CN115815210A - Cleaning and defect detection method, cleaning equipment and cleaning system for casting shell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of casting shell cleaning, in particular to a method, a cleaning device and a cleaning system for cleaning a casting shell and detecting defects; a method for cleaning and detecting defects of a casting shell comprises the following steps of S1: in the step of die assembly of the die, a pouring gate disc with a proper specification is selected according to the specification size and the number of the die, a ring is arranged at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc, and a lacing wire which is made of the same material as the die is arranged at the highest point of the die and is connected with the ring at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc to form a die set; s2: manufacturing a shell on the module; s3: the pouring cup of the manufactured shell faces downwards, and compressed air is utilized to preliminarily clean the interior of the shell to be cleaned; s4: the pouring cup is upward, and the rubber plug is placed in the shell and is tightly plugged; placing the shell on a pre-made cleaning device with the sprue cup facing downwards; the cleaning and defect inspection method for the casting shell can realize safe and rapid cleaning of various high-quality casting shells of aerospace, ships and the like, and can complete rapid and effective detection of the shell defects.

Description

Cleaning and defect detection method, cleaning equipment and cleaning system for casting shell

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of casting shell cleaning, in particular to a method, a cleaning device and a cleaning system for cleaning a casting shell and detecting defects.

Background

For various high-quality castings of aerospace, ships and the like, the requirements on the internal metallurgical quality are quite high, and the defects of inclusion and sand inclusion are generally not allowed. And if substances such as sand, surface layer pieces, dust, silica sol, ash content of wax and the like exist in the casting shell before casting, molten metal is easily involved in the casting process, so that inclusions and sand inclusion are formed in the casting, and the practice shows that the cleanliness of alloy liquid can be improved and the slag inclusion of the casting is greatly reduced by adopting shell cleaning measures.

In the past, two modes are generally adopted for cleaning the inner cavity of the shell: one is to blow the cavity of the shell by using compressed air, but because the structure of the cavity of the shell is complex, the corners of a complex workpiece cannot be blown, and impurities are not easy to discharge; the other method is to use clear water or alcohol and other solutions to clean the inner cavity of the shell.

Shell cleaning is roughly divided into two modes: one method is to put the shell under warm water and wash the shell by matching with compressed air, but in the method, because the back layer of the shell and the surface layer are immersed under water together, the impurities of the back layer easily enter the cavity to cause secondary pollution of the shell, the cleaning effect is not good, and the method can not realize the rapid inspection of the shell defect; the other method is to transport the shell to the open space, manually shake and clean the shell after filling alcohol into the shell, pour out the old alcohol after shaking, but the method has low cleaning efficiency, large labor intensity of workers and uncontrollable operation, and the stability of the shell is reduced to a certain extent to increase the probability of shell damage, thereby causing shell defect inspection failure.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of poor cleaning effect of shell detection in the prior art, and to provide a method, a cleaning device and a cleaning system for cleaning a casting shell and detecting defects.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for cleaning and detecting defects of a casting shell, which comprises the following steps:

s1: in the step of die assembly of the die, a pouring gate disc with a proper specification is selected according to the specification size and the number of the die, a ring is arranged at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc, and a lacing wire which is made of the same material as the die is arranged at the highest point of the die and is connected with the ring at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc to form a die set;

s2: manufacturing a shell on the module;

s3: the pouring cup of the manufactured shell faces downwards, and compressed air is utilized to preliminarily clean the interior of the shell to be cleaned;

s4: the pouring cup is upward, and the rubber plug is placed in the shell and is tightly plugged;

placing the shell on a pre-made cleaning device with the pouring cup facing downwards, and fixing the shell by using a fastening belt;

s5: slowly filling the cleaning liquid into the shell through the pouring cup by using an internal circulation pump mechanism in the cleaning equipment, and after the cleaning liquid in the shell reaches a certain liquid level, closing the internal circulation pump mechanism and closing a pneumatic valve for controlling the liquid in the shell by the cleaning equipment;

slowly blowing compressed gas into the shell through the sprue cup, and closing after blowing for a period of time; starting a pneumatic vibration device of the cleaning equipment, closing the pneumatic vibration device after vibrating for a period of time under certain intensity, and then controlling the cleaning equipment to drive the shell to do rotary reciprocating swing within a preset rotating range according to the process requirement of rough washing of the shell;

starting a pneumatic valve, pouring cleaning liquid below the shell for containing the cleaning liquid in a container, and finishing rough cleaning of the shell;

s6: taking out the rubber plug placed in the shell, placing the shell on cleaning equipment with the pouring cup facing downwards, and fixing the shell again;

when the pneumatic valve is in a closed state, a new cleaning solution is slowly filled into the shell through the pouring cup by using an external circulation pump mechanism, after the cleaning solution in the shell reaches a certain liquid level, the external circulation pump mechanism is closed, and then the cleaning equipment is controlled to drive the shell to rotate and swing back and forth within a preset rotating range according to the process requirement of rough cleaning of the shell; spraying a cleaning liquid indicator on the surface of the shell in the shell cleaning process;

opening a pneumatic valve, pouring cleaning liquid into a container for containing the cleaning liquid below the shell while swinging the shell, and finishing fine cleaning of the shell;

s7: judging whether the shell is continuously used or not according to the cleanliness of the cleaning liquid discharged after the shell is finely washed and the crack condition indicated by an external cleaning liquid indicator;

aiming at the usable shell, the pouring cup is downward, and the shell is dried by adopting a hot air blowing mode;

after the shell is roasted for the second time, the interior of the shell is cleaned by compressed air before casting.

Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and S5a arranged between S5 and S6, wherein the S5a comprises slowly filling new cleaning liquid into the shell through the sprue cup by using an air pump, and finishing the subsequent operation of S5 to finish the semi-fine cleaning of the shell.

Further, in S6, a washing liquid indicator is sprayed to the outer surface of the shell during the shell washing process, and may be replaced with: and after the shell is cleaned, blocking the pouring cup and the opening of the shell, and immersing the shell into the cleaning liquid indicator and quickly taking out the shell.

Further, in the steps S3, S5, and S7, the compressed air is dry gas without water and oil.

Further, the rubber plug is used for guiding air bubbles to enter the shell through the lacing wire and blocking the air bubbles from directly escaping from the pouring gate disc.

Further, the cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol or an ethanol solution;

the cleaning liquid indicator is alkaline solution or low-concentration potassium permanganate solution.

The invention also provides a cleaning device for the casting shell, which is used in the cleaning and defect detection method for the casting shell.

Further, comprising: the host platform is arranged on the host frame, and the host platform is provided with a console and a pneumatic vibration device;

the cleaning and rotating device is positioned on the host platform and comprises a rotating assembly, a gear rack mechanism and a pneumatic rotating and locking mechanism; the rotating assembly comprises a main shaft, the main shaft penetrates through the host platform, the main shaft is of a hollow structure, the main shaft is arranged corresponding to the shell, and the bottom of the main shaft is provided with a pneumatic valve;

the rack-and-pinion mechanism is positioned at the bottom of the host platform and comprises a guide assembly, a linear cylinder, a rack and a gear, the guide assembly is connected with the host platform, the linear cylinder is arranged on the guide assembly, the gear is sleeved on the spindle, the rack is arranged on the guide assembly, the rack is meshed and connected with the gear, and the linear cylinder drives the rack to reciprocate along the extension direction of the guide assembly and drives the gear and the spindle to rotate together;

the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism is sleeved on the main shaft, and a fastening belt is arranged on the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism and used for fastening the shell;

the internal circulation pump mechanism is connected with the main cylinder and is used for conveying the cleaning liquid in the main cylinder into the main shaft and the shell for rough cleaning;

and the outer circulation pump mechanism is connected with the auxiliary cylinder and is used for conveying the cleaning liquid in the auxiliary cylinder to the main shaft and the shell for secondary fine cleaning.

Further, pneumatic rotatory locking mechanism includes revolving cylinder and connecting rod seat, the bandage connecting rod, and the tray, revolving cylinder, the connecting seat, and the tray overlaps in proper order and locates on the main shaft, the connecting seat is located between revolving cylinder and the tray, and the bandage connecting rod locates in the connecting seat, the bandage connecting rod has the dead lever, the dead lever is inserted in the rotation portion on the tray, revolving cylinder drive connecting rod seat rotates, remove in the rotation portion in order to drive the dead lever, in order to tighten up the fastening area of locating on the bandage connecting rod.

The invention also provides a cleaning system for the casting shell, which further comprises:

the blowing dust removal compartment is arranged on the host platform, and a blowing device is arranged in the blowing dust removal compartment and is suitable for blowing the shell;

and the belt conveying detection device is arranged on the host platform, the cleaned shell is conveyed to the belt conveying detection device, and the belt conveying detection device comprises an endoscope for detecting the internal structure of the shell.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a method for cleaning a casting shell and detecting defects, which comprises the following steps: s1: in the step of die assembly of the die, a pouring gate disc with a proper specification is selected according to the specification size and the number of the die, a ring is arranged at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc, and a lacing wire which is made of the same material as the die is arranged at the highest point of the die and is connected with the ring at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc to form a die set; s2: manufacturing a shell on the module; s3: the pouring cup of the module is downward, and compressed air is utilized to primarily clean the interior of the shell to be cleaned; s4: the pouring cup is upward, and the rubber plug is placed in the shell and is tightly plugged; placing the shell on a pre-made cleaning device with the pouring cup facing downwards, and fixing the shell by using a fastening belt; s5: when the pneumatic valve is in a closed state, the cleaning liquid is slowly filled into the shell through the pouring cup by using an internal circulation pump mechanism in the cleaning equipment, and after the cleaning liquid in the shell reaches a certain liquid level, the internal circulation pump mechanism is closed; slowly blowing compressed gas into the shell through the sprue cup, and closing after blowing for a period of time; starting a pneumatic vibration device of the cleaning equipment, closing the pneumatic vibration device after vibrating for a period of time under certain intensity, and then controlling the cleaning equipment to drive the shell to do rotary reciprocating swing within a preset rotating range according to the process requirement of rough washing of the shell; starting a pneumatic valve, pouring cleaning liquid below the shell for containing the cleaning liquid in a container, and finishing rough cleaning of the shell; s6: taking out the rubber plug placed in the shell, placing the shell on cleaning equipment with the pouring cup facing downwards, and fixing the shell again; when the pneumatic valve is in a closed state, a new cleaning solution is slowly filled into the shell through the pouring cup by using an external circulation pump mechanism, after the cleaning solution in the shell reaches a certain liquid level, the external circulation pump mechanism is closed, and then the cleaning equipment is controlled to drive the shell to rotate and swing back and forth within a preset rotating range according to the process requirement of rough cleaning of the shell; in the shell cleaning process, spraying a cleaning liquid indicator on the surface of the shell; opening a pneumatic valve, pouring the cleaning solution into a container for containing the cleaning solution below the shell while swinging the shell, and finishing the fine cleaning of the shell; s7: judging whether the shell is continuously used or not according to the cleanliness of the cleaning liquid discharged after the shell is finely washed and the crack condition indicated by an external cleaning liquid indicator; aiming at the usable shell, the pouring cup is downward, and the shell is dried by adopting a hot air blowing mode; after the shell is roasted for the second time, the inside of the shell is cleaned before being cast by utilizing compressed air before being cast.

Firstly, a module is manufactured by utilizing a pattern, wherein the number and the size of the pattern are set according to the actual situation. Selecting a pouring gate disc, arranging a ring at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc, and arranging a lacing wire which is made of the same material as the pattern at the highest point of the pattern and is connected with the ring at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc to form a module; after the shell is manufactured, the connection between the sprue cup and the tie bars of the module is utilized, so that compressed air can enter the cavity through the sprue cup, and the inside of the cavity is cleaned. Specifically, in the actual cleaning process, the rubber plug is placed in the shell, the shell is fixed by the fastening belt, the cleaning liquid is filled into the shell by the internal circulating pump mechanism in the closed state of the pneumatic valve, and the cleaning liquid is discharged after cleaning, so that the rough cleaning of the shell is realized; and then the cleaning liquid is filled into the shell by using the external circulating pump mechanism, and the cleaning liquid is discharged after cleaning, so that the shell is finely cleaned. The arrangement of the rubber plug prevents the cleaning liquid from flowing out of the joint of the pouring cup and the ring; at the same time, the openings in the mould shell allow air bubbles in the mould shell to escape.

And finally, spraying a cleaning liquid indicator on the surface of the shell, and then spraying a developer on the surface of the shell, namely, displaying the crack condition on the surface of the shell, thereby realizing the defect detection of the shell.

The cleaning and defect inspection method for the casting shell can realize safe, efficient and rapid cleaning of various high-quality casting shells of aerospace, ships and the like, and can complete rapid and effective inspection of the shell;

the method for cleaning the casting shell and detecting the defects of the casting shell can improve the production efficiency and the shell cleaning effect, can judge whether the shell meets the casting process requirements or not according to the shell cleaning liquid and the crack condition, avoids casting scrapping caused by casting shell surface layer falling or insufficient casting shell strength in the pouring process of a casting, and provides a powerful guarantee for realizing high-quality and high-stability mass production of high-quality castings.

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a module according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a variation module according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a module according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a shell provided by the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rubber plug provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal circulation pump mechanism of the foundry shell cleaning apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an external circulation pump mechanism of the foundry shell washing apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning rotary device of the casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a cleaning rotating device of a casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a rotating assembly of the casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a rack and pinion mechanism of the casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

figure 13 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic rotary locking mechanism of a casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a connecting rod seat of the casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a bandage connecting rod of the casting shell cleaning apparatus provided in the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a rotary cylinder of the cleaning apparatus for a casting shell according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a seal assembly of the foundry shell cleaning apparatus provided in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a blowing device of the casting shell cleaning apparatus provided by the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. performing pattern molding; 11. a runner pan; 12. a loop; 13. stretching a rib;

2. molding a shell; 21. a pouring cup; 22. an opening 22; 23. a rubber plug; 24. a tab 24; 3. a console; 4. an industrial robot;

5. a blowing device; 51. a housing; 52. a guide cylinder; 53. an air tap;

6. a host platform; 7. a host frame; 8. a host machine cover;

9. cleaning the rotating device; 91. a rotating assembly; 911. a main shaft; 912. a flange base; 913. a bearing; 914. a base cover; 915. a nut;

92. a rack and pinion mechanism; 921. a gear; 922. a rack; 923. a linear cylinder; 924. a connecting seat; 925. a rack guide table; 926. a protective cover;

93. a pneumatic rotation locking mechanism; 931. a tray; 932. a bandage connecting rod; 933. a connecting rod seat; 934. a cylinder; 935. a rotating cylinder; 936. a chute; 937. fixing the rod; 938. positioning a rod;

94. a seal assembly; 941. connecting the rubber nozzle; 942. connecting a rubber ring; 943. a rubber pad;

95. cleaning the disc;

96. a three-way swivel joint;

97. a one-way delivery valve;

98. a pneumatic valve;

10. a main barrel; 101. a liquid level indicator;

11. an internal circulation pump mechanism; 111. an internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump; 112. an internal circulation check valve; 113. a filter box; 114. an internal circulation pipe;

12. a pneumatic vibration device;

13. an external circulation pump mechanism; 131. an external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump; 132. an external circulation check valve; 133. an external circulation pipe;

14. an auxiliary cylinder;

15. a belt conveyance detection device; 151. a support frame; 152. an endoscope; 153. a camera; 154. and (5) conveying the belt.

Detailed Description

In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art can appreciate, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.

In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "straight", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the present disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Throughout the description of the present disclosure, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, either mechanically, electrically, or otherwise in communication with one another; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood as a specific case by a person of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise the first and second features being in direct contact, or may comprise the first and second features being in contact, not directly, but via another feature in between. Also, the first feature "on," "above" and "over" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the disclosure. To simplify the disclosure of the present disclosure, specific example components and arrangements are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Moreover, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in the various examples, which have been repeated for purposes of simplicity and clarity and do not in themselves dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present disclosure provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or use of other materials.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are merely for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1 to 18, the present invention provides a method for cleaning and detecting defects of a casting shell, including: s1: in the die assembling stage of the die sample 1, a pouring gate disc 11 with a proper specification is selected according to the specification size and the number of workpieces, a ring 12 is arranged at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc 11, and a lacing wire 13 which is made of the same material as the die sample 1 is arranged at the highest point of the die sample 1 and is connected with the ring 12 at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc 11 to form a die assembly; s2: manufacturing a shell 2 on the module; s3: the pouring cup 21 of the module is downward, and the interior of the shell 2 to be cleaned is preliminarily cleaned by utilizing compressed air; s4: the pouring cup 21 is upward, and the rubber plug 23 is placed in the shell 2 and is tightly plugged; the pouring cup 21 is downward, the shell 2 is placed on a pre-made cleaning device, and the shell 2 is fixed by a fastening belt; s5: slowly filling the cleaning solution into the shell 2 through the pouring cup 21 by using an internal circulation pump mechanism 11 in the cleaning equipment, and closing the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 after the cleaning solution in the shell 2 reaches a certain liquid level; blowing compressed gas into the shell 2 slowly through the pouring cup 21, and closing after blowing for a period of time; starting a pneumatic vibration device 12 of the cleaning equipment, closing the pneumatic vibration device 12 after vibrating for a period of time under certain intensity, and then controlling the cleaning equipment to drive the shell 2 to do rotary reciprocating swing within a preset rotating range according to the process requirement of rough cleaning of the shell 2; opening the pneumatic valve 98, pouring the cleaning solution into the lower part of the shell 2 for containing the cleaning solution, and finishing rough cleaning of the shell 2; s6: taking out the rubber plug 23 placed in the shell 2, placing the shell 2 on a cleaning device with the pouring cup 21 facing downwards, and fixing the shell 2 again; slowly filling new cleaning liquid into the shell 2 through the pouring cup 21 by using the external circulation pump mechanism 13, closing the external circulation pump mechanism 13 after the cleaning liquid in the shell 2 reaches a certain liquid level, and then controlling the cleaning equipment to drive the shell 2 to do rotary reciprocating swing within a preset rotating range according to the process requirement of rough cleaning of the shell 2; in the process of cleaning the shell 2, spraying a cleaning liquid indicator on the surface of the shell 2; the pneumatic valve 98 is opened, the shell 2 swings and simultaneously pours the cleaning solution into a container for containing the cleaning solution below the shell 2, and the shell 2 is finely cleaned; s7: judging whether the shell 2 is continuously used or not according to the cleanliness of the discharged cleaning liquid after the shell 2 is finely washed and the crack condition indicated by an external indicator; aiming at the usable shell 2, the pouring cup 21 is downward, and the shell 2 is dried by adopting a hot air blowing mode; after the shell 2 is roasted for the second time, the inside of the shell 2 is cleaned before being cast by utilizing compressed air before being cast.

Firstly, a module is manufactured by using a model 1, wherein the number and the size of the model 1 are set according to the actual situation. Selecting a pouring gate disc 11, arranging a ring 12 at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc 11, and arranging a lacing wire 13 which is made of the same material as the pattern 1 at the highest point of the pattern 1 to be connected with the ring 12 at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc 11 to form a module; after the shell 2 is manufactured, the tie bar 13 is arranged, and compressed air can enter the cavity through the sprue cup 21 by using the connection between the sprue cup 21 of the module and the tie bar 13, so as to clean the inside of the cavity. Specifically, in the actual cleaning process, the rubber plug 23 is placed inside the shell 2, then the shell 2 is fixed by the fastening belt, the cleaning solution is filled into the shell 2 by the internal circulation pump mechanism 11, and the cleaning solution is discharged after cleaning, so that rough cleaning of the shell 2 is realized; the cleaning liquid is filled into the mold shell 2 by the external circulation pump mechanism 13, and the cleaning liquid is discharged after cleaning, thereby realizing the fine cleaning of the mold shell 2. The arrangement of the rubber plug 23 prevents the cleaning liquid from flowing out from the connection part of the pouring cup 21 and the ring 12; at the same time, the openings 22 in the mould shell 2 allow air bubbles in the mould shell 2 to escape.

And finally, spraying a cleaning liquid indicator on the surface of the shell 2, and then spraying a developer on the surface of the shell 2, namely, displaying the crack condition on the surface of the shell 2, thereby realizing the defect detection of the shell 2.

The cleaning and defect inspection method for the casting shell 2 can realize safe, efficient and rapid cleaning of various high-quality casting shells 2 of aerospace, ships and the like, and can complete rapid and effective inspection of the shell 2;

the cleaning and defect inspection method for the casting shell 2 can improve the production efficiency and the cleaning effect of the shell 2, can judge whether the shell 2 meets the casting process requirements according to the shell 2 cleaning liquid and the crack condition, avoids casting scrapping caused by casting shell 2 surface layer falling or insufficient strength of the casting shell 2 in the pouring process, and provides powerful guarantee for realizing high-quality and high-stability mass production of high-quality castings.

The shell 2 is finally manufactured by performing the steps of coating, sanding, dewaxing, roasting and the like on the die set, and the manufacturing of the shell 2 is the prior art, so the description is omitted.

In the case of a small and large number of patterns 1, each pattern 1 can be connected by a tie 13 and finally connected to the ring 12, or only one end of each small group of trees consisting of a plurality of patterns 1 can be connected to the ring 12 according to production needs.

In the present embodiment, the pattern 1 is suitable for various materials, including but not limited to paraffin, PSB powder, etc.

The pouring cup 21 is a water inlet and a water outlet, and the upper part of the shell 2 is in an open state, namely an opening 22, so that gas can be conveniently discharged out of the shell 2 from bottom to top.

S7, checking the cleanliness of the discharged cleaning solution by visual checking or granularity testing and other checking modes; the discharged cleaning liquid has obvious sand grains, surface layer sheets and the like, and the shell 2 can be scrapped.

Meanwhile, the used cleaning solution can be continuously used as a rough cleaning solution or a semi-fine cleaning solution after being filtered, but can not be used as a fine cleaning solution.

In some alternative embodiments, the method of cleaning and defect inspection of a foundry shell 2 further comprises: and S5a arranged between S5 and S6, wherein the S5a comprises slowly filling new cleaning liquid into the shell 2 through the sprue cup 21 by using an air pump, and finishing the subsequent operation of S5 to finish the semi-fine cleaning of the shell 2.

The semi-finish washing arrangement can ensure the cleanness of the shell 2. The step may be set by itself according to actual conditions, or may not be set.

In some alternative embodiments, in S6, the wash liquid indicator is sprayed on the outer surface of the mould shell 2 during the washing process, instead of: after the mould shell 2 has been cleaned, the pouring cup 21 and the opening 22 of the mould shell 2 are closed, the mould shell 2 is immersed in the indicator of cleaning liquid and removed quickly.

In some optional embodiments, in the steps S3, S5, and S7, the compressed air is dry gas without water and oil, and the dry gas without water and oil can ensure the cleanness of the inside of the shell 2 and the cleanness of the shell 2. Aims to take away impurities on the surface of a cavity by utilizing bubbles in cleaning fluid to float upwards.

In some alternative embodiments, the plug 23 is made of latex.

Wherein, one end of the rubber plug 23 is a convex arc surface, and the middle part of the convex arc surface is provided with a rubber ring which is used for manually taking out the rubber plug 23; the rubber plug 23 can be tightly matched with the inner cavity of the shell 2 and cannot fall off in the cleaning process; the plug 23 serves to guide the air bubbles through the lacing wire 13 into the mould shell 2 and to block the air bubbles from escaping directly from the pouring tray 11.

In some alternative embodiments, the cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol or an ethanol solution;

when the cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol, the cleaning solution indicator is an alkaline solution. When the cleaning solution is an ethanol solution, the indicator of the cleaning solution is a low-concentration potassium permanganate solution.

The invention also provides a cleaning device for the casting shell, which is used in the cleaning and defect detection method for the casting shell.

In some alternative embodiments, the apparatus for cleaning a foundry shell includes: the host platform 6 is arranged on the host frame 7, and the console 3 and the pneumatic vibration device 12 are arranged on the host platform 6;

the cleaning and rotating device 9 is positioned on the host platform 6, and the cleaning and rotating device 9 comprises a rotating assembly 91, a gear 921 and rack 922 mechanism 92 and a pneumatic rotating and locking mechanism 93; the rotating assembly 91 comprises a main shaft 911, the main shaft 911 penetrates through the host platform 6, the main shaft 911 is of a hollow structure, the main shaft 911 is arranged corresponding to the shell 2, and the bottom of the main shaft 911 is provided with a pneumatic valve 98;

the gear 921 and the rack 922 mechanism 92 are located at the bottom of the host platform 6 and comprise a guide assembly, a linear cylinder 923, a rack 922 and a gear 921, wherein the guide assembly is connected with the host platform 6, the linear cylinder 923 is arranged on the guide assembly, the gear 921 is sleeved on the spindle 911, the rack 922 is arranged on the guide assembly, the rack 922 is meshed with the gear 921 and is connected with the rack, the linear cylinder 923 drives the rack 922 to reciprocate along the extending direction of the guide assembly and drive the gear 921 and the spindle 911 to rotate together;

the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 is sleeved on the main shaft 911, and a fastening belt is arranged on the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 and used for fastening the shell 2;

the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 is connected with the main cylinder 10, and the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 is used for conveying the cleaning liquid in the main cylinder 10 to the main shaft 911 and the shell 2 for rough cleaning;

and an external circulation pump mechanism 13, wherein the external circulation pump mechanism 13 is connected with the auxiliary cylinder 14, and the external circulation pump mechanism 13 is used for conveying the cleaning liquid in the auxiliary cylinder 14 to the main shaft 911 and the shell 2 for secondary fine cleaning.

The host platform 6 is arranged on the host frame 7, so that an installation platform is provided for the operating platform; through the arrangement of the cleaning rotating device 9, and the cleaning rotating device 9 comprises a rotating component 91, a gear 921 and rack 922 mechanism 92 and a pneumatic rotating locking mechanism 93, specifically, through arranging the rotating component 91 on a round hole of the host platform 6, and a spindle 911 of the rotating component 91 penetrates through the host platform 6, so that the spindle 911 can rotate relative to the host platform 6, and a guiding component is arranged at the bottom of the host platform 6 and is fixedly connected with the host platform 6; and establish gear 921 cover on main shaft 911, rack 922 is installed at the direction subassembly, then sets up sharp cylinder 923 on this direction subassembly, through the drive of this sharp cylinder 923 rack 922 follows reciprocating motion is to the extending direction of direction subassembly, and drives gear 921 and main shaft 911 rotate jointly, and then realize the rotation of main shaft 911. Set up pneumatic rotatory locking mechanism 93 on the gear 921 rack 922 mechanism 92 of main shaft 911, this pneumatic rotatory locking mechanism 93 can realize tightening up of fastening band, and then will set up the shell 2 on host computer platform 6 fixed, avoid the condition that the shell 2 appears removing at the rotatory abluent in-process of reality. Because the main shaft 911 is of a hollow structure, cleaning liquid in the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 can enter the shell 2 through the main shaft 911 to perform first cleaning, namely rough cleaning, on the inner wall of the shell 2, and the cleaning liquid flows back into the main cylinder 10 after the rough cleaning; the cleaning liquid in the external circulation pump mechanism 13 can be used for cleaning the inside of the shell 2 for the second time, namely, fine cleaning, in the shell 2 by the main shaft 911, and the cleaning liquid flows back to the auxiliary cylinder 14 for collection after the fine cleaning. In the process of rough washing and fine washing, the pneumatic vibration device 12 is started, the pneumatic vibration device 12 is closed after vibrating for a period of time under a certain frequency, the pneumatic vibration device 12 is closed after vibrating for a period of time under weak vibration strength, the shell 2 is driven to rotate and swing in a reciprocating way, the swing stroke is a half circle, and the frequency is 20r/min, so that the technological requirements of rough washing or fine washing are met; after the cleaning is finished, the linear air cylinder 923 is controlled to be closed, and the cleaning liquid flows back to the observation tank 916 to finish the cleaning of the disposable shell 2.

The pneumatic vibration device 12 is a device with mature industrial application, and the vibration intensity can be adjusted by controlling a flow valve according to the actual process requirement; the pneumatic vibration can accelerate the impurities on the surface of the cavity to be quickly separated; and the vibration intensity is moderate, the intensity is small and cannot reach the cleaning effect, and the shell is easy to damage due to high intensity.

In some optional embodiments, the pneumatic rotation locking mechanism 93 includes a rotation cylinder 935 and a connecting rod seat 933, a bandage connecting rod 932 and a tray 931, the rotation cylinder 935, the connecting seat 924 and the tray 931 are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft 911, the connecting seat 924 is located between the rotation cylinder 935 and the tray 931, the bandage connecting rod 932 is located in the connecting seat 924, the bandage connecting rod 932 has a fixing rod 937, the fixing rod 937 is inserted into a rotating portion on the tray 931, the rotation cylinder 935 drives the connecting rod seat 933 to rotate so as to drive the fixing rod 937 to move in the rotating portion, so as to tighten a fastening belt provided on the bandage connecting rod 932.

The gear 921 and the rack 922 mechanism 92 of the main shaft 911 are provided with a pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93, a rotary cylinder 935 of the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism 93 is sleeved on the main shaft 911, a connecting rod seat 933 is arranged on the rotary cylinder 935, a bandage connecting rod 932 is arranged on the connecting rod seat 933, the connecting rod seat 933 rotates under the action of the rotary cylinder 935, the bandage connecting rod 932 on the connecting rod seat 933 rotates relative to the tray 931, namely, a fixing rod 937 on the bandage connecting rod 932 rotates in a rotating part in the tray 931, so that a fastening belt arranged on the bandage connecting rod 932 is tightened, a shell 2 arranged on a platform is further fixed, and the situation that the shell 2 moves in the actual rotating and cleaning process is avoided.

In some optional embodiments, a central hole is formed in the middle of the link seat 933, the link seat 933 is sleeved on the main shaft 911 through the central hole, a plurality of sliding slots 936 are formed in the link seat 933, the sliding slots 936 are perpendicular to each other, and the bandage link 932 is disposed in the sliding slots 936. The connecting rod seat 933 is convenient to sleeve the main shaft 911 by arranging a central hole in the middle of the connecting rod seat 933, meanwhile, four sliding grooves 936 are arranged on the connecting rod seat 933, and the four sliding grooves 936 are arranged in a mutually perpendicular mode; in the in-process of in-service use, through the rotation of revolving cylinder 935, and then drive the rotation of connecting rod seat 933 for dead lever 937 on bandage connecting rod 932 can move in the rotation part on tray 931, thereby realize locating tightening band's on bandage connecting rod 932 tightening up, and then will set up the shell 2 on the platform fixed, avoid the condition that the shell 2 removed in the rotatory abluent in-process of reality to appear.

In some optional embodiments, the bandage link 932 is further provided with a positioning rod 938, the positioning rod 938 and a positioning rod 937 are located at two ends of the bandage link 932, and the positioning rod 938 is used for clamping the tray 931 after the link holder 933 rotates; when the fixing rod 937 moves in the rotating part, the fixing rod 938 is arranged, so that the fixing rod 937 can move, and the limiting effect is achieved.

In this embodiment, since the number of the bandage links 932 is four, the positioning rod 938 can abut against the tray 931 from the outer wall of the tray 931 after being fixed to the rotating portion and moved, thereby achieving the locking purpose.

In this embodiment, the rotating portion is an arc-shaped slot provided on the tray 931. An arc-shaped slot is provided on the tray 931, and four arc-shaped slots are provided, corresponding to the four bandage connecting rods 932, respectively, into which the fixing rod 937 of the bandage connecting rod 932 is inserted and allowed to move therein.

In some optional embodiments, the pneumatic rotation locking mechanism 93 further includes a cylinder 934, and the cylinder 934 is sleeved on the main shaft 911 and located inside the rotation cylinder 935. The cylinder 934 is provided with a groove, a key is arranged in the groove, the rotary cylinder 935 is clamped on a corresponding clamping sleeve of the main shaft 911 from the upper part of the main shaft 911, and the connecting rod seat 933 penetrates from the upper part of the main shaft 911 and is connected with the cylinder 934 through reduction.

In some optional embodiments, the guiding assembly includes a guiding platform and a connecting seat 924, the guiding platform and the connecting seat 924 are both fixedly connected to the host platform 6, the linear cylinder 923 is disposed on the connecting seat 924, and the rack 922 is slidably disposed on the guiding platform. Guide table and connecting seat 924 are located the coplanar, and all with host computer platform 6's bottom surface fixed connection, wherein, be equipped with a guide rail on the guide table, the rack 922 cover is established on this guide rail, rack 922 and gear 921 meshing setting, rack 922 is reciprocating motion under the effect of straight line cylinder 923, and then drives gear 921 through driving rack 922 and rotate.

In some optional embodiments, the washing and rotating device 9 further comprises a sealing assembly 94, a rubber gasket 943 and an attachment rubber ring 942, the sealing assembly 94 is disposed on the tray 931, and the sealing assembly 94 has an attachment rubber nozzle 941, and the attachment rubber nozzle 941 is disposed corresponding to the mold shell 2; the rubber mat 943 is arranged on the tray 931, the connecting rubber ring 942 is arranged in the positioning groove at the center of the rubber mat 943, and the connecting rubber nozzle 941 is arranged in the connecting rubber nozzle 941.

Wherein the connecting glue mouth 941 of said sealing assembly 94 communicates with the pouring cup 21 of the shell 2; and four positioning holes are formed in the tray 931 and positioning holes are also formed in the rubber mat 943, so that the positioning holes in the rubber mat 943 correspond to the positioning holes in the tray 931 during actual installation, and then the rubber mat 943 and the tray 931 are connected into a whole by using bolts.

Specifically, the center of the rubber pad 943 is provided with a connecting rubber ring 942.

In this embodiment, the rubber ring and the rubber pad 943 may be an integral piece or a separate piece.

The cleaning rotary device 9 further comprises a cleaning disc 95, the cleaning disc 95 is disposed above the sealing assembly 94 and is located on the rubber pad 943, and the connecting rubber nozzle 941 of the sealing assembly 94 extends out of the central hole of the cleaning disc 95, so that the connection of the connecting rubber nozzle 941 and the shell 2 provides a mounting position.

In some optional embodiments, the rotating assembly 91 further comprises a flange base 912 and a bearing 913, and a base cover 914, wherein the flange base 912 is sleeved on the main shaft 911 and locked by a nut 915. The bearing 913 is located in the circular groove of the flange base 912, and the base cover 914 is fastened to the flange base 912.

Through set up rotating assembly 91 on the round hole of host computer platform 6, this rotating assembly 91's main shaft 911 runs through this host computer platform 6 for this main shaft 911 can rotate this host computer platform 6 relatively, and set up flange base 912 on main shaft 911, this flange base 912 is located the circular slot at this host computer platform 6 upper surface middle part, simultaneously, correspond the flange hole opening connecting hole on the flange base 912 on host computer platform 6, pass through the screw connection after each hole alignment, realized flange base 912 and main shaft 911 and host computer platform 6's connection.

The arrangement of the bearing 913 facilitates the rotation of the main shaft 911 in the flange base 912, thereby avoiding the occurrence of friction; meanwhile, a base cover 914 is arranged on the flange base 912, and the arrangement of the base cover 914 can form a closed space with a circular groove in the flange base 912, so that dust and impurities are prevented from falling into the flange base 912 and affecting the normal rotation of the main shaft 911.

In some optional embodiments, the cleaning rotary device 9 further comprises a three-way rotary joint 96, wherein a first end interface of the three-way rotary joint 96 is connected with the main shaft 911, a second end interface is connected with the inner circulating pump mechanism 11 and the outer circulating pump mechanism 13, and a third end interface is connected with the pneumatic valve 98. The three-way rotary joint 96 is provided, so that the three-way rotary joint 96 is connected with the main shaft 911, the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 and the external circulation pump mechanism 13.

Cleaning liquid of the main cylinder 10 can enter the main shaft 911 through the three-way rotary joint 96 and enter the shell 2 at the same time to clean the interior of the shell 2, after the cleaning is finished, the pneumatic valve 98 is opened, and the cleaning liquid is discharged into the main cylinder 10 through the three-way rotary joint 96 to finish the rough cleaning of the shell 2; after rough washing is completed, the pneumatic valve 98 is closed, the control console 3 controls the external circulation pump system to convey the cleaning liquid in the auxiliary cylinder 14 to the main shaft 911, meanwhile, the cleaning liquid enters the shell 2 to clean the interior of the shell 2, and after the cleaning is completed, the cleaning liquid is discharged into the main cylinder 10 by using the three-way rotary joint 96, so that the fine washing of the shell 2 is realized.

The blowing device 5, the host platform 6, the host framework 7, the host hood 8, the inner components of the cleaning rotating device 9, the main cylinder 10, the pneumatic vibration device 12, the auxiliary cylinder 14, the connecting pipeline and the like are all made of high-quality stainless steel.

The one-way delivery valve 97 is arranged on the second end interface of the three-way rotary joint 96, and the one-way delivery valve 97 is arranged to prevent the cleaning liquid flowing out of the shell 2 from entering the auxiliary cylinder 14, so that the pure cleaning liquid in the auxiliary cylinder 14 becomes turbid.

The cleaning and rotating device 9 can realize stable rotation and swing of the control shell 2 under different frequencies, and can realize convenient supplement and release of cleaning liquid from the inside of the mechanism.

In some optional embodiments, the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 includes: the filter comprises an internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111, an internal circulation one-way valve 112, a filter tank 113 and an internal circulation pipeline 114, wherein the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 is connected with the filter tank 113, the main cylinder 10 is communicated with the internal circulation pipeline 114, and the internal circulation one-way valve 112 is arranged on the internal circulation pipeline 114.

The inlet side of the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 is connected with the filter tank 113 through a pipeline, the filter tank 113 is connected with the main cylinder 10 through an internal circulation pipeline 114, the outlet side of the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 is connected with the internal circulation one-way valve 112 through the internal circulation pipeline 114 and finally connected with the inlet side of the main shaft 911 of the shell 2 cleaning rotary platform system, and the filter element in the filter tank 113 can be detached, replaced and cleaned.

In some alternative embodiments, the outer circulation pump mechanism 13 comprises: an external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131, an external circulation check valve 132 and an external circulation pipeline 133, wherein the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 is communicated with the auxiliary cylinder 14 through the external circulation pipeline 133, and the external circulation check valve 132 is arranged on the external circulation pipeline 133.

Wherein, the inlet side of the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 is connected with the auxiliary cylinder 14 through an external circulation pipeline 133, the outlet side of the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 is connected with an external circulation check valve 132 through a pipeline, and the external circulation check valve 132 is connected with the internal circulation check valve 112 in the internal circulation pump mechanism 11 through a three-way pipeline. And finally with the inlet side on the main shaft 911 of the mould shell 2 washing and rotating device 9.

In this embodiment, during the pumping and conveying process of the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111 and the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131, a certain amount of bubbles are contained in the cleaning solution.

The main cylinder 10 is arranged close to the auxiliary cylinder 14, the liquid level indicator 101 is arranged on the main cylinder 10, the highest allowable liquid level position and the lowest allowable liquid level position are marked on the liquid level indicator 101, the liquid level position of the cleaning liquid can be observed through one opening 22 on the main machine cover 8, and a drainage and deslagging channel is arranged on the main cylinder 10.

Meanwhile, the main engine hood 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the main engine frame 7, the structure in the main engine frame 7 can be fully protected due to the arrangement of the main engine hood 8, and the through hole is formed in the main engine hood 8 and is used for arranging the liquid level indicator 101, so that the liquid level position of the cleaning liquid in the main cylinder 10 can be conveniently and directly observed.

The lower part of the auxiliary cylinder 14 is provided with a caster, the auxiliary cylinder 14 can enter and exit from an opening 22 reserved on one side of the main machine hood 8, and one side of the auxiliary cylinder 14 is provided with a water outlet for clamping with the inlet side part of the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131 through a hose.

The invention also provides a cleaning system for the casting shell, which comprises the cleaning equipment for the casting shell and also comprises: the blowing dust removal compartment is arranged on the host platform 6, and a blowing device 5 is arranged in the blowing dust removal compartment, and the blowing device 5 is suitable for blowing the shell 2; and the belt conveying detection device 15 is arranged on the host platform 6, the washed shell 2 is transferred to the belt conveying detection device 15, and the belt conveying detection device 15 comprises an endoscope 152 for detecting the internal structure of the shell 2.

Set up on this host computer platform 6 and blow the dust removal compartment to set up gas blowing device 5 in this dust removal compartment of blowing, this gas blowing device 5's setting can effectually be for the shell 2 dust removal of blowing, thereby guarantees that the shell 2 does not have the dust before wasing, has guaranteed the cleaning performance of this shell 2.

The air blowing device 5 comprises a shell 51 and two guide air cylinders 52 arranged on the shell 51, the two guide air cylinders 52 are vertically arranged, an air nozzle 53 of the air blowing device 5 is arranged on one of the guide air cylinders 52, a plurality of air blowing holes are formed in the air nozzle 53, the air nozzle 53 is arranged in a blowing and dedusting compartment corresponding to the shell 2, and therefore dust on the shell 2 can be removed through the air blowing device 5.

In some optional embodiments, the belt feeding detection device 15 includes a support frame 151, a conveyor belt 154, a driving structure (not shown), a sensor (not shown), and a camera 153, the conveyor belt 154 is sleeved on the support frame 151, the driving structure drives the conveyor belt 154 to rotate, and the endoscope 152, the camera 153, and the sensor are disposed at an edge of the support frame 151. Specifically, the belt conveyance detecting device 15 may be placed at a suitable position from the host platform 6.

Two ends of the supporting frame 151 are provided with driving structures, the conveying belt 154 is sleeved on the supporting frame 151, the driving structures are arranged to drive the conveying belt 154 to rotate, and the upper edge of the supporting frame 151 is provided with an endoscope 152, a camera 153 and a sensor; wherein the sensor is a position sensor.

By controlling the driving structure, the shell 2 reaches a predetermined position, that is, reaches the position of the endoscope 152, the camera 153 is used for taking a phase, the defect analysis of the shell 2 is performed by a software analysis control system configured by the console 3, and whether the shell 2 is qualified is determined.

In actual use, the cleaning and detecting equipment for the casting shell 2 is usually operated in a well-ventilated open factory; the components such as the equipment power source, the internal circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 111, the external circulation pneumatic diaphragm pump 131, the internal circulation one-way valve 112, the external circulation one-way valve 131, the pneumatic vibration device 12 and the like are pneumatically controlled, and the explosion-proof design is required to be carried out by using the electrically controlled components, so that the safe operation of the equipment under the flammable and explosive atmosphere is ensured.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of cleaning and defect detection of a foundry shell comprising:

s1: in the mould assembling stage of the mould (1), a pouring gate disc (11) with a proper specification is selected according to the specification size and the number of the mould (1), a ring (12) is arranged at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc (11), and a lacing wire (13) which is made of the same material as the mould (1) is arranged at the highest point of the mould (1) and is connected with the ring (12) at the uppermost end of the pouring gate disc (11) to form a mould assembly;

s2: manufacturing a shell (2) on the module;

s3: the pouring cup (21) with the shell manufactured faces downwards, and compressed air is used for preliminarily cleaning the interior of the shell (2) to be cleaned;

s4: the pouring cup (21) is upward, and the rubber plug (23) is placed in the shell (2) and is tightly plugged;

the pouring cup (21) faces downwards, the shell (2) is placed on a pre-made cleaning device, and the shell (2) is fixed by a fastening belt;

s5: when the pneumatic valve (98) is closed, cleaning fluid is slowly filled into the shell (2) through the sprue cup (21) by using an internal circulating pump mechanism (11) in the cleaning equipment, and the internal circulating pump mechanism (11) is closed after the cleaning fluid in the shell (2) reaches a certain liquid level;

slowly blowing compressed gas into the shell (2) through the sprue cup (21), and closing after blowing for a period of time; starting a pneumatic vibration device (12) of the cleaning equipment, closing the pneumatic vibration device (12) after vibrating for a period of time under certain intensity, and then controlling the cleaning equipment to drive the shell (2) to do rotary reciprocating swing within a preset rotating range according to the technological requirements of rough cleaning of the shell (2);

starting a pneumatic valve (98), pouring cleaning solution into a container for containing the cleaning solution below the shell (2), and finishing rough cleaning of the shell (2);

s6: taking out the rubber plug (23) placed in the shell (2), enabling the pouring cup (21) to face downwards, placing the shell (2) on a cleaning device, and fixing the shell (2) again;

when the pneumatic valve (98) is closed, a new cleaning solution is slowly filled into the shell (2) through the pouring cup (21) by using the external circulation pump mechanism (13), after the cleaning solution in the shell (2) reaches a certain liquid level, the external circulation pump mechanism (13) is closed, and then the cleaning equipment is controlled to drive the shell (2) to rotate and swing back and forth within a preset rotating range according to the process requirement of rough cleaning of the shell (2); in the process of cleaning the shell (2), spraying a cleaning liquid indicator on the surface of the shell (2);

starting the pneumatic valve (98), pouring the cleaning solution into a container for containing the cleaning solution below the shell (2) while the shell (2) swings, and finishing the fine cleaning of the shell (2);

s7: judging whether the shell (2) is continuously used or not according to the cleaning degree of the discharged cleaning solution after the shell (2) is finely cleaned and the crack condition indicated by an external cleaning solution indicator;

aiming at the usable shell (2), the pouring cup (21) is downward, and the shell (2) is dried by adopting a hot air blowing mode;

after the shell (2) is roasted for the second time, the inside of the shell (2) is cleaned before being cast by utilizing compressed air before being cast.

2. The method of cleaning and defect inspection of foundry shells of claim 1, further comprising: and S5a arranged between S5 and S6, wherein the S5a comprises slowly filling new cleaning liquid into the shell (2) through the sprue cup (21) by using an air pump, and finishing the subsequent operation of S5, so that the semi-fine cleaning of the shell (2) is finished.

3. A method for cleaning and defect detection of foundry shell according to claim 2, characterized in that in S6, the washing liquid indicator is sprayed to the outer surface of the shell (2) during its cleaning, which can be replaced by: after the shell (2) is cleaned, the pouring cup (21) and the opening (22) of the shell (2) are blocked, and the shell (2) is immersed in the cleaning liquid indicator and is taken out quickly.

4. A method for cleaning and defect inspection of a foundry shell according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that in the steps S3, S5, S7, the compressed air is dry gas without water and oil.

5. A method of cleaning and defect detection of foundry moulds according to claim 4, characterized in that a rubber plug (23) is used to guide the gas bubbles through the lacing wire (13) into the mould shell (2), blocking the gas bubbles from directly escaping from the pouring tray (11).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the cleaning solution is phenolphthalein ethanol or an ethanol solution;

the cleaning liquid indicator is alkaline solution or low-concentration potassium permanganate solution.

7. A cleaning apparatus for a foundry shell, characterized in that the cleaning apparatus is a cleaning apparatus used in a method for cleaning and defect inspection of a foundry shell according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Cleaning apparatus for casting shells (2) according to claim 7, comprising: the main machine platform (6) is arranged on the main machine frame (7), and the control platform (3) and the pneumatic vibration device (12) are arranged on the main machine platform (6);

the cleaning and rotating device (9) is positioned on the host platform (6), and the cleaning and rotating device (9) comprises a rotating assembly (91), a gear (921), a rack (922) mechanism (92) and a pneumatic rotating and locking mechanism (93); the rotating assembly (91) comprises a main shaft (911), the main shaft (911) penetrates through the host platform (6), the main shaft (911) is of a hollow structure, the main shaft (911) is arranged corresponding to the shell (2), and the bottom of the main shaft (911) is provided with a pneumatic valve (98);

gear (921) rack (922) mechanism (92) is located the bottom of host computer platform (6), including direction subassembly and sharp cylinder (923), rack (922), and gear (921), the direction subassembly is connected with host computer platform (6), sharp cylinder (923) are located on the direction subassembly, gear (921) cover is located on main shaft (911), rack (922) are located on the direction subassembly, rack (922) are connected with gear (921) meshing, sharp cylinder (923) drive rack (922) and are reciprocating motion along the extending direction of direction subassembly, and drive gear (921) and main shaft (911) common rotation;

the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism (93) is sleeved on the main shaft (911), and a fastening belt is arranged on the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism (93) and used for fastening the shell (2);

the inner circulating pump mechanism (11), the inner circulating pump mechanism (11) is connected with the main cylinder (10), and the inner circulating pump mechanism (11) is used for conveying the cleaning liquid in the main cylinder (10) to the main shaft (911) and the shell (2) for rough cleaning;

and the outer circulation pump mechanism (13), the outer circulation pump mechanism (13) is connected with the auxiliary cylinder (14), and the outer circulation pump mechanism (13) is used for conveying the cleaning liquid in the auxiliary cylinder (14) to the main shaft (911) and the shell (2) for fine cleaning.

9. The cleaning equipment for the casting shell according to claim 8, wherein the pneumatic rotary locking mechanism (93) comprises a rotary cylinder (935) and a connecting rod seat (933), a bandage connecting rod (932) and a tray (931), the rotary cylinder (935), the connecting seat (924) and the tray (931) are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft (911), the connecting seat (924) is located between the rotary cylinder (935) and the tray (931), the bandage connecting rod (932) is arranged in the connecting seat (924), the bandage connecting rod (932) is provided with a fixing rod (937), the fixing rod (937) is inserted into a rotating part on the tray (931), the rotary cylinder (935) drives the connecting rod seat (933) to rotate so as to drive the fixing rod (937) to move in the rotating part and tighten a fastening belt arranged on the bandage connecting rod (932).

10. A cleaning system for a foundry shell, comprising the cleaning apparatus for a foundry shell as recited in any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising:

the blowing and dust removing compartment is arranged on the host platform (6), and a blowing device (5) is arranged in the blowing and dust removing compartment, and the blowing device (5) is suitable for blowing the shell (2);

and the belt conveying detection device (15) is arranged on the host platform (6), the washed shell (2) is transferred to the belt conveying detection device (15), and the belt conveying detection device (15) comprises an endoscope (152) for detecting the internal structure of the shell (2).

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