CN115792871A - Acoustic compatibility lake test method for spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment to drag line array - Google Patents
Acoustic compatibility lake test method for spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment to drag line array Download PDFInfo
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- CN115792871A CN115792871A CN202211161634.6A CN202211161634A CN115792871A CN 115792871 A CN115792871 A CN 115792871A CN 202211161634 A CN202211161634 A CN 202211161634A CN 115792871 A CN115792871 A CN 115792871A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic compatibility lake test method of a spherical bow underwater acoustic device for a towing line array, which belongs to the technical field of acoustic compatibility design of ships. The method can utilize the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment and the towed linear array to carry out an acoustic compatibility lake test aiming at the condition that the front receiving channel of the towed linear array is packaged in a sheath and cannot be provided with measuring points, finds out the acoustic interference condition of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment on the towed linear array, supports the post analysis of the interference reason, and provides anti-interference measures in a targeted manner so as to realize the compatible use of the two equipment to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship acoustic compatibility design, and particularly relates to an acoustic compatibility lake test method for a towing line array of spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment.
Background
The submarine is the main underwater threat of the surface ship, the surface ship is usually equipped with a ball bow underwater sound device and a towing line array for carrying out submarine detection, the ball bow underwater sound device is arranged in a bulb bow of the ship, and the towing line array is towed at a certain distance from the stern of the ship when in use. Under the normal condition, the working frequency of the towing line array is lower and is used for remote warning of the submarine, and the working frequency of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment is higher and is used for accurate tracking of the submarine.
In recent years, with the increasing of the stealth capability of submarines and the increasing of the requirement of surface ships on the remote accurate detection capability of the submarines, the ball bow underwater sound equipment begins to develop towards the direction of low frequency, large aperture and high power, so that the interference risk of the ball bow underwater sound equipment on the towed linear array is increased continuously. The interference condition can be qualitatively analyzed by adopting a traditional theoretical calculation method, but the acoustic interference condition of the spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment on the towing line array, particularly the interference condition in the out-of-band aspect, is difficult to accurately forecast, and if the construction of the surface ship is finished, the acoustic compatibility test of the spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment on the towing line array is carried out through a real ship, the problems that the acoustic interference condition cannot be accurately judged because the real ship sonar equipment is packaged and part of data cannot be acquired as required, the two equipment cannot be compatibly used because the equipment cannot adopt effective anti-interference measures, and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an acoustic compatibility lake test method for a towing line array by a ball bow underwater acoustic device, which can utilize the ball bow underwater acoustic device and the towing line array to develop an acoustic compatibility lake test in a design stage aiming at the condition that a front receiving channel of the towing line array is packaged in a sheath and cannot be provided with a measuring point, find out the acoustic interference condition of the towing line array by the ball bow underwater acoustic device, support the post-analysis of the interference reason, and specifically provide anti-interference measures to realize the compatible use of the two devices to the maximum extent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an on-lake acoustic compatibility test method for a towing line array by using spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing a test environment on a lake, and arranging a bulbous bow underwater sound device, a sound baffle plate, a towing line and a standard hydrophone in water in sequence at a certain depth;
step two: formulating the launching working condition of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment; the launching working condition of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment mainly comprises launching pulse width, launching range, launching frequency, launching main beam direction and launching power;
step three: judging whether a receiving channel at the front end of the towed linear array is saturated or not based on data acquired by a standard hydrophone;
when the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment emits, the standard hydrophone and the towed linear array synchronously acquire data, wherein the standard hydrophone data is acquired by using a data acquisition device, and the towed linear array records time domain waveform data after AD conversion by using data recording equipment carried by the towed linear array; comparing the peak-to-peak value of the time domain waveform with amplitude limiting voltages amplified and filtered at each stage to judge whether a channel is saturated or not, and if the peak-to-peak value is greater than the amplitude limiting voltage, judging that saturation is generated, and if the peak-to-peak value is less than the amplitude limiting voltage, judging that saturation is not generated;
the AD conversion part utilizes time domain data i (t) synchronously recorded by the towed linear array to judge whether the link is saturated, namely the peak-to-peak value of i (t) is greater than the amplitude limiting voltage and is judged to be saturated, and the peak-to-peak value of i (t) is less than the amplitude limiting voltage and is judged not to be saturated;
step four: judging whether the detection performance of the towed linear array is interfered or not based on array element domain data;
and (3) performing interference judgment by using time domain data i (t) recorded by the towed linear array, and judging that interference is generated if C is larger than or equal to NL, otherwise, judging that no interference is generated, wherein NL represents the background noise spectrum level when the towed linear array realizes the index.
Further, the underwater sound distribution depth of the bulbous bow is the minimum value which can meet the full-power emission requirement; arranging a sound baffle at the rear end of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment, wherein the sound baffle is hung in water and is vertical to the towing line array, and the size, the shape and the shielding performance of the sound baffle and the relative position relation of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment are consistent with those of a real ship; the towing line array is arranged under water, the standard hydrophone is arranged at the position where the distance between the towing line array and the bulbous bow underwater acoustic device is the minimum, and the arrangement depth is basically the same as the depth of the towing line array.
Further, in the second step, the main parameters of the launching conditions of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment are as follows:
a. emission pulse width: at least comprises two conditions of being less than the integral time of the drag linear array and being more than the integral time of the drag linear array;
b. emission range: the minimum range under the condition of meeting the requirement of transmitting pulse width is met;
c. emission frequency: the method comprises the steps of (1) transmitting various frequencies of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment and various waveforms corresponding to the frequencies;
d. main beam emission direction: in the design stage, the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment can detect the critical angle azimuth of a view range, the critical angle azimuth of a precision-keeping view range, the 0-degree azimuth and partial azimuths between the critical angle azimuth and the precision-keeping view range when the ship is to be loaded;
e. emission power: including full power, minimum power, if both interfere with the drag line array, then no power needs to be added between them, otherwise the power needs to be added between them.
Further, in the third step, the calculation method is shown in formulas (1) to (4):
I A1 (f)＝FFT(i s (t))/As(f)*(S t (f)/S s (f))*A1(f) (1)
I F1 (f)＝I A1 (f)*Filter1(f) (2)
I A2 (f)＝I F1 (f)*A2(f) (3)
I F2 (f)＝I A2 (f)*Filter1(f) (4)
wherein i s (t) time domain waveform representing interference acquisition with data collector, S s (f) The receiving sensitivity of a standard hydrophone is shown, and As (f) represents the amplitude-frequency response of an amplifier in the acquisition system; s t (f) The receiving sensitivity of the towed linear array hydrophone is shown, and A1 (f), filter1 (f), A2 (f) and Filter2 (f) respectively show the first levelAmplitude-frequency response characteristics of amplification, first-stage filtering, variable gain, second-stage filtering, I A1 (f)、I F1 (f)、I A2 (f)、I F2 (f) Respectively representing the frequency spectrums output after primary amplification, primary filtering, variable gain and secondary filtering of a receiving channel at the front end of the towed linear array, wherein FFT (fast Fourier transform) represents the fast Fourier transform and converts time domain waveforms into the frequency spectrums; will I A1 (f)、I F1 (f)、I A2 (f)、I F2 (f) And respectively converting the waveforms into time domain waveforms through inverse Fourier transform.
Further, in the fourth step, array element domain time domain data i of the hydrophones at the front, middle and rear three positions of the towed linear array are selected 1 (t)、i 2 (t)、i 3 (t) judging the interference, and then, towing the linear array at
The azimuth output interference strength C is:
where DI represents the array gain of the towed linear array,
when the main beam of the towed linear array points to the theta direction
OrientationWhen suppressing side lobes
When the utility model is used, the water is discharged,
when the interference of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment on the towed linear array is judged, theta =0 degrees, and C1, C2 and C3 are respectively the interference intensity output by the array elements at the front position, the middle position and the rear position of the towed linear array.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to an on-lake acoustic compatibility test method for a towing linear array by using a spherical bow underwater acoustic device, which can be improved aiming at the condition that a front receiving channel of the towing linear array in the prior art is packaged in a sheath and cannot be provided with a measuring point. In the design stage, a test on an acoustic compatibility lake is carried out by using the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment and the towing linear array, the acoustic interference condition of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment on the towing linear array is found out, the problem that the data cannot be comprehensively acquired under the condition of a real ship to analyze the acoustic compatibility condition is effectively solved, the follow-up analysis interference reason can be effectively supported, anti-interference measures can be provided in a targeted manner, and the purpose of compatible use of the two equipment is realized.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test environment on an acoustically compatible lake of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the towed linear array in the lake test according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the emitting orientation of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a standard hydrophone receiver system under test;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a typical front receive channel flow for a towed linear array;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a typical digital signal processing flow for a towed linear array.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an on-lake acoustic compatibility test method for a towing line array of a spherical bow underwater acoustic device, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing a test environment on the lake;
the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment is hoisted in a lake through a measuring well by a fixed hoisting device on a pontoon, and the deployment depth is the minimum value which can meet the full-power emission of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment; arranging a sound baffle at the rear end of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment, wherein the sound baffle is hung in water by using a fixed hanging device on a pontoon and is vertical to the towing line array, and the size, the shape and the shielding performance of the sound baffle and the relative position relation of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment are consistent with those of a real ship; the towing line array is laid under water at a depth of about 10-20m by a pontoon, a bank slope, a towing cable, a floating ball, a towing rope and the like, and is shown in a figure 2 in detail; the standard hydrophones are arranged at the position with the minimum distance between the towed linear array and the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment through the movable test ship, the arrangement depth is basically the same as the depth of the towed linear array, and the detailed description is shown in attached figure 1.
Step two: setting up launching condition of bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment
The launching working conditions of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment mainly comprise the following parameters:
a. emission pulse width: the method at least comprises two conditions of being less than the integral time of the towed linear array and being more than the integral time of the towed linear array;
b. emission range: the minimum measuring range under the condition of meeting the requirement of transmitting pulse width is met;
c. emission frequency: the method comprises the steps of (1) transmitting various frequencies of the bulbous hydroacoustic equipment and various waveforms corresponding to the frequencies;
d. main beam emission direction: in the design stage, when the ship is to be installed, the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment can detect the critical angle azimuth of the view range, the critical angle azimuth of the precision-maintaining view range, the 0-degree azimuth and part of azimuths between the critical angle azimuth and the precision-maintaining view range, as shown in the attached figure 3;
e. emission power: including full power, minimum power, if both interfere with the drag line array, then no power needs to be added between them, otherwise the power needs to be added between them.
Step three: judging whether the front receiving channel of the towed linear array is saturated or not based on the data collected by the standard hydrophone
When the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment emits, the standard hydrophone and the towed linear array synchronously acquire data, wherein the standard hydrophone data are acquired by using the data acquisition unit, and the towed linear array records time domain waveform data after AD conversion by using the data recording equipment carried by the towed linear array. A schematic diagram of a standard hydrophone receiver system for the test is shown in FIG. 4, where i s (t) time-domain waveform, S, representing the acquisition of interference by the collector s (f) The receive sensitivity of a standard hydrophone is shown, and As (f) represents the amplitude-frequency response of an amplifier in the acquisition system. A flow chart of a typical front-end receive channel of a towed linear array is shown in FIG. 5, S t (f) The receiving sensitivity of the towed linear array hydrophone is shown, A1 (f), filter1 (f), A2 (f) and Filter2 (f) respectively show the amplitude-frequency response characteristics of primary amplification, primary filtering, variable gain and secondary filtering, I A1 (f)、I F1 (f)、I A2 (f)、I F2 (f) Respectively representing output frequency spectrums after primary amplification, primary filtering, variable gain and secondary filtering of a front receiving channel of the towed linear array, wherein the calculation methods are shown as formulas (1) to (4):
I A1 (f)＝FFT(i s (t))/As(f)*(S t (f)/S s (f))*A1(f) (1)
I F1 (f)＝I A1 (f)*Filter1(f) (2)
I A2 (f)＝I F1 (f)*A2(f) (3)
I F2 (f)＝I A2 (f)*Filter1(f) (4)
wherein, FFT (.) represents fast Fourier transform, which converts time domain waveform into frequency spectrum; will I A1 (f)、I F1 (f)、I A2 (f)、I F2 (f) Respectively converted into time-domain waveforms by inverse Fourier transform, and the peaks of the time-domain waveforms are obtained byAnd comparing the peak value with amplitude limiting voltages amplified and filtered by each stage to judge whether the channel is saturated, and judging that the channel is saturated if the peak value is greater than the amplitude limiting voltage and judging that the channel is not saturated if the peak value is less than the amplitude limiting voltage.
And the AD conversion part judges whether the link is saturated or not by using time domain data i (t) synchronously recorded by the towed linear array, namely the peak-to-peak value of i (t) is greater than the amplitude limiting voltage and is judged to be saturated or not, and the peak-to-peak value of i (t) is less than the amplitude limiting voltage and is judged to be not saturated.
Step four: array element domain data-based method for judging whether detection performance of towed linear array is interfered or not
And (5) utilizing time domain data i (t) recorded by the towed linear array to judge the interference. Selecting array element domain time domain data i of hydrophones at the front, middle and rear positions of the towed linear array 1 (t)、i 2 (t)、i 3 (t) judging the interference, and then, towing the linear array at
The azimuth output interference strength is:
where DI represents the array gain of the towed linear array,
when the main beam of the towed linear array points to the theta direction
Azimuthal sidelobe suppression, schematically illustrated in FIG. 6, when
When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when the interference of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment on the towed linear array is judged, theta =0 degrees, and C1, C2 and C3 are respectively the interference intensity output by the array elements at the front position, the middle position and the rear position of the towed linear array; if the C is larger than or equal to NL, judging that interference is generated, otherwise, judging that no interference is generated, wherein NL represents the background noise spectrum level when the towed linear array realizes the index.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An acoustic compatibility lake test method of a spherical bow underwater acoustic device to a drag line array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: building a test environment on a lake, and respectively arranging a bulbous underwater sound device, a sound baffle plate, a towing line array and a standard hydrophone in water at a certain depth in sequence;
step two: formulating the launching working condition of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment; the launching working condition of the bulbous underwater sound equipment mainly comprises launching pulse width, launching range, launching frequency, launching main beam direction and launching power;
step three: judging whether a receiving channel at the front end of the towed linear array is saturated or not based on data acquired by a standard hydrophone;
when the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment emits, the standard hydrophone and the towed linear array synchronously acquire data, wherein the standard hydrophone data is acquired by using a data acquisition device, and the towed linear array records time domain waveform data after AD conversion by using data recording equipment carried by the towed linear array; judging whether the channel is saturated or not by comparing the peak-to-peak value of the time domain waveform with amplitude limiting voltages amplified and filtered at each stage, and judging whether the channel is saturated or not if the amplitude limiting voltages are large or small;
the AD conversion part utilizes time domain data i (t) synchronously recorded by the towing line array to judge whether the link is saturated, namely the peak value of i (t) is larger than the amplitude limiting voltage and is judged to be saturated, and the peak value of i (t) is smaller than the amplitude limiting voltage and is judged not to be saturated;
step four: judging whether the detection performance of the towed linear array is interfered or not based on array element domain data;
and (3) performing interference judgment by using time domain data i (t) recorded by the towed linear array, and judging that interference is generated if C is larger than or equal to NL, otherwise, judging that no interference is generated, wherein NL represents the background noise spectrum level when the towed linear array realizes the index.
2. The method for testing the acoustic compatibility of the spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment to the towing line array on the lake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the underwater acoustic laying depth of the spherical bow is the minimum value which can meet the full power emission; arranging a sound baffle at the rear end of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment, wherein the sound baffle is hung in water and is vertical to the towing line array, and the size, the shape and the shielding performance of the sound baffle and the relative position relation of the bulbous bow underwater sound equipment are consistent with those of a real ship; the towing line array is arranged under water, the standard hydrophone is arranged at the position where the distance between the towing line array and the bulbous bow underwater acoustic device is the minimum, and the arrangement depth is basically the same as the depth of the towing line array.
3. The method for testing the acoustic compatibility of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic device on the towing line array according to the claim 2, wherein in the second step, the main parameters of the launching condition of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic device are as follows:
a. emission pulse width: the method at least comprises two conditions of being less than the integral time of the towed linear array and being more than the integral time of the towed linear array;
b. emission range: the minimum measuring range under the condition of meeting the requirement of transmitting pulse width is met;
c. transmission frequency: the method comprises the steps of (1) transmitting various frequencies of the bulbous hydroacoustic equipment and various waveforms corresponding to the frequencies;
d. main beam emission position: in the design stage, the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment can detect the critical angle azimuth of a view range, the critical angle azimuth of a precision-keeping view range, the 0-degree azimuth and partial azimuths between the critical angle azimuth and the precision-keeping view range when the ship is to be loaded;
e. emission power: including full power, minimum power, if both interfere with the towed linear array, then no power needs to be added, otherwise, no power needs to be added.
4. The acoustic compatibility lake test method for the towing line array by the spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that in the third step, the calculation method is as shown in the formulas (1) to (4):
I A1 (f)＝FFT(i s (t))/As(f)*(S t (f)/S s (f))*A1(f) (1)
I F1 (f)＝I A1 (f)*Filter1(f) (2)
I A2 (f)＝I F1 (f)*A2(f) (3)
I F2 (f)＝I A2 (f)*Filter1(f) (4)
wherein i 3 (t) time domain waveform representing interference acquisition with data collector, S 1 (f) The receiving sensitivity of a standard hydrophone is shown, as (f) shows the amplitude-frequency response of an amplifier in the acquisition system; s t (f) The receiving sensitivity of the towed linear array hydrophone is shown, A1 (f), filter1 (f), A2 (f) and Filter2 (f) respectively show the amplitude-frequency response characteristics of primary amplification, primary filtering, variable gain and secondary filtering, I A1 (f)、I F1 (f)、I A2 (f)、I F2 (f) Respectively representing the frequency spectrums output after primary amplification, primary filtering, variable gain and secondary filtering of a receiving channel at the front end of the towed linear array, wherein FFT (fast Fourier transform) represents the fast Fourier transform and converts time domain waveforms into the frequency spectrums; will I A1 (f)、I F1 (f)、I A2 (f)、I F2 (f) And respectively converted into time-domain waveforms through inverse Fourier transform.
5. The acoustic compatibility lake test method for the towed linear array of the spherical bow underwater acoustic equipment according to claim 4, wherein in the fourth step, array element domain time domain data i of hydrophones at the front, middle and rear positions of the towed linear array are selected 1 (t)、i 2 (t)、i 3 (t) judging the interference, and then, towing the linear array at
The azimuth output interference strength C is:
where DI represents the array gain of the towed linear array,
when the main beam of the towed linear array points to the theta direction
Azimuth sidelobe suppression when
When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
when the interference of the bulbous bow underwater acoustic equipment on the towed linear array is judged, theta =0 degrees, and C1, C2 and C3 are respectively the interference intensity output by the array elements at the front position, the middle position and the rear position of the towed linear array.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116699578A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-09-05 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Soft and hard equipment inter-sound compatibility testing method based on step progressive control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116699578A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-09-05 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Soft and hard equipment inter-sound compatibility testing method based on step progressive control |
| CN116699578B (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2024-03-15 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Soft and hard equipment inter-sound compatibility testing method based on step progressive control |
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