CN115799824B - Linear array antenna - Google Patents
Linear array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115799824B CN115799824B CN202211616823.8A CN202211616823A CN115799824B CN 115799824 B CN115799824 B CN 115799824B CN 202211616823 A CN202211616823 A CN 202211616823A CN 115799824 B CN115799824 B CN 115799824B
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- passivation layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a linear array antenna, which comprises a shell and a plurality of antenna units detachably assembled on the shell, wherein each antenna unit comprises a reflection passivation layer, a conductive constraint layer, a radiation unit, a feeder line, a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, the upper end of the reflection passivation layer is provided with a first surface, the lower end of the reflection passivation layer is provided with a second surface, the radiation unit is of a strip-shaped structure, the radiation unit is transversely arranged on the first surface, and the feeder line is arranged on the second surface; the invention adopts the reflection passivation layer and the conductive constraint layer to constrain the radiation direction of the radiation unit, and then arranges a plurality of antenna units to form the linear array antenna, and the plurality of antenna units are integrated on the shell in a mode of being convenient for assembly, thereby achieving the purposes of uniform overall structure of the microwave array antenna due to different numbers of arranged vibrators, realizing high-gain narrow-beam coverage of the antenna and more precisely controlling the coverage area of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a linear array antenna.
Background
Along with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the continuous updating of intelligent traffic technology is promoted, along with the increasing of the number of vehicles in recent years, intelligent traffic policy becomes an important technology for relieving traffic jam, at present, in some traffic transaction processing sections, in order to prevent traffic jam caused by parking in transaction processing, the transaction processing items are sequentially subjected to point-to-point wireless communication through the transaction processing sections and each passing vehicle-mounted device, so that the transaction processing efficiency can be improved, the purpose of no stop in transaction processing, such as expressway charging, bridge charging and the like, can be achieved, and the purpose of being capable of receiving the toll of the expressway or bridge through the adoption of ETC (electronic toll collection system) on special sections, such as the expressway or bridge charging can be achieved by adopting special short-range communication between vehicle-mounted electronic tags in vehicles and microwave antennas on ETC lanes in toll stations through the use of computer networking technology and banks, and the communication capability of a toll collection channel is 5 to 10 times that of the toll collection channel is required.
In order to more accurately control the antenna coverage area, a microwave antenna is often in a microwave array antenna mode, a plurality of half-wave vibrators are arranged into a vertical linear array so as to form superposition on energy, meanwhile, each antenna unit is weighted in amplitude, so that the low side lobe design of the antenna is realized, the problem of adjacent lane interference is solved, the high-gain narrow-beam coverage of the antenna is realized, the aim of more accurately controlling the antenna coverage area is achieved, but the mode has certain defects, because the complexity of road conditions is high, the antenna installation positions are different, the gain requirements on the antenna are different, the types of products manufactured by manufacturers are more, the complexity of production and manufacture is improved, the production and manufacture cost is increased, and the complexity of a feed network is improved in an amplitude weighting mode; in this regard, a new technical solution is necessary to be provided for how to set up the different numbers of vibrators and the overall structure of the microwave array antenna is uniform and for realizing the narrow beam design of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a technical scheme capable of solving the problems.
The linear array antenna comprises a shell and a plurality of antenna units which are detachably assembled on the shell, wherein each antenna unit comprises a reflection passivation layer, a conductive constraint layer, a radiation unit, a feeder line, a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, the upper end of the reflection passivation layer is provided with a first surface, the lower end of the reflection passivation layer is provided with a second surface, the radiation unit is of a strip-shaped structure, the radiation unit is transversely arranged on the first surface, the feeder line is arranged on the second surface, the reflection passivation layer is provided with a wire passing hole penetrating through the first surface and the second surface, and the feeder line is connected with the radiation unit through the wire passing hole; the conductive constraint layer is arranged on the reflection passivation layer, a constraint window is arranged on the conductive constraint layer and filled with the reflection passivation layer through a first dielectric layer, a projection surface of the constraint window, which is vertically downward, is covered on the radiation unit, a second dielectric layer is arranged on the second surface and is covered on the feeder, and an antenna joint connected with the feeder is embedded in the second dielectric layer;
the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, wherein a linear fixing groove is formed in the lower shell, a radio frequency plate is arranged in the linear fixing groove, a radio frequency seat matched with an antenna joint is arranged on the radio frequency plate, a plurality of antenna units are transversely arranged along the linear fixing groove and are connected with the radio frequency seat through the antenna joint, a plurality of radiation units are arranged into a transversely placed linear array through the limitation of the linear fixing groove, the upper shell and the lower shell are fixedly covered, and the upper shell supports and fixes the antenna units on the lower shell.
Preferably, a plurality of positioning columns are arranged at positions corresponding to each antenna unit in the linear fixing groove, positioning holes matched with the positioning columns are arranged on the radio frequency plate and the second medium layer, the radio frequency plate and the antenna units are arranged on the linear fixing groove through positioning hole positioning devices, and two adjacent antenna units are in butt fit.
Preferably, two positioning strips are arranged on the lower shell, a linear fixing groove is formed between the two corresponding positioning strips on the lower shell, the distance between the front side and the rear side of the second dielectric layer is smaller than the distance between the front side and the rear side of the reflective passivation layer, so that a step part formed by positioning and erecting on the positioning strips is formed between the front side and the rear side of the second dielectric layer and the front side and the rear side of the reflective passivation layer, and the front side and the rear side of the second dielectric layer are propped against between the two positioning strips.
Preferably, the radiating unit includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are transversely arranged in a long strip shape, and opposite ends of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected with the feeder line through the via hole.
Preferably, an end of the first transmission line opposite to the second transmission line and an end of the feeder line connected to the radiating element have an overlapping portion on the vertical projection plane, and the first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected to the feeder line through the overlapping portion.
Preferably, the constraint window has an elliptical structure, and the long axis of the constraint window is parallel to the length direction of the radiation unit.
Preferably, a series connection wire or a parallel connection wire is arranged on the radio frequency board, and a plurality of feeder lines are connected in series or in parallel through the series connection wire or the parallel connection wire.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the radiation unit and the feeder line are fixedly installed by arranging the reflective passivation layer between the radiation unit and the feeder line and arranging the reflective passivation layer with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, so that the radiation energy can be controlled to a single-side direction by using the reflective passivation layer, and the reflective passivation layer is arranged on one side of the radiation direction of the radiation unit and reflects power to the single-side direction, thereby improving the gain; the conductive constraint layer is arranged, the constraint window is arranged on the conductive constraint layer, and the projection surface of the constraint window, which is vertically downward, covers the radiation unit, so that the constraint window can constrain the radiation range of the radiation unit pattern, the gain of the radiation unit along the direction of the constraint window is improved, and the design of the narrow wave beam of the antenna is realized;
through setting each oscillator of array antenna to an antenna element, adopt the casing that has the radio frequency board, inject the position of antenna element through the casing, make a plurality of antenna elements only fix a position and lay in the casing just can carry out array arrangement, the producer just can make the array antenna of different oscillator numbers according to actual demand when producing the preparation, it only lies in the difference on the casing length, also can be directly the casing of unifying the length, thereby can realize setting up the oscillator quantity different and microwave array antenna overall structure unified requirement, can reduce the complexity of production manufacturing and manufacturing cost.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the invention with the housing removed;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of another view cross-sectional structure of the antenna unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an antenna unit according to the present invention.
Reference numerals and names in the drawings are as follows:
the antenna comprises a shell 10, an upper shell 11, a lower shell 12, a linear fixing groove 13, a radio frequency plate 14, a radio frequency seat 15, a positioning column 16, a positioning strip 17, an antenna unit 20, a reflection passivation layer 21, a first surface 211, a second surface 212, a wire passing hole 213, a conductive constraint layer 22, a constraint window 221, a radiation unit 23, a first transmission line 231, a second transmission line 232, a feeder line 24, a first dielectric layer 25, a second dielectric layer 26, an antenna joint 261, a step part 27 and an overlapped part 28.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, a linear array antenna includes a housing 10 and a plurality of antenna units 20 detachably assembled on the housing 10, where the antenna units 20 include a reflective passivation layer 21, a conductive constraint layer 22, a radiation unit 23, a feeder line 24, a first dielectric layer 25 and a second dielectric layer 26, the total length of the radiation unit 23 is set to be one half wavelength, the gain of a single half-wave oscillator is 2.15dBi, the gains of two half-wave oscillators are 5.15dBi, the gains of four half-wave oscillators are 8.15dBi, and different gains can be achieved according to different numbers of the antenna units 20 in the linear array antenna; in addition, the reflective passivation layer 21 and the conductive confinement layer 22 have a fixing and gain effect on the radiation unit 23 and the feed line 24, and the first dielectric layer 25 and the second dielectric layer 26 have an integrating effect on the whole antenna unit 20;
by arranging the reflective passivation layer 21 between the radiation unit 23 and the feeder 24, the upper end of the reflective passivation layer 21 is provided with a first surface 211, the lower end of the reflective passivation layer 21 is provided with a second surface 212, the fixed installation of the radiation unit 23 and the feeder 24 is realized, the radiation unit 23 is in a strip-shaped structure, the radiation unit 23 is transversely arranged on the first surface 211, the feeder 24 is arranged on the second surface 212, and the feeder 24 is connected with the radiation unit 23 through the via hole 213 by arranging a via hole 213 penetrating through the first surface 211 and the second surface 212 on the reflective passivation layer 21; the radiation energy can be controlled to the single-side direction by utilizing the reflection passivation layer 21, and the reflection passivation layer 21 is arranged at one side of the radiation direction of the radiation unit 23 to reflect power to the single-side direction, so that the gain is improved;
the conductive constraint layer 22 is positioned on the reflective passivation layer 21, the space between the conductive constraint layer 22 and the reflective passivation layer 21 is filled by the first dielectric layer 25, the conductive constraint layer 22 is provided with a constraint window 221, the vertical downward projection surface of the constraint window 221 covers the radiation unit 23, the conductive constraint layer 22 is provided, the constraint window 221 is arranged on the conductive constraint layer 22, the vertical downward projection surface of the constraint window 221 covers the radiation unit 23, so that the constraint window 221 can constrain the radiation range of the radiation unit 23, the gain of the radiation unit 23 along the direction of the constraint window 221 is improved, and the design of the narrow beam of the antenna is realized;
the second dielectric layer 26 is arranged on the second surface 212, the second dielectric layer 26 covers the feeder line 24, and an antenna joint 261 connected to the feeder line 24 is embedded in the second dielectric layer 26, so that the antenna unit 20 is integrated; the casing 10 comprises an upper casing 11 and a lower casing 12, a linear fixing groove 13 is arranged on the lower casing 12, a radio frequency plate 14 is arranged in the linear fixing groove 13, a radio frequency seat 15 matched with an antenna joint 261 is arranged on the radio frequency plate 14, a plurality of antenna units 20 are transversely arranged along the linear fixing groove 13 and are connected with the radio frequency seat 15 through the antenna joint 261, a plurality of radiation units 23 are arranged into a transversely arranged linear array through the limitation of the linear fixing groove 13, the upper casing 11 and the lower casing 12 are fixedly covered, and the upper casing 11 tightly supports and fixes the antenna units 20 on the lower casing 12; through setting each oscillator of array antenna to an antenna element 20, adopt the casing 10 that has radio frequency board 14, inject the position of antenna element 20 through casing 10, make a plurality of antenna elements 20 only fix a position and lay in casing 10 just can carry out array arrangement, the producer just can make the array antenna of different oscillator numbers according to actual demand when producing the preparation, it only lies in the difference on the casing 10 length, also can directly be the casing 10 of unifying the length, thereby can realize setting up the oscillator quantity difference and microwave array antenna overall structure unify the requirement, can reduce the complexity of production and manufacturing and production cost.
Taking a microwave array antenna applied to an ETC lane of a toll station as an example, the output radio frequency signal power is transmitted to the radiation unit 23 along the line through hole 213 through the feeder line 24 by connecting the radio transmitter arranged on the ETC lane of the toll station with the radio frequency board 14, and is radiated by the radiation unit 23 in an electromagnetic wave form; the invention adopts the reflective passivation layer 21 and the conductive constraint layer 22 to constrain the radiation direction of the radiation unit 23, and then arranges the plurality of antenna units 20 to form the linear array antenna, and the plurality of antenna units 20 are integrated on the shell 10 in a mode of convenient assembly, thereby achieving the purposes of uniform overall structure of the microwave array antenna due to different numbers of arranged vibrators, realizing high-gain narrow-beam coverage of the antenna, and more precisely controlling the coverage area of the antenna.
Referring to fig. 1, since the antenna units 20 are fixedly installed inside the housing 10 in a positioning and abutting manner, in order to achieve accurate positioning of the antenna units 20 in the assembly process, a plurality of positioning posts 16 are disposed in the linear fixing slots 13 corresponding to each antenna unit 20, so as to position the rf board 14 and the antenna units 20, positioning holes (not shown) matched with the positioning posts 16 are disposed in the rf board 14 and the second dielectric layer 26, the rf board 14 and the antenna units 20 are disposed on the linear fixing slots 13 through positioning hole positioning devices, and the adjacent two antenna units 20 are abutted to each other, so that the whole structural design is firm and compact.
Referring to fig. 1, two positioning strips 17 are disposed on the lower shell 12, a linear fixing slot 13 is formed between the corresponding two positioning strips 17 on the lower shell 12, the distance between the front and rear sides of the second dielectric layer 26 is smaller than the distance between the front and rear sides of the reflective passivation layer 21, so that a step portion 27 is formed between the front and rear sides of the second dielectric layer 26 and the front and rear sides of the reflective passivation layer 21, and the step portion 27 is positioned and erected on the positioning strips 17, wherein the front and rear sides of the second dielectric layer 26 are abutted between the two positioning strips 17, and the positioning mode of the step structure is utilized to make the positioning fit effect between the antenna unit 20 and the housing 10 better.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the radiation unit 23 includes a first transmission line 231 and a second transmission line 232, the first transmission line 231 and the second transmission line 232 are transversely arranged in a long strip shape, and opposite ends of the first transmission line 231 and the second transmission line 232 are connected with the feeder 24 through the via hole 213; one end of the first transmission line 231 and the second transmission line 232 opposite to the one end of the feeder line 24 to which the radiation unit 23 is connected has an overlapping portion 28 on a vertical projection plane, and the first transmission line 231 and the second transmission line 232 are connected to the feeder line 24 through the overlapping portion 28; the constraint window 221 is in an elliptical structure, and the long axis of the constraint window 221 is parallel to the length direction of the radiating unit 23, so that the constraint window 221 can excite low-frequency resonance at the low-frequency side, and the antenna frequency band is widened; a series or parallel trace is provided on the radio frequency board 14, and a plurality of feeder lines 24 are connected in series or parallel by the series or parallel trace; namely, a mode of series feeding or parallel feeding is realized, the problem of complicated design flow with narrower working bandwidth exists in the mode of series feeding, while the bandwidth of parallel feeding is wider, the occupied area is larger, the economic cost is higher, and the series feeding or the parallel feeding can be selected according to actual requirements.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (4)
1. The linear array antenna is characterized by comprising a shell and a plurality of antenna units which are detachably assembled on the shell, wherein each antenna unit comprises a reflection passivation layer, a conductive constraint layer, a radiation unit, a feeder line, a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, the upper end of the reflection passivation layer is provided with a first surface, the lower end of the reflection passivation layer is provided with a second surface, the radiation unit is of a strip-shaped structure, the radiation unit is transversely arranged on the first surface, the feeder line is arranged on the second surface, a wire passing hole penetrating through the first surface and the second surface is formed in the reflection passivation layer, and the feeder line is connected with the radiation unit through the wire passing hole; the conductive constraint layer is arranged on the reflection passivation layer, a constraint window is arranged on the conductive constraint layer and filled with the reflection passivation layer through a first dielectric layer, a projection surface of the constraint window, which is vertically downward, is covered on the radiation unit, a second dielectric layer is arranged on the second surface and is covered on the feeder, and an antenna joint connected with the feeder is embedded in the second dielectric layer;
the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, a linear fixing groove is formed in the lower shell, a radio frequency plate is arranged in the linear fixing groove, a radio frequency seat matched with an antenna joint is arranged on the radio frequency plate, a plurality of antenna units are transversely arranged along the linear fixing groove and are connected with the radio frequency seat through the antenna joint, a plurality of radiation units are arranged into a transversely placed linear array through the limitation of the linear fixing groove, the upper shell and the lower shell are fixedly covered, and the upper shell tightly supports and fixes the antenna units on the lower shell;
the radiation unit comprises a first transmission line and a second transmission line which are transversely arranged in a strip shape, and one ends of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, which are opposite, are connected with the feeder line through the wire through holes;
one end of the first transmission line, which is opposite to the second transmission line, is provided with an overlapping part on a vertical projection plane with one end of the feeder line connected with the radiating unit, and the first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected with the feeder line through the overlapping part;
the constraint window is of an oval structure, and the long axis of the constraint window is parallel to the length direction of the radiation unit.
2. The linear array antenna of claim 1, wherein a plurality of positioning posts are disposed in the linear fixing groove at positions corresponding to each antenna unit, positioning holes matched with the positioning posts are disposed on the radio frequency plate and the second dielectric layer, the radio frequency plate and the antenna units are disposed on the linear fixing groove through positioning hole positioning devices, and two adjacent antenna units are in butt fit.
3. The linear array antenna of claim 2, wherein two positioning strips are disposed on the lower housing, a linear fixing groove is formed between the two corresponding positioning strips on the lower housing, the distance between the front and rear sides of the second dielectric layer is smaller than the distance between the front and rear sides of the reflective passivation layer, so that a step part is formed between the front and rear sides of the second dielectric layer and the front and rear sides of the reflective passivation layer, wherein the front and rear sides of the second dielectric layer are propped against the two positioning strips.
4. A linear array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that a series or parallel trace is provided on the radio frequency board, through which a plurality of feed lines are connected in series or parallel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211616823.8A CN115799824B (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Linear array antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211616823.8A CN115799824B (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Linear array antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115799824A CN115799824A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
| CN115799824B true CN115799824B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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| CN202211616823.8A Active CN115799824B (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Linear array antenna |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110137672A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-08-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of beam scanning antennas array for integrating side and penetrating with end-fire |
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| US7623073B2 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2009-11-24 | Anritsu Corporation | Linearly polarized antenna and radar apparatus using the same |
| WO2011118462A1 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-29 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Antenna and integrated antenna |
| CN104377455B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2017-08-29 | 启碁科技股份有限公司 | Antenna structure |
| CN206584268U (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-10-24 | 合肥联宝信息技术有限公司 | Antenna windows and notebook computer |
| CN107946752B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-12-31 | 云南大学 | Substrate integrated gap waveguide electromagnetic dipole antenna |
| CN111512495A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2020-08-07 | 索尼公司 | Cavity supported patch antenna |
| JP6975088B2 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-12-01 | アンリツ株式会社 | Wireless terminal measuring device and wireless terminal measuring method |
| US11011827B2 (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2021-05-18 | Intel IP Corporation | Antenna boards and communication devices |
| US11223116B2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-01-11 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Glass ceramic antenna package |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110137672A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-08-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of beam scanning antennas array for integrating side and penetrating with end-fire |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| "基于晶圆级封装的W波段微同轴天线小型化设计与实现";刘博源 等;《电子学报》;全文 * |
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