CN115815813A - Laser wire filling welding device for stirring welding pool by using external electric field and magnetic field - Google Patents
Laser wire filling welding device for stirring welding pool by using external electric field and magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN115815813A CN115815813A CN202211536691.8A CN202211536691A CN115815813A CN 115815813 A CN115815813 A CN 115815813A CN 202211536691 A CN202211536691 A CN 202211536691A CN 115815813 A CN115815813 A CN 115815813A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser wire filling welding device for stirring a welding pool by using an external electric field and a magnetic field. The laser wire filling welding device comprises a movable splicing welding table (2), a laser welding machine, a Helmholtz coil device (4) and a direct-current power supply (5); the movable splicing welding table is provided with two workpiece positioning tables (26), and the laser welding machine is provided with a welding wire discharge head (31) and a laser head (32); two coils of the Helmholtz coil device are respectively positioned above and below the movable splicing welding table, the direction of a magnetic line in a uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device is vertical to a horizontal plane, and a welding pool point of the laser welding machine is positioned in the range of the uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device; each workpiece positioning table of the movable splicing welding table is provided with a spring contact (22), the spring contact is connected with one electrode of a direct current power supply, and the other electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with a welding wire in the laser welding machine. The laser wire filling welding device can form a strong convection stirring effect in a welding pool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a splicing welding device, in particular to a laser wire filling welding device for stirring a welding pool by using an external electric field and a magnetic field.
Background
At present, an aluminum-silicon-plated steel sheet for automobiles is widely adopted by various automobile manufacturers because of light weight and high strength. However, the steel plate has a problem in the process of splice welding, and particularly, when the splice welding is performed, aluminum coated on the outer surface of the steel plate is melted into a weld joint, the distribution of aluminum elements in a welding molten pool after the aluminum elements are melted into the weld joint is extremely uneven, and after a welding molten pool to be welded is solidified to form a weld joint, the aluminum elements in the weld joint are gathered in micro-cells, and the strength of the micro-cells where the aluminum elements are gathered is low, so that the overall strength of the weld joint is adversely affected.
In the prior art, there is a technology of uniformly stirring a welding pool by using an electromagnetic stirring method, but the electromagnetic stirring technology in the prior art only applies a magnetic field force to the periphery of the welding pool, and the electromagnetic stirring technology still has some defects. Specifically, taking laser splicing welding as an example, when a welding molten pool during splicing welding is melted and boiled under the action of laser heat, the welding liquid in the welding molten pool flows at a high speed, under the condition of an external magnetic field, the welding liquid flowing at a high speed in the welding molten pool generates induced current, and the induced current generates Lorentz force under the action of the external magnetic field, and the force is just opposite to the natural flowing direction of the welding molten pool at any moment, namely, the external magnetic field slows down the flowing speed of the welding liquid in the welding molten pool (which can be summarized as: a first induced current deceleration welding molten pool); the welding liquid in the welding molten pool can naturally generate thermoelectric current (Seebeck effect, which is a natural physical phenomenon of metal solidification) in the solidification process, and the thermoelectric current can cause thermoelectric magnetic force to be generated under the action of an external magnetic field, and the thermoelectric magnetic force can accelerate the flow of the welding liquid in the welding molten pool (which can be summarized as a second thermoelectric current accelerating the welding molten pool); the external magnetic field plays a role in accelerating or decelerating the welding liquid flowing naturally at high speed in the welding pool, and the thermoelectric current is closely related to the physical characteristics of the metal material depending on the strength of the thermoelectric current acceleration effect and the induced current deceleration effect; for the 'aluminum-silicon plated quenching hardening martensite ultrahigh-strength steel containing trace boron', the solidification thermal current of the welding pool of the steel is far smaller than the induced current of the magnetic field, namely, the acceleration effect of the thermal current is far smaller than the deceleration effect of the induced current, so that the single external magnetic field does not play a role in accelerating and disturbing the welding pool, but plays a role in decelerating the welding pool, and the purpose of uniformly stirring the welding pool cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser wire filling welding device for stirring a welding pool by using an external electric field and a magnetic field, which can form a strong convection stirring effect in the welding pool when splicing and welding two workpieces to be welded by adopting the laser wire filling welding device, so that element components in the welding pool are uniformly diffused.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a laser wire filling welding device for stirring a welding pool by using an external electric field and a magnetic field comprises a movable splicing welding table and a laser welding machine; the movable splicing welding table is provided with two workpiece positioning tables, each workpiece positioning table is provided with a positioning electromagnet for adsorbing and positioning a workpiece to be welded, and a welding seam groove is formed between the two workpiece positioning tables; the laser welding machine is provided with a welding wire discharge head and a laser head, the welding wire discharge head and the laser head of the laser welding machine are both positioned above the movable splicing welding table, and the point position where the welding wire discharge head and the laser head face together is a welding pool point of the laser welding machine; the laser wire filling welding device also comprises a Helmholtz coil device and a direct-current power supply; two coils of the Helmholtz coil device are respectively positioned above and below the movable tailor-welded platform, the direction of a magnetic line in a uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device is vertical to a horizontal plane, and a welding pool point of the laser welding machine is positioned in the range of the uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device; and each workpiece positioning table of the movable splicing welding table is provided with a spring contact, the spring contact is connected with one electrode of the direct current power supply, and the other electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with a welding wire in the laser welding machine.
Further, when the Helmholtz coil device is turned on, the uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device can change direction periodically, so that a periodically alternating magnetic field environment can be created for a welding pool point of the laser welding machine.
Further, the electrode of the direct current power supply connected with the welding wire in the laser welding machine is a positive electrode, and the electrode of the direct current power supply connected with the spring contact is a negative electrode.
Furthermore, a plurality of contact placing holes are formed in the workpiece positioning table, and a spring contact arranged on the workpiece positioning table is placed in one of the contact placing holes.
Furthermore, a magnetic aluminum plate is arranged in a welding seam groove of the movable splicing welding table, the position of the magnetic aluminum plate is matched with a welding pool point of the laser welding machine, and the magnetic aluminum plate is located below the welding pool point of the laser welding machine during welding.
When the laser wire filling welding device is used for splicing and welding two workpieces to be welded, the two workpieces to be welded are respectively placed on two workpiece positioning tables of a movable splicing welding table, the workpieces to be welded are pressed on the spring contacts on the workpiece positioning tables, the spring contacts are pressed to contract downwards, so that the workpieces to be welded are not influenced in positioning on the workpiece positioning tables, the workpieces to be welded are contacted with the spring contacts, a direct-current power supply and a Helmholtz coil device are started in the welding process, two electrodes of the direct-current power supply, a welding wire, a welding pool, the workpieces to be welded and the spring contacts form a current loop, an electric field is formed in the welding pool, and the Helmholtz coil device continuously and periodically changes the direction of a uniform magnetic field, so that a periodically alternating magnetic field environment is created for the welding pool. Under the condition that an electric field is formed in the welding molten pool, a periodically alternating magnetic field is applied to the welding molten pool, so that the welding liquid in the welding molten pool swings left and right along with the alternation of the magnetic field under the combined action of the electric field and the alternating magnetic field, and a strong convection stirring effect can be formed in the welding molten pool.
Compared with the prior art, the laser wire filling welding device has the beneficial effects that: when the laser wire-filling welding device is used for splicing and welding two workpieces to be welded, a strong convection stirring effect can be formed in a welding pool, various element components in the welding pool can be uniformly diffused, the aggregation of some elements influencing the strength of a welding seam in a micro area is avoided, the adverse effect of the nonuniform element components on the overall strength of the welding seam is reduced, and the strength quality of the splicing and welding seam is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser wire-filling welding apparatus for agitating a weld pool using an applied electric field and a magnetic field according to the present invention welding a workpiece to be welded;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the power connection of the DC power supply in the laser filler wire welding device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a movable splicing and welding table in the laser wire filling and welding device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the spring contact in the laser filler wire welding device of the invention.
In the figure: 1-a welding object workpiece, 2-a movable splicing welding table, 21-a positioning electromagnet, 22-a spring contact, 23-a contact placing hole, 24-a cable, 25-a permeable magnetic aluminum plate, 26-a workpiece positioning table, 27-a welding seam groove, 31-a welding wire discharge head, 32-a laser head, a 4-Helmholtz coil device and 5-a direct current power supply.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
the embodiment provides a laser wire filling welding device for stirring a welding pool by using an external electric field and a magnetic field, which is constructed based on the existing mobile splicing welding table and a laser welding machine, and can form a strong convection stirring effect in the welding pool when splicing welding is carried out on two welding object workpieces 1 by adopting the laser wire filling welding device, so that the diffusion of element components in the welding pool is uniform.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the laser filler wire welding apparatus of the present embodiment includes a movable tailor welding table 2 and a laser welder (not shown).
The basic function of the mobile tailor-welding station 2 is to carry and position the welding object workpiece 1 to be tailor-welded.
More specifically, two sides of the moving tailor-welding table 2 are provided with two platforms protruding upward, which are referred to as workpiece positioning tables 26, and the two workpiece positioning tables 26 of the moving tailor-welding table 2 are respectively used for positioning two welding object workpieces 1 to be subjected to the tailor-welding. A groove is arranged between the two workpiece positioning tables 26 of the movable splicing and welding table 2 and is called a welding seam groove 27, and the welding seam groove 27 is used for receiving welding slag, spatter and the like which are dropped during welding and then is sucked away by a pipeline, so that the environment is protected, and equipment is prevented from being scalded.
For each workpiece positioning table 26 of the movable tailor-welding table 2, the positioning electromagnet 21 for attracting the workpiece 1 to be welded is provided on the workpiece positioning table 26, so that the workpiece 1 to be welded to be tailored can be attracted to the workpiece positioning table 26 of the movable tailor-welding table 2.
The bottom of the movable splicing welding table 2 is provided with a displacement driving mechanism (not shown in the figure), the movable splicing welding table 2 is arranged on the rack through the displacement driving mechanism, the movable splicing welding table 2 can displace along a straight line under the driving of the displacement driving mechanism, and the direction of the straight line displacement is called as the displacement direction of the movable splicing welding table.
The laser welding machine adopts the equipment in the prior art, and is provided with a welding wire discharge head 31 and a laser head 32, wherein the welding wire discharge head 31 and the laser head 32 of the laser welding machine face a fixed point position together, the point position is called as a welding pool point of the laser welding machine, and on the welding pool point, a laser beam emitted by the laser head 32 is just intersected with the welding wire discharged by the welding wire discharge head 31, so that the welding wire is melted at the welding pool point to form a welding pool at a welding part. That is, the weld puddle point of the laser welder is where the weld puddle is located.
The laser welder is integrally installed on the rack and located beside the movable welding platform 2, a welding wire discharge head 31 and a laser head 32 of the laser welder are both located above the movable welding platform 2, and a welding pool point of the laser welder is also located above the movable welding platform 2.
When two welding object workpieces 1 need to be spliced and welded, the two welding object workpieces 1 are respectively placed on two workpiece positioning tables 26 of a movable splicing and welding table 2, the splicing seams of the two welding object workpieces 1 are parallel to the displacement direction of the movable splicing and welding table 2, the splicing seams of the two welding object workpieces 1 and a welding pool point of a laser welding machine are positioned on the same straight line, then a positioning electromagnet 21 is started, the positioning electromagnet 21 adsorbs and positions the two welding object workpieces 1, then welding is started, a displacement driving mechanism at the bottom of the movable splicing and welding table 2 is controlled, the movable splicing and welding table 2 moves towards the welding pool point of the laser welding machine in a straight line, the splicing seams of the two welding object workpieces 1 pass through the welding pool point of the laser welding machine at a constant speed, a welding wire is discharged to the welding pool point by a discharge head 31 of the welding wire, a laser head 32 of the laser welding machine emits a laser beam to the welding wire at the welding pool point, the welding pool point is melted, the welding pool point of the welding object workpieces 1 are welded together after passing through the welding pool point (welding pool).
Note that the above description is made of the related art, and the innovative part of the laser filler wire welding apparatus according to the present embodiment is described below.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the laser filler wire welding apparatus of the present embodiment further includes a helmholtz coil apparatus 4 and a direct current power supply 5.
Referring to fig. 1, the helmholtz coil device 4 is integrally mounted on the frame (two coils of the helmholtz coil device are shown in the figure), the two coils of the helmholtz coil device 4 are respectively located above and below the movable tailor welding table 2, the direction of the magnetic lines of force in the uniform magnetic field of the helmholtz coil device 4 should be perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the weld puddle point of the laser welder is located within the range of the uniform magnetic field of the helmholtz coil device 4. When the Helmholtz coil device 4 is turned on, the uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device 4 can periodically change the direction of the magnetic force lines, so that a periodically alternating magnetic field environment can be created for the welding pool point of the laser welding machine.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the helmholtz coil arrangement 4 is a prior art arrangement having two coils which, when the arrangement is energized, produces a uniform magnetic field in the region between the two coils. In the present embodiment, the uniform magnetic field of the helmholtz coil device 4 can periodically change the direction of the magnetic lines of force, and the implementation method is also simple as long as the direction of the current applied to the coil is periodically changed.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a spring contact 22 with an exposed end is provided on each workpiece positioning table 26 of the moving tailor welding table 2 (the upper end of the spring contact is higher than the workpiece positioning table), and the spring contact 22 can be adjusted in position on the workpiece positioning table 26 on which it is located. More specifically, for each workpiece positioning table 26 of the movable tailor-welding table 2, a plurality of contact placing holes 23 are opened on the workpiece positioning table 26, the spring contact 22 is placed in one of the plurality of contact placing holes 23, and the spring contact 22 can elastically expand and contract in the contact placing hole 23 under the action of a spring. The term "elastic force expansion" as used herein means that when the spring contact 22 is pressed downward, the spring contact 22 will contract downward into the contact accommodating hole 23, and when the pressure applied to the spring contact 22 is released, the spring contact 22 will elastically extend upward out of the contact accommodating hole 23.
It should be noted that the plurality of contact-disposing holes 23 are formed in the workpiece-positioning table 26, and the purpose is to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the spring contact 22 on the workpiece-positioning table 26, specifically, the adjustment of the position of the spring contact 22 on the workpiece-positioning table 26 can be achieved by taking the spring contact 22 out of one contact-disposing hole 23 and then placing the spring contact into another contact-disposing hole 23. Furthermore, the position of the spring contact 22 is adjusted on the workpiece positioning table 26 in order to influence the direction of the electric field in the weld pool and thus the strong convection of the weld pool.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the dc power supply 5 is a high power supply. The spring contact 22 arranged on each workpiece positioning table 26 of the movable splicing welding table 2 is connected with the negative end of the direct-current power supply 5 through a cable 24 buried in the movable splicing welding table 2, and the welding wire in the welding wire discharge head 31 of the laser welding machine is connected with the positive end of the direct-current power supply 5.
Referring to fig. 1, when the laser filler wire welding device of the present embodiment is used to splice and weld two workpieces 1 to be welded, the two workpieces 1 to be welded are respectively placed on two workpiece positioning tables 26 of a movable splicing and welding table 2, the workpieces 1 to be welded are pressed against spring contacts 22 on the workpiece positioning tables 26, the spring contacts 22 are pressed to contract downward, so that the positioning of the workpieces 1 to be welded on the workpiece positioning tables 26 is not affected, and the workpieces 1 to be welded are in contact with the spring contacts 22, during the welding process, the dc power supply 5 and the helmholtz coil device 4 are started, the positive and negative poles of the dc power supply 5 and the welding wire, the welding pool, the workpieces 1 to be welded and the spring contacts 22 form a current loop, so as to form an electric field in the welding pool, and the helmholtz coil device 4 periodically changes the direction of its uniform magnetic field, thereby creating a periodically alternating magnetic field environment for the welding pool.
Under the condition that an electric field is formed in the welding molten pool, a periodically alternating magnetic field is applied to the welding molten pool, so that under the combined action of the electric field and the alternating magnetic field, the welding liquid in the welding molten pool can swing left and right along with the alternating of the magnetic field, a strong convection stirring effect can be formed in the welding molten pool, various element components in the welding molten pool can be uniformly diffused, the aggregation of elements influencing the strength of a welding seam in a micro area is avoided, the adverse influence on the overall strength of the welding seam caused by the non-uniform concentration distribution of the elements is reduced, and the strength quality of the welding seam in splicing welding is effectively improved.
Referring to fig. 3, a magnetically permeable aluminum plate 25 is further disposed in the weld groove 27 of the movable splicing welding table 2, and the position of the magnetically permeable aluminum plate 25 is matched with the welding pool point of the laser welder, specifically, when splicing welding is performed, the magnetically permeable aluminum plate 25 should be located below the welding pool point of the laser welder to receive welding slag falling during welding.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the spring contact 22 is connected to the negative terminal of the dc power supply 5, and the welding wire is connected to the positive terminal of the dc power supply 5, while in other embodiments, the spring contact 22 may be connected to the positive terminal of the dc power supply 5, and the welding wire may be connected to the negative terminal of the dc power supply 5, which has no influence on the implementation of the innovative concept of the present application. In general terms, the spring contact 22 and the welding wire are connected to the two poles of the dc power supply 5. It should also be noted that the spring contact 22 and the wire are electrically connected to the two poles of the dc power source 5.
The workpiece to be welded 1 according to the present embodiment is an aluminum-silicon-plated steel sheet for an automobile.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A laser wire filling welding device for stirring a welding pool by using an external electric field and a magnetic field comprises a movable splicing welding table (2) and a laser welding machine;
the movable splicing welding table (2) is provided with two workpiece positioning tables (26), each workpiece positioning table (26) is provided with a positioning electromagnet (21) for adsorbing and positioning a welding object workpiece (1), and a welding seam groove (27) is formed between the two workpiece positioning tables (26);
the laser welding machine is provided with a welding wire discharge head (31) and a laser head (32), the welding wire discharge head (31) and the laser head (32) of the laser welding machine are both positioned above the movable splicing welding table (2), and the point position where the welding wire discharge head (31) and the laser head (32) face together is a welding pool point of the laser welding machine;
the method is characterized in that: the laser wire filling welding device also comprises a Helmholtz coil device (4) and a direct current power supply (5);
two coils of the Helmholtz coil device (4) are respectively positioned above and below the movable splicing welding table (2), the direction of a magnetic line in a uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device (4) is vertical to a horizontal plane, and a welding pool point of a laser welding machine is positioned in the range of the uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device (4);
and each workpiece positioning table (26) of the movable splicing and welding table (2) is provided with a spring contact (22), the spring contact (22) is connected with one electrode of the direct-current power supply (5), and the other electrode of the direct-current power supply (5) is connected with a welding wire in the laser welding machine.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the welding pool is stirred by the applied electric field and magnetic field, and the apparatus further comprises: when the Helmholtz coil device (4) is turned on, the uniform magnetic field of the Helmholtz coil device (4) can periodically change the direction, so that a periodically alternating magnetic field environment can be created for a welding pool point of the laser welding machine.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the welding pool is stirred by the applied electric field and magnetic field, and the apparatus further comprises: the electrode connected with the welding wire in the laser welding machine by the direct current power supply (5) is a positive electrode, and the electrode connected with the spring contact (22) by the direct current power supply (5) is a negative electrode.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the welding pool is stirred by the applied electric field and magnetic field, and the apparatus further comprises: a plurality of contact placing holes (23) are formed in the workpiece positioning table (26), and a spring contact (22) arranged on the workpiece positioning table (26) is placed in one of the contact placing holes (23).
5. The laser wire-filling welding device for stirring a welding pool by using an external electric field and a magnetic field according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with in welding seam groove (27) of removing tailor-welding platform (2) and pass through magnetic aluminum plate (25), pass through magnetic aluminum plate's (25) position and laser welder's welding weld pool point phase-match, when welding, pass through magnetic aluminum plate (25) and be in the below of laser welder's welding weld pool point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211536691.8A CN115815813A (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2022-12-02 | Laser wire filling welding device for stirring welding pool by using external electric field and magnetic field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211536691.8A CN115815813A (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2022-12-02 | Laser wire filling welding device for stirring welding pool by using external electric field and magnetic field |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115815813A true CN115815813A (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211536691.8A Pending CN115815813A (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2022-12-02 | Laser wire filling welding device for stirring welding pool by using external electric field and magnetic field |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117564476A (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-02-20 | 深圳市铭镭激光设备有限公司 | Laser-arc composite welding equipment and welding method |
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2022
- 2022-12-02 CN CN202211536691.8A patent/CN115815813A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117564476A (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-02-20 | 深圳市铭镭激光设备有限公司 | Laser-arc composite welding equipment and welding method |
| CN117564476B (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-04-26 | 深圳市铭镭激光设备有限公司 | Laser-arc composite welding equipment and welding method |
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