CN115815784A - Wear-resisting, drag reduction friction stir welding uses stirring head based on bionic structure - Google Patents
Wear-resisting, drag reduction friction stir welding uses stirring head based on bionic structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN115815784A CN115815784A CN202211650436.6A CN202211650436A CN115815784A CN 115815784 A CN115815784 A CN 115815784A CN 202211650436 A CN202211650436 A CN 202211650436A CN 115815784 A CN115815784 A CN 115815784A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring head for friction stir welding based on a bionic structure, wherein the stirring head is of a single structure and comprises a stirring pin, a shaft shoulder, a heat dissipation section and a clamping section, wherein the stirring pin is positioned at the front end of the shaft shoulder, and the rear end of the shaft shoulder is sequentially connected with the heat dissipation section and the clamping section. The stirring pin is in a cone frustum shape, a cutting flow guide groove and a bionic micro groove are machined on the periphery of the side face of the stirring pin, and the bionic micro groove is spiral and surrounds the part without the cutting flow guide groove on the side face of the stirring pin along the clockwise direction. Has the advantages that: the bionic micro-groove structure mainly plays a role in guiding the plastic metal, so that the plastic metal can flow and mix sufficiently and quickly, the advancing resistance and the friction force of the stirring head are reduced, and the service life of the stirring needle is prolonged. The bionic ball pit-shaped non-smooth surface structure on the shaft shoulder reduces adhesion with the base metal, improves wear resistance and prolongs service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stirring head for friction stir welding, in particular to a wear-resistant and resistance-reducing stirring head for friction stir welding based on a bionic structure.
Background
Friction stir welding is a novel solid phase welding technique, and realizes intermetallic welding connection by using high temperature generated by stirring and friction action between a stirring head rotating at high speed and a base metal to enable metals to reach a thermoplastic state. The friction stir welding can effectively avoid the problems of welding metallurgy such as air holes and cracks during the fusion welding of metals such as aluminum alloy and the like, has high welding efficiency, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is popularized and applied in the fields of aerospace, new energy automobiles, rail transit and the like. The stirring head is the key of friction stir welding and is the premise for obtaining high-quality joints. The conventional stirring head mainly comprises a shaft shoulder and a stirring pin, the geometrical shape and the size of the conventional stirring head determine the heat input mode and the heat generation quantity in the welding process, and the conventional stirring head also plays a role in fully stirring weld metal and keeping welding forming. Due to the restriction of factors such as the design of a stirring head, raw materials, a processing technology and the like, the conventional stirring head has the phenomena of too fast abrasion of the stirring head, aluminum adhesion, insufficient stirring of base metal and the like in the using process, so that the welding technology is mismatched to generate defects, and the welding efficiency and the production cost are further influenced. The special structural forms of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head and the stirring pin enable the stirring head to have higher cutting and stirring capabilities on plastic metals, but generate larger friction force and advancing resistance, so that a main shaft of friction stir welding equipment must have higher rotating torque and advancing driving force, the requirement on equipment hardware is high, and the investment cost is higher. In view of the above, there is a need for a new friction stir welding tool that can improve the interface characteristics between the tool and the base material and has wear resistance and drag reduction characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the friction stir welding process, and provides a wear-resistant and resistance-reducing friction stir welding stirring head based on a bionic structure.
The wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring head for friction stir welding based on the bionic structure is of a single structure, and comprises a stirring pin, a shaft shoulder, a heat dissipation section and a clamping section, wherein the stirring pin is positioned at the front end of the shaft shoulder, and the rear end of the shaft shoulder is sequentially connected with the heat dissipation section and the clamping section.
The stirring pin is in a cone frustum shape, the diameter of the rear end of the stirring pin is 7mm, the diameter of the front end of the stirring pin is 5mm, and the total length of the stirring pin ranges from 3 mm to 6mm according to the thickness of a welding plate.
The circumference of the side face of the stirring pin is provided with a cutting guide groove and a bionic micro groove, the cutting guide groove is spirally wound on the side face of the stirring pin along a clockwise direction, the design pitch of the cutting guide groove is twice of the axial length of the stirring pin, the processing length of the cutting guide groove is 0.8 times of the axial length of the stirring pin, the cross section of the cutting guide groove is semicircular, the diameter of the cross section of the cutting guide groove is 1mm, the depth of the cutting guide groove is 0.5mm, three cutting guide grooves are formed, the three cutting guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer side face of the stirring pin at an included angle of 120 degrees, the bionic micro groove is spirally wound on the side face of the stirring pin along the clockwise direction, the pitch of the bionic micro groove is 0.4-0.5mm, the processing length of the bionic micro groove is 0.9 times of the axial length of the stirring pin, the structural shape of the bionic micro groove is arranged along the structural shape of a shark groove, the depth of the bionic micro groove is 0.2-0.25mm, the structure can effectively reduce friction force and resistance between the stirring pin and plastic metal, and improve the flow quality of welding scale.
The outer diameter of the shaft shoulder is 16mm, the outer edge of the circumference of the shaft shoulder is processed with 0.5mm multiplied by 45 degrees chamfers, the shaft shoulder is arranged into a plane or an inner concave surface with the angle not more than 5 degrees, the shaft shoulder is also provided with involute flow guide grooves, the involute flow guide grooves are arranged into two groups, the two groups of involute flow guide grooves are symmetrically distributed on the shaft shoulder, the cross section of the involute flow guide grooves is a semicircle with the radius of 0.375-0.5mm, the depth of the involute flow guide grooves is 0.375-0.5mm, the initial radius of the involute flow guide grooves is 4mm, the turning angle of the involute flow guide grooves is from 0 degree to 360 degrees, the radius increment of the involute flow guide grooves is 4mm, two involute raw belts are clamped on the shaft shoulder between the two groups of involute flow guide grooves along with the line shape of the involute flow guide grooves, each involute bionic belt is uniformly provided with a plurality of bionic ball pits, the radius of each bionic ball pit is 0.25-0.375mm, the initial radius of each involute bionic belt is 4mm, the rotation angle of each involute bionic belt is 0-360 degrees, the radius increment of each involute bionic belt is 4mm, the distance between every two adjacent bionic ball pits on each involute bionic belt is 0.25-0.375mm, the bionic ball pits are arranged according to pit-shaped non-smooth surfaces on the surface of a dung beetle shell, and the bionic ball pit structure can remarkably improve the interface relation between a shaft shoulder of the stirring head and a base metal, reduce the adhesion between the shaft shoulder and a plastic metal, reduce friction force and improve the wear resistance and the service performance of the stirring head.
The diameter of the heat dissipation section is 28mm, the front end of the heat dissipation section is in smooth transition with a shaft shoulder, heat dissipation grooves are machined on the periphery of the outer circular surface of the heat dissipation section, each heat dissipation groove is a trapezoidal groove, the depth of each trapezoidal groove is 0.8-1mm, the width of the upper portion of each trapezoidal groove is 2mm, the width of the lower portion of each trapezoidal groove is 1mm, four trapezoidal grooves are machined on the outer circular surface of the heat dissipation section, and the distance between every two adjacent trapezoidal grooves is 2mm.
The diameter of the clamping section is 20mm, a fastening plane is processed on one side face of the clamping section, and the stirring head can be installed on a tool shank of common friction stir welding equipment through the fastening plane.
The stirring head is made of 4Cr5MoSiV1 material, the stirring head is subjected to quenching and high-temperature tempering heat treatment, and the overall hardness of the stirring head is HRC47-50.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the wear-resistant and resistance-reducing stirring head for friction stir welding based on the bionic structure is fixed on a 20mm universal side jacking type knife handle of friction stir welding equipment or special machining equipment when in use, and is jacked tightly through a fastening plane by adopting bolts. During welding, the stirring head rotates anticlockwise at high speed, and the stirring pin, the shaft shoulder and a welding material generate violent stirring and friction effects. Cutting and stirring plastic metal in the cutting and flow guiding grooves on the side surfaces of the stirring pins in the rotating process, and driving the plastic metal to transfer from top to bottom along the cutting and flow guiding grooves; the bionic micro-groove on the stirring pin is of a micro-groove structure for reference of shark skin scutellum, the structure can improve a fluid structure and a flow state of a flowing surface boundary layer, the effective friction area and the friction strength of the surface and the fluid are reduced, the shearing pressure on the inner wall of the bionic micro-groove is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the protrusion between the bionic micro-grooves also plays a role in restraining the transverse flow of the fluid, so that the structure has a better drag reduction effect compared with a smooth surface, and can also play a role in guiding the flow of plastic metal, so that the plastic metal fully flows and mixes, the forward resistance of a stirring head is reduced, the friction force is reduced, and the service life of the stirring pin is prolonged.
The shaft shoulder rubs with the welding metal to generate a large amount of friction heat, and the involute flow guide groove on the shaft shoulder can realize the transfer of the plastic metal from outside to inside, so that the plastic metal is ensured to be kept inside the shaft shoulder; the non-smooth surface characteristic of pit form that the dung beetle shell surface exists is used for reference to the bionical ball pit on the shaft shoulder, and the introduction of bionical ball pit can change the flow state of shaft shoulder surface plasticity metal, reduces nearly surperficial fluidic turbulence intensity to can form the vortex at bionical ball pit bottom, these little vortexes can act as plastic metal's "antifriction bearing", make the plasticity metal that bionical ball pit top flows through receive rolling friction's effect, greatly reduced frictional resistance. Therefore, the structure can effectively reduce friction force and resistance, reduce torque, reduce adhesion, improve wear resistance and prolong service life and joint performance during working.
The heat dissipation groove on the heat dissipation section improves the heat dissipation capacity of the device in the welding process, and the service life and the service strength of the device are improved to a certain extent. The stirring head provided by the invention is made of 4Cr5MoSiV1 material, and has high-temperature strength, hot hardness and high wear resistance by matching with a heat treatment process of quenching and high-temperature tempering. Meanwhile, the stirring head based on the bionic structure can be processed into different sizes according to the thickness of the plate, and is suitable for welding non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, magnesium alloy and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the bionic micro-groove structure adopted by the stirring pin on the wear-resistant and resistance-reducing stirring friction welding stirring head based on the bionic structure mainly plays a role in guiding plastic metal, so that the plastic metal can rapidly and fully flow and mix, the advancing resistance and the friction force of the stirring head are reduced, and the service life of the stirring pin is prolonged. The bionic ball pit-shaped non-smooth surface structure on the shaft shoulder continuously rubs with welding metal in the working process to generate heat, and the special structural form can reduce friction and resistance while keeping the shape of a welding seam, reduce torque, reduce adhesion with a base metal, and improve wear resistance and service life. The stirring head based on the bionic structure has the characteristics of wear resistance, drag reduction and the like, the service life of the stirring head can be prolonged, the hardware requirement of welding equipment is reduced, and the quality of a welding joint is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a mixing head according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the mixing head according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the pin mixer of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a guide groove cut on the outer side surface of the stirring pin according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bionic micro-groove on the outer side surface of the stirring pin.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the shoulder of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a shoulder involute guide groove and a bionic ball pit according to the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a heat dissipation section and a clamping section of the stirring head according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the use and installation of the stirring head of the invention.
The labels in the above figures are as follows:
1. stirring pin 2, shaft shoulder 3, heat dissipation section 4, clamping section 5 and cutting flow guide groove
6. Bionic micro-groove 7, involute guide groove 8 and involute bionic belt
9. Bionic ball pit 10, heat dissipation groove 11, fastening plane 12 and knife handle
13. And (4) bolts.
Detailed Description
Please refer to fig. 1 to 9:
the wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring head for friction stir welding based on the bionic structure is of a single structure, and comprises a stirring pin 1, a shaft shoulder 2, a heat dissipation section 3 and a clamping section 4, wherein the stirring pin 1 is positioned at the front end of the shaft shoulder 2, and the rear end of the shaft shoulder 2 is sequentially connected with the heat dissipation section 3 and the clamping section 4.
The stirring pin 1 is in a cone frustum shape, the diameter of the rear end of the stirring pin 1 is 7mm, the diameter of the front end of the stirring pin 1 is 5mm, and the total length of the stirring pin 1 ranges from 3 mm to 6mm according to the thickness of a welding plate.
The periphery of the side face of the stirring pin 1 is provided with a cutting guide groove 5 and a bionic micro groove 6, the cutting guide groove 5 is spirally wound on the side face of the stirring pin 1 in a clockwise mode, the design pitch of the cutting guide groove 5 is twice of the axial length of the stirring pin 1, the length of the cutting guide groove 5 is 0.8 times of the axial length of the stirring pin 1, the section of the cutting guide groove 5 is semicircular, the diameter of the section of the cutting guide groove 5 is 1mm, the depth of the cutting guide groove 5 is 0.5mm, three cutting guide grooves 5 are formed, the three cutting guide grooves 5 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the outer side face of the stirring pin 1 at an included angle of 120 degrees, the bionic micro groove 6 is spirally wound on the side face of the stirring pin 1 at a position without the cutting guide groove 5, the thread pitch of the bionic micro groove 6 is 0.4-0.5mm, the processing length of the bionic micro groove 6 is 0.9 times of the axial length of the stirring pin 1, the structural shape of the bionic micro groove 6 is arranged according to the structural shape of a shark body surface, the bionic micro groove 6 is 0.2-0.25mm in depth, the bionic micro groove 6, the structural friction and the metal can be effectively welded with the metal, the plastic welding resistance of the stirring pin, and the metal, and the plastic welding quality can be improved.
The outer diameter of a shaft shoulder 2 is 16mm, the outer edge of the circumference of the shaft shoulder 2 is machined with 0.5mm multiplied by 45-degree chamfers, the shaft shoulder 2 is arranged to be a plane or an inner concave surface with the radius not larger than 5 degrees, involute guide grooves 7 are further arranged on the shaft shoulder 2, two groups of involute guide grooves 7 are arranged on the shaft shoulder 2 symmetrically, the cross section of each involute guide groove 7 is a semicircle with the radius of 0.375-0.5mm, the depth of each involute guide groove 7 is 0.375-0.5mm, the starting radius of each involute guide groove 7 is 4mm, the corner of each involute guide groove 7 is from 0 degree to 360 degrees, the radius increment of each involute guide groove 7 is 4mm, two involute bionic belts 8 are clamped on the shaft shoulder between the two groups of involute guide grooves 7 along with the line shape of the involute guide grooves 7, a plurality of bionic ball pits 9 are uniformly distributed on each involute bionic belt 8, the radius of each bionic ball pit 9 is 0.25-0.375mm, the starting radius of each bionic ball pit 8 is 4mm, the bionic belt pits 9 are arranged on the shaft shoulder, the bionic ball surface, the friction bionic ball stirring head is a bionic head, the friction bionic head has the friction effect of improving the bionic head, the friction between the bionic head and the bionic head is improved, and the friction of the bionic head, the bionic head is improved.
The diameter of the heat dissipation section 3 is 28mm, the front end of the heat dissipation section 3 and the shaft shoulder 2 are in smooth transition, heat dissipation grooves 10 are machined on the periphery of the outer circular surface of the heat dissipation section 3, each heat dissipation groove 10 is a trapezoidal groove, the depth of each trapezoidal groove is 0.8-1mm, the width of the upper portion of each trapezoidal groove is 2mm, the width of the lower portion of each trapezoidal groove is 1mm, four trapezoidal grooves are machined on the outer circular surface of the heat dissipation section 3, and the distance between every two adjacent trapezoidal grooves is 2mm.
The diameter of the clamping section 4 is 20mm, a fastening plane 11 is processed on one side surface of the clamping section 4, and the stirring head can be installed on a tool shank of common friction stir welding equipment through the fastening plane 11.
The stirring head is made of 4Cr5MoSiV1 material, the stirring head is subjected to quenching and high-temperature tempering heat treatment, and the overall hardness of the stirring head is HRC47-50.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring head for friction stir welding based on the bionic structure is fixed on a 20mm universal side-jacking type knife handle 12 of friction stir welding equipment or special machining equipment when in use, and is jacked tightly through a fastening plane 11 by adopting a bolt 13. During welding, the stirring head rotates anticlockwise at high speed, and the stirring pin 1 and the shaft shoulder 2 generate violent stirring and friction effects with welding materials. Cutting and stirring plastic metal in the cutting guide groove 5 on the side surface of the stirring needle 1 in the rotating process, and driving the plastic metal to transfer from top to bottom along the cutting guide groove 5; the bionic micro-groove 6 on the stirring pin 1 refers to a micro-groove structure of shark skin shield scale, the structure can improve the fluid structure and the flow state of a boundary layer flowing through the surface of the stirring pin, the effective friction area and the friction strength of the surface and the fluid are reduced, the shearing pressure on the inner wall of the bionic micro-groove 6 is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the protrusion between the bionic micro-grooves 6 also plays a role in inhibiting the transverse flow of the fluid, so that the structure has a better resistance reduction effect compared with a smooth surface, the guide effect on plastic metal can also be played, the plastic metal is enabled to fully flow and mix, the forward resistance of a stirring head is reduced, the friction force is reduced, and the service life of the stirring pin 1 is prolonged.
The shaft shoulder 2 and the welding metal rub to generate a large amount of friction heat, and the involute flow guide groove 7 on the shaft shoulder 2 can realize the transfer of the plastic metal from outside to inside, so that the plastic metal is ensured to be kept inside the shaft shoulder 2; the bionic ball pit 9 on the shaft shoulder 2 is used for reference of pit-shaped non-smooth surface characteristics existing on the surface of a dung beetle shell, the flow state of plastic metal on the surface of the shaft shoulder 2 can be changed by introducing the bionic ball pit 9, the turbulence intensity of near-surface fluid is reduced, and eddy currents can be formed at the bottom of the bionic ball pit 9, the small eddies can serve as 'rolling bearings' of the plastic metal, so that the plastic metal flowing through the top of the bionic ball pit 9 is subjected to rolling friction, and the friction resistance is greatly reduced. Therefore, the structure can effectively reduce friction force and resistance, reduce torque, reduce adhesion, improve wear resistance and prolong service life and joint performance during working.
The heat dissipation grooves 10 on the heat dissipation section 3 improve the heat dissipation capacity of the device in the welding process, and also improve the service life and the service strength of the device to a certain extent. The stirring head provided by the invention is made of 4Cr5MoSiV1 material, and has high-temperature strength, hot hardness and high wear resistance by matching with a heat treatment process of quenching and high-temperature tempering. Meanwhile, the stirring head based on the bionic structure can be processed into different sizes according to the thickness of the plate, and is suitable for welding non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, magnesium alloy and the like.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a wear-resisting, drag reduction friction stir welding uses stirring head based on bionic structure which characterized in that: the stirring head is of a single structure and comprises a stirring pin, a shaft shoulder, a heat dissipation section and a clamping section, wherein the stirring pin is located at the front end of the shaft shoulder, and the rear end of the shaft shoulder is sequentially connected with the heat dissipation section and the clamping section.
2. The bionic structure-based wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring friction welding stirring head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the stirring pin is in a cone frustum shape, the diameter of the rear end of the stirring pin is 7mm, the diameter of the front end of the stirring pin is 5mm, and the total length of the stirring pin ranges from 3 mm to 6mm according to the thickness of a welding plate.
3. The stirring head for wear-resisting and drag-reducing friction stir welding based on the bionic structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the circumference of the side face of the stirring pin is provided with a cutting guide groove and a bionic micro groove, the cutting guide groove is spiral and surrounds the side face of the stirring pin with a clockwise, the design pitch of the cutting guide groove is twice of the axial length of the stirring pin, the processing length of the cutting guide groove is 0.8 times of the axial length of the stirring pin, the cross section of the cutting guide groove is semicircular, the diameter of the cross section of the cutting guide groove is 1mm, the depth of the cutting guide groove is 0.5mm, three cutting guide grooves are formed, the three cutting guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer side face of the stirring pin at an included angle of 120 degrees, the bionic micro groove is spiral and surrounds the part without the cutting guide groove on the side face of the stirring pin with the clockwise, the pitch of the bionic micro groove is 0.4-0.5mm, the processing length of the bionic micro groove is 0.9 times of the axial length of the stirring pin, the structural shape of the bionic micro groove is arranged according to the structural shape of the bionic shark scale, and the depth of the bionic micro groove is 0.2-0.25mm.
4. The bionic structure-based wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring friction welding stirring head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the shaft shoulder is 16mm, the outer edge of the circumference of the shaft shoulder is processed with 0.5mm multiplied by 45-degree chamfers, the shaft shoulder is arranged to be a plane or an inner concave surface which is not more than 5 degrees, involute guide grooves are further arranged on the shaft shoulder, two groups of involute guide grooves are arranged, the two groups of involute guide grooves are symmetrically distributed on the shaft shoulder, the cross section of each involute guide groove is in a semicircular shape with the radius of 0.375-0.5mm, the depth of each involute guide groove is 0.375-0.5mm, the initial radius of each involute guide groove is 4mm, the turning angle of each involute guide groove is 0-360 degrees, the radius increment of each involute guide groove is 4mm, two involute bionic zones are clamped on the shaft shoulder between the two groups of involute guide grooves along with the line shape of the involute guide grooves, a plurality of bionic ball pits are uniformly distributed on each involute guide zone, the radii of the bionic ball pits are 0.25-0.375mm, the initial radii of the involute bionic ball pits are 4mm, the turning angles of the involute bionic pits are 0.25-375 mm, and the surface of adjacent bionic pits on the involute bionic shell are arranged in a bionic shell with the involute guide grooves.
5. The bionic structure-based wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring friction welding stirring head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the heat dissipation section is 28mm, the front end of the heat dissipation section is in smooth transition with the shaft shoulder, heat dissipation grooves are machined on the periphery of the outer circular surface of the heat dissipation section, each heat dissipation groove is a trapezoidal groove, the depth of each trapezoidal groove is 0.8-1mm, the width of the upper portion of each trapezoidal groove is 2mm, the width of the lower portion of each trapezoidal groove is 1mm, four trapezoidal grooves are machined on the outer circular surface of the heat dissipation section, and the distance between every two adjacent trapezoidal grooves is 2mm.
6. The bionic structure-based wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring friction welding stirring head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the clamping section is 20mm, a fastening plane is processed on one side face of the clamping section, and the stirring head can be installed on a tool shank of common friction stir welding equipment through the fastening plane.
7. The bionic structure-based wear-resistant and drag-reduction stirring friction welding stirring head as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the stirring head is made of 4Cr5MoSiV1 material, the stirring head is subjected to quenching and high-temperature tempering heat treatment, and the overall hardness of the stirring head is HRC47-50.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211650436.6A CN115815784A (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | Wear-resisting, drag reduction friction stir welding uses stirring head based on bionic structure |
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| CN202211650436.6A CN115815784A (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | Wear-resisting, drag reduction friction stir welding uses stirring head based on bionic structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116140789A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-23 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Backfill type friction stir spot welding equipment and welding method |
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2022
- 2022-12-21 CN CN202211650436.6A patent/CN115815784A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116140789A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-23 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Backfill type friction stir spot welding equipment and welding method |
| CN116140789B (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-06-20 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Backfill type friction stir spot welding equipment and welding method |
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