CN102490018A

CN102490018A - Cutting-stirring friction welding composite processing device for floating double-shaft-shoulder double-stirring needle and manufacture method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102490018A
Application number: CN2011104067736A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗键; 王颖
Original assignee: Chongqing University
Current assignee: Chongqing University
Priority date: 2011-12-09
Filing date: 2011-12-09
Publication date: 2012-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-09
Also published as: CN102490018B

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting-stirring friction welding composite processing device for a floating double-shaft-shoulder double-stirring needle and a manufacture method thereof, and particularly relates to a combined or composite processing device capable of simultaneously carrying out milling or cutting processing and stirring friction welding processing and a method thereof. The cutting-stirring friction welding composite processing device for the floating double-shaft-shoulder double-stirring needle integrates a cutting system or a milling system, a stirring friction welding system, a forced cooling system, a gas protection system, a temperature sensing system, a pressure induction system, a milling liquid supply system and a sensing-free system. The cutting-stirring friction welding composite processing device has functions of temperature control, gas protection, pressure detection, cooling liquid protection, milling head replacing and floating double-shaft-shoulder self-supporting stirring friction welding. The method for carrying out cutting-stirring friction welding composite processing on workpieces can meet strength requirements of mechanical processing of ferrous light metal materials, carbon steel materials and alloy steel materials. The cutting-stirring friction welding composite processing device for a floating double-shaft-shoulder double-stirring needle and the manufacture method of the cutting-stirring friction welding composite processing device reduce manufacture procedures, save processing cost, have the advantages of being high in efficiency, excellent in quality, high in stability and saving in energy, break through limitation of conventional machining technology, form a new method and a new thought for machinery processing, and have wide application prospects in industries of heating, air conditioners, ice manufacture, freshness keeping, medicine preparation, construction, aquatic products and foods.

Description

Cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining the equipment and the manufacturing approach thereof of the two mixing needles of a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder

Technical field

The present invention relates to machine-building part processing technical field, particularly a kind of based on two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating process equipments of unsteady twin shaft shoulder and manufacturing approach thereof.

Background technology

At present, have the manufacturing of enclose inside cavity body structural member, classical production process mainly contains and adopts the section bar welding, after sheet material welding bulging processing or the monoblock workpiece cut and then method such as cover closure.These traditional processing method operations are many, and the manufacturing cycle is long, and manufacturing cost is high, and the workpiece easy deformation, and structural member intensity is affected.

1991 Britain's institute of welding (TWI) W.M.Thomas invented the agitating friction welding technology, this novel solder technology that derives from mechanical cold working manufacturing process, connects based on solid phase has obvious superiority.Friction stir welding is a kind of new solid-state welding method, can not produce the weld defect relevant with metal molten during friction stir welding.Because the friction stir welding temperature is relatively low, the sweating heat input is less, welds the residual stress of back structure or is out of shape less.Simultaneously, friction stir welding is a kind of green welding method, reaches in the welding process little to the pollution of environment before the welding.

Therefore, adopt friction stir welding to come the machine-shaping workpiece can reduce the sweating heat input, reduce welding residual stress, the welding deformation of control structure part; And friction Stir high efficiency; Do not need other to fill scolder, environmental pollution is little, and economic benefit is higher.In recent years, the friction stir welding connection technology combines with other process technology, has produced many Compound Machining and has made new technology and new technology, has great application prospect in mechanical manufacturing field.

But for the parts with enclose inside cavity structure, like cold plate, except split type processing method, traditional friction Stir still lacks effective processing way; In addition, in some special process, need the friction stir welding welding equipment that bigger weld force is provided, require simultaneously workpiece to be machined is carried out strict clamping, the friction Stir design of Clamping Apparatus of some special construction has been brought difficulty.Therefore; Can adopt whole block material; Merge each other with cutting technology through the two mixing needle friction stir welding connection technologies of the twin shaft shoulder of will floating, go out to have back defective parts few, that be out of shape little enclose inside cavity structure and have great importance thereby carry out associating processing and manufacturing one piece near-net-shape, for traditional mechanical manufacturing method; This process technology also is one mechanical manufacturing field is had landmark innovation; Promote the Machine Manufacturing Technology development with progressive, formation has the Machine Manufacturing Technology of low cost, few operation, short-period innovation, for sustainable development economic in the world wide provides strong support; And be sure of the appearance of this associating New Machining Technology and machine-building new theory, will become one of welding and manufacturing technology of the most important and extensive use in the 21st century world wide.

Summary of the invention

To the above-mentioned deficiency that the traditional mechanical manufacturing technology exists, the purpose of this invention is to provide cutting technology and principle thereof and the friction stir welding connection technology of a kind of efficient, low cost, high stability, high-quality and innovative Machine Manufacturing Technology and the process principle thereof that principle merges each other thereof.For parts with enclose inside cavity structure; Like cold plate; Adopt whole block material through solder technology and cutting technology are merged each other; The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating processing and manufacturing new technologies of the twin shaft that floats shoulder, thus the one piece near-net-shape goes out to have the parts of enclose inside cavity structure, is applied to ice making energy storage field and has important engineering application value and scientific research meaning.This new mechanical is made processing method, has broken through the constraint of increment type machine-building principle with subduction formula machine-building principle, but the two is combined closely, forms a kind of organic novel cutting-welding processing new principle, method and technology.In mechanical manufacturing field; With respect to traditional Machine Manufacturing Technology; The two mixing needle cutting-welding associating process technologies of this unsteady twin shaft shoulder are one and have landmark innovative technology; Will promote greatly developing of modern mechanical manufacturing technology, open up new manufacturing technology, have broad application prospects in cold working and Solid-phase welding field with progressive.

Technical scheme of the present invention is following:

The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment; Comprise the stirring-head body; The last shaft shoulder and the following shaft shoulder; Be positioned at the last mixing needle of shaft shoulder bottom and the following mixing needle on following shaft shoulder top; Spring is connected with the retained part of machine body with bolt, stirring-head body; The cutting system that has self-supporting, self adaptation, self-stabilization in the bottom of last mixing needle, the following shaft shoulder spring through fixing bolt and compression forms the unsteady shaft shoulder system with adaptation function, with the last shaft shoulder, go up mixing needle, mixing needle and cutting system cutting-friction Stir of having constituted the two mixing needles of unsteady twin shaft shoulder is united process equipment down; This equipment comprises stirring friction welding system, cutting system, pressure cooling system, gas protection system, parameter sensing and monitoring system and sealing system; Be parallel simultaneously associating or the Compound Machining equipment of carrying out the work of a kind of cut and friction Stir processing, in addition, this equipment also has the temperature and pressure of carrying out Detection & Controling, gas shield, cooling fluid protection, the unsteady twin shaft shoulder self-stabilization of self-supporting and equilibrium function; This equipment can be used in the machining of non-ferrous metal, carbon steel, stainless steel, low-alloy high-strength steel, composite; This equipment is realized the manufacturing process with the multiple operation of traditional cutting and welding, multistation processing being transformed into time processing near-net-shape; Manufacturing cycle and processing cost have been reduced; Have efficient, high-quality, stable, energy-conservation technical characterstic; Broken through the limitation of conventional mechanical process technology; Formed and parallel associating of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of self-stabilization twin shaft shoulder made the new method of processing, had a wide practical applications in heating, air-conditioning, ice making, fresh-keeping, pharmacy, building, aquatic products, food service industry.

The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment; Said cutting system, comprise be arranged on the stirring-head body, at the cutter tip of last mixing needle bottom, cutting blade; Cutting fluid channel, the connector of cutter tip and stirring-head body; Cutter tip is by the cylindrical milling cutter head, or the T-slot cutter head, or the fish-tail cutter head, or the face and side cutter head, or the angular milling cutter head, or the cotter mill cutter head, or the metal saw head, or the form cutter head constitutes; Cutter tip adopts the cutter tip of interchangeable bit, or adopts the fixedly bit of cutter head, or adopt a self-supporting, can float, adaptive cutter tip; Cutter tip has shear action; The upper surface of cutter tip uses as the following support shaft shoulder of going up mixing needle in two mixing needles; The upward support shaft shoulder use of mixing needle down in the two mixing needles of lower surface conduct of cutter tip; Therefore, cutter tip has the dual-use function that mixing needle and following mixing needle help realization cutting-friction Stir are gone up in support; Cutter tip is fixedly connected mode with the employing of stirring-head body or movable connection method assembles; When cutter tip and stirring-head body employing movable connection method; Cutter tip is connected with the stirring-head body through the connector of screw thread or spline mode; When cutter tip and stirring-head body adopt when being fixedly connected mode, cutter tip, connector and stirring-head body form as a whole through whole processing mode or welding manner; Cutting blade is the formula of being fixed as one, and is perhaps split type, and split type cutting blade is connected cutting blade through screw fastening means or welding manner or cast setting mode with cutter tip; Cutter tip be positioned at mixing needle the bottom, become as a whole with the stirring-head body, and cutter tip and stirring-head body, go up mixing needle together with identical speed rotation; Cutter tip inside has cutter head cooling fluid supply passage, makes cooling fluid can arrive the cutting position, guarantees that cutting, furfur, cooling procedure are in good condition, and the working angles of workpiece is normally carried out.

According to claim 1 or the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the described a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder of claim 2 process equipment; Said stirring friction welding system comprises the stirring-head body, goes up the shaft shoulder, goes up mixing needle and goes up connector, following mixing needle, the following shaft shoulder, spring and the bolt that the bottom of mixing needle is connected with cutter tip; Last mixing needle is cylindrical with following mixing needle, perhaps is conical; Last mixing needle is a smooth surface with following mixing needle surface, or has the screw thread moulding, or has the moulding of sword tooth; The diameter of the diameter of the last shaft shoulder, the diameter of going up mixing needle and height, cutter tip and thickness, down mixing needle diameter and height, go up the diameter of the shaft shoulder, the diameter coupling each other of the shaft shoulder down; To guarantee that cutting system and stirring friction welding system have enough intensity and rigidity; The twin shaft shoulder that floats makes that through the acting in conjunction of bolt and spring the upper surface of the shaft shoulder keeps closely contacting with the lower surface of workpiece down; And adjust automatically according to the smooth degree of workpiece lower surface, workpiece is accomplished cutting-stir friction welding process; Said pressure cooling system comprises the cavity of a hollow structure that is arranged at the stirring-head body interior, water outlet and entry multiple tube, cutting fluid channel; Said multiple tube is used for cavity is introduced and derived to cutting fluid; And with the blade of cutting fluid through cutting fluid channel arrival cutter tip; Be used for the cut to workpiece, unnecessary cutting fluid is passed through the cavity circulating reflux, and can play condensation to stirring-head; The temperature of control stirring-head avoids in friction rabbling welding termination process stirring-head temperature too high or heat up too fast and the service life and the working ability of infringement stirring-head; Multiple tube is that outer tube and interior pipe original position are isolated the integrated structure of combination, and interior pipe is a delivery port, and it is little to compare its aperture of water inlet; And the water inlet openings of interior pipe is arranged in the top of stirring-head body cavity; And mixing needle is passed in the bottom of exhalant canal opening cavity in the stirring-head body of multiple tube, near the terminal position of sharpener head; Realization is controlled the temperature of stirring-head body and weld seam, and is that cutter tip is carried cutting fluid; Said gas protection system; Be arranged at the end face and the place, side of the last shaft shoulder of stirring-head body, mainly be made up of intrinsic gas cavity of stirring-head and protective gas passage, set inside has air sifter; Make protective gas form laminar flow; Be used for forming effective gas shield at welding region, the high-temperature metal of protection friction welding district and heat affected area prevents that the metal of weld seam and heat affected area is at high temperature oxidized; Said parameter sensing and monitoring system comprise the thermal resistance type temperature sensor of coupling certainly and the passive and wireless resistance formula pressure sensor that are imbedded at shaft shoulder end on the stirring-head, and the wireless induction transmitter; Pressure sensor can detect axial compressive force and radial pressure; Temperature sensor is used to detect the shaft shoulder and near sense temperature sensing thereof; Temperature sensor is connected with the wireless induction transmitter of pressure sensor with stirring-head body top; Constitute a kind of HTHP sensor-based system of passive and wireless, realize detection, record and monitoring friction stir welding temperature, pressure, torque parameter; Said sealing system; Be included in the movable sealing member, crossover sub and the stationary pipes joint that are provided with between cavity, gas cavity and the multiple tube of stirring-head body; Be used to reach the purpose of sealing liquid medium and protective gas, this physical efficiency of stirring-head is rotated freely, and the stationary pipes joint of importing and derivation liquid medium and protective gas does not rotate; The movable sealing system adopts lip-type seal structure or slip plane hermetically-sealed construction; Be a kind of movable sealing form with respect to the multiple tube main axis rotation of contact-type, three specific characters that have insulation simultaneously, seal and move ensure workpiece are accomplished effectively cutting-friction Stir associating near-net-shape process.

The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder machining manufacture; Used the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment with the said version of claim 1-3; Basic principle based on cutting and friction Stir; The parallel simultaneously mechanical manufacturing method of carrying out cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining mode or uniting the whole near-net-shape of processing mode, its detailed process is:

A. use anchor clamps that workpiece is carried out overall fixed; Process two " ten " fonts of " protruding " shape groove formation of symmetry stack up and down in side surface of workpiece in advance; The top of two " protruding " shape grooves is opened on the upper surface and the lower surface of workpiece respectively; " ten " font " protruding " shape groove is half-cylindrical shape, diameter, size and length with last mixing needle and following mixing needle and adapts and mate; The middle part of " ten " font " protruding " shape groove is positioned at the middle part of side surface of workpiece; The size of its shape and size and cutter tip adapts and matees, and the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft that will float shoulder process equipments are installed in two " protruding " shape grooves of " ten " font; Make the last mixing needle of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder process equipment that floats be positioned at the uprightly top of " protruding " shape groove of " ten " font; And will cut-lower surface of the last shaft shoulder of friction Stir associating process equipment compresses with the upper surface of workpiece, at the upright friction Stir processing mode of top formation of " protruding " shape groove of " ten " font; And cut-cutter tip of friction Stir associating process equipment is positioned at the middle part of formation " ten " two symmetries of font " protruding " shape groove, so that begin to form the cut mode from the workpiece middle point of one side; The following mixing needle that makes the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of twin shaft shoulder of floating unite process equipment is positioned at the bottom of " ten " font handstand " protruding " shape groove; And the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of twin shaft shoulder of will floating unite the following shaft shoulder upper surface of process equipment and the lower surface of workpiece compresses through spring and bolt, form another friction Stir processing mode in the bottom of " ten " font handstand " protruding " shape groove;

B. according to designing requirement, utilize the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder process equipment that floats, through the stirring-head inner passage; Use environmental-friendly water-base, harmless cutting fluid; Good cooling, lubricated, cleaning, antirust, corrosion inhibition are played in the cut position of workpiece, effectively avoid the generation of burr, guarantee that the inner surface of the hollow cavity of enclose inside that workpiece processing back forms is smooth; Promote that the scrap chip removal is easy, not sticking cutter; After cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining is accomplished, use gases at high pressure that the scrap that remains in the working angles in the boring cavity is blown out, clean out processed workpiece; Welded seam area in friction Stir; Adopt protective gas to protect; And through the pressure cooling system in the stirring-head, the temperature of control friction Stir zone and cutting zone, stress, strain and heat input remain on an optimal working state;

C. last, the position, another side of workpiece applies an end tab, will cut-friction Stir associating process equipment is drawn from workpiece, thus completion has the whole near clean time processing forming process of enclose inside hollow cavity body structure spare.

The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of twin shaft shoulder machining manufacture floats; Main axis rotation speed is 200-4000r/min, and process velocity is 10-1800mm/min, and axial compressive force is 0.1-80KN; Shield gas flow rate is 8-30L/min, thickness of workpiece 4-80mm;

Last mixing needle, following mixing needle and cutter tip adopt high speed steel material, perhaps mold heat steel, perhaps tool steel material, perhaps Hardmetal materials, perhaps ceramic material, perhaps composite;

On the cutter tip surface; Last mixing needle, down the mixing needle surface, go up shaft shoulder end face, lower shaft shoulder end face, adopt the MoS2/Ti nano composite membrane of Ti nano modification, perhaps adopt (C with nano TiN modified Ti; N) base metal-ceramic material; Perhaps use a type graphite/Cr composite deposite Graphit-iCTM, perhaps use the diamond-like nanocomposite film, to cutter tip, go up mixing needle, down mixing needle, go up the shaft shoulder, the shaft shoulder carries out surface Hardening Treatment down; To strengthen the resistance to wearing of cutter tip, stirring-head and shaft shoulder key position, anti-oxidant, high-temperature resistance, increase substantially the service life that cutting-friction Stir is united machining tool;

Protective gas is an inert gas: comprise the monobasic gas of argon gas, helium, and the binary gas that mixes each other, carry out the welding region protection;

Perhaps, protective gas is an active gases: comprise the monobasic gas of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and the binary or the multicomponent gas that mix each other, carry out the welding region protection;

Employing can be changed the cutting-friction Stir composite tool of milling head; Or adopt the fixedly cutting of milling head-friction Stir composite tool; Or to adopt milling head be the cutting-friction Stir composite tool of the twin shaft shoulder self-supporting of the shaft shoulder that can float, and perhaps adopts the cutting-friction Stir composite tool of cutter tip.

The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder process equipments that float, and the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of unsteady twin shaft shoulder unite machining manufactures, the purposes aspect following:

Be used for non-ferrous metal and ferrous metal and alloy material cutting-friction Stir associating processing and manufacturing thereof, comprise: carbon steel, steel alloy, high temperature alloy, stainless steel, copper and alloy thereof, aluminium and alloy thereof, magnesium and alloy thereof, titanium and alloy thereof;

Be used for conventional friction Stir: comprise friction stir spot welding, the agitating friction plug welding;

Be used for the current-carrying friction Stir: comprise the current-carrying friction stir spot welding, the plug welding of current-carrying agitating friction;

The multiple welding point form that is used for spot welding, butt joint, overlap joint, corner connection, full position;

Be used for surface modification treatment; The individual layer surface heap that comprises homogenous material applies the modification processing; Or the deposited modification processing of multiple-level surface heap, the surperficial heap of the individual layer of multiple material applies the modification processing, multiple-level surface is piled deposited modification processing, or the multiple-level surface of functionally gradient material (FGM) heap applies the modification processing;

Be used for violent plastic deformation and prepare ultra-fine grain or nanocrystal, comprise the ultra-fine grain or the nanocrystal preparation of high melting point metal materials and low melting point metal material;

Be used for the ice making sheets manufacturing, or be used for the cold plate manufacturing, or be used for the evaporation plate manufacturing; Or be used for the slice ice machine manufacturing, or be used for the plate ice machine manufacturing, or be used for the condenser manufacturing; Or be used for the evaporimeter manufacturing, or be used for the manufacturing of quick freezing unit, or be used for the manufacturing of ice making equipment; Or be used for the manufacturing of evaporation equipment, or the manufacturing that is used to ice energy storage system, or be used for the manufacturing of air-conditioning equipment;

Be used for the manufacturing of honeycomb flow passage structure, also be used for the manufacturing of honeycomb flow passage structure spare, or the manufacturing of barrel-like structure, or the manufacturing of en plaque structure;

Be used for ice making peculiar to vessel field; Or it is fresh-keeping to be used for the supermarket; Or be used for bird processing; Or be used for meat packing; Or be used for bread biscuit cake processing; Or be used for Dairy Production; Or be used to ice accumulation of energy; Or be used for concrete cooling; Or be used for chemical dyestuff; Or be used for nuclear power station; Or be used for Military Warship; Or be used for brewing industry; Or it is fresh-keeping to be used for vegetables and fruits; Or be used for mine cooling.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. a brand-new creationary unsteady twin shaft is takeed on two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir combined processing methods; And a kind of brand-new two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment; It is new with constraint with the mutual repellency of subduction formula machine-building principle that this brand-new mechanical manufacturing method and equipment have been broken through increment type machine-building principle; The two is combined closely; Form a kind of new principle, method and technology of the two mixing needle cutting-electroplating equipment wielding machine processing and manufacturings of novel unsteady twin shaft shoulder that organically blend, in mechanical manufacturing field and material processing field, the parallel simultaneously associating processing and manufacturing technology of carrying out of this cutting-welding is one and has landmark innovation theory, technology and method; It on the machining principle a huge breakthrough; Promoted greatly developing and scientific and technological progress of modern mechanical manufacturing technology, had broad application prospects, also had important engineering application value and scientific research value simultaneously in the practical applications field.

2. adopted in the compound or associating process equipment in the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of twin shaft shoulder of floating that the twin shaft that floats is takeed on, two mixing needle; This kind designing technique is with the obvious advantage; Two mixing needles connect two stirring shaft shoulders and even read part through transition and are connected, and two stirring shaft shoulders closely contact with two surfaces up and down of workpiece respectively, and the following shaft shoulder has replaced the northern rigid support backing plate of workpiece; Thereby welding procedure and jig Design have been simplified; And increased the flexibility of part assembling and welding, also can fundamentally eliminate weld seam lack of penetration with problem such as welding root defect, two-sided being heated evenly reduced part deformation greatly simultaneously.In addition, floating type two shaft shoulders that stir can be adjusted its position automatically according to workpiece, the dependence of control of the pressure in the welding process and Position Control is reduced greatly, thereby make the stationarity of welding process promote greatly.

3. adopt integral material to replace profile structure or split type sheet material processing structure, can under the condition that satisfies the intensity technical indicator, reduce welding residual stress, reduce welding deformation; Improved the service life of structural member; Alleviate the own wt of structural member, reduced the processing and manufacturing operation, reduced manufacturing cost; Can improve the bulk strength and the non-deformability of structural member, economize on resources, the energy and manpower.The twin shaft that floats takes on two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir combined processing methods and equipment is a kind of machine-building new method of nearly clean global formation special construction parts; The net shape of the hollow cavity structure of enclose inside is easy to control; Adaptability is strong; Can make the hollow cavity structure of multiple shape of cross section, the adaptability of product is strong, has significant manufacturing processed edge.

4. adopting the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining of twin shaft shoulder of floating to make new method replaces methods such as electric resistance welding, Laser Welding, the milling of T type, cover plate connection, section bar welding to produce the structural member of the special construction with inner hollow; Whole near-net-shape has improved manufacturing processing efficient; Do not need special cleaning work; Do not need other packing materials, the adaptability of manufacture of materials processing is good, product quality is high, easily be automated production process, in process of manufacture, does not have flue dust, radiation, splashes, harmful substances such as noise and arc light produce; Environmentally safe does not have harm to the operator.The surface quality of inner hollow structure can be cut instrument through milling and accurately controlled, and control method is simple.

5. the present invention is not only applicable to aluminum alloy materials; But also be applicable to other material, like magnesium alloy materials, stainless steel material, titanium alloy material etc., be not only applicable to make honeycomb runner ice making sheets; Also be applicable in the ice making sheets of other structures such as honeycomb runner, and the processing and manufacturing of ice making bucket; The present invention broken through the limitation of conventional mechanical process technology, formed the new method and the new approaches of machine-building processing, has wide practical applications in heating, air-conditioning, ice making, fresh-keeping, pharmacy, building, aquatic products, food service industry.

6. the present invention has opened up the novel friction stir welding connection technology in Solid-phase welding engineering field; Broken through the restriction of two conflicting processing thought of welding and cutting; Realized efficient, high-quality, that low-cost mechanical is made the effective coordination of processing method is unified with rationally; Inner the have use of special construction shape parts and the harsh requirement of process for machining and manufacturing have been reduced; The use limitation of employing cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining manufacturing new theory is perfect cutting and solder technology, thus contributing aspect sustainable development, the advanced machinery manufacturing technology process that satisfies the recycling economy demand and development of equipments and actual the utilization; The present invention has not only expanded the range of application of welding engineering, and has realized breakthrough in the cut theory with technical field, simultaneously; In the Surface Engineering field, also can obtain actual application and embodiment; In the manufacturing and the utilization of mechanical transmissioning piece and mechanism, plant equipment, critical component reparation, the preparation of advanced material; Resource circulation is utilized, and fields such as green circulation manufacturing and equipment, Surface Engineering have vitality.That the present invention has realized is efficient, low cost, high-quality, high stability, many applicabilities, multimode comprehensively are prone to the cutting controlled-weld new process.

7. the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of unsteady twin shaft shoulder of the present invention are united process equipments and method thereof and are integrated milling system or cutting system, stirring friction welding system, pressure cooling system, gas protection system, temperature-sensing system, pressure sensitive system, milling liquid supply system, no sensor-based system; Be parallel simultaneously associating or complex machining device and the method thereof of carrying out of a kind of milling or cut and friction Stir processing; Have that temperature control, gas shield, pressure detecting, cooling fluid protection, milling head are replaceable, the function of twin shaft shoulder self-supporting friction Stir; Workpiece is carried out milling-friction Stir combined machining method, can satisfy the requirement of strength of coloured light metal material, carbon steel material, alloy steel material machining.

In a word; The present invention is through providing the novel two mixing needle cutting-friction stir welding tools of unsteady twin shaft shoulder; And the use through the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir combined machining methods of twin shaft shoulder that float; Provide theoretical, utilize the comprehensive function of cutting-friction Stir, eliminate a series of difficult problems that adopt the conventional mechanical manufacturing technology based on advanced person's cutting-friction Stir associating processing and manufacturing of cutting and friction stir welding connection technology; Overcome an inner difficult problem with mechanized equipment key components and parts processing of unique construction shape; And, improved the quality of parts to the harsh requirement of process for machining and manufacturing and material, prolonged the service life of product; Realize low-cost, efficient, high-quality cutting-friction Stir processing and manufacturing process, expanded the practical applications field of welding engineering, cutting theory and tribology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the two mixing needle friction Stir of the unsteady twin shaft shoulder of the present invention-cutting Compound Machining is made the sketch map of new method and equipment thereof;

Among the figure, 1. stirring-head body; 2. cutter tip; 3. go up mixing needle; 4. go up the shaft shoulder; 5. connector; 6. workpiece; 7. hollow cavity; 8. cutting fluid channel; 9. cutting blade; 10. protective gas passage; 11. gas cavity; 12. multiple tube; 13. crossover sub; 14. movable sealing member; 15. unlimited inductive transmitter; 16. temperature sensor; 17. pressure sensor; 18. retained part; 19. stationary pipes joint; 20. cavity; 21. spring; 22. following mixing needle; 23. the following shaft shoulder; 24. bolt; 25. weld seam.

The specific embodiment

The present invention mainly comprises a kind of based on two mixing needle twin shaft shoulder cutting-friction Stir associating process equipments and the method thereof of floating.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is described further.

One. a kind of based on the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment

The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder of the present invention process equipments are that a kind of intelligentized cutting of integrated form-friction Stir that integrates multinomial critical functions such as temperature detection and control, parameter detecting, gas shield is united process equipment.

As shown in Figure 1; The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of twin shaft shoulder process equipment floats; Comprise stirring-head body 1; The last shaft shoulder 4 and the following shaft shoulder 23; Be positioned at the last mixing needle 3 of the shaft shoulder 4 bottoms and the following mixing needle 22 on the following shaft shoulder 23 tops; Spring 21 is connected with the retained part 18 of machine body with bolt 24, stirring-head body 1, and the cutting system that has self-supporting, self adaptation, self-stabilization in the bottom of last mixing needle 3, the following shaft shoulder 23 spring 21 through fixing bolt 24 and compression forms the unsteady shaft shoulder system with adaptation function; With the last shaft shoulder 4, go up mixing needle 3, mixing needle 22 and cutting system have constituted cutting-friction Stir associating process equipment of the two mixing needles of unsteady twin shaft shoulder down; This equipment comprises stirring friction welding system, cutting system, pressure cooling system, gas protection system, parameter sensing and monitoring system and sealing system, be parallel simultaneously associating of carrying out the work of a kind of cut and friction Stir processing or Compound Machining equipment in addition, this equipment also has the temperature and pressure of carrying out Detection & Controling, gas shield, cooling fluid protection, self-supporting float twin shaft shoulder self-stabilization and equilibrium function; This equipment can be used in the machining of non-ferrous metal, carbon steel, stainless steel, low-alloy high-strength steel, composite; This equipment is realized the manufacturing process with the multiple operation of traditional cutting and welding, multistation processing being transformed into time processing near-net-shape; Manufacturing cycle and processing cost have been reduced; Have efficient, high-quality, stable, energy-conservation technical characterstic; Broken through the limitation of conventional mechanical process technology; Formed and parallel associating of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of self-stabilization twin shaft shoulder made the new method of processing, had a wide practical applications in heating, air-conditioning, ice making, fresh-keeping, pharmacy, building, aquatic products, food service industry.

The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment; Said cutting system, comprise be arranged on the stirring-head body 1, at the cutter tip 2 of last mixing needle 3 bottoms, cutting blade 9; Cutting fluid channel 8, the connector 5 of cutter tip 2 and stirring-head body 1; Cutter tip 2 is by the cylindrical milling cutter head, or the T-slot cutter head, or the fish-tail cutter head, or the face and side cutter head, or the angular milling cutter head, or the cotter mill cutter head, or the metal saw head, or the form cutter head constitutes; Cutter tip 2 adopts the cutter tip of interchangeable bits, or adopts the fixedly bit of cutter head, or adopt a self-supporting, can float, adaptive cutter tip; Cutter tip 2 has shear action; The upper surface of cutter tip 2 uses as the following support shaft shoulder of going up mixing needle 3 in two mixing needles; The upward support shaft shoulder use of mixing needle 22 down in the two mixing needles of lower surface conduct of cutter tip 2; Therefore, cutter tip 2 has the dual-use function that mixing needle 3 and following mixing needle 22 help realization cutting-friction Stir are gone up in support; Cutter tip 2 is fixedly connected mode with 1 employing of stirring-head body or movable connection method assembles; When cutter tip 2 adopts movable connection method with stirring-head body 1; Cutter tip 2 is connected with stirring-head body 1 through the connector 5 of screw thread or spline mode; When cutter tip 2 and stirring-head body 1 adopts when being fixedly connected mode, cutter tip 2, connector 5 form as a whole with stirring-head body 1 through whole processing mode or welding manner; Cutting blade 9 is the formula of being fixed as one, and is perhaps split type, and split type cutting blade 9 is connected cutting blade 9 through screw fastening means or welding manner or cast setting mode with cutter tip 2; Cutter tip 2 is positioned at the bottom, as a whole with 1 one-tenth of stirring-head body of mixing needle 3, and cutter tip 2 with stirring-head body 1, go up mixing needle 3 together with identical speed rotation; Cutter tip 2 inside have cutter head cooling fluid supply passage 8, make cooling fluid can arrive the cutting position, guarantee that cutting, furfur, cooling procedure are in good condition, and the working angles of workpiece 6 is normally carried out.

Plant the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipments; Said stirring friction welding system comprises stirring-head body 1, goes up the shaft shoulder 4, goes up mixing needle 3 and goes up connector 5, following mixing needle 22, the following shaft shoulder 23, spring 21 and the bolt 24 that the bottom of mixing needle 3 is connected with cutter tip 2; Last mixing needle 3 and following mixing needle 22 are cylindrical, perhaps are conical; Last mixing needle 3 is smooth surfaces with following mixing needle 22 surfaces, or has the screw thread moulding, or has the moulding of sword tooth; The diameter of the diameter of the last shaft shoulder 4, the diameter of going up mixing needle 3 and height, cutter tip 2 and thickness, down mixing needle 22 diameter and height, go up the diameter of the shaft shoulder 4, the diameter coupling each other of the shaft shoulder 23 down; To guarantee that cutting system and stirring friction welding system have enough intensity and rigidity; The twin shaft shoulder that floats makes that through the acting in conjunction of bolt 24 and spring 21 upper surface of the shaft shoulder 23 keeps closely contacting with the lower surface of workpiece 6 down; And adjust automatically according to the smooth degree of workpiece 6 lower surfaces, workpiece 6 is accomplished cutting-stir friction welding process; Said pressure cooling system comprises 20, the water outlets of cavity and the entry multiple tube 12 that are arranged at an inner hollow structure of stirring-head body 1, cutting fluid channel 8; Said multiple tube 12 is used for cavity 20 is introduced and derived to cutting fluid; And with the blade of cutting fluid through cutting fluid channel 8 arrival cutter tips 2; Be used for the cut to workpiece 6, unnecessary cutting fluid is passed through cavity 20 circulating refluxs, and can play condensation to stirring-head; The temperature of control stirring-head avoids in friction rabbling welding termination process stirring-head temperature too high or heat up too fast and the service life and the working ability of infringement stirring-head; Multiple tube 12 is that outer tube and interior pipe original position are isolated the integrated structure of combination, and interior pipe is a delivery port, and it is little to compare its aperture of water inlet; And the water inlet openings of interior pipe is arranged in the top of stirring-head body 1 cavity 20; And mixing needle 3 is passed in the bottom of exhalant canal opening cavity 20 in stirring-head body 1 of multiple tube 12, near the terminal position of sharpener head 2; Realization is controlled the temperature of stirring-head body 1 and weld seam, and is that cutter tip 2 is carried cutting fluids; Said gas protection system; Be arranged at the end face and the place, side of the last shaft shoulder 4 of stirring-head body 1, mainly be made up of gas cavity in the stirring-head body 1 11 and protective gas path 10, set inside has air sifter; Make protective gas form laminar flow; Be used for forming effective gas shield at welding region, the high-temperature metal of protection friction welding district and heat affected area prevents that the metal of weld seam and heat affected area is at high temperature oxidized; Said parameter sensing and monitoring system comprise the thermal resistance type of the coupling certainly temperature sensor 16 and passive and wireless resistance formula pressure sensor 17 that are imbedded at the shaft shoulder 4 ends on the stirring-head, and wireless induction transmitter 15; Pressure sensor 17 can detect axial compressive force and radial pressure; Temperature sensor 8 is used to detect the shaft shoulder 4 and near sense temperature sensing thereof; Temperature sensor 16 is connected with the wireless induction transmitter 15 of pressure sensor 17 with stirring-head body 1 top; Constitute a kind of HTHP sensor-based system of passive and wireless, realize detection, record and monitoring friction stir welding temperature, pressure, torque parameter; Said sealing system; Be included in the movable sealing member 14, crossover sub 13 and the stationary pipes joint 19 that are provided with between cavity 20, gas cavity 11 and the multiple tube 12 of stirring-head body 1; Be used to reach the purpose of sealing liquid medium and protective gas; Stirring-head body 1 can be rotated freely; And the stationary pipes joint 19 that imports and derive liquid medium and protective gas does not rotate, and the movable sealing system adopts lip-type seal structure or slip plane hermetically-sealed construction, is a kind of movable sealing form with respect to multiple tube 12 main axis rotation of contact-type; Three specific characters that have insulation simultaneously, seal and move ensure that workpiece 6 is accomplished effectively cutting-friction Stir unites the near-net-shape process.

Two. a kind of based on the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir combined processing methods of unsteady twin shaft shoulder

Friction stir welding method of the present invention is a kind of based on the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir composite welding new methods of unsteady twin shaft shoulder, and the realization of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the unsteady twin shaft shoulder of employing the present invention process equipments has the structural parts whole near-net-shape of the special construction of inner hollow.Its detailed process is following:

As shown in Figure 1; The two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder machining manufacture; Used the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment; Based on the basic principle of cutting and friction Stir, the parallel simultaneously mechanical manufacturing method of carrying out cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining mode or uniting the whole near-net-shape of processing mode, its detailed process is:

A. use anchor clamps that workpiece 6 is carried out overall fixed; Process two " ten " fonts of " protruding " shape groove formation of symmetry stack up and down in workpiece 6 sides in advance; The top of two " protruding " shape grooves is opened on the upper surface and the lower surface of workpiece 6 respectively; " ten " font " protruding " shape groove is half-cylindrical shape, diameter, size and length with last mixing needle (3) and following mixing needle 22 and adapts and mate; The middle part of " ten " font " protruding " shape groove is positioned at the middle part of workpiece 6 sides; The size of its shape and size and cutter tip 2 adapts and matees, and the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft that will float shoulder process equipments are installed in two " protruding " shape grooves of " ten " font; Make the last mixing needle of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder process equipments that float) be positioned at the uprightly top of " protruding " shape groove of " ten " font; And will cut-lower surface of the last shaft shoulder 4 of friction Stir associating process equipment compresses with the upper surface of workpiece 6, at the upright friction Stir processing mode of top formation of " protruding " shape groove of " ten " font; And cut-cutter tip 2 of friction Stir associating process equipment is positioned at the middle part of formation " ten " two symmetries of font " protruding " shape groove, so that begin to form the cut mode from workpiece 6 middle point of one side; The following mixing needle 22 that makes the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of twin shaft shoulder of floating unite process equipment is positioned at the bottom of " ten " font handstand " protruding " shape groove; And the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of twin shaft shoulder of will floating unite the following shaft shoulder 23 upper surfaces of process equipment and the lower surface of workpiece 6 compresses through spring 21 and bolt 24, form another friction Stir processing mode in the bottom of " ten " font handstand " protruding " shape groove;

B. according to designing requirement, utilize the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder process equipment that floats, through the stirring-head inner passage; Use environmental-friendly water-base, harmless cutting fluid; Good cooling, lubricated, cleaning, antirust, corrosion inhibition are played in the cut position of workpiece 6, effectively avoid the generation of burr, guarantee that the inner surface of the hollow cavity 7 of enclose inside that workpiece 6 processing backs form is smooth; Promote that the scrap chip removal is easy, not sticking cutter; After cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining is accomplished, use gases at high pressure that the scrap that remains in the working angles in the boring cavity 7 is blown out, clean out processed workpiece 6; Weld seam 25 zones in friction Stir; Adopt protective gas to protect; And through the pressure cooling system in the stirring-head, the temperature of control friction Stir zone and cutting zone, stress, strain and heat input remain on an optimal working state;

C. last, the position, another side of workpiece 6 applies an end tab, will cut-friction Stir associating process equipment is drawn from workpiece 6, thus completion has the whole near clean time processing forming process of hollow cavity 7 structural members of enclose inside.

5. the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder according to claim 4 machining manufacture; It is characterized in that: main axis rotation speed is 200～4000r/min; Process velocity is 10～1800mm/min; Axial compressive force is 0.1～80KN, and shield gas flow rate is 8～30L/min, thickness of workpiece 4～80mm;

Last mixing needle 3, mixing needle 22 and cutter tip 2 down adopt high speed steel material, perhaps mold heat steel, perhaps tool steel material, perhaps Hardmetal materials, perhaps ceramic material, perhaps composite;

On cutter tip 2 surfaces; Last mixing needle 3, down mixing needle 22 surfaces, go up the shaft shoulder 4 end faces, the shaft shoulder 23 end faces down, adopt the MoS2/Ti nano composite membrane of Ti nano modification, perhaps adopt (C with nano TiN modified Ti; N) base metal-ceramic material; Perhaps use a type graphite/Cr composite deposite Graphit-iCTM, perhaps use the diamond-like nanocomposite film, to cutter tip 2, go up mixing needle 3, down mixing needle 22, go up the shaft shoulder 4, the shaft shoulder 23 carries out surface Hardening Treatment down; To strengthen the resistance to wearing of cutter tip, stirring-head and shaft shoulder key position, anti-oxidant, high-temperature resistance, increase substantially the service life that cutting-friction Stir is united machining tool;

Brief description basic principle of the present invention once and characteristics:

Adopt the basic principle of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder new method for processing that floats to be:

1) (can fix at the fixing milling cutter of the transition portion of two mixing needles through the method for welding; The part of the mixing needle that perhaps will specially keep is as knife bar; Again milling cutter or cutting tool are fixed on the knife bar), there is not relative motion between mixing needle and the milling cutter, thereby realizes carrying out synchronously of friction stir welding and cut longitudinally; Process associating processing and manufacturing enclose inside has the special construction spare of hollow cavity, can obtain good product quality;

2) fix a milling cutter through transition portion at two mixing needles; There is not relative motion between mixing needle and the milling cutter,, drives the rotation of milling cutter through the rotation of stirring-head under the normal condition; When compound tool along the metal side during working motion; Mixing needle that is rotating and milling cutter get into duty simultaneously, and mixing needle stirs complete metal surface once, and the milling cutter of mixing needle below mills out an inside groove in metal inside simultaneously; Through the continuous motion of stirring-head, can realize the sealing processing of metal inside groove.

3) through the effect of bolt and compression spring, remain down the upper surface that stirs the shaft shoulder and closely contact, and can increase the adaptability of process according to the distance between the automatic condition two stirring shaft shoulders of the smooth degree of workpiece lower surface with workpiece.

Adopt the cutting-friction Stir associating new method for processing of the two mixing needles of twin shaft shoulder that float that following advantage is arranged:

1) it is compound to have realized that friction stir welding and milling are processed simultaneously.The maximum characteristics of friction Stir are exactly to realize the solid-state connection of low-melting-point metal; Thereby the space of having avoided producing in the molten solder process, be mingled with, defective such as bubble; And the maximum characteristics of Milling Process are exactly the efficient height; Thermal diffusivity is good, and the present invention organically combines the advantage of the two, will obtain the Compound Machining advantage;

2) the softening metal of cutting heat energy that produces of milling cutter elder generation cutting metal, thus help the metal material on mixing needle welding top layer, cut to friction Stir portion of energy is provided;

3) adopt the two mixing needle designs of the twin shaft shoulder that floats; Two surfaces closely contact with the upper and lower surfaces of workpiece respectively up and down; Thereby welding procedure and jig Design have been simplified; Increased the flexibility of part assembling and welding, also fundamentally eliminate weld seam lack of penetration with problem such as welding root defect, two-sided being heated evenly reduced part deformation greatly simultaneously;

4) heat that in working angles, produces can be used as the thermal source input of friction stir welding, with the compound acting in conjunction of frictional heat, to low-melting-point metal, can improve quality of weld seam molding; To refractory metal, can solve in the weld zone or at the interface heat production not enough with is connected difficult problem, reduction is to the requirement of stirring-head material and manufacturing process;

5) metal inside sealing have the special construction spare of hollow cavity can the time processing near-net-shape; And the shape of hollow cavity can realize variation based on the movement locus of bite profile and mixing needle with distributing, and can realize the processing of curved slot in the integral metal material;

6) efficient of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir combined processing methods of unsteady twin shaft shoulder is high, cost is low, speed is fast; The processing of traditional metal materials hollow cavity need adopt multiple working procedure just can realize, but and the two mixing needle cutting-friction stir welding combined machining method one-shot formings of twin shaft shoulder of adopt floating; The present invention expand to use significant to cutting-solder technology in fields such as China's Aero-Space, national defence, military affairs.

Three. specific embodiment:

Following embodiment implements according to two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating process equipments of unsteady twin shaft shoulder provided by the invention and method thereof, but and does not mean that it is the restriction to protection domain of the present invention.

Example 1: the manufacturing processing of marine aluminium alloy serpentine flow path ice making sheets.3003 aluminum alloy materials; It is of a size of long 1.8m, wide 1.2m, thick 12mm, adopts two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating process equipments of the twin shaft shoulder that floats and method thereof to process, and the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir complex machining process of twin shaft shoulder float: the rotary speed of stirring-head and bite is 1200r/min; Speed of welding is 70mm/min; The employing argon gas is a protective gas, and its flow is 60L/min, adopts environmental-friendly water-base milling liquid to carry out Milling Process; Adopt end tab to take out the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining instruments of unsteady twin shaft shoulder; Make and do not stay keyhole on the aluminium alloy plate, adopt gases at high pressure cleaning hollow serpentine flow path, accomplish the whole near-net-shape of ice making sheets hollow serpentine flow path.

Example 2: the ice accumulation of energy is with the manufacturing processing of aluminum alloy honeycomb runner ice making sheets.6061 aluminum alloy materials; It is of a size of long 2.4m, wide 1.6m, thick 10mm, and aluminium alloy thick plate is passed through clamps in workbench, and the aluminium alloy thick plate back side is padded; Tight exists, and uses and adopts cutting-friction Stir associating process equipment and method thereof to process; Adopt cutting-friction Stir complex machining process: the rotary speed of stirring-head and bite is the rotation of 1000r/min speed, and speed of welding is 50mm/min, and the employing argon gas is a protective gas; Its flow is 42L/min; Adopt environmental-friendly water-base milling liquid to carry out Milling Process, take out cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining instrument, make and do not stay keyhole on the aluminium alloy plate with end tab; Adopt gases at high pressure cleaning hollow honeycomb runner, accomplish the whole near-net-shape of ice making sheets hollow honeycomb runner.

Claims

1. the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of unsteady twin shaft shoulder are united process equipment; It is characterized in that; Comprise stirring-head body (1); The last shaft shoulder (4) and the following shaft shoulder (23); Be positioned at the last mixing needle (3) of the shaft shoulder (4) bottom and the following mixing needle (22) on the following shaft shoulder (23) top; Spring (21) is connected with the retained part (18) of machine body with bolt (24), stirring-head body (1); At the cutting system that the bottom of last mixing needle (3) has self-supporting, self adaptation, self-stabilization, the spring (21) of the following shaft shoulder (23) through fixing bolt (24) and compression forms the unsteady shaft shoulder system with adaptation function, with the last shaft shoulder (4), go up mixing needle (3), mixing needle (22) is united process equipment with cutting-friction Stir that cutting system has constituted unsteady twin shaft shoulder pair mixing needles down; This equipment comprises stirring friction welding system, cutting system, pressure cooling system, gas protection system, parameter sensing and monitoring system and sealing system; Be parallel simultaneously associating or the Compound Machining equipment of carrying out the work of a kind of cut and friction Stir processing, in addition, this equipment also has the temperature and pressure of carrying out Detection & Controling, gas shield, cooling fluid protection, the unsteady twin shaft shoulder self-stabilization of self-supporting and equilibrium function; This equipment can be used in the machining of non-ferrous metal, carbon steel, stainless steel, low-alloy high-strength steel, composite; This equipment is realized the manufacturing process with the multiple operation of traditional cutting and welding, multistation processing being transformed into time processing near-net-shape; Manufacturing cycle and processing cost have been reduced; Have efficient, high-quality, stable, energy-conservation technical characterstic; Broken through the limitation of conventional mechanical process technology; Formed and parallel associating of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of self-stabilization twin shaft shoulder made the new method of processing, had a wide practical applications in heating, air-conditioning, ice making, fresh-keeping, pharmacy, building, aquatic products, food service industry.

2. the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder according to claim 1 process equipment; It is characterized in that: said cutting system; Comprise be arranged at stirring-head body (1) go up, at the cutter tip (2) of last mixing needle (3) bottom; Cutting blade (9), cutting fluid channel (8), the connector (5) of cutter tip (2) and stirring-head body (1); Cutter tip (2) is by the cylindrical milling cutter head, or the T-slot cutter head, or the fish-tail cutter head, or the face and side cutter head, or the angular milling cutter head, or the cotter mill cutter head, or the metal saw head, or the form cutter head constitutes; Cutter tip (2) adopts the cutter tip of interchangeable bit, or adopts the fixedly bit of cutter head, or adopt a self-supporting, can float, adaptive cutter tip; Cutter tip (2) has shear action; The upper surface of cutter tip (2) uses as the following support shaft shoulder of going up mixing needle (3) in two mixing needles; The upward support shaft shoulder use of mixing needle (22) down in the two mixing needles of lower surface conduct of cutter tip (2); Therefore, cutter tip (2) has the dual-use function that mixing needle (3) and following mixing needle (22) help realization cutting-friction Stir are gone up in support; Cutter tip (2) is fixedly connected mode with stirring-head body (1) employing or movable connection method assembles; When cutter tip (2) adopts movable connection method with stirring-head body (1); Cutter tip (2) is connected with stirring-head body (1) through the connector (5) of screw thread or spline mode; When cutter tip (2) and stirring-head body (1) adopt when being fixedly connected mode, cutter tip (2), connector (5) form as a whole with stirring-head body (1) through whole processing mode or welding manner; Cutting blade (9) is the formula of being fixed as one, and is perhaps split type, and split type cutting blade (9) is connected cutting blade (9) through screw fastening means or welding manner or cast setting mode with cutter tip (2); Cutter tip (2) be positioned at mixing needle (3) the bottom, become as a whole with stirring-head body (1), and cutter tip (2) and stirring-head body (1), go up mixing needle (3) together with identical speed rotation; Cutter tip (2) inside has cutter head cooling fluid supply passage (8), makes cooling fluid can arrive the cutting position, guarantees that cutting, furfur, cooling procedure are in good condition, and the working angles of workpiece (6) is normally carried out.

3. according to claim 1 or the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the described a kind of unsteady twin shaft shoulder of claim 2 process equipment; It is characterized in that: said stirring friction welding system comprises stirring-head body (1), goes up the shaft shoulder (4), goes up mixing needle (3) and goes up connector (5), following mixing needle (22), the following shaft shoulder (23), spring (21) and the bolt (24) that the bottom of mixing needle (3) is connected with cutter tip (2); Last mixing needle (3) and following mixing needle (22) are cylindrical, perhaps are conical; Last mixing needle (3) and following mixing needle (22) surface are smooth surfaces, or have the screw thread moulding, or have the moulding of sword tooth; The diameter of the diameter of the last shaft shoulder (4), the diameter of going up mixing needle (3) and height, cutter tip (2) and thickness, down the diameter of mixing needle (22) with height, go up the diameter of the shaft shoulder (4), the diameter of the shaft shoulder (23) must mate each other down; To guarantee that cutting system and stirring friction welding system have enough intensity and rigidity; The twin shaft shoulder that floats makes that through the acting in conjunction of bolt (24) and spring (21) upper surface of the shaft shoulder (23) keeps closely contacting with the lower surface of workpiece (6) down; And adjust automatically according to the smooth degree of workpiece (6) lower surface, workpiece (6) is accomplished cutting-stir friction welding process; Said pressure cooling system comprises the cavity (20) that is arranged at an inner hollow structure of stirring-head body (1), water outlet and entry multiple tube (12), cutting fluid channel (8); Said multiple tube (12) is used for cavity (20) is introduced and derived to cutting fluid; And with the blade of cutting fluid through cutting fluid channel (8) arrival cutter tip (2); Be used for the cut to workpiece (6), unnecessary cutting fluid is passed through cavity (20) circulating reflux, and can play condensation to stirring-head; The temperature of control stirring-head avoids in friction rabbling welding termination process stirring-head temperature too high or heat up too fast and the service life and the working ability of infringement stirring-head; Multiple tube (12) is that outer tube and interior pipe original position are isolated the integrated structure of combination, and interior pipe is a delivery port, and it is little to compare its aperture of water inlet; And the water inlet openings of interior pipe is arranged in the top of stirring-head body (1) cavity (20); And mixing needle (3) is passed in the bottom of the exhalant canal opening of multiple tube (12) cavity (20) in stirring-head body (1), near the terminal position of sharpener head (2); Realization is controlled the temperature of stirring-head body (1) and weld seam, and is that cutter tip (2) is carried cutting fluid; Said gas protection system; Be arranged at the end face and the place, side of the last shaft shoulder (4) of stirring-head body (1), mainly be made up of gas cavity (11) in the stirring-head body (1) and protective gas passage (10), set inside has air sifter; Make protective gas form laminar flow; Be used for forming effective gas shield at welding region, the high-temperature metal of protection friction welding district and heat affected area prevents that the metal of weld seam and heat affected area is at high temperature oxidized; Said parameter sensing and monitoring system comprise the thermal resistance type of the coupling certainly temperature sensor (16) and the passive and wireless resistance formula pressure sensor (17) that are imbedded at the shaft shoulder on the stirring-head (4) end, and wireless induction transmitter (15); Pressure sensor (17) can detect axial compressive force and radial pressure; Temperature sensor (8) is used to detect the shaft shoulder (4) and near sense temperature sensing thereof; Temperature sensor (16) is connected with the wireless induction transmitter (15) of pressure sensor (17) with stirring-head body (1) top; Constitute a kind of HTHP sensor-based system of passive and wireless, realize detection, record and monitoring friction stir welding temperature, pressure, torque parameter; Said sealing system; Be included in the movable sealing member (14), crossover sub (13) and the stationary pipes joint (19) that are provided with between cavity (20), gas cavity (11) and the multiple tube (12) of stirring-head body (1); Be used to reach the purpose of sealing liquid medium and protective gas; Stirring-head body (1) can be rotated freely; And the stationary pipes joint (19) that imports and derive liquid medium and protective gas does not rotate, and the movable sealing system adopts lip-type seal structure or slip plane hermetically-sealed construction, is a kind of movable sealing form with respect to multiple tube (12) main axis rotation of contact-type; Three specific characters that have insulation simultaneously, seal and move ensure that workpiece (6) is accomplished effectively cutting-friction Stir unites the near-net-shape process.

4. the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of unsteady twin shaft shoulder are united machining manufacture; It is characterized in that; Used the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of unsteady twin shaft shoulder process equipment with the said version of claim 1-3; Based on the basic principle of cutting and friction Stir, the parallel simultaneously mechanical manufacturing method of carrying out cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining mode or uniting the whole near-net-shape of processing mode, its detailed process is:

A. use anchor clamps that workpiece (6) is carried out overall fixed; Process two " ten " fonts of " protruding " shape groove formation of symmetry stack up and down in workpiece (6) side in advance; The top of two " protruding " shape grooves is opened on the upper surface and the lower surface of workpiece (6) respectively; " ten " font " protruding " shape groove is half-cylindrical shape, diameter, size and length with last mixing needle (3) and following mixing needle (22) and adapts and mate; The middle part of " ten " font " protruding " shape groove is positioned at the middle part of workpiece (6) side; The size of its shape and size and cutter tip (2) adapts and matees, and the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft that will float shoulder process equipments are installed in two " protruding " shape grooves of " ten " font; Make the last mixing needle (3) of the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder process equipment that floats be positioned at the uprightly top of " protruding " shape groove of " ten " font; And will cut-lower surface of the last shaft shoulder (4) of friction Stir associating process equipment compresses with the upper surface of workpiece (6), at the upright friction Stir processing mode of top formation of " protruding " shape groove of " ten " font; And cut-cutter tip (2) of friction Stir associating process equipment is positioned at the middle part of formation " ten " two symmetries of font " protruding " shape groove, so that begin to form the cut mode from workpiece (6) middle point of one side; The following mixing needle (22) that makes the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of twin shaft shoulder of floating unite process equipment is positioned at the bottom of " ten " font handstand " protruding " shape groove; And the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of twin shaft shoulder of will floating unite the following shaft shoulder (23) upper surface of process equipment and the lower surface of workpiece (6) compresses through spring (21) and bolt (24), form another friction Stir processing mode in the bottom of " ten " font handstand " protruding " shape groove;

B. according to designing requirement, utilize the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the twin shaft shoulder process equipment that floats, through the stirring-head inner passage; Use environmental-friendly water-base, harmless cutting fluid; Good cooling, lubricated, cleaning, antirust, corrosion inhibition are played in the cut position of workpiece (6), effectively avoid the generation of burr, guarantee that the inner surface of the hollow cavity of enclose inside (7) that workpiece (6) processing back forms is smooth; Promote that the scrap chip removal is easy, not sticking cutter; After cutting-friction Stir Compound Machining is accomplished, use gases at high pressure that the scrap that remains in the working angles in the boring cavity (7) is blown out, clean out processed workpiece (6); Weld seam (25) zone in friction Stir; Adopt protective gas to protect; And through the pressure cooling system in the stirring-head, the temperature of control friction Stir zone and cutting zone, stress, strain and heat input remain on an optimal working state;

C. last, the position, another side of workpiece (6) applies an end tab, will cut-friction Stir associating process equipment is drawn from workpiece (6), thus completion has the whole near clean time processing forming process of the hollow cavity of enclose inside (7) structural member.

Last mixing needle (3), following mixing needle (22) and cutter tip (2) adopt high speed steel material, perhaps mold heat steel, perhaps tool steel material, perhaps Hardmetal materials, perhaps ceramic material, perhaps composite;

On cutter tip (2) surface; Last mixing needle (3), down mixing needle (22) surface, go up the shaft shoulder (4) end face, the shaft shoulder (23) end face down; Adopt the MoS2/Ti nano composite membrane of Ti nano modification; Perhaps adopt (C, N) base metal-ceramic material, perhaps a use type graphite/Cr composite deposite Graphit-iCTM with nano TiN modified Ti; Perhaps use the diamond-like nanocomposite film; To cutter tip (2), go up mixing needle (3), down mixing needle (22), go up the shaft shoulder (4), the shaft shoulder (23) carries out surface Hardening Treatment down, to strengthen the resistance to wearing of cutter tip, stirring-head and shaft shoulder key position, anti-oxidant, high-temperature resistance, increases substantially the service life that cutting-friction Stir is united machining tool;

6. according to the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir associating of the described unsteady twin shaft shoulder of claim 1-3 process equipment; And the two mixing needle cutting-friction Stir of the described unsteady twin shaft shoulder of claim 4-5 are united machining manufactures, the purposes aspect following: