CN110434452B - Self-adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow section and welding method - Google Patents
Self-adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow section and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110434452B CN110434452B CN201910643947.7A CN201910643947A CN110434452B CN 110434452 B CN110434452 B CN 110434452B CN 201910643947 A CN201910643947 A CN 201910643947A CN 110434452 B CN110434452 B CN 110434452B
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- shaft shoulder
- welding
- floating
- stirring tool
- multilayer hollow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles and a welding method in the technical field of hollow profile welding, and aims to solve the technical problems that a stirring tool shakes greatly in the welding process of a fixed type multi-shoulder stirring tool in the prior art, and a stirring pin is easy to break. According to the invention, by arranging the floating shaft shoulder assembly, the distance between the shaft shoulders can be adjusted in real time according to the wall thickness change of the sectional material, the torque borne by the stirring needle is reduced, and the service life of a stirring tool is prolonged; the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hollow section welding, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive stirring tool for welding a multilayer hollow section and a welding method.
Background
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid phase welding technique invented by the british institute for welding (TWI) in 1991, and achieves reliable welding by generating heat through friction between a rotating tool shaft shoulder and a stirring head and a workpiece to be welded and mechanical stirring action of the stirring head to plasticize and flow materials at a welding position.
The conventional friction stir welding has high top forging force, a base plate is needed at the bottom of a welded material, and otherwise, defects are generated due to loss of plastic materials. For the common aluminum alloy hollow section bar in the industry, the adding of the backing plate is not easy to realize, in order to realize the welding of the hollow section bar, on the basis of the conventional friction stir welding technology, a double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding technology is invented, the double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding technology adopts a self-supporting stirring tool with an upper shaft shoulder and a lower shaft shoulder, the two shaft shoulders are connected with a stirring head with the same thickness as the welded structure, the upper shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder rotate together with a stirring pin and interact with the welded material to realize the welding, wherein the lower shaft shoulder replaces a rigid supporting backing plate at the back, and therefore, the double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding technology can be suitable for the welding of the hollow section bar.
At present, the double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding is very common in hollow section welding, but when the technology is used for welding the hollow section, an upper welding seam and a lower welding seam need to be welded twice, a plurality of parallel welding seams can be welded once by adopting a multi-shaft-shoulder stirring tool, the welding process can be greatly simplified, and the welding efficiency is improved. Because the section bar has tolerance, when adopting fixed many shaft shoulders stirring tool welding, stirring tool shake is great among the many shaft shoulders welding process, easily causes the stirring pin fracture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles and a welding method, and aims to solve the technical problem that a stirring pin is easy to break due to large shaking of the stirring tool in the welding process of a fixed multi-shaft-shoulder stirring tool in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a multilayer cavity section bar welded self-adaptation stirring tool, includes the upper shaft shoulder body, install unsteady shaft shoulder subassembly and lower shaft shoulder body on the upper shaft shoulder body in proper order, the upper shaft shoulder body includes the shaft shoulder, the shaft shoulder body includes down the shaft shoulder down, the shaft shoulder subassembly that floats is including the shaft shoulder that floats, the axial distance between unsteady shaft shoulder and upper shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder is adjustable.
The floating shaft shoulder and the upper shaft shoulder body are in key connection.
The floating shaft shoulder assembly comprises a floating shaft shoulder body and a cylinder body, the cylinder body is of a sleeve structure with inward flanges at two ends, the center of the floating shaft shoulder body is a through hole, one end of the floating shaft shoulder body is a floating shaft shoulder, the number of the floating shaft shoulder body is 2, the floating shaft shoulder body is matched with the flanges at two ends of the cylinder body through an open slot, and the floating shaft shoulder body and the cylinder body can slide relatively in the axial direction.
The width of the open slot is 2-5 mm larger than that of the flange.
The upper shaft shoulder body is internally provided with a channel which is coaxial with the upper shaft shoulder body, and the outlet of the channel is positioned in a cavity formed by the floating shaft shoulder assembly.
The upper shaft shoulder body comprises a connecting structure, the connecting structure is connected with the lower shaft shoulder body through connecting threads, and the lower shaft shoulder body is axially positioned through the boss.
The upper shaft shoulder, the floating shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder are all convex outwards, and concentric circular grooves or thread grooves are formed in the shaft shoulder surfaces.
The upper shaft shoulder body comprises a clamping handle, and the clamping handle is clamped by a side top or is clamped concentrically.
The upper shaft shoulder body comprises a stirring pin, the stirring pin comprises an upper stirring pin and a lower stirring pin, the stirring pin is cylindrical, 3-5 platforms are processed along the circumferential direction, and 2-3 circles of circular grooves are processed along the length direction.
A welding method for multi-layer hollow section bars uses a self-adaptive stirring tool for welding multi-layer hollow section bars to weld the hollow section bars.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, by arranging the floating shaft shoulder assembly, the distance between the shaft shoulders can be adjusted in real time according to the wall thickness change of the sectional material, the torque borne by the stirring needle is reduced, and the service life of a stirring tool is prolonged;
(2) according to the invention, the hollow section is welded by using the self-adaptive stirring tool, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an overall structure of an adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles, provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural sectional view of an upper shoulder body of an adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles, provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural sectional view of a floating shoulder of an adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles, provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural sectional view of a cylinder body of an adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the lower shoulder body of the adaptive stirring tool for welding the multilayer hollow profiles, provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a welding process using an adaptive stirring tool for multi-layer hollow profile welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an upper shaft shoulder body; 10. a clamping handle; 11. a channel; 12. an upper shaft shoulder; 13. a stirring pin; 131. an upper stirring pin; 132. a lower stirring pin; 14. a key; 15. a channel outlet; 16. a connecting structure; 161. a boss; 162. connecting threads; 2. a lower shaft shoulder body; 21. a stepped hole; 211. macropores; 212. a threaded hole; 22. a lower shaft shoulder; 3. a floating shoulder assembly; 31. a floating shaft shoulder body; 311. a floating shaft shoulder; 312. a keyway; 313. an open slot; 32. a cylinder body; 321. a flange; 322. and (5) a cylinder wall.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. As used in the description of the present invention, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "up," "down" and "in" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the stirring tool for welding the multilayer hollow section is assembled by a plurality of split parts. The split parts comprise an upper shaft shoulder body and a lower shaft shoulder body which are arranged at the upper end and the lower end, and further comprise a floating shaft shoulder assembly which is connected in series between the upper shaft shoulder body and the lower shaft shoulder body, and the split parts are sequentially connected and assembled together through a connecting mechanism. The upper shaft shoulder body, the lower shaft shoulder body and the floating shaft shoulder assembly are in an axisymmetric structure, and when the upper shaft shoulder body, the lower shaft shoulder body and the floating shaft shoulder assembly are assembled together, the symmetric axes of the upper shaft shoulder body, the lower shaft shoulder body and the floating shaft shoulder assembly are positioned on the same vertical line. The upper shaft shoulder body and the floating shaft shoulder assembly are matched through keys, and the upper shaft shoulder body is in threaded connection with the lower shaft shoulder body. The floating shaft shoulder assembly is a closed space formed by assembling two floating shaft shoulder bodies and a cylinder body, and the volume of the floating shaft shoulder assembly can be changed within a certain range. Air or oil liquid with certain pressure is introduced into a closed space formed by the floating shaft shoulder body and the cylinder body, and the position of the floating shaft shoulder is adjusted through air pressure or hydraulic pressure, so that the shaft shoulder distance is adjusted in real time according to the change of the wall thickness of the section bar, the torque received by the stirring needle is reduced, and the service life of the stirring tool is prolonged.
The upper shaft shoulder body is provided with a clamping handle which adopts side top clamping or concentric clamping. The center of the upper shaft shoulder body is provided with a channel, the outlet of the channel is positioned between the upper stirring pin and the lower stirring pin, and two outlets of the channel are symmetrically distributed along the circumferential direction in the inner space of the floating shaft shoulder assembly. Gas or oil can enter the cavity of the floating shaft shoulder assembly through the channel to drive the floating shaft shoulder body to move along the axial direction. The upper shaft shoulder body also comprises an upper shaft shoulder, a stirring pin, a key and a connecting structure. The stirring pin comprises an upper stirring pin and a lower stirring pin, the stirring pin is cylindrical, 3-5 platforms are processed along the circumferential direction, 2-3 circles of circular grooves are processed along the length direction, the platforms and the circular grooves on the stirring pin are used for enabling plasticized materials near a butt joint interface to fully flow and mix, and the problem that a welding seam is not formed or poor in forming is solved. The key is arranged between the upper stirring pin and the lower stirring pin and is integrally processed on the upper shaft shoulder body. The connecting structure comprises a boss and connecting threads, the boss is used for positioning the lower shaft shoulder body, and the connecting threads are used for installing the lower shaft shoulder body.
The lower shaft shoulder body consists of a lower shaft shoulder and a stepped hole, and the stepped hole consists of a large hole and a threaded hole; the big hole is matched with a boss of the connecting structure on the upper shaft shoulder body, and the threaded hole is matched with the connecting thread of the connecting structure.
The floating shaft shoulder assembly consists of two floating shaft shoulder bodies and a cylinder body, the floating shaft shoulder bodies are of middle through holes, one ends of the floating shaft shoulder bodies are convex floating shaft shoulders, key grooves are machined in the side walls of the through holes, and the key grooves are matched with keys on the upper shaft shoulder bodies; the outer side surface of the shaft shoulder is provided with an open slot along the circumferential direction. The cylinder body is of a sleeve structure with two ends protruding inwards and consists of a flange and a cylinder wall. The flange is matched with the opening groove of the floating shaft shoulder. The width of the flange is 2-5 mm less than the width of the open slot, and the flange can slide up and down in the open slot, so that the floating of the shaft shoulder is controlled.
The upper shaft shoulder, the floating shaft shoulder and the lower shaft shoulder are all in an outer convex shape, a concentric circle groove or a spiral groove is processed on the surface of the shaft shoulder, the concentric circle and the spiral groove are used for increasing the stirring effect of the shaft shoulder on plasticized materials and promoting the formation of a welding seam, and the spiral groove also has the function of enabling plasticized metals to be cohesive, so that welding flash is greatly reduced.
As shown in figure 6, the upper shaft shoulder body, the floating shaft shoulder assembly and the lower shaft shoulder body are selected to be combined to carry out multi-shaft shoulder friction stir welding on the hollow section bar with the variable thickness, the floating shaft shoulder can slide up and down along with the change of the wall thickness of the section bar, so that an upper welding seam and a lower welding seam can be welded under the most appropriate pressing amount, and the welding speed during initial welding is about 10% -30% of the stable welding speed.
The self-adaptive stirring tool for welding the multilayer hollow section not only can complete the welding forming of the multi-channel parallel welding seam of the hollow section at one time, but also can adjust the press-in amount in the welding process according to the plate thickness through the design of the floating shaft shoulder. Meanwhile, the upper shaft shoulder body, the floating shaft shoulder assembly and the lower shaft shoulder body of different models can be selected to be combined according to the wall thickness of the section bar and the cavity distance of the hollow section bar, and the upper shaft shoulder body, the floating shaft shoulder assembly and the lower shaft shoulder body are convenient to replace and easy to operate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The self-adaptive stirring tool for welding the multilayer hollow section is characterized by comprising an upper shaft shoulder body (1), wherein a floating shaft shoulder component (3) and a lower shaft shoulder body (2) are sequentially arranged on the upper shaft shoulder body (1), the upper shaft shoulder body (1) comprises an upper shaft shoulder (12), the lower shaft shoulder body (2) comprises a lower shaft shoulder (22), the floating shaft shoulder component (3) comprises a floating shaft shoulder (311), and the axial distance between the floating shaft shoulder (311) and the upper shaft shoulder (12) and the axial distance between the floating shaft shoulder (311) and the lower shaft shoulder (22) are adjustable;
floating shaft shoulder subassembly (3) are including floating shaft shoulder body (31) and cylinder body (32), cylinder body (32) are equipped with the sleeve structure of inside flange (321) for both ends, the center of floating shaft shoulder body (31) is the through-hole, and one end is floating shaft shoulder (311), 2 floating shaft shoulder body (31) pass through open slot (313) respectively with flange (321) the cooperation at cylinder body (32) both ends, floating shaft shoulder body (31) can be at axial relative slip with cylinder body (32).
2. The adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the floating shaft shoulder (311) is connected with the upper shaft shoulder body (1) by a key.
3. The adaptive stirring tool for welding the multilayer hollow profiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the open slot (313) is 2-5 mm larger than the width of the flange (321).
4. The adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a channel (11) is arranged in the upper shoulder body (1), the channel (11) is coaxial with the upper shoulder body (1), and the channel outlet (15) is located in a cavity formed by the floating shoulder assembly (3).
5. The adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the upper shaft shoulder body (1) comprises a connecting structure (16), the connecting structure (16) is connected with the lower shaft shoulder body (2) through a connecting thread (162), and the lower shaft shoulder body (2) is axially positioned through a boss (161).
6. The adaptive stirring tool for welding the multilayer hollow profiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper shaft shoulder (12), the floating shaft shoulder (311) and the lower shaft shoulder (22) are all convex, and concentric circular grooves or threaded grooves are arranged on the shaft shoulder surfaces.
7. The adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow profiles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper shoulder body (1) comprises a clamping shank (10), the clamping shank (10) being clamped laterally or concentrically.
8. The adaptive stirring tool for welding the multilayer hollow profiles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper shaft shoulder body (1) comprises a stirring pin (13), the stirring pin (13) comprises an upper stirring pin (131) and a lower stirring pin (132), the stirring pin (13) is cylindrical, 3-5 platforms are processed along the circumferential direction, and 2-3 circular grooves are processed along the length direction.
9. A method for welding a multilayer hollow profile, characterized in that the hollow profile is welded by using the adaptive stirring tool for welding a multilayer hollow profile according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910643947.7A CN110434452B (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Self-adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow section and welding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910643947.7A CN110434452B (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Self-adaptive stirring tool for welding multilayer hollow section and welding method |
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| CN110434452A CN110434452A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| CN110434452B true CN110434452B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110877148B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-11 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Multistage floating type shaft shoulder dual-drive friction stir welding device and welding method |
| CN112091409A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Self-holding type middle shaft shoulder static stirring friction welding head and welding method |
| CN112108756A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Self-holding type static shaft shoulder friction stir welding device and welding method thereof |
| CN112548313A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 昆山万洲特种焊接有限公司 | Welding tool and method for processing internal flow channel by using friction stir processing technology |
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| DK1793961T3 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2010-03-15 | Alcoa Inc | Fixed coil tools with a plurality of shoulders for simultaneous friction stir welding of a plurality of parallel walls between parts |
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