CN115794644B - Real-time hybrid test method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading - Google Patents
Real-time hybrid test method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a real-time hybrid test method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading. According to the invention, a plurality of calculated initial moment loading targets are sequentially loaded through a test loading system until test substructures are loaded, test data measured after loading is fed back to a numerical simulation system to be calculated to obtain real-time loading targets and/or updated numerical test substructures, accuracy comparison is carried out to obtain cut-off loading targets, the real-time loading targets and/or the cut-off loading targets are sent to the test loading system, the test targets are sequentially loaded, and the test targets are reset until the accuracy judgment process of the test targets is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a real-time hybrid test method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading.
Background
The hybrid test is to accurately simulate a test piece of a numerical simulation part which is easy to be simply and accurately simulated by a numerical method and a test piece of a non-numerical part which is not easy to be simply and accurately simulated by the numerical method by an experimental method, so that the test cost can be saved, the efficiency can be improved, the vibration or the dynamic performance of a structure can be accurately simulated, and on the basis, the dynamic analysis or the performance evaluation of a research object is completed by synchronously and synchronously coupling a numerical substructure and a test substructure in real time by adopting the same time step for the structure with dynamic characteristics to be researched. However, in order to ensure accuracy, the numerical substructure often needs finer calculation, which is easy to generate time lag, so that the problem of time lag can be solved perfectly by adopting a restarting mode, and the accuracy of the experiment can be guaranteed undoubtedly when the restarting is carried out from the first step of the experiment, but when the total loading time is long, the loading objective of the initial stage has very little influence on the loading of the current stage when the loading is carried out to the middle and late stage, so that the unnecessary experiment cost and the waste of manpower and material resources can be increased when the loading is carried out from the first step of the experiment each time. Meanwhile, when the substructures to be tested are the same but the stress conditions are different, the test cost is greatly improved by adopting a plurality of test substructures to be loaded simultaneously, the laboratory loading conditions are difficult to meet the requirements and the like, and a series of conditions which are unfavorable for the test are particularly, for a complex structure, a nonlinear part is usually taken as a test substructures for carrying out a real physical loading test in a traditional mixed test, and the rest linear parts are taken as numerical substructures for carrying out modeling analysis. When there are multiple non-linear components in a structure, there are generally two test methods, respectively:
Firstly, a plurality of test pieces are required to be subjected to test loading in real time synchronously in a conventional real-time mixed test, and because time lags existing in each test loading system are different, the problem of asynchronous loading in the loading process is unavoidable, and finally test failure can be caused.
And secondly, a model updating hybrid test is carried out, wherein one nonlinear component is taken as a test substructure, and the rest is taken as a numerical substructure. The difference is that the numerical nonlinear part and the test substructure have similar restoring force characteristics, the same constitutive model description can be adopted, the constitutive model is updated on line by using real-time loading feedback data of the test substructure, and many scholars conduct many researches in a model updating method, however, due to inaccuracy of the constitutive model, the test is still in the defect of data in the test process, so that the follow-up accurate calculation cannot be facilitated.
In short, the problems of the current hybrid test are mainly reflected in that the numerical simulation of the simplified model can hardly guarantee the test precision; while dividing more test subdomains in the whole research object for test, and reflecting the dynamic response of the structure more accurately, the corresponding test cost, workload and laboratory test environment requirements are high, and higher requirements are put forward; the numerical model of the overall structure and the numerical model of the physical substructure are built based on the model updating hybrid test, and although the parameters of the overall structure are corrected on line according to the test data continuously, the problem of asynchronous time lag is still difficult to avoid, and a large error is unavoidable in the numerical simulation result.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, a real-time hybrid test method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading is provided to solve the problems.
A real-time hybrid test method based on single test piece restarting multi-task loading is characterized in that a plurality of calculated initial moment loading targets are sequentially loaded through a test loading system through one test piece until test substructures are loaded, test data measured after loading is fed back to a numerical simulation system to be calculated to obtain real-time loading targets and/or updated numerical test substructures, after accuracy comparison is carried out to obtain cut-off loading targets, the real-time loading targets and/or the cut-off loading targets are sent to the test loading system, the test pieces are sequentially loaded, and the test objects are reset until the accuracy judgment process of the test objects is completed.
As a preferable scheme: the process of sequentially loading the calculated multiple initial time loading targets through the test loading system until the test substructures are loaded is that the multiple test substructures of the single initial time loading target are loaded by the same loading device according to the respective loading targets, so that the process of multitasking loading is realized.
As a preferable scheme: and feeding back the test data measured after the loading is completed to a numerical simulation system to calculate that the process of obtaining the real-time loading target is that after each step of loading of the loading target is completed at a single initial moment, the accuracy of the implementation of the current step of loading target is verified through the previous step of loading target of each test substructure, when the accuracy of the implementation of the test substructure of the current step of loading target does not meet the test requirement, the test substructure of the current step of loading target which does not meet the test requirement is reloaded, the test loading system and the test object are reset after the loading, and so on until all the test substructures meet the accuracy requirement.
As a preferable scheme: and after the single initial moment loading target finishes one-step loading, comparing the simulation result of the test substructure numerical model learned by the long-short-term memory network with the test result of the test substructure of the current step loading target, continuously intercepting the loading target until the test result of the test substructure of the current step loading target does not influence the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment and outputting the intercepting loading target when the test result of the test substructure of the current step loading target does not reach the precision requirement, and continuously updating the model by using new test data and then re-performing the precision comparison process.
As a preferable scheme: the implementation process of the cut-off loading target comprises the steps of firstly establishing a long-period memory network system structure with m long-period memory network layers and a plurality of full-connection layers, then establishing a numerical model of a test substructure through finite elements, inputting different excitation actions to obtain corresponding reaction responses, taking the different excitation actions as input, taking the reaction responses in the different excitation actions as output, and establishing a training data set to train the long-period memory network system structure.
As a preferable scheme: the real-time mixing test method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, at an initial moment, establishing a numerical model of a numerical substructure of a prototype structure and a numerical model of a test substructure, and obtaining a loading target at the initial moment through a numerical simulation system;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, loading the test sub-structure according to the loading target of the first test sub-structure by the test loading system, resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, loading the test sub-structure according to the loading target of the second test sub-structure, resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test sub-structures are loaded, and resetting the test loading system and the test object;
Step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, simulation results of the numerical model of the test substructure are compared with the test results, and the numerical model of the test substructure is updated;
step five, when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of the loading target through the previous step of the loading target of each test substructure, reloading the current step of the test substructure which is not met if the current step of the loading target is not met, resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the requirements on accuracy are met;
Repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
As a preferable scheme: the real-time hybrid test method is a real-time hybrid test based on a high-rise vibration reduction structure loaded by restarting a multitask as a prototype structure, and comprises the following steps of:
step one, establishing a finite element model of a seven-layer frame structure, and calculating to obtain loading targets of 6 shock isolation supports under external load and initial conditions by the finite element model under the assumption that the counter force of a test substructure at the initial moment is 0;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, the test loading system loads the shock insulation support according to the loading target of the first test substructure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the support according to the loading target of the second test substructure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test substructure is loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, simulation results of the numerical model of the test substructure are compared with the test results, and the numerical model of the test substructure is updated;
Step five, when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of the loading target through the previous step of the loading target of each test substructure, reloading the current step of the test substructure which is not met if the current step of the loading target is not met, resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the requirements on accuracy are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
As a preferable scheme: the real-time hybrid test method is based on the real-time hybrid test of viscous damper-bridge coupling based on restarting multitasking loading, and comprises the following specific steps:
Step one, establishing a finite element model of a bridge, setting an initial position of a viscous damper on the bridge, and calculating to obtain initial states such as deflection of the bridge at an initial moment by calculation, wherein the finite element model calculates to obtain loading targets of all the viscous dampers under external load and initial conditions;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, the test loading system loads the test sub-structure according to the loading target of the first test sub-structure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the test sub-structure according to the loading target of the second test sub-structure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test sub-structures are loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, simulation results of the numerical model of the test substructure are compared with the test results, and the numerical model of the test substructure is updated;
step five, when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
Step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of the loading target through the previous step of the loading target of each test substructure, reloading the current step of the test substructure which is not met if the current step of the loading target is not met, resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the requirements on accuracy are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, a plurality of calculated initial moment loading targets are sequentially loaded through a test loading system until test substructures are loaded, test data measured after loading is fed back to a numerical simulation system to be calculated to obtain a real-time loading target and/or a truncated loading target after accuracy comparison is carried out on a numerical test substructure model, the real-time loading target and/or the truncated loading target are sent to the test loading system to be sequentially loaded, a test object is reset until the process of judging the accuracy of the test object is completed.
2. The invention provides a real-time hybrid test method based on restarting multitask loading, which adopts a mode of matching a single test piece with restarting loading modes to replace loading of a plurality of test substructures, reduces test cost and relieves pressure of laboratory equipment, and directly solves the problem that asynchronism is difficult to avoid when the test loading is carried out on the plurality of test pieces at the same time.
3. According to the invention, unnecessary loading is reduced by establishing a numerical model of the test substructure and simulating the test process and by cutting off the loading target, so that unnecessary test cost and time of the test are reduced, specifically, the loading target of the front part is cut off by a part by cutting off the loading target and by a model checking method, and the time cost of the whole test is greatly reduced.
4. The numerical simulation system is realized by adopting a finite element numerical simulation system, and errors caused by numerical substructure simplified model calculation are reduced.
5. According to the invention, a restarting loading mode is adopted, so that time lag differences caused by simultaneous and synchronous execution of a numerical substructure and a test substructure under finite element calculation are directly eliminated, the conventional processing mode that the numerical substructure and the test substructure are required to be completed within a specified time step in a mixed test is broken, the numerical substructure is greatly limited, the numerical substructure is required to be sufficiently simplified due to shorter calculation time, and the influence on test precision is large.
6. The invention is applicable to the fields of civil engineering, traffic, bridges, aerospace, machinery and other related fields.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the LSTM architecture of m LSTM (long short term memory network) layers and multiple fully connected layers in a truncated load target;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in the LSTM architecture when the loading target is truncated;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention when used in a high-rise vibration damping structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention when used in a viscous damper-bridge coupling model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a viscous damper-high-rise frame model;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the curve formed by the mixing test data of the present invention with the curve formed by the standard theoretical values.
1-prototype structure; 2-numerical substructures; 3-test substructure; 4-an actuator; 5-a shock insulation support; 6-force sensor.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 7, the method for real-time hybrid testing in this embodiment is described in which a test piece is used to sequentially load a plurality of calculated initial time loading targets until the test sub-structure 3 is loaded by a test loading system, test data measured after the loading is completed is fed back to a numerical simulation system to calculate a real-time loading target, the real-time loading targets are sent to the test loading system, the test piece is sequentially loaded, and the test object is reset until the process of judging the precision of the test object is completed.
The process of sequentially loading the calculated multiple initial time loading targets through the test loading system until the test substructures 3 are loaded is that the multiple test substructures 3 of the single initial time loading target are loaded by the same loading device according to the respective loading targets, so that the process of multi-task loading is realized.
And feeding back the test data measured after the loading is finished to a numerical simulation system to calculate that the process of obtaining the real-time loading target is that after each step of loading of the loading target is finished at a single initial moment, the accuracy of the implementation of the current step of loading target is verified through the previous step of loading target of each test substructure 3, when the accuracy of the implementation of the test substructure 3 of the current step of loading target does not meet the test requirement, the test substructure 3 of the current step of loading target which does not meet the test requirement is reloaded, the test loading system and the test object are reset after the loading, and so on until all the test substructures 3 meet the accuracy requirement.
The specific means adopted by the invention for ensuring the test precision is to judge the precision of two data curves of a current step loading target and a previous step loading target, ensure that the coincidence ratio of the two curves can reach more than 98 percent and then carry out the next step of work. Since the loading command of the current step and the loading command of the previous step are basically the same as the rest of the last step, the reason for causing errors in the loading process of the two steps is mainly that the loading time lag of the actuator is not fixed, so that two basically identical commands are deviated in the loading process. For this problem, time-lag compensation may be added, and the time-lag compensation methods employed include, but are not limited to: polynomial extrapolation, adaptive compensation, etc., thereby ensuring that the accuracy of the two loading targets can meet the above requirements.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 7, in the real-time hybrid test method in this embodiment, a plurality of calculated initial time loading targets are sequentially loaded by a test loading system through one test piece until the test sub-structure 3 is loaded, test data measured after the loading is completed is fed back to a numerical simulation system to calculate and update a model of the numerical test sub-structure 3 to perform accuracy comparison, a cut-off loading target is obtained, and then the cut-off loading target is sent to the test loading system to sequentially load the test piece and reset the test object until the process of judging the accuracy of the test object is completed.
The process of loading the calculated single initial time loading target for multiple times through the test loading system until the test substructures 3 are loaded is that a plurality of test substructures 3 of the single initial time loading target are loaded by the same loading device according to the respective loading targets in sequence, so that the process of multitasking loading is realized.
The process of obtaining the cut-off loading target after updating the numerical model of the test substructure 3 for precision comparison is that after each step of loading of the single initial moment loading target is completed, the simulation result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 learned by the long-short-term memory network is compared with the test result of the test substructure 3 of the current step loading target, when the test result of the test substructure 3 of the current step loading target meets the precision requirement, the cut-off loading target is continuously stopped until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and the cut-off loading target is output, and when the test result of the test substructure 3 of the current step loading target does not meet the precision requirement, the model is continuously updated by new test data and then the precision comparison process is carried out again.
Further, the implementation process of the cut-off loading target is that firstly, a long-period memory network system structure with m long-period memory network layers and a plurality of full-connection layers is established, then, a numerical model of a test substructure 3 is established through finite elements, different excitation actions are input to obtain corresponding reaction responses, different excitation actions are taken as input, the reaction responses in different excitation actions are taken as output, and a training data set is established to train the long-period memory network system structure.
And a third specific embodiment: referring to fig. 1 to 5, in this embodiment, the method for real-time hybrid testing is to sequentially load a plurality of calculated initial time loading targets through a test piece by using a test loading system until the test sub-structure 3 is loaded, and adopt two parallel processing modes, in which one mode is to feed test data measured after the loading is completed back to a numerical simulation system to calculate the real-time loading targets, and in another mode, the test data measured after the loading is fed back to the numerical simulation system to obtain cut-off loading targets after the accuracy comparison is performed by using an updated numerical test sub-structure 3 model, the two modes respectively obtain the real-time loading targets and the cut-off loading targets, send the real-time loading targets and the cut-off loading targets to the test loading system, sequentially load the test piece, and reset the test object until the accuracy judgment process of the test object is completed.
Furthermore, the process of loading the calculated single initial time loading target for multiple times through the test loading system until the test substructures 3 are loaded is to load the multiple test substructures 3 of the single initial time loading target by the same loading device according to the respective loading targets in sequence, so as to realize the process of multitasking loading.
Further, the test data measured after the loading is finished is fed back to the numerical simulation system to calculate the process of obtaining the real-time loading target, after each step of loading of the loading target at a single initial moment is finished, the accuracy of the implementation of the current step of loading target is verified through the previous step of loading target of each test substructure 3, when the accuracy of the implementation of the test substructure 3 of the current step of loading target does not meet the test requirement, the test substructure 3 of the current step of loading target which does not meet the test requirement is reloaded, the test loading system and the test object are reset after loading, and so on until all the test substructures 3 meet the accuracy requirement.
Further, after the process of obtaining the cut-off loading target after the precision comparison is carried out on the numerical model of the test substructure 3, after each step of loading of the single initial moment loading target is completed, the simulation result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 learned by the long-short-term memory network is compared with the test result of the test substructure 3 of the current step loading target, when the test result of the test substructure 3 of the current step loading target meets the precision requirement, the cut-off loading target is continuously stopped until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and the cut-off loading target is output, and when the test result of the test substructure 3 of the current step loading target does not meet the precision requirement, the model is continuously updated by new test data and then the precision comparison process is carried out again.
Further, the implementation process of the cut-off loading target is that firstly, a long-period memory network system structure with m long-period memory network layers and a plurality of full-connection layers is established, then, a numerical model of a test substructure 3 is established through finite elements, different excitation actions are input to obtain corresponding reaction responses, different excitation actions are taken as input, the reaction responses in different excitation actions are taken as output, and a training data set is established to train the long-period memory network system structure.
Wherein the long-term memory network layer is an LSTM layer, the long-term memory network architecture is an LSTM architecture,
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, wherein D n For the displacement input at the nth time (the rest is the same), F n C is the reaction force (the same as the rest) output at the nth moment (1) n-1 The effect of the internal state vector (which can be understood as the Memory state vector Memory of LSTM) at the last time of the nth time on the nth time, h (1) n-1 The influence of the output vector of the last time of the nth time on the nth time is the same as C (1) n 、h (1) n For the nth time to the next timeInfluence.
Establishing an LSTM architecture having m LSTM (long-term memory network) Layers and multiple fully-connected Layers (FC Layers), wherein a forgetting gate acts on the LSTM state vector from above for controlling the memory c at the last instant t-1 Influence on the current moment, forget the door control variable g f Generated by formula (1):
g f ＝σ(W f [h t-1 ,x t ]+b f ) (1)
the input gate is used for controlling the receiving degree of LSTM to the input, firstly, the input x of the current moment is used for t And the output h of the last time t-1 Obtaining new input quantity by linear transformation
Generated by formula (2):
but is provided with
The amount of input will be accepted by the input gate control, the control variable of the input gate likewise coming from input x t And output h t-1 See formula (3):
g i ＝σ(W i [h t-1 ,x t ]+b i ) (3)
under control of forget gate and input gate, state vector c t The refresh mode of (a) is shown as formula (4):
inside LSTM, the state vector is not totally output, but selectively output by the action of the output gate, the gating variable g of the output gate o Generated by equation (5), the output of LSTM is generated by equation (6).
g o ＝σ(W o [h t-1 ,x t ]+b o ) (5)
h t ＝g o *tanh(c t ) (6)
Wherein W is f And b f The parameter tensor of the forgetting gate is automatically optimized by a back propagation algorithm; sigma is an activation function; w (W) c And b c The parameters of the input gate are automatically optimized by a back propagation algorithm; tanh is the activation function; w (W) i And b i The parameters of the input gate are automatically optimized by a back propagation algorithm; w (W) o And b o Is automatically optimized by a back propagation algorithm for the parameters of the input gate.
And then, a numerical model of the test substructure 3 is built through finite elements, different excitation actions are input to obtain corresponding reaction responses, different excitation actions are taken as input, reaction responses at different excitation actions are taken as output, a training data set is built to train the LSTM system, after the training effect is achieved, a simulation result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 is obtained through a deep learning system by inputting a loading target of the current step of the test, and is compared with the test result, if the simulation result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 is compared with the test result to meet the precision requirement, the loading target is continuously cut until the calculation result of the reaction at the current moment is not influenced, the cut loading target is output, otherwise, a loading target modifying method is abandoned and new data is used for continuous learning.
In this embodiment, after the test loading system is loaded each time, the test loading system needs to be restored to the initial state, and after the next loading is performed, the power response of the plurality of test substructures 3 is repeated by using the single test substructures 3, so as to lay a foundation for the next test.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: the present embodiment is further defined by the first, second or third embodiment, where the numerical simulation system is implemented by using a finite element numerical simulation system.
Fifth embodiment: the embodiment is further defined by the first, second or third embodiment, wherein the test loading system adopts a high-performance electrohydraulic servo loading system to complete real-time loading.
Specific embodiment six: the present embodiment is further defined by the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment, where the working principle of the real-time hybrid test method is that the real-time hybrid test method sequentially loads the calculated multiple initial time loading targets through a test piece until the test sub-structure 3 is loaded, feeds back test data measured after the loading is completed to the numerical simulation system to calculate the real-time loading targets, sends the real-time loading targets to the test loading system, sequentially loads the test piece, resets the test object, and the specific implementation steps of the process for judging the precision of the test object are as follows:
Firstly, at the initial moment, establishing a numerical model of a numerical substructure 2 and a numerical model of a test substructure 3 of a prototype structure 1, and obtaining a loading target at the initial moment through a numerical simulation system;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, the test loading system loads the test substructure 3 according to the loading target of the first test substructure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the test substructure 3 according to the loading target of the second test substructure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test substructure 3 is loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, a simulation result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 is compared with the test result, and the numerical model of the test substructure 3 is updated;
step five, when the comparison between the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison between the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
Step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures 3 are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of loading targets through the previous step of loading targets of each test substructure 3, reloading the current step of the test substructure 3 which is not met if the current step of loading targets are not met, resetting the test loading system and the test objects after loading, and the like until all the requirements on accuracy are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
Seventh embodiment: as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4, this embodiment is further defined in the sixth embodiment, in this embodiment, when the prototype structure 1 is a high-level vibration damping structure, the real-time hybrid test method is a real-time hybrid test based on restarting the multi-task loading of the vibration isolation support 5 of the high-level vibration damping structure, where the vibration isolation support 5 is a rubber vibration isolation support, the high-level structure is taken as the numerical substructure 2 to perform numerical simulation, all the rubber vibration isolation supports are taken as the test substructure 3 to perform test loading, and interactive data perform the hybrid test in the test process. In the test, a single shock insulation support 5 and a restarting loading mode are adopted to replace the loading of all shock insulation supports 5.
The method for the real-time mixing test of the rubber shock insulation support based on the high-rise shock absorption structure with restarting multitasking loading comprises the following specific steps:
step one, establishing a finite element model of a seven-layer frame structure, and calculating to obtain loading targets of 6 shock insulation supports 5 under external load and initial conditions by the finite element model under the assumption that the counter force of the test substructure 3 at the initial moment is 0;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
step three, the test loading system loads the shock insulation support 5 of the high-rise vibration reduction structure according to the loading target of the first test substructure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the support according to the loading target of the second test substructure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test substructure is loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, simulation results of the numerical model of the test substructure are compared with the test results, and the numerical model of the test substructure is updated;
step five, when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
Step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading target is sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset, specifically, the test piece is loaded in sequence in a matching mode that an actuator 4 acts on a shock insulation support 5 until all the required test substructures are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of the loading target through the previous step of the loading target of each test substructure, reloading the current step of the test substructure which is not met if the current step of the loading target is not met, resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the requirements on accuracy are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
In the real-time mixing test, the shock insulation support 5 is taken for test loading, and the high-rise frame is subjected to numerical simulation. The key difficulties in the test process solved by the invention are as follows:
1) The invention can accurately reproduce the dynamic response of the high-rise frame;
2) If a plurality of shock insulation supports 5 are used for test loading in the invention, a plurality of test loading systems and a plurality of test pieces are required, which can certainly cause the improvement of test cost, and can also put higher requirements on a laboratory;
3) According to the invention, a test method of a mixed test updated by a model is not needed, an online correction process of the constitutive parameters according to continuous test data is omitted, and errors of a result of numerical simulation are reduced.
Eighth embodiment: in the sixth embodiment, in the real-time hybrid test of the viscous damper-bridge coupling model, when the prototype structure 1 is a viscous damper, the viscous damper is taken for test loading, and the bridge structure is subjected to numerical simulation.
The key difficulty solved in the test process of the invention is as follows:
1) The dynamic response of the viscous damper-bridge coupling model can be accurately reproduced;
2) According to the invention, test loading of a plurality of viscous dampers is not needed, and only one repeated loading is needed;
3) According to the invention, a test method of a mixed test updated by a model is not needed, an online correction process of the constitutive parameters according to continuous test data is omitted, and errors of a result of numerical simulation are reduced.
A schematic diagram of the viscous damper-bridge coupling model is shown in fig. 5:
taking the bridge as a numerical substructure 2 to perform numerical simulation, taking all viscous dampers as a test substructure 3 to perform test loading, and performing a hybrid test on interactive data in the test process. In the test, a single viscous damper and a restarting loading mode are adopted to replace the loading of all viscous dampers.
The real-time hybrid test method in the embodiment carries out the real-time hybrid test method based on the viscous damper-bridge coupling model loaded by restarting multitasking, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a finite element model of a bridge, setting an initial position of a viscous damper on the bridge, and calculating to obtain initial states such as deflection of the bridge at an initial moment by calculation, wherein the finite element model calculates to obtain loading targets of all the viscous dampers under external load and initial conditions;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, the test loading system loads the test substructure 3 according to the loading target of the first test substructure 3, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the test substructure 3 according to the loading target of the second test substructure 3, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test substructure 3 is loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, a simulation result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 is compared with the test result, and the numerical model of the test substructure 3 is updated;
Step five, if the comparison between the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure 3 meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, otherwise, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures 3 are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of loading targets through the previous step of loading targets of each test substructure 3, reloading the current step of the test substructure 3 which is not met if the current step of loading targets are not met, resetting the test loading system and the test objects after loading, and the like until all the requirements on accuracy are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
In this embodiment, a force sensor 6 is provided between the viscous damper and the actuator 4 for transmitting a load generated between them in real time.
Detailed description nine: the present embodiment is further defined by the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth or eighth embodiments, and the detailed process that the test accuracy of the present invention can reach the corresponding requirements is described by the present embodiment, specifically, the basic principle and key technology of the method of the present invention are described by the real-time hybrid test of the high-level vibration damping structure of the multi-viscosity damper. In order to effectively study the dynamic response of the multi-layer framework under the action of the earthquake and the damper, experimental study needs to be conducted on the whole structure. Building a true multi-layer frame structure in a test and purchasing a corresponding number of viscous dampers will result in excessive test costs. The research of the high-rise vibration reduction structure of the multi-viscosity damper by adopting a real-time mixing test is one of the means of high efficiency and economy.
In a real-time mixing test of a high-layer vibration reduction structure of the multi-viscosity damper, the viscous damper is taken for test loading, and a high-layer frame is subjected to numerical simulation. The key difficulties in the solution of the test are as follows:
1) The real-time hybrid test can accurately reproduce the dynamic response of the high-rise frame;
2) According to the invention, test loading of a plurality of viscous dampers is not needed, and only one repeated loading is needed;
3) According to the invention, a test method of a mixed test with model updating is not needed, an online correction process of the constitutive parameters according to continuous test data is omitted, so that errors of a result of numerical simulation are effectively reduced, and the accuracy is improved.
The method for carrying out the real-time mixing test of the high-layer vibration reduction structure of the multi-viscous damper based on restarting multitasking loading specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a finite element model of a three-layer frame structure, and calculating to obtain loading targets of 3 dampers under external load and initial conditions by the finite element model under the assumption that the counter forces of the test substructures at the initial moment are all 0;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, the test loading system loads the test sub-structure according to the loading target of the first test sub-structure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the test sub-structure according to the loading target of the second test sub-structure, resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test sub-structures are loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
Step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, simulation results of the numerical model of the test substructure are compared with the test results, and the numerical model of the test substructure is updated;
step five, if the comparison between the simulation result and the test result of the test substructure numerical model meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, otherwise, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of the loading target through the previous step of the loading target of each test substructure, reloading the current step of the test substructure which is not met if the current step of the loading target is not met, resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the requirements on accuracy are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
The working condition adopted in the test in this embodiment is El Centro seismic record, and the result of top layer displacement in the viscous damper-high layer frame model is shown in fig. 6: viscous damper-high layerThe main parameters of the three-layer frame structure used for the numerical substructure in the frame model are: m is m 1 ＝400.06kg，m 2 ＝355.30kg，m 3 ＝357.50kg，k 1 ＝k 2 ＝k 3 ＝586500N/m，c 11 ＝413.64N·s/m，c 12 ＝413.64N·s/m，c 13 ＝-26.71N·s/m，c 22 ＝367.41N·s/m，c 23 ＝-139.42N·s/m，c 33 ＝252.36N·s/m。
As shown in fig. 7, the curve formed by the data obtained after the top frame displacement is subjected to the loading test is compared with the standard theoretical value curve, the red line is the curve formed by the data obtained after the top frame displacement is subjected to the loading test, the black line is the standard theoretical value curve, only the position of the black line is the position of the non-overlapping part between the black line and the red line, the position of the red line is the position of the overlapping part of the black line and the red line, and the position of the overlapping part of the region where the red line is positioned and the region where the black line is positioned is finally embodied as the red region, and as shown in fig. 7, the overlapping degree of the curve formed by the data obtained after the top frame displacement is subjected to the loading test and the standard theoretical value curve reaches more than 98%, which indicates that the accuracy of the mixing test method can be ensured, the obtained data has stable reliability, can be used for subsequent use, and the accurate obtaining of the subsequent effective calculation result is facilitated.
Claims (7)
1. A real-time hybrid test method based on single test piece restarting multi-task loading is characterized in that: the real-time mixing test method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, at an initial moment, establishing a numerical model of a numerical substructure (2) of a prototype structure (1) and a numerical model of a test substructure (3), and obtaining a loading target at the initial moment through a numerical simulation system;
step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, loading the test sub-structure (3) according to the loading target of the first test sub-structure (3), resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, loading the test sub-structure (3) according to the loading target of the second test sub-structure (3), resetting the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test sub-structures (3) are loaded, and resetting the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, a simulation result of a numerical model of the test substructure (3) is compared with the test result, and the numerical model of the test substructure (3) is updated;
Step five, when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure (3) meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure (3) does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures (3) are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of loading targets through the previous step of loading targets of each test substructure (3), reloading the current step of the test substructure (3) which is not met if the current step of loading targets are not met, resetting the test loading system and the test objects after loading, and the like until all the requirements on precision are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
2. The real-time hybrid testing method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process of sequentially loading the calculated multiple initial time loading targets through the test loading system until the test substructures (3) are loaded is that the multiple test substructures (3) of the single initial time loading target are loaded by the same loading device according to the respective loading targets, so that the multi-task loading process is realized.
3. The real-time hybrid testing method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and feeding back the test data measured after the loading is finished to a numerical simulation system to calculate that the process of obtaining the real-time loading target is that after each step of loading of the loading target is finished at a single initial moment, the accuracy of the realization of the current step of loading target is verified through the previous step of loading target of each test substructure (3), when the accuracy of the realization of the test substructure (3) of the current step of loading target does not meet the test requirement, the test substructure (3) of the current step of loading target which does not meet the test requirement is reloaded, the test loading system and the test object are reset after the loading, and so on until all the test substructures (3) meet the precision requirement.
4. The real-time hybrid testing method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and after the process of obtaining the cut-off loading target after the precision comparison is carried out on the updated numerical test substructure (3) model, after each step of loading of the single initial moment loading target is completed, comparing the simulation result of the numerical model of the test substructure (3) learned by the long-short-term memory network with the test result of the test substructure (3) of the current step loading target, when the test result of the test substructure (3) of the current step loading target meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cut-off loading target, and when the test result of the test substructure (3) of the current step loading target does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data and then carrying out the precision comparison process again.
5. The real-time hybrid testing method based on single-test piece restarting multi-task loading according to claim 4, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the implementation process of the cut-off loading target comprises the steps of firstly establishing a long-period memory network system structure with m long-period memory network layers and a plurality of full-connection layers, then establishing a numerical model of a test substructure (3) through finite elements, inputting different excitation actions to obtain corresponding counter-force responses, taking the different excitation actions as input, taking the counter-force responses of the different excitation actions as output, and establishing a training data set to train the long-period memory network system structure.
6. The real-time hybrid testing method based on single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the real-time hybrid test method is a real-time hybrid test based on a high-rise vibration reduction structure loaded by restarting a multitask as a prototype structure (1), and comprises the following steps of:
step one, establishing a finite element model of a seven-layer frame structure, and calculating to obtain loading targets of 6 shock insulation supports (5) under external load and initial conditions by assuming that counter forces of the test substructures (3) at initial moments are all 0;
Step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, the test loading system loads the shock insulation support (5) according to the loading target of the first test substructure (3), resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the support according to the loading target of the second test substructure (3), resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test substructure (3) is loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, a simulation result of a numerical model of the test substructure (3) is compared with the test result, and the numerical model of the test substructure (3) is updated;
step five, when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure (3) meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure (3) does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
Step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures (3) are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of loading targets through the previous step of loading targets of each test substructure (3), reloading the current step of the test substructure (3) which is not met if the current step of loading targets are not met, resetting the test loading system and the test objects after loading, and the like until all the requirements on precision are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
7. The real-time hybrid test method based on the single-test-piece restarting multi-task loading according to claim 1, wherein the real-time hybrid test method is based on the restarting multi-task loading viscous damper-bridge coupling, and comprises the following specific steps:
step one, establishing a finite element model of a bridge, setting an initial position of a viscous damper on the bridge, and calculating to obtain initial states such as deflection of the bridge at an initial moment by calculation, wherein the finite element model calculates to obtain loading targets of all the viscous dampers under external load and initial conditions;
Step two, the loading target obtained in the step one is sent to a test loading system;
thirdly, the test loading system loads the test substructure (3) according to the loading target of the first test substructure (3), resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, loads the test substructure (3) according to the loading target of the second test substructure (3), resets the test loading system and the test object after loading, and so on until all the required test substructure (3) is loaded, and resets the test loading system and the test object;
step four, test data measured by a test loading system are fed back to a numerical simulation system, a simulation result of a numerical model of the test substructure (3) is compared with the test result, and the numerical model of the test substructure (3) is updated;
step five, when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure (3) meets the precision requirement, continuously cutting off the loading target until the calculation result of the counter force at the current moment is not influenced and outputting the cutting-off loading target, and when the comparison of the simulation result and the test result of the numerical model of the test substructure (3) does not meet the precision requirement, continuously updating the model by using new test data;
Step six, entering the next moment, and combining the received test data by the numerical simulation system to obtain a loading target at the moment;
step seven, the received cut-off loading targets are sent to a test loading system to be loaded in sequence, and the test piece is reset until all the required test substructures (3) are loaded;
step eight, verifying the accuracy of the realization of the current step of loading targets through the previous step of loading targets of each test substructure (3), reloading the current step of the test substructure (3) which is not met if the current step of loading targets are not met, resetting the test loading system and the test objects after loading, and the like until all the requirements on precision are met;
repeating the fourth step to the eighth step until the test is completed.
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