CN115812875A - Sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance and application thereof - Google Patents
Sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, and discloses a sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance and application thereof. The sea bass feed additive comprises the following components: soybean isoflavone, eucommia ulmoides flavone, liquorice, garlicin, acanthopanax and honeysuckle. The sea bass feed additive can play a good role in improving immunity and disease resistance, and the sea bass feed prepared by adopting the sea bass feed additive can effectively reduce the morbidity and mortality of cultured sea bass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feed, and particularly relates to a sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance and application thereof.
Background
Sea bass (Lateolabax japonica), also known as seven-star bass, lateolaba, japanese true bass and the like belong to the weever, mullet and Lateolaba, belong to the widely warm, widely salt and fiercely carnivorous rare economic fishes, can feed fishes, crustaceans, mollusks and other invertebrates, are mainly distributed in coastal areas in China, japan, korean coastal areas and downstream areas of rivers, and have the advantages of higher growth speed, strong adaptability and the like. And the sea bass is white, tender and fragrant in meat quality and has good nutritional value, so the sea bass has become an important cultured fish.
However, the sea bass breeding also faces the problems of frequent diseases and large influence range, and the diseases mainly include viral diseases, bacterial diseases and parasitic diseases, and the mutual infection among the three diseases is easy to occur, so that the prevention and the control of the diseases are more complicated and difficult. If a large amount of drugs such as antibiotics are used, the cure rate is not high, the quality of the fish is influenced due to drug residues, and in addition, the drug resistance of bacteria is enhanced due to the abuse of the antibiotics, so that the healthy and sustainable development of aquaculture is not facilitated.
Therefore, the feed additive which is added with the components capable of improving the immunity and disease resistance of aquatic animals and has better safety can be a better breeding mode and strategy. Based on the above, the invention hopes to provide the additive which can obviously improve the immunity and disease resistance of the sea bass so as to assist the health and sustainable development of the sea bass breeding industry in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides a sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance and application thereof. The sea bass feed additive can play a good role in improving immunity and disease resistance, and the sea bass feed prepared by adopting the sea bass feed additive can effectively reduce the morbidity and mortality of cultured sea bass.
The invention provides a sea bass feed additive, which comprises the following components: soybean isoflavone, eucommia ulmoides flavone, liquorice, garlicin, acanthopanax and honeysuckle.
Among the raw material components, soybean isoflavone is known to improve the immunity and oxidation resistance of aquatic animals and has certain improvement effect on intestinal health; the eucommia ulmoides flavonoids have the effects of scavenging free radicals, improving immunity, resisting bacteria and inflammation and protecting liver; the liquorice has the effects of promoting growth, improving immunity and improving intestinal health; the allicin is an active substance extracted from garlic serving as a raw material, has the functions of sterilization, inflammation diminishing and food calling, and has a certain antioxidant effect; radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi has effects of improving animal immunity, and resisting inflammation and inflammation; the honeysuckle has broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral effects. In addition, the raw material components are all plant or extract components thereof with good safety, and the prepared sea bass feed additive can not cause burden and adverse effect on viscera of sea bass while playing the efficacies of improving immunity and disease resistance. And tests show that the combination of the raw material components can achieve an unexpected excellent effect and greatly reduce the morbidity and mortality of the sea bass.
Preferably, the sea bass feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of soybean isoflavone, 5-35 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone, 10-30 parts of liquorice, 3-10 parts of allicin, 12-25 parts of acanthopanax and 15-25 parts of honeysuckle.
More preferably, the sea bass feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of soybean isoflavone, 10-28 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone, 15-25 parts of liquorice, 3-10 parts of allicin, 15-22 parts of acanthopanax and 15-25 parts of honeysuckle.
Preferably, the acanthopanax root is selected from the rhizome of acanthopanax root; the Glycyrrhrizae radix is the rhizome of Glycyrrhrizae radix plant; the flos Lonicerae is flower bud of Lonicera japonica.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sea bass feed additive, which comprises the following steps:
pulverizing radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi, glycyrrhrizae radix and flos Lonicerae, sieving, and mixing with other components to obtain the feed additive.
Preferably, the pulverization is carried out at a rotation speed of 500 to 800r/min by using an ultrafine pulverizer.
Preferably, the screening is through a screen of 80-100 mesh.
The invention also provides the application of the sea bass feed additive in sea bass breeding. The jewfish feed additive is added into jewfish feed and then applied to the culture of jewfish, so that the morbidity and mortality of jewfish can be obviously reduced.
The invention also provides a sea bass feed, which comprises the sea bass feed additive.
Preferably, the sea bass feed comprises the following components: the sea bass feed additive, fish meal, soybean meal, peanut bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, wheat flour, fish oil, monocalcium phosphate and soybean phospholipid oil.
Preferably, the sea bass feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-2 parts of the sea bass feed additive, 25-40 parts of fish meal, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-18 parts of peanut bran, 3-6 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-6 parts of rapeseed meal, 15-25 parts of wheat flour, 2-4 parts of fish oil, 0.5-1 part of monocalcium phosphate and 0.5-2.5 parts of soybean phospholipid oil.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sea bass feed, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the sea bass feed additive, fish meal, soybean meal, peanut bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, wheat flour and monocalcium phosphate, crushing and sieving; mixing with fish oil and soybean phospholipid oil; and (3) carrying out conditioning, granulating and drying to obtain the sea bass feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the compound feed additive for the sea bass is prepared by combining specific flavonoid components (soybean isoflavone and eucommia ulmoides flavone), specific Chinese herbal medicines (liquorice, acanthopanax senticosus and honeysuckle) and allicin, so that the use amount of the flavonoid components with higher cost is reduced, the improvement effect of the compound feed additive for the immunity and disease resistance of the sea bass is obviously improved, the survival rate can be improved to more than 97%, the rapid growth of the sea bass can be promoted, and a good effect is achieved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the claimed protection scope is not limited thereto, and any modification, substitution, combination made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatuses used in the following examples are conventionally commercially available or can be obtained by conventionally known methods, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of soybean isoflavone, 7 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone, 16 parts of liquorice, 8 parts of allicin, 16 parts of acanthopanax and 25 parts of honeysuckle.
The preparation method of the sea bass feed additive comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the formula; mixing dried rhizome of Acanthopanax senticosus (Acanthopanax senticosus), dried rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) and dried flower bud of Lonicera japonica (honeysuckle), pulverizing at a rotation speed of 600r/min for at least 15min by using an ultrafine pulverizer (ZNX-400 type ultrafine pulverizer, beijing Xingshengli and science and technology development Co., ltd.), and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain a premix; adding soybean isoflavone, eucommia ulmoides flavone and allicin into the premix, and mixing to obtain the sea bass feed additive.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20 parts of soybean isoflavone, 15 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone, 20 parts of liquorice, 8 parts of allicin, 17 parts of acanthopanax and 20 parts of honeysuckle.
The preparation method of the sea bass feed additive comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the formula; mixing dried rhizome of Acanthopanax senticosus (radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi), dried rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (radix Glycyrrhizae), and dried flower bud of Lonicera japonica (flos Lonicerae), pulverizing at a rotation speed of 600r/min for at least 20min by use of micronizer (ZNX-400 type ultrafine pulverizer, beijing Xinghui and science and technology development Co., ltd.), and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain premix; adding soybean isoflavone, eucommia ulmoides flavone and allicin into the premix, and mixing to obtain the sea bass feed additive.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a sea bass feed additive capable of improving immunity and disease resistance, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of soybean isoflavone, 10 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone, 25 parts of liquorice, 10 parts of allicin, 15 parts of acanthopanax and 20 parts of honeysuckle.
The preparation method of the sea bass feed additive comprises the following steps:
weighing the components according to the formula; mixing dried rhizome of Acanthopanax senticosus (radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi), dried rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (radix Glycyrrhizae), and dried flower bud of Lonicera japonica (flos Lonicerae), pulverizing at a rotation speed of 600r/min for at least 20min by use of micronizer (ZNX-400 type ultrafine pulverizer, beijing Xinghui and science and technology development Co., ltd.), and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain premix; adding soybean isoflavone, eucommia ulmoides flavone and allicin into the premix, and mixing to obtain the sea bass feed additive.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a sea bass feed additive, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of soybean isoflavone and 50 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone. The preparation method of the sea bass feed additive comprises the following steps: mixing soybean isoflavone and eucommia ulmoides flavone to obtain the feed additive for sea bass.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a feed additive for sea bass having a single component of allicin.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a sea bass feed additive, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of liquorice, 15 parts of acanthopanax and 20 parts of honeysuckle. The preparation method of the sea bass feed additive comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the formula; mixing dried rhizome of Acanthopanax senticosus plant (namely Acanthopanax senticosus), dried rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis plant (namely Glycyrrhiza uralensis), and dried flower bud of Lonicera japonica plant (namely honeysuckle), pulverizing at a rotation speed of 600r/min for at least 20min by using an ultrafine pulverizer (ZNX-400 type ultrafine pulverizer, beijing Xingshengli and science and technology development Co., ltd.), and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the sea bass feed additive.
Examples of feed products for sea bass
The corresponding jewfish feed (sequentially named as jewfish feed 1-6) is prepared by taking the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 as jewfish feed additives according to the following weight percentage:
1% of sea bass feed additive, 28% of fish meal, 24% of soybean meal, 14% of peanut bran, 4% of cottonseed meal, 4% of rapeseed meal, 20% of wheat flour, 3% of fish oil, 1% of monocalcium phosphate and 1% of soybean phospholipid oil.
The preparation method of the sea bass feed comprises the following steps:
mixing and crushing a sea bass feed additive, fish meal, soybean meal, peanut bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, wheat flour and monocalcium phosphate, and then sieving the mixture by a 80-mesh sieve; mixing with fish oil and soybean phospholipid oil; adding into a conditioner, conditioning, granulating in an extrusion and puffing granulator, and oven drying at 80-95 deg.C to obtain the final product.
Breeding test
In a sea bass breeding base of Bai Jiao town of Guangdong Zhuhai city 5363, 6 small ponds for testing are arranged, 1200 sea bass young fishes (the weight of each young fish is 11-14 g) which are healthy, active, disease-free, wound-free and equivalent in size in the same batch are selected, 200 sea bass young fishes are put into each small pond, and sea bass feeds 1-6 are respectively used for finely breeding the sea bass young fishes in each small pond. The feeding period was 30 days, and the feed was fed daily at regular feeding amounts at 8 am and 4 pm. Observing the growth condition of the juvenile sea bass during the test period, timely fishing out and counting if dead fish exist, calculating the weight gain rate, the survival rate and the morbidity (keeping a decimal number) of the juvenile sea bass after the culture test is finished, and testing results are shown in table 1.
Weight gain (%) =100 × (final average weight-initial average weight)/initial average weight;
prevalence (%) =100 × (fish tail at start of test-healthy sea bass tail at end of test)/fish tail at start of test.
Survival (%) =100 × remaining fish ends at the end of test/fish ends at the beginning of test.
TABLE 1 cultivation test results of different sea bass feeds
As can be seen from the results of comparing the sea bass feeds 1-3 and 4-6 in Table 1: the jewfish feed 4 only containing the soybean isoflavone and the eucommia ulmoides flavone can play a good role in reducing the morbidity and mortality of jewfish, but the effect of the jewfish feed is still inferior to that of the jewfish feed 1-3; and because the prices of the flavonoid components (the soybean isoflavone and the eucommia ulmoides flavone) are higher, the cultivation cost is higher when the sea bass feed 4 is adopted for sea bass cultivation. And 5-6 of the sea bass feed only containing allicin or Chinese herbal medicines (liquorice, acanthopanax and honeysuckle) has a relatively common effect on reducing the morbidity and mortality of the sea bass. Compared with 4-6 sea bass feeds, the sea bass feeds 1-3 have obviously better effects of promoting growth, improving immunity and disease resistance, so that the weight gain rate of the fed sea bass is higher, and the morbidity and mortality are lower. The results show that the combination of specific flavonoids (soybean isoflavone and eucommia ulmoides flavone), specific Chinese herbal medicines (liquorice, acanthopanax senticosus and honeysuckle) and allicin can play a more excellent role, thereby effectively improving the immunity and disease resistance of the fed weever and promoting the growth of the weever.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The sea bass feed additive is characterized by comprising the following components: soybean isoflavone, eucommia flavone, liquorice, garlicin, acanthopanax and honeysuckle.
2. The sea bass feed additive of claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of soybean isoflavone, 5-35 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone, 10-30 parts of liquorice, 3-10 parts of allicin, 12-25 parts of acanthopanax and 15-25 parts of honeysuckle.
3. The sea bass feed additive of claim 2, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of soybean isoflavone, 10-28 parts of eucommia ulmoides flavone, 15-25 parts of liquorice, 3-10 parts of allicin, 15-22 parts of acanthopanax and 15-25 parts of honeysuckle.
4. The feed additive for sea bass of claim 1, wherein the Acanthopanax senticosus is selected from the group consisting of the rhizome of Acanthopanax senticosus; the Glycyrrhrizae radix is the rhizome of Glycyrrhrizae radix plant; the flos Lonicerae is flower bud of Lonicera japonica.
5. The method for preparing a sea bass feed supplement in accordance with any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of: pulverizing radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi, glycyrrhrizae radix and flos Lonicerae, sieving, and mixing with other components to obtain the feed additive.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the pulverization is carried out at a rotation speed of 500 to 800r/min by using an ultrafine pulverizer.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the screening is through a 80-100 mesh screen.
8. Use of a sea bass feed supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in sea bass farming.
9. A feed for sea bass comprising the sea bass feed supplement of any of claims 1-4.
10. The sea bass feed of claim 9, comprising the following components: the sea bass feed additive, fish meal, soybean meal, peanut bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, wheat flour, fish oil, monocalcium phosphate, soybean phospholipid oil of any one of claims 1-4.
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