CN115798137A - Three-dimensional visual big data monitoring and early warning system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Three-dimensional visual big data monitoring and early warning system based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional visual big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things, which comprises: the system bottom layer architecture unit and intelligent early warning management and control unit, the bottom layer architecture module includes: the system comprises a user layer module, a client layer module, a service layer module and a data layer module; the client layer module is constructed based on the three-dimensional scene model and provides a front end view and an interface of the intelligent early warning control unit and the display of the three-dimensional scene electronic map for a user; the service layer module comprises a server, a data receiving and analyzing module and a database; the intelligent early warning management and control unit comprises a scene switching module, a project overview module, a progress information module, an early warning pushing module, a three-dimensional scene module and a data acquisition module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of big data processing, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional visualized big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things.
Background
With the increasing national economy and infrastructure capacity, infrastructure construction is developed in a large scale, wherein ground infrastructure construction, underground tunnel mining, excavation and other projects are taken as the construction of main infrastructures, and the obvious growth trend is shown. In the traditional construction process, decisions are made on site in time only by relying on advance geological forecast, monitoring data and other information of a two-dimensional plane and combining with geological description in the actual excavation process, so that the construction method is quickly changed or the supporting structure is researched by owners, design and other units to adapt to the change of geological conditions.
The conventional management mode causes the following problems: the traditional construction processes of ground infrastructure construction, underground tunnel mining, excavation and the like are difficult to trace back and trace, the information transmission efficiency is low and volatile, massive heterogeneous production data such as geological data and the like generated in engineering still need to be counted, recorded, analyzed, fed back and tracked manually, and cannot be presented in an intuitive three-dimensional mode, so that the problems of potential safety hazard increase, large-amplitude increase of workload and cost expense and the like are caused. In view of this, how to fully excavate massive heterogeneous data in the production process, realize effective integration and linkage, and can demonstrate through three-dimensional visual mode is the scaling problem that the present construction management mode is urgently required to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a three-dimensional visualized big data monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things, which comprises: the system bottom layer architecture unit and intelligent early warning management and control unit, the bottom layer architecture module includes: the system comprises a user layer module, a client layer module, a service layer module and a data layer module; the client layer module is constructed based on a three-dimensional scene model and provides a front end view and an interface of the intelligent early warning control unit and the display of a three-dimensional scene electronic map for a user;
the service layer module comprises a server, a data receiving and analyzing module and a database;
the intelligent early warning management and control unit comprises a scene switching module, a project overview module, a progress information module, an early warning pushing module, a three-dimensional scene module and a data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data of the field acquisition equipment in real time, and displaying early warning on the three-dimensional scene electronic map and/or sending the early warning to the early warning push module in real time;
the field acquisition equipment is connected with the data acquisition module through the IOT communication interface equipment and the data transmission module; the field acquisition device includes: a ventilation monitoring module, a video monitoring module, a personnel and equipment positioning module,
The early warning pushing module is used for generating and pushing early warning information according to the data of the field equipment.
In particular, the three-dimensional scene model includes a three-dimensional structure model, a three-dimensional geological model, a geographic information model, and a oblique photography model.
Particularly, the ventilation monitoring module comprises a wind speed detector which is arranged on the working face of a construction site, and is used for acquiring the wind speed and the flow of the site in real time and giving an early warning;
the video monitoring module comprises a camera and a video recorder, is arranged in a key construction area or a dangerous area on site and is used for acquiring a real-time monitoring picture;
the personnel and equipment positioning module comprises a positioning label worn by personnel and a positioning label installed on equipment, and is used for detecting the positioning and the track of the personnel and the equipment in real time.
In particular, when the construction site is located in a tunnel, the site collection apparatus further comprises: the system comprises a toxic and harmful gas monitoring module, an overload early warning module, a safety step distance module, a monitoring and measuring module and an advanced geological forecasting module.
Particularly, the poisonous and harmful gas monitoring module comprises a sensor for detecting the concentration of poisonous and harmful gas and a digital display alarm box; the digital display alarm box displays sensor data in real time and is provided with an audible and visual alarm;
the overload warning module comprises: detecting the number of people entering the area and the specific positions of the people according to the electronic fence area of the dangerous area, which is set by the user layer module;
the safety step pitch module is used for monitoring the safety distance between the construction processes, detecting the positions of the associated construction processes and the mechanical equipment and associating the construction processes and the mechanical equipment;
the monitoring and measuring module comprises a total station and a level gauge, and is used for monitoring and early warning the settlement and horizontal convergence of the inner arch crown of the tunnel;
the advanced geological forecasting module is used for describing geological information of a tunnel face in the tunnel and detecting unfavorable geological information in front of the tunnel face in the actual tunnel construction process.
Particularly, the data acquisition module acquires data of the field acquisition equipment in real time and generates two-stage early warning according to a threshold interval.
Particularly, the scene switching module is used for switching among different work points according to work point division of a project, so that visual monitoring and early warning are realized.
Has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, a three-dimensional engineering structure model, an engineering geological model, a peripheral geographic information model and the like are constructed by using a BIM + GIS technology, production data of equipment such as a positioning device, a harmful gas monitoring device, a ventilation monitoring device, a camera and the like are integrated by using an Internet of things technology, safety management action information in the tunnel construction process is stored and integrated, and data is called and processed by using a database.
(2) The system provided by the invention has the functions fully based on the project one-line actual demand, supports visual, dynamic and interactive management, realizes online and offline combination and linkage, increases the practicability and rationality of the early warning system, particularly, sets a personnel and equipment positioning module, a face overmaning early warning module, a toxic and harmful gas monitoring module, a ventilation monitoring module, a video monitoring module and the like in consideration of the complex environment of each work point on site and some uncontrollable factors in actual production, and executes an early warning push mechanism to guide construction.
(3) The system of the invention is provided with red and yellow two-stage early warning thresholds and mechanisms, which can display the situations appearing in the engineering according to the degree of the critical degree, thus realizing the intelligent management and control of the tunnel safety early warning.
(4) The original data sources of the system are all from corresponding management actions in the site construction process, the hardware equipment installed on the site is counted and analyzed, whether a transmission protocol, a data type and an output interface are matched with a bottom platform or not is judged, automatic sensing, acquisition, transmission and analysis are achieved, traditional manual filling and manual recording are abandoned, and dynamic management and control of data streams are achieved.
(5) The system displays in a three-dimensional visual map mode, and can be switched and presented in an interactive mode according to different scenes, so that the engineering dynamic management and control are efficiently and completely performed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and in this example, a three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things is described by taking a project in a tunnel as an example.
The invention provides a three-dimensional visual big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things, as shown in figure 1, the system comprises: the system bottom layer architecture unit and intelligent early warning management and control unit, the bottom layer architecture module includes: the system comprises a user layer module, a client layer module, a service layer module and a data layer module; the client layer module is constructed based on a three-dimensional scene model and provides a front end view and an interface of the intelligent early warning control unit and the display of a three-dimensional scene electronic map for a user;
the user layer module presets an organization structure tree matching project and personnel relationship according to the system facing the crowd, and is used for analyzing and deciding the management activities such as safety, quality, progress, materials, technology and the like for each business manager of a group, a company and a project department; the client layer is mainly used for processing HTTP requests, converting JSON parameters into objects and carrying out identity verification on the requests so as to transmit the requests to all service modules of the client layer; the service layer comprises a server, a data receiving and analyzing module and a database.
The client layer module is used for presenting system contents for a user through a front-end language and a UI interface, and specifically, a functional module of a UI interface architecture is shown in fig. 2 and includes:
and the user login module is mainly used for user login and self-selecting project login according to the preset organization structure tree matching organization relationship.
The home page module comprises work point selection, project overview, progress information, early warning push and a three-dimensional scene;
selecting a work point for scene switching and displaying area information, wherein the work point comprises adding, editing and deleting the work point of the x tunnel;
the engineering overview is used for presenting a project overview and a line trend;
the progress information is used for presenting the actual progress and the total progress of project excavation, primary support and secondary lining section;
the early warning pushing is used for setting an early warning threshold value for project management activities, and once a certain monitoring index exceeds the threshold value, a system background automatically records early warning data, including accumulative early warning, current early warning and information pushing; the accumulation and the current early warning are display early warning items, early warning information, early warning time and operation (processing and non-processing); information pushing, namely pushing the early warning information to related personnel in the form of a Web end and a WeChat applet according to the responsibility and management action of the project management post;
face overload early warning module: setting a region, setting conditions and carrying out early warning management;
poisonous and harmful gas monitoring module: gas type, work point list, gas monitoring, query analysis and early warning management;
a ventilation monitoring module: the method comprises the steps of work point list, wind speed monitoring, query analysis and early warning management;
the video monitoring module: a work point list and a real-time picture;
a safety step module: real-time step information, query analysis and early warning management;
an advanced geological forecast module: geological sketch, design unfavorable geological information, actual unfavorable geological information and three-dimensional early warning;
the monitoring and measuring module: vault settlement, horizontal convergence, query analysis and early warning management.
The three-dimensional scene is used for presenting an engineering three-dimensional structure model, a three-dimensional geological model, a geographic information model and an oblique photography model, and the model fuses project information including project labels, measurement information and expansion operation; adding tunnel name, mileage, working procedure, construction direction, design unfavorable geology forecast, progress, personnel and equipment information into the model by using the project label; the measurement information comprises item longitude, latitude, altitude, direction, system pitch angle and system apparent height; the expanding operation comprises visual angle dragging, frame contraction, home page shortcut keys, scene visual angle restoration, immersive mode on/off, surrounding mode on/off, underground mode on/off, depth detection on/off and quick positioning on/off.
The service layer module comprises a server, a data receiving and analyzing module and a database;
the intelligent early warning management and control unit comprises a scene switching module, a project overview module, a progress information module, an early warning pushing module, a three-dimensional scene module and a data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data of the field acquisition equipment in real time, displaying early warning on the three-dimensional scene electronic map according to the acquired data in real time and/or sending the early warning to the early warning pushing module;
and the early warning pushing module is used for generating and pushing early warning information according to the data of the field equipment.
The field acquisition equipment is connected with the data acquisition module through the IOT communication interface equipment and the data transmission module; the field acquisition device includes: the system comprises a ventilation monitoring module, a video monitoring module and a personnel and equipment positioning module. When the job site is located in the tunnel, on-spot collection equipment still includes: the system comprises a toxic and harmful gas monitoring module, an overload early warning module, a safety step distance module, a monitoring and measuring module and an advanced geological forecasting module.
The system comprises a personnel and equipment positioning module, a track playback module, a monitoring module and a monitoring module, wherein the personnel and equipment positioning module is mainly used for positioning and monitoring personnel and equipment entering a tunnel in real time and playing back a track; people and equipment entering the tunnel wear positioning devices (labels), a card reader, a positioning base station and a relay network bridge are deployed in the tunnel, positioning data are introduced to the outside of the tunnel by the base station in a wireless transmission mode, and positioning dynamics can be visually checked through a digital map;
the personnel positioning is realized by connecting an external positioning interface through IOT communication interface equipment, processing data and then sending the processed data to a unified positioning data processing interface; the location information transmitted by the data of the positioning equipment is a value of a distance tunnel entrance, a tunnel is longitudinally divided according to a distance of 10m, calculation is carried out to convert the distance into a tunnel entrance distance for calculation, the positioning distance falls in a certain range of 10m according to the calculation of a difference value, the longitude and latitude of a positioning point are determined according to the average value of the longitude and latitude of two points, the calculated positioning data is pushed to a front-end page through a websocket to be marked on a map, and a front-end user interaction interface automatically adds a label style according to the use requirement; the specific algorithm can be shown by the following code:
v/subscript to midpoint
Integer i = distance D%10;
// what the distance from the excess is
double many＝D–10*(i+1)；
// what the proportion of occupancy of the head that is more
double scale＝many/10；
// coordinate value
double x＝(points.get(i+1).x-points.get(i).x)*scale+points.get(i).x；
double y＝((points.get(i+1).y-points.get(i).y)*scale+points.get(i).y；
double height＝((points.get(i+1).h-points.get(i).h)/2+points.get(i).h
The overload early warning module is mainly used for electronic fence warning of dangerous areas/non-dangerous areas in a tunnel, setting area conditions in a background and performing corresponding early warning management; the field hardware can be used with the personnel equipment positioning device;
setting the requirements to be a step method construction section, wherein the number of face operators is not more than 9, and 13-15 face operators are limited in the full-section construction section and are visually reflected on a digital map through a positioning device;
and (3) an operation process: adding mark values of a starting point and an end point of the tunnel face and the limited number of people, converting the mark values into the distance from the entrance to the database, storing the distance into the database, counting whether people in the range of the opened electronic fence exceed the limited number of people or not through a task after the virtual electronic fence is opened, and pushing the result to the front end for display through a websocket after the limited number of people is exceeded.
The poisonous and harmful gas monitoring module is mainly used for monitoring the content of gas (carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen) in the tunnel in real time, displaying monitoring data in real time by lists and line graphs, and performing corresponding early warning management; the method comprises the following steps of installing an explosion-proof oxygen sensor, an explosion-proof methane sensor (containing mixed combustible materials), an explosion-proof sulfur dioxide sensor, an explosion-proof carbon monoxide sensor and a digital display alarm box (with an audible and visual alarm, capable of displaying data of each sensor in real time and providing an HTTP/TCP interface based on a JSON data format) on site;
and (3) operation process: data in an external data interface or a database are butted through IOT communication interface equipment, the data are sent to a unified poisonous and harmful gas data processing interface after being processed, whether the data are early-warned or not is judged by maintaining the early warning range of poisonous and harmful gas, a mark is marked on the early-warned data, and early warning record marks displayed by front-end data are distinguished in different colors.
The ventilation monitoring module is mainly used for monitoring the wind speed and the flow in the tunnel in real time, displaying monitoring data in real time by using a list and a line graph, and performing corresponding early warning management; installing a wind speed detector on site, wherein the specific position is based on the current working surface;
and (3) an operation process: data in an external data interface or a database are connected through IOT communication interface equipment in a butt joint mode, the data are processed and then sent to a unified ventilation data processing interface, whether the data are early-warned or not is judged by maintaining the early warning range of ventilation, a mark is marked on the early-warned data, and the early warning record marks displayed on the front end data are distinguished in different colors.
The video monitoring module is mainly used for monitoring real-time images of key construction areas or dangerous areas in a tunnel, a real-time video stream image is used as display content, a camera and a video recorder are installed on site, and the specific position is based on the fact that key attention areas or dangerous areas are set up by a project;
and (3) an operation process: the method comprises the steps of installing cameras on site according to different regional positions, displaying different names at the front end, providing live broadcast geology of video streams so as to play videos in a browser, if addresses for direct preview of the browser cannot be provided, using an ffmepg tool to pull RTSP streams of the cameras and convert the RTSP streams into an HLS format, pushing the RTSP streams into a streaming media server, and enabling the browser to access the streaming media server to play the videos.
The safety step module is mainly used for monitoring the safety distance between construction processes, the relation between the construction processes and mechanical equipment is related, the current mileage position is obtained by the working procedure of a three-arm rock drilling trolley, the working procedure of a second lining, the working procedure of a lining trolley and the working procedure of an inverted arch through the positioning of inverted arch trestle equipment, and the method is similar to the positioning of the equipment;
according to early warning pushing management, a red and yellow early warning mechanism is executed, and different conditions are set according to different surrounding rock grades;
III-level surrounding rock yellow early warning: a palm surface-an inverted arch of 80m, a palm surface-a second lining of 110m;
red early warning of III-grade surrounding rock: a palm surface-inverted arch 100m, a palm surface-secondary lining 130m;
IV-level surrounding rock yellow early warning: the palm surface is 35m of an inverted arch, and the palm surface is 90m of a second lining;
IV-level surrounding rock red early warning: a palm surface-an inverted arch of 44m, a palm surface-a second lining of 100m;
and V-level surrounding rock yellow early warning: a palm surface-an inverted arch 29m, and a palm surface-a second lining 60m;
and (3) red early warning of V-level surrounding rock: a palm surface-an inverted arch of 40m, and a palm surface-a second lining of 80m;
a certain segment of the running algorithm is as follows:
// palm face-two lining
distance＝Math.abs(CommonUtil.format2D(zzm-erc))；
if(zhangzmWkt.length()>ercWkt.length()){
wkt＝ercPoint+zhangzmWkt.replace(ercWkt,"")+","+zhangzmPoint；
wkt＝zhangzmPoint+ercWkt.replace(zhangzmWkt,"")+","+ercPoint；
if(yg.compareTo(0D)＝＝0){
V/palm face-inverted arch
distance＝Math.abs(CommonUtil.format2D(zzm-yg))；
if(zhangzmWkt.length()>ygWkt.length()){
wkt＝ygPoint+zhangzmWkt.replace(ygWkt,"")+","+zhangzmPoint；
wkt＝zhangzmPoint+ygWkt.replace(zhangzmWkt,"")+","+ygPoint；
The advanced geological forecast module is mainly used for detecting and early warning management of tunnel unfavorable geological information, and comprises geological sketch, designed unfavorable geological information, actual unfavorable geological information and three-dimensional early warning; specifically, the device is detected to refer to project design unfavorable geological information, and early warning management is carried out on the result;
and (3) operation process: the data are stored in a database, the position information is converted into a distance value entering a tunnel entrance, early warning information is generated when the position distance of the tunnel face is a certain distance from the geological forecast data, and the data are pushed to the front end to be displayed through a websocket after the early warning is generated.
The monitoring and measuring module is mainly used for monitoring settlement and horizontal convergence of the arch crown in the tunnel and carrying out early warning management, measuring instruments such as a total station instrument and a level instrument are mainly adopted on site, and other equipment can be seized according to actual conditions of projects;
and (3) operation process: uploading monitoring measurement data through a background maintenance page, reading the data in the Excel, then carrying out related formula processing, judging whether each piece of data exceeds a threshold value according to an early warning value, marking the data exceeding the threshold value, and converting a position mark in each piece of data into a longitude and latitude mark in a digital map;
single deformation = cumulative convergence-versus last convergence;
rate of deformation = single deformation/time interval;
in summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the embodiments of the present invention are capable of being embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the embodiments being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned. Furthermore, it will be obvious that the term "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Several units, modules or means recited in the system, device or terminal claims may also be implemented by one and the same unit, module or means in software or hardware. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things comprises: the system bottom layer framework unit and the intelligent early warning management and control unit, the bottom layer framework module includes: the system comprises a user layer module, a client layer module, a service layer module and a data layer module; the client layer module is constructed based on the three-dimensional scene model and provides a front end view and an interface of the intelligent early warning control unit and the display of the three-dimensional scene electronic map for a user;
the service layer module comprises a server, a data receiving and analyzing module and a database;
the intelligent early warning management and control unit comprises a scene switching module, a project overview module, a progress information module, an early warning pushing module, a three-dimensional scene module and a data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data of the field acquisition equipment in real time, displaying early warning on the three-dimensional scene electronic map according to the acquired data in real time and/or sending the early warning to the early warning pushing module;
the field acquisition equipment is connected with the data acquisition module through the IOT communication interface equipment and the data transmission module; the field acquisition device includes: a ventilation monitoring module, a video monitoring module, a personnel and equipment positioning module,
The early warning pushing module is used for generating and pushing early warning information according to the data of the field equipment.
2. The three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things of claim 1,
the three-dimensional scene model comprises a three-dimensional structure model, a three-dimensional geological model, a geographic information model and a tilted photography model.
3. The three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the ventilation monitoring module comprises a wind speed detector which is arranged on the working face of a construction site, and is used for obtaining the wind speed flow of the site in real time and early warning;
the video monitoring module comprises a camera and a video recorder, is arranged in a key construction area or a dangerous area of a site and is used for collecting a real-time monitoring picture;
the personnel and equipment positioning module comprises a positioning label worn by personnel and a positioning label installed on equipment, and is used for detecting the positioning and the track of the personnel and the equipment in real time.
4. The three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the construction site is located in a tunnel, the site acquisition equipment further comprises: the system comprises a toxic and harmful gas monitoring module, an overload early warning module, a safety step distance module, a monitoring and measuring module and an advanced geological forecasting module.
5. The three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of things of claim 4,
the poisonous and harmful gas monitoring module comprises a sensor for detecting the concentration of poisonous and harmful gas and a digital display alarm box; the digital display alarm box displays sensor data in real time and is provided with an audible and visual alarm;
the overload warning module comprises: detecting the number of people entering the area and the specific positions of the people according to the electronic fence area of the dangerous area, which is set by the user layer module;
the safety step pitch module is used for monitoring the safety distance between the construction processes, detecting the positions of the associated construction processes and the mechanical equipment and associating the construction processes and the mechanical equipment;
the monitoring and measuring module comprises a total station and a level gauge and is used for monitoring and early warning settlement and horizontal convergence of the inner arch top of the tunnel;
the advanced geological forecasting module is used for describing geological information of a tunnel face in the tunnel and detecting unfavorable geological information in front of the tunnel face in the actual tunnel construction process.
6. The three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module acquires data of the field acquisition device in real time and generates two-stage early warning according to a threshold interval.
7. The three-dimensional visualization big data monitoring and early warning system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scene switching module is used for switching between different work points according to work point division of a project to realize visualization monitoring and early warning.
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