4 for detecting the glossiness of the material mixture on the air cooling groove 4 by machine vision, and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current fan 19 needs to be adjusted according to the comparison result of the current glossiness and the preset temperature, the fourth temperature sensor 18 is arranged on the water cooling groove 3 for judging whether the current rotating speed of the material mixture on the water cooling groove 3 and the air cooling groove 4 and judging whether the current temperature of the material mixture subjected to be adjusted according to the comparison result of the preset temperature detection, and the current temperature detection result of the preset temperature detection groove 4, and judging whether the current temperature detection of the current temperature detection groove 4, and the current temperature detection of the air cooling groove 3, and the temperature detection device is judged according to the current temperature detection result of the preset temperature detection of the temperature detection groove 4, and the temperature detection device, and judging whether the current temperature detection of the temperature detection groove 4, and the current temperature detection device, and the temperature detection of the temperature detection device for judging whether the temperature detection of the temperature detection groove 4, and judging whether the temperature detection device 4, and judging whether the temperature detection of the temperature detection device, the second pressure sensor 22 is arranged on the cutting knife 21 of the shearing device 5 and used for detecting the shearing pressure when the cutting knife 21 shears the material mixture and judging whether the hardness of the current material mixture meets the preset standard or not according to the comparison result of the current pressure and the preset pressure;
each sensor comprises a first rotating speed sensor, a second rotating speed sensor, an extrusion rate sensor, a first camera detection sensor, a second camera detection sensor, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a fourth temperature sensor and a fifth temperature sensor, a processing chip and a storage unit are respectively arranged in each sensor, preset parameters corresponding to each sensor are preset in the storage unit, the processing chip is used for carrying out comparison operation on the preset parameters corresponding to each sensor and the real-time parameters,
the control mechanism comprises a central processing unit, the central processing unit is connected with each sensor and used for collecting the adjusting instruction of each sensor and carrying out secondary correction on the adjusting instruction of each sensor according to the material mixture object adjusted by each sensor, and the quality of the material mixture comprises extrusion rate, glossiness and hardness;
in this embodiment, the power sources of the first power device, the second power device and the transmission device may be servo motors, stepping motors, linear motors, as long as the requirements on the power sources in this embodiment can be met, and will not be described again.
In this embodiment, each of the sensors is provided with a processing chip and a storage unit, the storage unit is preset with preset parameters corresponding to each of the sensors, and the processing chip is configured to perform comparison operation on the preset parameters corresponding to each of the sensors and the real-time parameters.
In the embodiment, the lengths of the water cooling groove 3 and the air cooling groove 4 are set according to the requirement of the formula of the material mixture.
In the stirring mechanism 1, a first rotating speed sensor 9 is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the stirring blade 6, and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the stirring blade 6 needs to be adjusted according to the comparison result of the current rotating speed and a preset rotating speed, wherein the current stirring rotating speed is set as SS0, the preset stirring rotating speed SS comprises SS1 and SS2, SS1 is less than SS2,
when SS0 is less than SS1, the first rotating speed sensor 9 judges that the current stirring rotating speed is lower than a preset rotating speed standard, and needs to control the first power device to increase the stirring rotating speed;
when SS1 is not less than SS0 and not more than SS2, the first rotating speed sensor 9 judges that the current stirring rotating speed meets the preset rotating speed standard, and the current stirring rotating speed does not need to be adjusted;
when SS0 is larger than SS2, the first rotating speed sensor 9 judges that the current stirring rotating speed does not accord with the preset rotating speed standard, and needs to control the first power device to reduce the stirring rotating speed;
in the extrusion mechanism 2, the second rotation speed sensor 23 is configured to detect the real-time rotation speed of the pushing screw 10, and determine whether the real-time rotation speed of the pushing screw 10 needs to be adjusted according to a comparison result between the current rotation speed and a preset rotation speed, where the current pushing rotation speed is PS0, the preset pushing rotation speed PS includes PS1 and PS2, and PS1 is less than PS2,
when PS0 is less than PS1, the second rotating speed sensor 23 judges that the current material pushing rotating speed is lower than a preset rotating speed standard, and needs to control the second power device to increase the material pushing rotating speed;
when PS1 is not less than PS0 and not more than PS2, the second rotating speed sensor 23 judges that the current pushing rotating speed meets the preset rotating speed standard, and the current pushing rotating speed does not need to be adjusted;
when PS0 is greater than PS2, the second rotating speed sensor 23 judges that the current material pushing rotating speed does not accord with the preset rotating speed standard, and needs to control the second power device to reduce the material pushing rotating speed;
in the extruding mechanism 2, a first temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling water circulation channel 12 for detecting the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling water circulation channel 12, and determining whether the real-time temperature of the current cooling water needs to be adjusted according to the comparison result of the current temperature and a preset temperature, wherein the current temperature of the cooling water is CWT0, the preset cooling water temperature CWT comprises CWT1 and CWT2, CWT1 < CWT2,
when CWT0 is smaller than CWT1, the first temperature sensor judges that the current temperature of the cooling water is lower than a preset temperature standard, the current temperature of the cooling water needs to be adjusted, and the cooling water circulation channel 12 is controlled to close a circulation valve;
when the CWT1 is not less than or equal to the CWT0 and not more than the CWT2, the first temperature sensor judges that the current temperature of the cooling water meets a preset temperature standard, and the current temperature of the cooling water does not need to be adjusted;
when CWT0 is larger than CWT2, the first temperature sensor judges that the current temperature of the cooling water does not meet a preset temperature standard, the current temperature of the cooling water needs to be adjusted, and the cooling water circulation channel 12 is controlled to open a circulation valve;
in this embodiment, the circulation valve of the cooling water circulation passage is connected to the low-temperature cooling water, and the temperature of the cooling water in the circulation passage 12 is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the circulation valve.
In the extruding mechanism 2, a first pressure sensor 24 is arranged in the material pushing bin 11 and is used for detecting the extruding pressure of the material mixture in the material pushing bin 11 and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current material pushing screw 10 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current pressure and the preset pressure, wherein the current extruding pressure is set to be EP0, the preset extruding pressure EP comprises EP1 and EP2, EP1 is less than EP2,
when EP0 is less than EP1, the first pressure sensor 24 judges that the current extrusion pressure is lower than a preset pressure standard, and needs to control the second power device to increase the material pushing rotating speed;
when EP1 is not less than EP0 and not more than EP2, the first pressure sensor 24 judges that the current extrusion pressure meets the preset pressure standard, and the current material pushing rotating speed does not need to be adjusted;
when EP0 is greater than EP2, the first pressure sensor 24 judges that the current extrusion pressure does not meet the preset pressure standard, and the second power device is controlled to reduce the material pushing rotating speed;
in the extrusion mechanism 2, an extrusion rate sensor is arranged outside a limiting hole 14 with a preset size of an extrusion machine head 13 and is used for detecting the rate of the material mixture extruded out of the limiting hole 14 and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current pushing screw 10 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current rate and the preset rate, wherein the current extrusion rate is set to RE0, the preset extrusion rate RE comprises RE1 and RE2, RE1 is less than RE2,
when RE0 is less than RE1, the extrusion rate sensor judges that the current extrusion rate is lower than a preset extrusion rate standard, and a second power device needs to be controlled to increase the material pushing rotating speed;
when RE1 is larger than or equal to RE0 and smaller than or equal to RE2, the extrusion rate sensor judges that the current extrusion rate meets the preset extrusion rate standard, and the current material pushing rotating speed does not need to be adjusted;
when RE0 is larger than RE2, the extrusion rate sensor judges that the current extrusion rate does not meet the preset extrusion rate standard, and a second power device is required to be controlled to reduce the material pushing rotating speed;
the control mechanism selects the pushing material rotating speed adjusting control of the parameter with the minimum difference value between the current pushing material rotating speed and the preset pushing material rotating speed, the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed as the adjusting condition for the control mechanism to secondarily adjust the pushing material rotating speed in the adjusting control of the pushing material rotating speed,
when the difference value between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed is smaller than the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed, the control mechanism selects a control adjusting mode obtained according to the comparison result between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed as an adjusting mode for secondarily adjusting the material pushing rotating speed by the control mechanism;
when the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure is smaller than the difference value between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed, the control mechanism selects a control adjusting mode obtained according to the comparison result of the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure as an adjusting mode for secondarily adjusting the material pushing rotating speed by the control mechanism;
and when the difference value between the current extrusion rate and the preset extrusion rate is smaller than the difference value between the current pushing rotating speed and the preset pushing rotating speed and the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure, the control mechanism selects a control regulation mode obtained according to the comparison result of the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure as a regulation mode for the control mechanism to regulate the pushing rotating speed secondarily.
A first camera detection sensor 16 is further disposed outside the extruder head 13, and is configured to detect the glossiness of the material mixture extruded by the extruder head 13 by using machine vision, and determine whether the real-time temperature of the current material mixture in the material-pushing bin 11 needs to be adjusted according to a comparison result between the current glossiness and a preset glossiness, where the current glossiness is GI0, the preset glossiness GI includes GI1 and GI2, GI1 is less than GI2,
when GI0 is less than GI1, the first camera detection sensor 16 judges that the current glossiness is lower than a preset glossiness standard, and the second heater 15 is required to be controlled to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin 11;
when GI1 is less than or equal to GI0 and less than or equal to GI2, the first camera detection sensor 16 judges that the current glossiness meets the preset glossiness standard, and the temperature of the current material pushing bin 11 does not need to be adjusted;
when GI0 is larger than GI2, the first camera detection sensor 16 judges that the current glossiness does not accord with the preset glossiness standard, and the second heater 15 is controlled to reduce the temperature of the material pushing cabin 11;
in the heating mechanism, a second temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the material tank and used for detecting the temperature of a material mixture in the material tank and judging whether the current temperature of a first heater 8 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and a preset temperature, wherein the current stirring temperature is set to be MT0, the preset stirring temperature MT comprises MT1 and MT2, MT1 is less than MT2,
when MT0 is less than MT1, the second temperature sensor 7 judges that the current stirring temperature is lower than a preset stirring temperature standard, and the first heater 8 needs to be controlled to increase the stirring temperature;
when MT1 is not less than MT0 and not more than MT2, the second temperature sensor 7 judges that the current stirring temperature meets the preset stirring temperature standard, and the current stirring temperature does not need to be adjusted;
when MT0 is larger than MT2, the second temperature sensor 7 judges that the current stirring temperature does not accord with the preset stirring temperature standard, and the first heater 8 is required to be controlled to reduce the stirring temperature;
in the heating mechanism, a third temperature sensor is arranged inside the material pushing bin 11 and used for detecting the current temperature of the second heater 15 and judging whether the real-time temperature of the second heater 15 needs to be adjusted according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, wherein the current material pushing bin temperature is PB0, the preset material pushing bin temperature PB comprises PB1 and PB2, PB1 is less than PB2,
when PB0 is smaller than PB1, the third temperature sensor judges that the temperature of the current material pushing bin is lower than a preset material pushing bin temperature standard, and the second heater 15 needs to be controlled to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin;
when the PB1 is not less than PB0 and not more than PB2, the third temperature sensor judges that the temperature of the current material pushing bin meets the preset material pushing bin temperature standard, and the temperature of the current material pushing bin does not need to be adjusted;
when PB0 is larger than PB2, the third temperature sensor judges that the current temperature of the material pushing bin does not accord with the preset temperature standard of the material pushing bin, and the second heater 15 needs to be controlled to reduce the temperature of the material pushing bin;
in the cooling mechanism, a second camera detection sensor 20 is arranged on the air cooling groove 4 and is used for detecting the glossiness of the material mixture on the air cooling groove 4 by using machine vision, and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current fan 19 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current air cooling glossiness and the preset air cooling glossiness, wherein the current air cooling glossiness is CGI0, the preset air cooling glossiness CGI comprises CGI1 and CGI2, CGI1 is less than CGI2,
when the CGI0 is less than the CGI1, the second camera detection sensor 20 judges that the current air-cooled glossiness is lower than a preset air-cooled glossiness standard, and the fan 19 needs to be controlled to reduce the current rotating speed;
when the CGI1 is not less than the CGI0 and not more than the CGI2, the second camera detection sensor 20 judges that the current air-cooled glossiness meets a preset air-cooled glossiness standard, and the rotating speed of the current fan 19 does not need to be adjusted;
when the CGI0 is greater than the CGI2, the second camera detection sensor 20 determines that the current air-cooled glossiness does not meet the preset air-cooled glossiness standard, and the fan 19 needs to be controlled to increase the current rotating speed;
in this embodiment, when the cooling water on the strip-shaped material mixture is not completely air-dried, the water drops or/and the water surface on the cooling water are in an abnormal high brightness in the image shot by the camera under the condition of light irradiation, which results in the glossiness of the strip-shaped material mixture being higher than that of the strip-shaped material mixture when the cooling water is completely air-dried, and therefore, when the second camera detection sensor 20 detects that the glossiness of the strip-shaped material mixture is higher than the preset glossiness level, it indicates that the surface of the strip-shaped material mixture is not completely air-dried.
In the cooling mechanism, fourth temperature sensors 18 are respectively arranged on the water-cooling grooves 3 and used for detecting the temperature of the material mixture on the water-cooling grooves 3 and judging whether the current real-time temperature of the water-cooling grooves 3 needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the real-time temperature and the preset temperature, wherein the current material water-cooling temperature is set to be WMT0, the preset material water-cooling temperature WMT comprises WMT1 and WMT2, WMT1 is less than WMT2,
when WMT0 is less than WMT1, the fourth temperature sensor 18 judges that the temperature of the material mixture on the water-cooling groove 3 is lower than the preset material water-cooling temperature standard, and the water-cooling groove 3 needs to be controlled to close the low-temperature cooling water circulation valve 17;
when the WMT1 is not less than WMT0 and not more than WMT2, the fourth temperature sensor 18 judges that the temperature of the material mixture on the current water-cooling groove 3 meets the preset material water-cooling temperature standard, and the temperature of the current water-cooling groove 3 does not need to be adjusted;
when WMT0 is larger than WMT2, the fourth temperature sensor 18 judges that the temperature of the material mixture on the water-cooling groove 3 does not meet the preset material water-cooling temperature standard, and the water-cooling groove 3 needs to be controlled to open the low-temperature cooling water circulation valve 17;
in this embodiment, the low-temperature cooling water circulation valve 17 is connected to the low-temperature cooling water, and controls the temperature of the cooling water in the water-cooling groove 3 by controlling the opening and closing of the circulation valve.
In the cooling mechanism, a fifth temperature sensor 25 is arranged on the air cooling groove 4 and is used for detecting the temperature of the material mixture on the air cooling groove 4 and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current fan 19 needs to be adjusted according to the comparison result of the real-time temperature and the preset temperature, wherein the current material air cooling temperature is set as FMT0, the preset material air cooling temperature FMT comprises FMT1 and FMT2, FMT1 is less than FMT2,
when the FMT0 is smaller than the FMT1, the fifth temperature sensor 25 judges that the temperature of the material mixture on the current air-cooling groove 4 is lower than a preset material air-cooling temperature standard, and the fan 19 needs to be controlled to be turned off;
when the FMT1 is not less than FMT0 is not less than FMT2, the fifth temperature sensor 25 judges that the temperature of the material mixture on the current air-cooling groove 4 meets the preset material air-cooling temperature standard, and the rotating speed of the current fan 19 does not need to be adjusted;
when FMT0 is larger than FMT2, the fifth temperature sensor 25 judges that the temperature of the material mixture on the current air-cooled groove 4 does not meet the preset material air-cooled temperature standard, and the fan 19 needs to be controlled to increase the current rotating speed;
in the cooling mechanism, a second pressure sensor 22 is arranged on a cutter 21 of the shearing device 5 and is used for detecting the shearing pressure when the cutter 21 shears the material mixture and judging whether the hardness of the current material mixture meets a preset standard or not according to the comparison result of the real-time pressure and the preset pressure, wherein the current shearing pressure is set to be SP0, the preset shearing pressure SP comprises SP1 and SP2, SP1 is less than SP2,
when SP0 is less than SP1, the second pressure sensor 22 judges that the current shearing pressure is lower than a preset shearing pressure standard, and the hardness of the material mixture is lower than a preset hardness standard;
when SP1 is not less than SP0 and not more than SP2, the second pressure sensor 22 judges that the current shearing pressure meets the preset shearing pressure standard, and the hardness of the material mixture meets the preset hardness standard;
when SP0 is larger than SP2, the second pressure sensor 22 judges that the current shearing pressure does not meet the preset shearing pressure standard, and the hardness of the material mixture exceeds the preset hardness standard;
the control mechanism comprises a central processing unit which is connected with each sensor and used for collecting the adjusting instruction of each sensor and secondarily correcting the adjusting instruction of each sensor according to the material mixture object adjusted by each sensor, wherein the material mixture quality comprises extrusion rate, glossiness and hardness, the control mechanism secondarily corrects the adjusting instruction of each sensor according to the extrusion rate of the material mixture,
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor is lower than a preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor 9, the first pressure sensor 24 and the second temperature sensor 7 meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to increase the material pushing rotating speed, and controls the second heater 15 to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin 11 until the current extrusion rate meets the preset extrusion rate standard, at this time, the situation that the material mixture is heated unevenly possibly exists, and the material plasticizing degree is low;
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor is lower than a preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor 9, the first pressure sensor 24 and the second temperature sensor 7 do not meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to stop, controls the second heater 15 to stop, and outputs a prompt that the extruder head 13 is abnormal and needs to be checked, and at the moment, the extruder head 13 may be blocked due to the condition of low material plasticizing degree;
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor meets the preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor 9, the first pressure sensor 24 and the second temperature sensor 7 do not meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to stop, controls the second heater 15 to stop, and outputs a prompt that the extruder head 13 is abnormal and needs to be checked, and at the moment, the extruder head 13 may be blocked due to the condition of low material plasticizing degree.
The control mechanism performs secondary correction on the adjustment instructions of the sensors according to the glossiness of the material mixture,
when the first camera detection sensor 16 judges that the current glossiness is lower than the preset glossiness standard, and the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the extrusion rate sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel 12 to close the circulation valve, and controls the second heater 15 to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin 11 until the current glossiness meets the preset glossiness standard, and at the moment, the situation that the surface glossiness is reduced due to poor plasticization of the material mixture possibly exists;
when the first camera detection sensor 16 judges that the current glossiness is lower than the preset glossiness standard, the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor 24 meet the parameter standard, and the current parameters detected by the extrusion rate sensor do not meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel 12 to close the circulation valve, controls the second heater 15 to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin 11, controls the first power device to increase the stirring rotating speed, and controls the second power device to reduce the material pushing rotating speed until the current glossiness meets the preset glossiness standard, and at this moment, the material mixture possibly has the condition of surface glossiness reduction caused by poor plasticization;
when the first camera detection sensor 16 determines that the current glossiness is lower than the preset glossiness standard, and the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor 24 and the extrusion rate sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the stirring mechanism 1, the heating mechanism and the extrusion mechanism 2 to stop working, and outputs a prompt that the glossiness abnormality of the extruded master batch needs to be checked.
The secondary correction of the adjustment instruction of each sensor by the control mechanism according to the hardness of the material mixture comprises,
when the third pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure is lower than the preset shearing pressure standard and the current parameters detected by the first camera detection sensor 16 and the second camera detection sensor 20 meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel 12 to close the circulation valve, controls the second heater 15 to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin 11, and controls the second power device to reduce the material pushing rotating speed, at this time, the material mixture may have the conditions of overhigh temperature and overweight material coking;
when the third pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure is higher than the preset shearing pressure standard and the current parameters detected by the first camera detection sensor 16 and the second camera detection sensor 20 meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel 12 to open the circulation valve, controls the second heater 15 to reduce the temperature of the material pushing bin 11, and controls the second power device to increase the material pushing rotating speed, at the moment, the material mixture possibly has the condition of over-low temperature, and the material is half-cooked and crisp.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can be within the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A granulation production system of degradable plastics is characterized by comprising a stirring mechanism, an extruding mechanism, a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein,
the stirring mechanism comprises a material box, a stirring blade and a first power device, the material box is arranged at a feed inlet of the extrusion mechanism and used for bearing a material mixture, the stirring blade is arranged in the material box and used for stirring the material mixture, and the first power device is connected with the stirring blade and used for driving the stirring blade to rotate;
the extruding mechanism comprises a material pushing screw device, a second power device and an extruding machine head, the material pushing screw device comprises a cooling water circulation channel, a material pushing screw and a material pushing bin corresponding to the material pushing screw, the cooling water circulation channel is arranged inside the material pushing screw and used for cooling a material mixture, the material pushing screw device is used for enabling the material mixture to generate displacement under a preset pressure, the second power device is connected with the material pushing screw and used for driving the material pushing screw to rotate, and the extruding machine head is arranged at a discharge port of the extruding mechanism and used for limiting the diameter of the material mixture extruded out of the extruding mechanism by a preset size;
the heating mechanism is respectively arranged outside the material box and the extrusion mechanism and used for heating a material mixture in the material box and the extrusion mechanism, the heating mechanism comprises a first heater and a second heater, the first heater is arranged outside the material box, the second heater is arranged outside the extrusion mechanism, and the heating mechanism is used for converting electric energy into heat energy;
the cooling mechanism comprises a water cooling groove, an air cooling groove, a conveying device and a shearing device, the water cooling groove is connected with the extruder head and is provided with a low-temperature cooling water circulation valve, the low-temperature cooling water circulation valve is used for carrying out soaking cooling at a preset temperature on a material mixture extruded out of the extruder head, the air cooling groove is connected with the water cooling groove, the air cooling groove is provided with a plurality of fans for carrying out air drying and cooling at the preset temperature on the material mixture subjected to soaking cooling, the conveying device is arranged on the water cooling groove and the air cooling groove and is used for driving the material mixture on the water cooling groove and the air cooling groove to carry out displacement in a preset direction and speed, and the shearing device is arranged at the tail end of the air cooling groove and is used for carrying out grain cutting operation on the material mixture at the preset temperature and the preset drying degree;
the control mechanism comprises a central processing unit which is used for carrying out corresponding secondary adjustment on the action of each mechanism.
2. The granulation production system of degradable plastics according to claim 1, wherein the stirring mechanism further comprises a first rotation speed sensor, the first rotation speed sensor is configured to detect a real-time rotation speed of the stirring blade, and determine whether the real-time rotation speed of the current stirring blade needs to be adjusted according to a comparison result between the current rotation speed and a preset rotation speed, when the current stirring rotation speed is less than a preset stirring rotation speed interval, the first rotation speed sensor determines that the current stirring rotation speed is less than the preset stirring rotation speed interval, the first power device needs to be controlled to increase the stirring rotation speed, when the current stirring rotation speed is within the preset stirring rotation speed interval, the first rotation speed sensor determines that the current stirring rotation speed is not required to be adjusted, and when the current stirring rotation speed is greater than the preset stirring rotation speed interval, the first rotation speed sensor determines that the current stirring rotation speed exceeds the preset stirring rotation speed interval, and the first power device needs to be controlled to decrease the stirring rotation speed.
3. The pelletizing production system of degradable plastics according to claim 2, characterized in that the extrusion mechanism further comprises a second rotation speed sensor, a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor and an extrusion rate sensor, wherein,
the second rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the real-time rotating speed of the pushing screw rod, judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the current pushing screw rod needs to be adjusted or not according to a comparison result of the current pushing rotating speed and a preset pushing rotating speed, when the current pushing rotating speed is smaller than a preset pushing rotating speed interval, judging that the current pushing rotating speed is lower than a preset rotating speed standard by the second rotating speed sensor, controlling the second power device to increase the pushing rotating speed, when the current pushing rotating speed is within the preset pushing rotating speed interval, judging that the current pushing rotating speed does not need to be adjusted by the second rotating speed sensor, when the current pushing rotating speed is larger than the preset pushing rotating speed interval, judging that the current pushing rotating speed is higher than the preset pushing rotating speed interval by the second rotating speed sensor, and controlling the second power device to reduce the stirring rotating speed;
the first temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling water circulation channel and used for detecting the temperature of cooling water in the cooling water circulation channel and judging whether the real-time temperature of the current cooling water needs to be adjusted or not according to a comparison result of the current temperature and a preset temperature;
the first pressure sensor is arranged in the material pushing bin and used for detecting the extrusion pressure of a material mixture in the material pushing bin and judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the material pushing screw rod needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure;
the extrusion rate sensor is arranged outside a limiting hole with a preset size of the extruder head and used for detecting the rate of a material mixture extruded out of the limiting hole, judging whether the real-time rotating speed of the material pushing screw rod needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current extrusion rate and the preset extrusion rate, when the current extrusion rate is smaller than the preset extrusion rate interval, the current extrusion rate is judged to be lower than the preset extrusion rate interval by the extrusion rate sensor, the second power device needs to be controlled to increase the material pushing rotating speed, when the current extrusion rate is within the preset extrusion rate interval, the current material pushing rotating speed does not need to be adjusted by the extrusion rate sensor, when the current extrusion rate is larger than the preset extrusion rate interval, the current extrusion rate is judged to be higher than the preset extrusion rate interval by the extrusion rate sensor, and the second power device needs to be controlled to decrease the material pushing rotating speed.
4. The pelletizing production system of degradable plastics according to claim 3, wherein a first camera detection sensor is further disposed outside the extruder head, and is configured to detect the gloss of the material mixture extruded by the extruder head by using machine vision, and determine whether the real-time temperature of the current material mixture in the material pushing bin needs to be adjusted according to a comparison result between the current gloss and the preset gloss, when the current gloss is smaller than the preset gloss, the first camera detection sensor determines that the current gloss is lower than the preset gloss, the second heater needs to be controlled to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin, when the current gloss is within the preset gloss, the first camera detection sensor determines that the current gloss does not need to be adjusted, when the current gloss is greater than the preset gloss, the first camera detection sensor determines that the current gloss exceeds the preset gloss, and the second heater needs to be controlled to decrease the temperature of the material pushing bin.
5. The pelletizing production system of degradable plastics according to claim 4, characterized in that, the heating mechanism further comprises a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor, wherein,
the second temperature sensor is arranged in the material box and used for detecting the temperature of a material mixture in the material box and judging whether the current temperature of the first heater needs to be adjusted or not according to a comparison result of the current stirring temperature and the preset stirring temperature, when the current stirring temperature is smaller than the preset stirring temperature interval, the second temperature sensor judges that the current stirring temperature is lower than the preset stirring temperature interval, the first heater needs to be controlled to increase the stirring temperature, when the current stirring temperature is in the preset stirring temperature interval, the second temperature sensor judges that the current stirring temperature does not need to be adjusted, when the current stirring temperature is larger than the preset stirring temperature interval, the second temperature sensor judges that the current stirring temperature exceeds the preset stirring temperature interval, and the first heater needs to be controlled to reduce the stirring temperature;
the third temperature sensor is arranged in the pushing bin and used for detecting the current temperature of the second heater, judging whether the real-time temperature of the second heater needs to be adjusted according to the comparison result of the current temperature of the pushing bin and the preset temperature of the pushing bin, when the current temperature of the pushing bin is smaller than the preset temperature interval of the pushing bin, judging that the current temperature of the pushing bin is lower than the preset temperature interval of the pushing bin by the third temperature sensor, controlling the second heater to increase the temperature of the pushing bin, when the current temperature of the pushing bin is within the preset temperature interval of the pushing bin, judging that the current temperature of the pushing bin does not need to be adjusted by the third temperature sensor, when the current temperature of the pushing bin is larger than the preset temperature interval of the pushing bin, judging that the current temperature of the pushing bin exceeds the preset temperature interval of the pushing bin by the third temperature sensor, and controlling the second heater to reduce the temperature of the pushing bin.
6. The pelletizing production system of degradable plastics according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling mechanism further comprises a second camera detection sensor, a fourth temperature sensor, a fifth temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor, wherein,
the second camera detection sensor is arranged on the air-cooling groove and used for detecting the glossiness of the material mixture on the air-cooling groove by using machine vision and judging whether the current rotating speed of the fan needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current glossiness and the preset glossiness, when the current air-cooling glossiness is smaller than the preset air-cooling glossiness interval, the second camera detection sensor judges that the current air-cooling glossiness is lower than the preset air-cooling glossiness interval and needs to control the fan to reduce the current rotating speed, when the current air-cooling glossiness is within the preset air-cooling glossiness interval, the second camera detection sensor judges that the current rotating speed of the fan does not need to be adjusted, and when the current air-cooling glossiness is larger than the preset air-cooling glossiness interval, the second camera detection sensor judges that the current air-cooling glossiness exceeds the preset air-cooling glossiness interval and needs to control the fan to improve the current rotating speed;
the fourth temperature sensor is arranged on the water-cooling groove and used for detecting the temperature of the material mixture on the water-cooling groove and judging whether the real-time temperature of the current water-cooling groove needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, when the current temperature of the water-cooling material is smaller than the preset temperature range of the water-cooling material, the fourth temperature sensor judges that the current temperature of the water-cooling material is lower than the preset temperature range of the water-cooling material, the water-cooling groove needs to be controlled to close the low-temperature cooling water circulation valve, when the current temperature of the water-cooling material is within the preset temperature range of the water-cooling material, the fourth temperature sensor judges that the current temperature of the water-cooling groove does not need to be adjusted, and when the current temperature of the water-cooling material is higher than the preset temperature range of the water-cooling material, the fourth temperature sensor judges that the current temperature of the water-cooling material exceeds the preset temperature range of the water-cooling material, and the water-cooling groove needs to be controlled to open the low-temperature cooling water circulation valve;
the fifth temperature sensor is arranged on the air-cooling groove and used for detecting the temperature of the material mixture on the air-cooling groove and judging whether the current rotating speed of the fan needs to be adjusted or not according to the comparison result of the current temperature and the preset temperature, when the current air-cooling material temperature is smaller than the preset air-cooling material temperature interval, the fifth temperature sensor judges that the current air-cooling material temperature is lower than the preset air-cooling material temperature interval and needs to control the fan to be turned off, when the current air-cooling material temperature is within the preset air-cooling material temperature interval, the fifth temperature sensor judges that the current rotating speed of the fan does not need to be adjusted, and when the current air-cooling material temperature is larger than the preset air-cooling material temperature interval, the fifth temperature sensor judges that the current air-cooling material temperature exceeds the preset air-cooling material temperature interval and needs to control the fan to increase the current rotating speed;
the second pressure sensor is arranged on a cutter of the shearing device and used for detecting shearing pressure when the cutter shears the material mixture, judging whether the hardness of the current material mixture meets a preset standard or not according to a comparison result of the current pressure and the preset pressure, when the current shearing pressure is smaller than a preset shearing pressure interval, judging that the current shearing pressure is lower than the preset shearing pressure interval and the hardness of the material mixture is lower than the preset hardness standard by the second pressure sensor, when the current shearing pressure is in the preset shearing pressure interval, judging that the hardness of the material mixture meets the preset hardness standard by the second pressure sensor, and when the current shearing pressure is larger than the preset shearing pressure interval, judging that the current shearing pressure exceeds the preset shearing pressure interval by the second pressure sensor and the hardness of the material mixture exceeds the preset hardness standard.
7. The granulation production system of degradable plastics according to claim 6, wherein each sensor comprises a first rotation speed sensor, a second rotation speed sensor, an extrusion rate sensor, a first camera detection sensor, a second camera detection sensor, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a fourth temperature sensor and a fifth temperature sensor, a processing chip and a storage unit are respectively arranged in each sensor, preset parameters corresponding to each sensor are preset in the storage unit, the processing chip is used for comparing the preset parameters corresponding to each sensor with real-time parameters,
the control mechanism is connected with the sensors and used for collecting the adjusting instructions of the sensors and carrying out secondary adjustment on the adjusting instructions of the sensors according to the material mixture substance adjusted by the sensors, and the quality of the material mixture comprises extrusion rate, glossiness and hardness;
the control mechanism selects the pushing material rotating speed adjusting control of the parameter with the minimum difference value between the current pushing material rotating speed and the preset pushing material rotating speed, the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed as the adjusting condition for the control mechanism to secondarily adjust the pushing material rotating speed in the adjusting control of the pushing material rotating speed,
when the difference value between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed is smaller than the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed, the control mechanism selects a control adjusting mode obtained according to the comparison result between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed as an adjusting mode for secondarily adjusting the material pushing rotating speed by the control mechanism;
when the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure is smaller than the difference value between the current material pushing rotating speed and the preset material pushing rotating speed and the difference value between the current extrusion speed and the preset extrusion speed, the control mechanism selects a control adjusting mode obtained according to the comparison result of the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure as an adjusting mode for secondarily adjusting the material pushing rotating speed by the control mechanism;
and when the difference value between the current extrusion rate and the preset extrusion rate is smaller than the difference value between the current pushing rotating speed and the preset pushing rotating speed and the difference value between the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure, the control mechanism selects a control regulation mode obtained according to the comparison result of the current extrusion pressure and the preset extrusion pressure as a regulation mode for the control mechanism to regulate the pushing rotating speed secondarily.
8. The pelletizing production system of degradable plastics according to claim 7, characterized in that the secondary adjustment of the adjustment command of each sensor by the control mechanism according to the extrusion rate of the material mixture comprises,
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor is lower than a preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to increase the material pushing rotating speed and controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin until the current extrusion rate meets the preset extrusion rate standard;
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor is lower than a preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor do not meet the parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the second power device to stop, controls the second heater to stop, and outputs a prompt that the extruder head is abnormal and needs to be checked;
when the current extrusion rate detected by the extrusion rate sensor meets a preset extrusion rate standard, and the current parameters detected by the first rotating speed sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second temperature sensor do not meet parameter standards, the control mechanism controls the second power device to stop, controls the second heater to stop, and outputs a prompt that the extruder head is abnormal and needs to be checked.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the secondary adjustment of the adjustment commands of the sensors by the control mechanism according to the gloss of the material mixture comprises,
when the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness is lower than a preset glossiness standard, and the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the extrusion rate sensor meet parameter standards, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to close a circulation valve, and controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin until the current glossiness meets the preset glossiness standard;
when the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness is lower than a preset glossiness standard, the current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor meet parameter standards, and the current parameters detected by the extrusion rate sensor do not meet the parameter standards, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to close a circulation valve, controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin, controls the first power device to increase the stirring rotating speed, and controls the second power device to decrease the material pushing rotating speed until the current glossiness meets the preset glossiness standard;
when the first camera detection sensor judges that the current glossiness is lower than a preset glossiness standard, and current parameters detected by the first temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor and the extrusion rate sensor meet parameter standards, the control mechanism controls the stirring mechanism, the heating mechanism and the extrusion mechanism to stop working, and outputs a prompt that the extruded glossiness abnormality of the master batch needs to be checked.
10. The pelletizing production system of degradable plastics according to claim 7, characterized in that the secondary adjustment of the adjustment commands of each sensor by the control mechanism according to the hardness of the material mixture comprises,
when the third pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure is lower than a preset shearing pressure standard and the current parameters detected by the first camera detection sensor and the second camera detection sensor meet a parameter standard, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to close the circulation valve, controls the second heater to increase the temperature of the material pushing bin, and controls the second power device to reduce the material pushing rotation speed;
when the third pressure sensor judges that the current shearing pressure is higher than a preset shearing pressure standard and the current parameters detected by the first camera detection sensor and the second camera detection sensor meet parameter standards, the control mechanism controls the cooling water circulation channel to open a circulation valve, controls the second heater to reduce the temperature of the material pushing bin and controls the second power device to improve the material pushing rotating speed.
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