CN115807136A - Process for preparing low-fat grits powder and converting glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction - Google Patents
Process for preparing low-fat grits powder and converting glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN115807136A CN115807136A CN202211483968.5A CN202211483968A CN115807136A CN 115807136 A CN115807136 A CN 115807136A CN 202211483968 A CN202211483968 A CN 202211483968A CN 115807136 A CN115807136 A CN 115807136A
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019580 granularity Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000751 protein extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000037384 skin absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000274 skin absorption Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001282160 Percopsis transmontana Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005008 domestic process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing low-fat grits powder and converting glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction, which comprises the steps of conditioning and grain moistening, kneading and degerming, screening and grading, peeling of materials, material separation, endosperm powder crushing, endosperm purification, grinding and milling, and blending for preparation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of glucose syrup preparation processes and food processing, in particular to a process for converting low-fat grits powder into glucose syrup by extracting embryo and skin from corn by a semi-dry method.
Background
The preparation of glucose syrup by corn is mostly prepared by hydrolyzing corn starch. At present, two kinds of domestic processes exist, one is called a wet process, and the process comprises the following steps: soaking corn in sulfurous acid and water, separating water from corn by drying equipment, grinding corn by needle mill, extracting corn germ by cyclone and drying, extracting peel impurities by yeast sieving and screening, drying, washing protein, extracting and drying to obtain starch milk, liquefying, filtering, decolorizing, and ion-exchanging to obtain glucose syrup. The wet process has the defects that 1 ton of water consumption is high, 2 tons of water are needed for each ton of corn, 2 tons of water pollute air, the investment of sewage treatment facilities is high, 3, chemical residues exist in germ and starch due to chemical soaking, 4, starch protein is lost due to a soaking separation working section, waste is caused, 5, the cost is increased due to water consumption, electricity consumption and steam consumption, the comprehensive process cost is up to 800 yuan when one ton of corn flour is processed through research, and the economic benefit of corn deep processing enterprises is seriously influenced. The other process is a 'full dry process', the process is that cleaned clean corn is degermed and crushed into four, six and eight petals, and then the corn is sieved and classified, and then a plurality of channels of serial embryo selection and skin extraction, mixed endosperm peeling and embryo peeling are carried out, so as to obtain low-fat corn flour after endosperm is obtained, and then the low-fat corn flour is prepared into liquefied glucose syrup, and the process has the following defects: 1. the germ of the corn which is not modified is easy to break and is fragile through a breaking chamber of a degerming machine, the skin is attached to the surface layer of the endosperm, so that the skin is difficult to separate from the endosperm, the embryo extraction rate is low, 2, about 30 percent of broken embryos are mixed with the equal-diameter endosperm, a sand roller is required to be used for peeling, and an iron roller is used for peeling again to purify the endosperm, so that the pure endosperm is low. 3. After being peeled and degermed by a sand roller and an iron roller, the obtained feed skin contains a mixture of germ powder, endosperm powder and crushed skin powder, if the starch in the skin is extracted, the crude fat and ash content in the powder are extremely overproof, the feed cannot be applied in the food field, and the feed skin cannot be used as a raw material of glucose syrup.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the problems of the related art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the process for preparing the low-fat grits powder converted glucose syrup by extracting the embryo and the skin from the corn by the semi-dry method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: conditioning and moistening the grain: the corn after grain cleaning is conveyed to a paddle type steam homogenizing machine, water vapor is added into each ton of corn according to the proportion that 1-2% of water vapor, the steam pressure is 0.4Pa and 1% of normal temperature water are added, when the steam and the water are injected, measurement and control are carried out through an intelligent moisture measuring and controlling instrument, the corn is homogenized and then is fed into a tempering cabin, and after 4 hours of tempering, the embryo is enabled to form flexibility, and the peel and the endosperm are preferably easy to peel;
step two: kneading and degerming: feeding the tempered corn in the step one into a kneading and degerming machine, kneading and degerming to knead the corn into four, six and eight petals, so that the corn is completely without breaking, and more than 70% of seed coats are stripped;
step three: screening and grading: feeding the materials in the second step into a high-square grading sieve for sieving, wherein the grading sieve is eight materials screened by 4 meshes, 4-6 meshes, 6-8 meshes, 8-12 meshes, 12-24 meshes, 24-40 meshes, 40-60 meshes and 60 meshes according to the particle density of the materials;
step four: peeling materials: feeding the eight materials prepared in the third step into a husk sucking machine respectively, and removing corn husks in the eight materials through graded air quantity and graded husk sucking;
step five: material separation: selecting blank germs and blank milk from eight materials in the fourth step through a blank selecting machine, wherein the two materials with 4-6 meshes and 6-8 meshes are selected, the blank germs are polished through a blank rubbing machine and then subjected to color selection through a color selector to obtain pure blanks, the blank milk is subjected to color selection through the color selector to obtain high-purity endosperm, and the blanks and the endosperm are purified;
step six: breaking endosperm: sieving the endosperm with different granularities obtained in the fifth step by a granulator, a high square flat screen and a compound purifier, and granulating, screening, purifying and refining partial skin impurities and crushed embryos to obtain purified endosperm;
step seven: endosperm purification: selecting the endosperm with different granularities obtained in the fifth step and the sixth step again by combining a skin absorbing machine and a color selector to remove skin impurities and trace broken germs, and obtaining granular pure endosperm with different diameters;
step eight: grinding to prepare powder: carrying out four-pass serial grinding on the pure endosperm obtained in the step seven by using an 8-roll flour mill, grinding the pure endosperm into 40-mesh full-through corn flour, and removing micro-particle metal objects by using a magnetic separator and a metal detector;
step nine: preparing: and (3) adding the material prepared in the step eight into edible water according to the mass ratio of 1.3 for size mixing, then turning to a colloid mill for pulp grinding, and finally preparing the glucose syrup through saccharification, liquefaction and protein extraction processes.
Preferably, the plumule prepared in the fifth step is subjected to embryo rubbing, skin absorption and polishing for 2 times to obtain the plumule with higher purity, and the plumule is weighed, steamed and fried, softened and pressed to obtain the corn germ oil.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the mixed skin powder obtained by skin absorption is subjected to skin pressing by a low-speed smooth roller and impact loosening machine, a square flat screen is fed after impact, pure skin and fine corn flour are separated by screening and grading, the pure skin is used for preparing yellow pigment extraction or feed, and the fine corn flour is used for preparing glucose syrup by adopting the nine-step process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the cost is reduced: the comprehensive cost of the traditional wet process per ton of processing technology is 800 yuan, the comprehensive cost of the processing technology per ton of the technology is only 100 yuan, the cost is saved by 700 yuan compared with the cost of the traditional processing technology per ton, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and the processing process has no environmental pollution.
2. The yield is high: the conventional 'full-dry process' has the germ yield of less than or equal to 6 percent, the low-fat and low-ash yield of corn flour of less than or equal to 65 percent, the germ yield of the technology of the invention is more than or equal to 9.5 percent, the yield is improved by 3.5 percent, and the low-fat and low-ash yield of corn grits and flour of more than or equal to 81 percent is improved by more than 16 percent.
The process has profound significance for processing corn grits and corn flour by corn food, realizing green environmental protection, energy conservation, efficiency improvement and the like for intensive processing enterprises.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
A process for preparing low-fat grits powder converted glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: conditioning and moistening the grains: the corn after grain cleaning is conveyed to a paddle type steam homogenizer, water vapor is added into the corn according to the proportion that 1-2% of water vapor, the steam pressure is 0.4Pa and 1% of normal temperature water are added, when the steam and the water are injected, the measurement and control are carried out through an intelligent moisture measurement and control instrument, the corn is fed into a tempering cabin after being homogenized, and after 4 hours of tempering, the embryo is enabled to form flexibility, and the peel and the endosperm are preferably easy to peel;
step two: kneading and degerming: feeding the tempered corn in the step one into a kneading and degerming machine, kneading and degerming to knead the corn into four, six and eight petals, so that the corn is completely without breaking, and more than 70% of seed coats are stripped;
step three: screening and grading: feeding the materials in the second step into a high-square grading sieve for sieving, wherein the grading sieve is eight materials screened by 4 meshes, 4-6 meshes, 6-8 meshes, 8-12 meshes, 12-24 meshes, 24-40 meshes, 40-60 meshes and 60 meshes according to the particle density of the materials;
step four: peeling materials: feeding the eight materials prepared in the third step into a husk sucking machine respectively, and removing corn husks in the eight materials through graded air quantity and graded husk sucking;
step five: material separation: selecting blank germs and blank embryo milk from eight materials in the fourth step, wherein the two materials with 4-6 meshes and 6-8 meshes are selected through a blank selecting machine, the blank germs are polished through a blank rubbing machine and then subjected to color selection through a color selector to obtain pure blanks, and the blank embryo milk is subjected to color selection through the color selector to obtain high-purity endosperm so that the blanks and the endosperm are purified;
step six: breaking endosperm: the endosperm with different granularities obtained in the fifth step is granulated, screened, cleaned and refined by a granulator, a high square flat screen and a compound purifier to obtain part of skin impurities and crushed germs, thus obtaining purified endosperm;
step seven: and (3) endosperm purification: selecting the endosperm with different granularities obtained in the fifth step and the sixth step again by combining a skin sucking machine and a color selector to remove skin impurities and a trace amount of broken germs, and obtaining granular purified endosperm with different diameters;
step eight: grinding to prepare powder: performing four-pass serial grinding on the pure endosperm obtained in the step seven by using an 8-roller grinding machine, grinding the pure endosperm into 40-mesh full-through corn flour, and removing micro-particle metal objects by using a magnetic separator and a metal detector;
step nine: preparing: and (5) adding edible water into the material prepared in the step (eight) according to the mass ratio of 1.
And F, rubbing the plumule obtained in the fifth step for 2 times, absorbing the skin and rubbing the plumule to obtain the plumule with higher purity, weighing, steaming and frying, softening and pressing oil to obtain the corn germ oil.
In the fourth step, the mixed skin powder obtained by skin absorption is subjected to low-speed smooth rolling and impact loosening machine, a square plansifter is fed after impact, pure skin and fine corn flour are separated by screening and grading, the pure skin is used for preparing yellow pigment extraction or feed, and the fine corn flour is used for preparing glucose syrup by adopting the nine-step process.
Claims (3)
1. A process for preparing low-fat grits powder and converting glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: conditioning and moistening the grain: the corn after grain cleaning is conveyed to a paddle type steam homogenizer, according to the conditions that 1-2% of water vapor and 0.4Pa of steam pressure are added into each ton of corn, 1% of normal temperature water is added, and when the steam and the water are injected, measurement and control are carried out by an intelligent moisture measurement and control instrument, the corn is fed into a tempering cabin after being homogenized, and after 4 hours of tempering, the germ forms flexibility, and the peel and the endosperm are good to be easily peeled;
step two: kneading and degerming: feeding the tempered corn in the step one into a kneading and degerming machine, kneading and degerming to knead the corn into four, six and eight petals, so that the corn is completely without breaking, and more than 70% of seed coats are stripped;
step three: screening and grading: feeding the materials in the second step into a high-square classifying screen, and screening, wherein the classifying screen is eight materials screened by 4-mesh sieves, 4-6-mesh sieves, 6-8-mesh sieves, 8-12-mesh sieves, 12-24-mesh sieves, 24-40-mesh sieves, 40-60-mesh sieves and 60-mesh sieves according to the particle density of the materials;
step four: peeling materials: feeding the eight materials prepared in the third step into a husk sucking machine respectively, and removing corn husks in the eight materials through graded air quantity and graded husk sucking;
step five: material separation: selecting blank germs and blank milk from eight materials in the fourth step through a blank selecting machine, wherein the two materials with 4-6 meshes and 6-8 meshes are selected, the blank germs are polished through a blank rubbing machine and then subjected to color selection through a color selector to obtain pure blanks, the blank milk is subjected to color selection through the color selector to obtain high-purity endosperm, and the blanks and the endosperm are purified;
step six: breaking endosperm: sieving the endosperm with different granularities obtained in the fifth step by a granulator, a high square flat screen and a compound purifier, and granulating, screening, purifying and refining partial skin impurities and crushed embryos to obtain purified endosperm;
step seven: endosperm purification: selecting the endosperm with different granularities obtained in the fifth step and the sixth step again by combining a skin sucking machine and a color selector to remove skin impurities and trace broken germs, and obtaining granular pure endosperm with different diameters;
step eight: grinding to prepare powder: carrying out four-pass serial grinding on the pure endosperm obtained in the step seven by using an 8-roll flour mill, grinding the pure endosperm into 40-mesh full-through corn flour, and removing micro-particle metal objects by using a magnetic separator and a metal detector;
step nine: preparing: and (3) adding the material prepared in the step eight into edible water according to the mass ratio of 1.3 for size mixing, then turning to a colloid mill for pulp grinding, and finally preparing the glucose syrup through saccharification, liquefaction and protein extraction processes.
2. The process for preparing the low fat grits powder conversion glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and D, rubbing the plumule prepared in the step five for 2 times, absorbing peel and rubbing to obtain the plumule with higher purity, weighing, steaming and frying, softening and pressing to obtain the corn germ oil.
3. The process for preparing the low fat grits powder conversion glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the mixed skin powder obtained by skin suction is fed into a square flat screen after being impacted by a low-speed smooth roller skin pressing and impact flour loosening machine, pure skin and fine corn flour are separated through screening and grading, the pure skin is used for preparing yellow pigment extraction or feed, and the fine corn flour is used for preparing glucose syrup by adopting the nine-step process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211483968.5A CN115807136A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Process for preparing low-fat grits powder and converting glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211483968.5A CN115807136A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Process for preparing low-fat grits powder and converting glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction |
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| CN115807136A true CN115807136A (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211483968.5A Pending CN115807136A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Process for preparing low-fat grits powder and converting glucose syrup by semi-dry corn embryo extraction and skin extraction |
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| Country | Link |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4181748A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1980-01-01 | Cpc International Inc. | Combined dry-wet milling process for refining corn |
| CN101353681A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-01-28 | 广州双桥股份有限公司 | Method for preparing nitrogen-containing starch syrup by peeled and degermed maize flour polyzyme method |
| CN104372049A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-02-25 | 沈玉现 | Technology for producing fructose-glucose syrup through full dry corn degerming powder production |
| CN108251470A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-07-06 | 毛强平 | A kind of preparation method of fructose syrup |
-
2022
- 2022-11-24 CN CN202211483968.5A patent/CN115807136A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4181748A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1980-01-01 | Cpc International Inc. | Combined dry-wet milling process for refining corn |
| CN101353681A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-01-28 | 广州双桥股份有限公司 | Method for preparing nitrogen-containing starch syrup by peeled and degermed maize flour polyzyme method |
| CN104372049A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2015-02-25 | 沈玉现 | Technology for producing fructose-glucose syrup through full dry corn degerming powder production |
| CN108251470A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-07-06 | 毛强平 | A kind of preparation method of fructose syrup |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 马忠诚, 张绪涛, 曲陆旺: "玉米直接法生产果葡糖浆", 黑龙江粮油科技, no. 03 * |
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