CN115804336A - Rice field water-saving irrigation system suitable for flowing irrigation district certainly - Google Patents
Rice field water-saving irrigation system suitable for flowing irrigation district certainly Download PDFInfo
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- CN115804336A CN115804336A CN202211692362.2A CN202211692362A CN115804336A CN 115804336 A CN115804336 A CN 115804336A CN 202211692362 A CN202211692362 A CN 202211692362A CN 115804336 A CN115804336 A CN 115804336A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, and discloses a water-saving irrigation system for a rice field, which is suitable for a self-flowing irrigation area and comprises: a central processing unit; the data collection system is used for collecting the pH value, the temperature, the dryness and humidity of the rice field soil, the current water level of the rice field and the meteorological information of the place where the rice field is located in real time; the data feedback system is used for monitoring and feeding back the data collection system in real time; the water control system is used for performing water-saving control on the whole irrigation system; the manual intervention system is used for performing intervention control on the whole system; the prediction and decision system is used to derive data on whether irrigation is required, the time of irrigation and the amount of irrigation. The intelligent irrigation system has the advantages of simple structure, low power consumption, complete functions, high reliability and better popularization prospect, realizes the automatic acquisition and intelligent irrigation of the environmental information of the rice field, can guide users to manage the rice field better, reduces the irrigation cost and saves water resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water-saving irrigation, in particular to a water-saving irrigation system for a rice field, which is suitable for a self-flowing irrigation area.
Background
Rice is a main grain crop in China, and the traditional flood irrigation mode not only has high water consumption, causes serious water resource waste and low water utilization amount, but also easily causes environmental non-point source pollution. With the rapid growth of population and the development of economy in China, one of the biggest problems faced by China is water shortage. The water shortage seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture, so the water-saving cultivation mode gradually replaces the traditional flood irrigation and water flooding cultivation mode at present. The water-saving irrigation mode can obviously improve the water utilization rate. The fact proves that the water-saving rice cultivation mode can promote the growth and development of rice, increase the effective tiller number and improve the yield. And moreover, the water level is more accurate than the water level judged by naked eyes through intelligently controlling the water irrigation, and the manpower can be liberated. Therefore, an improvement is made and a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for a self-flowing irrigation area is provided for the reason that the key is how to control the moisture of soil according to the requirements of different moisture of paddy rice in different growth periods and realize automatic intelligent irrigation of a paddy field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for a self-flowing irrigation area, and the purpose of solving the problems is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas, comprising:
a central processing unit;
the data collection system is used for collecting the pH value, the temperature, the dryness and humidity of the soil in the rice field, the current water level of the rice field and the meteorological information of the place where the rice field is located in real time;
the data feedback system is used for monitoring and feeding back the data collection system in real time;
the water control system is used for performing water-saving control on the whole irrigation system;
the manual intervention system is used for carrying out intervention control on the whole system;
and the prediction and decision system is used for obtaining data of whether irrigation is needed or not, irrigation time and irrigation quantity.
Preferably, the data collection system comprises a pH meter, a temperature meter, a moisture monitor, an online liquid level meter and a weather station, wherein the signal ends of the pH meter, the temperature meter, the moisture monitor, the online liquid level meter and the weather station are connected with the signal end of the central processing unit in a bidirectional signal manner.
Preferably, the data collection system further comprises a collection unit comprising: and the illuminance, the soil moisture content and the wind speed information are sent to a central processing unit through a controller connected with the information.
Preferably, the data feedback system processes the real-time pH value, temperature and water data and the corresponding water level height data of the rice in the growing period acquired by the data acquisition system to form a data mapping relation, finally trains the data mapping relation into an RNN mode identification system, and judges whether irrigation is needed or not according to the data of the later-stage sensor and the meteorological conditions.
Preferably, the water control system comprises an electromagnetic valve, the system can calculate a current water level reference threshold value in the rice field according to the acquired information of the soil dryness, the soil acidity and alkalinity, the temperature and the like of the rice field, then the actual water level is compared with the reference threshold value, if the current actual water level is judged to have a high probability, the water level is changed relative to the reference threshold value, namely water with a certain water level needs to be supplemented, corresponding irrigation quantity is output, the valve is started, automatic irrigation is realized, and in a new rice growth period, the system can judge the probability of the change of the water body and make corresponding countermeasures.
Preferably, the smart mobile phone that artifical intervention system carried on APP is as mobile terminal for receiving sending real-time meteorological station information, sensor information and the valve instruction information that data collection system sent, still be used for the manual work initiative to send irrigation instruction to accuse water system through mobile terminal, prevent that the system from breaking down, can the manual work send out the instruction to irrigation system, carry out the control of valve.
Preferably, when the prediction and decision system makes a decision, the crop coefficient value and the crop evapotranspiration amount need to be considered, and the crop evapotranspiration amount is calculated by the following method:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
γ＝0.665×10 -3 Pa
ET0 is the evaporation capacity of the reference crop; delta is the slope on the saturated water pressure-temperature curve; t is the monthly average temperature; gamma is a hygrometer constant; pa is the local actual air pressure value, and m2 is the wind speed at the height of 2m from the ground; z is the altitude; mH is the wind speed at the height of H meters above the ground, and H is the measured height of the wind speed; ex and ea are the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure of the air, respectively.
Preferably, the irrigation time is determined by the following method:
t = (Pe + Asw)/(ETc-Ge) t is the determined irrigation time interval; asw is the effective water storage capacity of the soil; ge is the groundwater supply; ETc is the crop water demand; pe is effective rainfall; pe = Pr · σ Pr is the total amount of rainfall in a certain rainfall; sigma is an effective rainfall coefficient, and the value of sigma is as follows:
asw =10L · r · (θ 0- θ FC · Gx/100) ETc = Kc · ET0Ge = (B-0.15 GWD) · etc., where Kc is the crop coefficient; l is the depth of the active layer of the root system of the crop; r is the dry volume weight of the soil, and theta 0 and theta FC are the initial water content of the soil and the real-time water content of the soil respectively; gx is a soil moisture lower limit index suitable for irrigation of crops; b is groundwater recharge coefficient; GWD is groundwater burial depth.
The invention provides a water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for a self-flowing irrigation area. The method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The intelligent irrigation system is simple in structure, low in power consumption, complete in function, high in reliability and good in popularization prospect, realizes automatic acquisition and intelligent irrigation of environmental information of the rice field, can guide users to manage the rice field better, reduces irrigation cost and saves water resources.
(2) The invention realizes accurate irrigation and improves the condition that the existing traditional irrigation mode wastes water sources; on the premise of meeting the requirement of rice growth, the influence of irrigation on the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus of the fertilizer is reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, and agricultural non-point source pollution is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a water-saving irrigation system for paddy field suitable for self-irrigating areas according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas, comprising:
a central processing unit;
the data collection system is used for collecting the pH value, the temperature, the dryness and humidity of the soil in the rice field, the current water level of the rice field and the meteorological information of the place where the rice field is located in real time;
the data feedback system is used for monitoring and feeding back the data collection system in real time;
the water control system is used for performing water-saving control on the whole irrigation system;
the manual intervention system is used for carrying out intervention control on the whole system;
and the prediction and decision system is used for obtaining data of whether irrigation is needed or not, irrigation time and irrigation quantity.
In the embodiment of the invention, the data collection system comprises a pH meter, a temperature meter, a moisture monitor, an online liquid level meter and a weather station, wherein the signal ends of the pH meter, the temperature meter, the moisture monitor, the online liquid level meter and the weather station are all in bidirectional signal connection with the signal end of the central processing unit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the data collection system further comprises a collection unit, the collection unit comprising: and the illuminance, the soil moisture content and the wind speed information are sent to a central processing unit through a controller connected with the information.
In the embodiment of the invention, the data feedback system processes the real-time pH value, temperature and water data and the corresponding water level height data of the rice in the growing period according to the data acquisition system to form a data mapping relation, and finally trains an RNN mode recognition system, and judges whether irrigation is needed or not according to the data of a later-stage sensor and meteorological conditions.
In the embodiment of the invention, the water control system comprises an electromagnetic valve, the system can calculate the current water level reference threshold value in the rice field according to the acquired information of the soil dryness and humidity, the pH value, the temperature and the like of the rice field, then the actual water level is compared with the reference threshold value, if the fact that the current actual water level has a high probability is judged to indicate that the water level is changed relative to the reference threshold value, namely water with a certain water level needs to be supplemented, the corresponding irrigation amount is output, the valve is started, automatic irrigation is realized, and in a new rice growth period, the system can judge the probability of the change of the water body and make corresponding measures.
In the embodiment of the invention, the intelligent mobile phone carrying the APP in the manual intervention system is used as a mobile terminal, is used for receiving real-time weather station information, sensor information and valve instruction information sent by the data collection system and is also used for manually and actively sending an irrigation instruction to the water control system through the mobile terminal, so that the system is prevented from being in fault, and can manually send an instruction to the irrigation system to control the valve.
In the embodiment of the invention, when a prediction and decision system makes a decision, the crop coefficient value and the crop evapotranspiration amount need to be considered, and the calculation method of the crop evapotranspiration amount comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
γ＝0.665×10 -3 Pa
ET0 is the evaporation capacity of the reference crop; delta is the slope on the saturated water pressure-temperature curve; t is the monthly average temperature; gamma is a hygrometer constant; pa is the local actual air pressure value, and m2 is the wind speed at the height of 2m from the ground; z is the altitude; mH is the wind speed at the height of H meters above the ground, and H is the measured height of the wind speed; ex and ea are the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure of the air, respectively.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method for determining the irrigation time comprises the following steps:
t = (Pe + Asw)/(ETc-Ge) t is a definite irrigation time interval; asw is the effective water storage capacity of the soil; ge is groundwater supply; ETc is the crop water demand; pe is effective rainfall; pe = Pr. Sigma Pr is the total rainfall amount of a certain rainfall; sigma is an effective rainfall coefficient, and the value of sigma is as follows:
asw =10L · r · (θ 0- θ FC · Gx/100) ETc = Kc · ET0Ge = (B-0.15 GWD) · etc. where Kc is a crop coefficient; l is the depth of the active layer of the root system of the crop; r is the dry volume weight of the soil, and theta 0 and theta FC are the initial water content of the soil and the real-time water content of the soil respectively; gx is a soil moisture lower limit index suitable for irrigation of crops; b is groundwater recharge coefficient; GWD is groundwater burial depth.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a paddy field water-saving irrigation system suitable for from flowing irrigation district which characterized in that includes:
a central processing unit;
the data collection system is used for collecting the pH value, the temperature, the dryness and humidity of the rice field soil, the current water level of the rice field and the meteorological information of the place where the rice field is located in real time;
the data feedback system is used for monitoring and feeding back the data collection system in real time;
the water control system is used for performing water-saving control on the whole irrigation system;
the manual intervention system is used for carrying out intervention control on the whole system;
and the prediction and decision system is used for obtaining data of whether irrigation is needed or not, irrigation time and irrigation quantity.
2. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for the self-irrigating areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data collection system comprises a pH meter, a temperature meter, a moisture monitor, an online liquid level meter and a weather station, wherein the signal ends of the pH meter, the temperature meter, the moisture monitor, the online liquid level meter and the weather station are connected with the signal end bidirectional signal of the central processing unit.
3. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: the data collection system further comprises a collection unit comprising: and the illuminance, the soil moisture content and the wind speed information are sent to a central processing unit through a controller connected with the information.
4. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: the data feedback system processes the real-time pH value, temperature and water data and corresponding water level height data acquired by the data acquisition system in the rice growth period to form a data mapping relation, finally trains an RNN mode recognition system, and judges whether irrigation is needed according to the data of a later-stage sensor and weather conditions.
5. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for the self-irrigating areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water control system comprises an electromagnetic valve, the system can calculate a current water level reference threshold value in the rice field according to information such as the soil dryness and humidity, the pH value and the temperature of the rice field obtained through collection, then the actual water level is compared with the reference threshold value, if the current actual water level is judged to have a high probability, the water level is indicated to be changed relative to the reference threshold value, namely water with a certain water level needs to be supplemented, corresponding irrigation quantity is output, a valve is started, automatic irrigation is achieved, and in a new rice growth period, the system can judge the probability of the change of the water body and make corresponding countermeasures.
6. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: the intelligent mobile phone of APP is carried on to artifical intervention system is as mobile terminal for receive the real-time meteorological station information of transmission, sensor information and the valve instruction information that data collection system sent, still be used for the manual work initiative to send irrigation instruction to accuse water system through mobile terminal, prevent that the system from breaking down, can artifically send the instruction to irrigation system, carry out the control of valve.
7. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 1, wherein: when the prediction and decision system makes a decision, the crop coefficient value and the crop evapotranspiration amount need to be considered, and the crop evapotranspiration amount is calculated by the following method:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
γ＝0.665×10 -3 P a
ET0 is the evapotranspiration amount of the reference crop; delta is the slope on the saturated water pressure-temperature curve; t is the monthly average temperature; gamma is a hygrometer constant; pa is the local actual air pressure value, and m2 is the wind speed at the height of 2m from the ground; z is the altitude; mH is the wind speed at the height of H meters above the ground, and H is the measured height of the wind speed; ex and ea are the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure of the air, respectively.
8. The water-saving paddy field irrigation system suitable for self-irrigating areas according to claim 7, wherein: the method for determining the irrigation time comprises the following steps:
t = (Pe + Asw)/(ETc-Ge) t is a definite irrigation time interval; asw is the effective water storage capacity of the soil; ge is groundwater supply; ETc is the crop water demand; pe is effective rainfall; pe = Pr · σ Pr is the total amount of rainfall in a certain rainfall; sigma is an effective rainfall coefficient, and the value of sigma is as follows:
asw =10L · r · (θ 0- θ FC · Gx/100) ETc = Kc · ET0Ge = (B-0.15 GWD) · etc. where Kc is a crop coefficient; l is the depth of the active layer of the root system of the crop; r is the dry volume weight of the soil, and theta 0 and theta FC are the initial water content of the soil and the real-time water content of the soil respectively; gx is a soil moisture lower limit index suitable for irrigation of crops; b is groundwater recharge coefficient; GWD is groundwater burial depth.
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| CN202211692362.2A CN115804336A (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Rice field water-saving irrigation system suitable for flowing irrigation district certainly |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117981663A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-05-07 | 黑龙江智云互联农业科技有限公司 | Automatic water-saving accurate irrigation system for paddy field |
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- 2022-12-28 CN CN202211692362.2A patent/CN115804336A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117981663A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-05-07 | 黑龙江智云互联农业科技有限公司 | Automatic water-saving accurate irrigation system for paddy field |
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