CN115804336A - Rice field water-saving irrigation system suitable for flowing irrigation district certainly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, and discloses a water-saving irrigation system for a rice field, which is suitable for a self-flowing irrigation area and comprises: a central processing unit; the data collection system is used for collecting the pH value, the temperature, the dryness and humidity of the rice field soil, the current water level of the rice field and the meteorological information of the place where the rice field is located in real time; the data feedback system is used for monitoring and feeding back the data collection system in real time; the water control system is used for performing water-saving control on the whole irrigation system; the manual intervention system is used for performing intervention control on the whole system; the prediction and decision system is used to derive data on whether irrigation is required, the time of irrigation and the amount of irrigation. The intelligent irrigation system has the advantages of simple structure, low power consumption, complete functions, high reliability and better popularization prospect, realizes the automatic acquisition and intelligent irrigation of the environmental information of the rice field, can guide users to manage the rice field better, reduces the irrigation cost and saves water resources.

Description

A water-saving irrigation system for paddy fields suitable for artesian irrigation areas

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, in particular to a water-saving irrigation system for paddy fields suitable for artesian irrigation areas.

Background technique

Rice is the main food crop in my country. The traditional flood irrigation mode not only consumes a lot of water, which leads to serious waste of water resources, low water use, but also easily causes environmental non-point source pollution. With the rapid population growth and economic development in our country, one of the biggest problems our country faces is water shortage. Water shortage seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture, so at present, the water-saving cultivation mode has gradually replaced the traditional flooding and flooding cultivation mode. Water-saving irrigation mode can significantly improve water use efficiency. Facts have proved that the water-saving cultivation mode of rice can promote the growth and development of rice, increase the number of effective tillers, and increase yield. Moreover, water irrigation through intelligent control is more accurate than judging the water level with the naked eye, and can liberate labor. Then how to control the soil moisture according to the different water requirements in different growth periods of rice, and realize the automation and intelligent irrigation of rice fields is very important. Therefore, we make improvements and propose a water-saving irrigation system for paddy fields suitable for artesian irrigation areas.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for artesian irrigation areas, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for artesian irrigation areas, comprising:

CPU;

The data collection system is used to collect the pH, temperature, dry humidity of the paddy field soil, the current water level of the paddy field and the meteorological information of the paddy field in real time;

Data feedback system for real-time monitoring and feedback of the data collection system;

Water control system for water-saving control of the entire irrigation system;

Manual intervention system for intervention control of the entire system;

Forecasting and decision-making systems to derive data on the need for irrigation, when and how much to irrigate.

Preferably, the data collection system includes a pH meter, a thermometer, a moisture monitor, an online liquid level gauge, and a weather station, and the signal terminals of the pH meter, the thermometer, the moisture monitor, the online liquid level gauge, and the weather station are all Bi-directional signal connection with the signal terminal of the central processing unit.

Preferably, the data collection system further includes a collection unit, the collection unit includes: illuminance, soil moisture content and wind speed information, and sends the information to the central processing unit through the controller connected thereto.

Preferably, the data feedback system processes the real-time pH, temperature, moisture data and corresponding water level data collected by the data collection system during the rice growth period to form a data mapping relationship, and finally trains it into an RNN pattern recognition system. The data combined with the meteorological conditions can be used to judge whether irrigation is needed.

Preferably, the water control system includes a solenoid valve, and the system can calculate the current water level reference threshold in the paddy field according to the collected information such as paddy field soil dry humidity, pH, temperature, and then compare the actual water level with the reference threshold, If it is judged that the current actual water level has a high probability that the water level has changed relative to the reference threshold, that is, a certain water level needs to be replenished, then output the corresponding irrigation water volume and start the valve to realize automatic irrigation. In the new rice growth period , the system can judge the probability of changes in the water body and make corresponding countermeasures.

Preferably, the smart phone equipped with APP in the manual intervention system is used as a mobile terminal for receiving and sending real-time weather station information, sensor information and valve instruction information sent by the data collection system, and for manually actively using the mobile terminal to control The water system issues irrigation commands to prevent the system from malfunctioning, and can manually issue commands to the irrigation system to control the valves.

Preferably, when the prediction and decision-making system makes a decision, it needs to consider the crop coefficient value and crop evapotranspiration, and the calculation method of crop evapotranspiration is:

in,

γ＝0.665×10 ^-3 Pa

ET0 is the reference crop evapotranspiration; Δ is the slope on the saturated water pressure-temperature curve; T is the monthly average temperature; γ is the constant of the hygrometer; Altitude; mH is the wind speed at a height of H meters from the ground, and H is the height at which the wind speed is measured; ex and ea are the saturated water vapor pressure and the actual water vapor pressure of the air, respectively.

Preferably, the determination method of described irrigation time is:

t=(Pe+Asw)/(ETc-Ge)t is to determine the irrigation time interval; Asw is the effective soil water storage; Ge is the groundwater recharge; ETc is the crop water demand; Pe is the effective rainfall; Pe=Pr σPr is the total rainfall of a certain rainfall; σ is the effective rainfall coefficient, and the value of σ is as follows:

Asw＝10L r (θ0-θFC Gx/100) ETc＝Kc ET0Ge＝(B-0.15GWD) ETc In the formula, Kc is the crop coefficient; L is the depth of the root active layer of the crop; r is the dry bulk density of the soil , θ0 and θFC are the initial soil moisture content and real-time soil moisture content, respectively; Gx is the lower limit index of soil moisture suitable for crop irrigation; B is the groundwater recharge coefficient; GWD is the groundwater depth.

The invention provides a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for artesian irrigation areas. Has the following beneficial effects:

(1), the present invention has simple structure, low power consumption, perfect function and high reliability, and has a good promotion prospect, realizes automatic acquisition of environmental information and intelligent irrigation of paddy fields, and can guide users to better manage paddy fields , while reducing irrigation costs and saving water resources.

(2), the present invention achieves precision irrigation, improves the situation of wasting water resources in the existing traditional irrigation methods; and under the premise of satisfying the growth of rice, reduces the impact of irrigation on the loss of fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus, improves the utilization rate of fertilizers, Reduced agricultural non-point source pollution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for artesian irrigation areas according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention.

Examples of the described embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals designate like or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial" , "radial", "circumferential" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or Elements must have certain orientations, be constructed and operate in certain orientations, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for artesian irrigation areas, including:

CPU;

The data collection system is used to collect the pH, temperature, dry humidity of the paddy field soil, the current water level of the paddy field and the meteorological information of the paddy field in real time;

Data feedback system for real-time monitoring and feedback of the data collection system;

Water control system for water-saving control of the entire irrigation system;

Manual intervention system for intervention control of the entire system;

Forecasting and decision-making systems to derive data on the need for irrigation, when and how much to irrigate.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the data collection system includes a pH meter, a thermometer, a moisture monitor, an online liquid level gauge, and a weather station. Bi-directional signal connection with the signal terminal of the central processing unit.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the data collection system further includes a collection unit, which includes information on illuminance, soil moisture content and wind speed, and sends the information to the central processing unit through a controller connected thereto.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the data feedback system processes the real-time pH, temperature, moisture data and corresponding water level data collected by the data collection system to form a data mapping relationship, and finally trains it into an RNN pattern recognition system. Later sensor data combined with meteorological conditions to judge whether irrigation is needed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the water control system includes a solenoid valve. The system can calculate the reference threshold value of the water level in the current paddy field according to the collected information such as the dry humidity, pH, and temperature of the paddy field soil, and then compare the actual water level with the reference threshold value. In contrast, if it is judged that the current actual water level has a high probability that the water level has changed relative to the reference threshold, that is, a certain level of water needs to be replenished, then the corresponding irrigation amount is output, and the valve is activated to realize automatic irrigation. During the period, the system can judge the probability of changes in the water body and make corresponding countermeasures.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the smart phone equipped with APP in the manual intervention system is used as a mobile terminal, which is used to receive and send real-time weather station information, sensor information and valve instruction information sent by the data collection system, and is also used to manually pass through the mobile terminal actively. Send irrigation instructions to the water control system to prevent the system from malfunctioning. You can manually send instructions to the irrigation system to control the valves.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the prediction and decision-making system makes a decision, it needs to consider the crop coefficient value and crop evapotranspiration, and the calculation method of crop evapotranspiration is:

in,

γ＝0.665×10 ^-3 Pa

ET0 is the reference crop evapotranspiration; Δ is the slope on the saturated water pressure-temperature curve; T is the monthly average temperature; γ is the constant of the hygrometer; Altitude; mH is the wind speed at a height of H meters from the ground, and H is the height at which the wind speed is measured; ex and ea are the saturated water vapor pressure and the actual water vapor pressure of the air, respectively.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the determination method of irrigation time is:

t=(Pe+Asw)/(ETc-Ge)t is to determine the irrigation time interval; Asw is the effective soil water storage; Ge is the groundwater recharge; ETc is the crop water demand; Pe is the effective rainfall; Pe=Pr σPr is the total rainfall of a certain rainfall; σ is the effective rainfall coefficient, and the value of σ is as follows:

Asw＝10L r (θ0-θFC Gx/100) ETc＝Kc ET0Ge＝(B-0.15GWD) ETc In the formula, Kc is the crop coefficient; L is the depth of the root active layer of the crop; r is the dry bulk density of the soil , θ0 and θFC are the initial soil moisture content and real-time soil moisture content, respectively; Gx is the lower limit index of soil moisture suitable for crop irrigation; B is the groundwater recharge coefficient; GWD is the groundwater depth.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. There is no such actual relationship or order between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a referenced structure" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for from flowing irrigation district which characterized in that includes:

a central processing unit;

the data collection system is used for collecting the pH value, the temperature, the dryness and humidity of the rice field soil, the current water level of the rice field and the meteorological information of the place where the rice field is located in real time;

the data feedback system is used for monitoring and feeding back the data collection system in real time;

the water control system is used for performing water-saving control on the whole irrigation system;

the manual intervention system is used for carrying out intervention control on the whole system;

and the prediction and decision system is used for obtaining data of whether irrigation is needed or not, irrigation time and irrigation quantity.

2. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for the self-irrigating areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data collection system comprises a pH meter, a temperature meter, a moisture monitor, an online liquid level meter and a weather station, wherein the signal ends of the pH meter, the temperature meter, the moisture monitor, the online liquid level meter and the weather station are connected with the signal end bidirectional signal of the central processing unit.

3. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: the data collection system further comprises a collection unit comprising: and the illuminance, the soil moisture content and the wind speed information are sent to a central processing unit through a controller connected with the information.

4. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: the data feedback system processes the real-time pH value, temperature and water data and corresponding water level height data acquired by the data acquisition system in the rice growth period to form a data mapping relation, finally trains an RNN mode recognition system, and judges whether irrigation is needed according to the data of a later-stage sensor and weather conditions.

5. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for the self-irrigating areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water control system comprises an electromagnetic valve, the system can calculate a current water level reference threshold value in the rice field according to information such as the soil dryness and humidity, the pH value and the temperature of the rice field obtained through collection, then the actual water level is compared with the reference threshold value, if the current actual water level is judged to have a high probability, the water level is indicated to be changed relative to the reference threshold value, namely water with a certain water level needs to be supplemented, corresponding irrigation quantity is output, a valve is started, automatic irrigation is achieved, and in a new rice growth period, the system can judge the probability of the change of the water body and make corresponding countermeasures.

6. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: the intelligent mobile phone of APP is carried on to artifical intervention system is as mobile terminal for receive the real-time meteorological station information of transmission, sensor information and the valve instruction information that data collection system sent, still be used for the manual work initiative to send irrigation instruction to accuse water system through mobile terminal, prevent that the system from breaking down, can artifically send the instruction to irrigation system, carry out the control of valve.

7. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: when the prediction and decision system makes a decision, the crop coefficient value and the crop evapotranspiration amount need to be considered, and the crop evapotranspiration amount is calculated by the following method:

wherein,

γ＝0.665×10 ^-3 P _a

ET0 is the evapotranspiration amount of the reference crop; delta is the slope on the saturated water pressure-temperature curve; t is the monthly average temperature; gamma is a hygrometer constant; pa is the local actual air pressure value, and m2 is the wind speed at the height of 2m from the ground; z is the altitude; mH is the wind speed at the height of H meters above the ground, and H is the measured height of the wind speed; ex and ea are the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure of the air, respectively.

8. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 7, wherein: the method for determining the irrigation time comprises the following steps:

t = (Pe + Asw)/(ETc-Ge) t is a definite irrigation time interval; asw is the effective water storage capacity of the soil; ge is groundwater supply; ETc is the crop water demand; pe is effective rainfall; pe = Pr · σ Pr is the total amount of rainfall in a certain rainfall; sigma is an effective rainfall coefficient, and the value of sigma is as follows:

asw =10L · r · (θ 0- θ FC · Gx/100) ETc = Kc · ET0Ge = (B-0.15 GWD) · etc. where Kc is a crop coefficient; l is the depth of the active layer of the root system of the crop; r is the dry volume weight of the soil, and theta 0 and theta FC are the initial water content of the soil and the real-time water content of the soil respectively; gx is a soil moisture lower limit index suitable for irrigation of crops; b is groundwater recharge coefficient; GWD is groundwater burial depth.

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