CN115789701B - Discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle - Google Patents
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- CN115789701B CN115789701B CN202310066223.7A CN202310066223A CN115789701B CN 115789701 B CN115789701 B CN 115789701B CN 202310066223 A CN202310066223 A CN 202310066223A CN 115789701 B CN115789701 B CN 115789701B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nozzles, in particular to a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle, which aims to solve the problem of low mixing efficiency of a nozzle of a scramjet engine. The invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle, comprising: an insulating housing, a nozzle assembly, and a plasma excitation assembly; the insulating shell is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is inserted into the through hole, and a gap is reserved between the nozzle assembly and the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is provided with a spray hole, and an outlet of the spray hole is opposite to an outlet of the through hole; the plasma excitation assembly is arranged in the gap and is abutted with the nozzle assembly, and the plasma excitation assembly is used for generating discharge plasma so as to act on fuel passing through the nozzle assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nozzles, in particular to a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle.
Background
The mixing duration of fuel and incoming flow in the combustion chamber is longer than the combustion process when the nozzle of the scramjet engine performs injection operation, and is one of key steps in operation, and the mixing effect directly influences the ignition performance and combustion efficiency in the combustion chamber. The transverse jet flow is the most common fuel injection mode, and has the advantages of simple structure, small total pressure loss, no need of considering heat protection and the like. However, when the transverse jet is used for fuel injection, the weakness of low mixing efficiency of fuel and incoming flow often exists, so that the improvement of the mixing efficiency of the transverse jet is important.
In order to improve the mixing efficiency, a slope, a support plate and the like are passively added in a combustion chamber in a common method; active acoustic excitation, hall resonators, etc. The active flow control technique of the plasma is also an effective means of enhancing blending. The supersonic velocity flows down, and the direct current arc plasma, the plasma jet and the pulse laser plasma can increase the turbulence degree of the incoming flow or interact with the incoming flow to form a large-scale vortex structure, so that the fuel mixing effect is improved. The addition of passive blending methods such as slopes or support plates can cause the combustion chamber to bear higher heat load due to the invasion of components into the flow field, and can also cause additional total pressure loss; the traditional active blending enhancement technologies such as acoustic excitation and a Hall-effect resonator have the defects of slow technical response and the like.
The utilization of the plasma to improve the mixing effect of the fuel and the incoming flow in the combustion chamber has wide research prospect, but the existing direct current arc plasma has extremely high excitation power which can reach tens of kilowatts, and the excessive excitation power not only causes energy loss, but also can discharge extra nitrogen oxides to pollute the environment; the plasma jet flow can induce new shock waves in the combustion chamber, so that the total pressure loss is increased, and the working performance of the engine is reduced; the laser-induced plasma excitation system is complex.
Therefore, a device for improving the mixing efficiency, which can achieve the advantages of quick technical response, low excitation power and small total pressure loss, is lacking at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing at present, the invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle to solve the problem of low mixing efficiency of a jet nozzle of a scramjet engine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle, comprising: an insulating housing, a nozzle assembly, and a plasma excitation assembly;
the insulating shell is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the insulating shell;
the nozzle assembly is inserted into the through hole, and a gap is formed between the nozzle assembly and the insulating shell;
the nozzle assembly is provided with a spray hole, and an outlet of the spray hole is opposite to an outlet of the through hole;
the plasma excitation assembly is arranged in the gap and is abutted with the nozzle assembly, and the plasma excitation assembly is used for generating discharge plasma so as to act on fuel passing through the nozzle assembly.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the nozzle assembly further comprises a nozzle base and a nozzle column connected above the nozzle base;
the spray hole penetrates through the nozzle base and the nozzle column.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the plasma excitation assembly comprises a high-voltage electrode, a barrier layer and a ground electrode;
the high-voltage electrode, the blocking layer and the ground electrode are all wrapped on the outer surface of the nozzle column;
the high-voltage electrode is connected with the high-voltage end of the excitation power supply;
the ground electrode is connected with a ground wire.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the device also comprises a metal base;
the metal base is inserted into the insulating shell, and the top of the metal base is provided with a groove with an upward opening;
the nozzle base is inserted into the groove.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
an air inlet channel is formed in the lower portion of the metal base and communicated with the spray hole, and the air inlet channel is used for being connected with a fuel supply pipeline.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the inside of insulating shell has offered a plurality of wire passageway, the initial end of wire passageway with high-voltage electrode or the ground electrode intercommunication, the wire passageway is used for holding the electrode line.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the spray hole and the through hole are coaxially arranged.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the outer surface of the insulating housing is provided with threads for connection with the combustion chamber.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the vertical section of the metal base is H-shaped, and the outer surface of the metal base is provided with threads for being connected with the insulating shell.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the nozzle assembly is made of insulating materials.
In summary, the technical effects achieved by the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle, comprising: an insulating housing, a nozzle assembly, and a plasma excitation assembly; the insulating shell is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is inserted into the through hole, and a gap is reserved between the nozzle assembly and the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is provided with a spray hole, and an outlet of the spray hole is opposite to an outlet of the through hole; the plasma excitation assembly is arranged in the gap and is abutted with the nozzle assembly, and the plasma excitation assembly is used for generating discharge plasma so as to act on fuel passing through the nozzle assembly.
Through inserting nozzle assembly in the through-hole of seting up of insulating shell, and plasma excitation subassembly sets up in the clearance between nozzle assembly and the insulating shell, plasma excitation subassembly produces discharge plasma, acts on the fuel that flows through, and when discharge plasma produced, electron and ion directional motion in the electric field collide with neutral particle, give ambient air with its momentum, energy transmission, make the air near the high-voltage electrode directional movement, form shock wave and induced jet, the boundary layer flow of having disturbed the fuel that flows through, induced jet unstability, improvement blending effect. The discharge plasma excitation mode has the advantages of high response speed and low excitation power, and simultaneously, the plasma excitation component is coupled into the fuel nozzle, so that the mixing effect is improved, the additional total pressure loss in the combustion chamber is reduced, and the problem of low mixing efficiency of the nozzle of the scramjet engine is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a nozzle assembly and a plasma excitation assembly;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle assembly and a plasma excitation assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an insulating housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a metal base;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle base and a metal base;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a discharge plasma enhanced blend nozzle.
Icon: 100-insulating housing; 110-a through hole; 120-wire channels; a 200-nozzle assembly; 210-spraying holes; 220-nozzle base; 230-nozzle column; 300-a plasma excitation assembly; 310-high voltage electrode; 320-a barrier layer; 330-ground electrode; 400-metal base; 500-excitation power supply.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
At present, a way for improving the mixing efficiency, which can realize rapid active flow control, low excitation power, small total pressure loss, simple structure and strong operability, is lacking.
In view of this, the present invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle comprising: an insulating housing 100, a nozzle assembly 200, and a plasma excitation assembly 300; the insulating housing 100 is provided with a through hole 110, and the through hole 110 penetrates through the insulating housing 100; the nozzle assembly 200 is inserted into the through hole 110, and a gap is formed between the nozzle assembly 200 and the insulating housing 100; the nozzle assembly 200 is provided with a spray hole 210, and an outlet of the spray hole 210 is opposite to an outlet of the through hole 110; the plasma excitation assembly 300 is disposed in the gap and abuts the nozzle assembly 200, and the plasma excitation assembly 300 is configured to generate a discharge plasma to act on the fuel passing through the nozzle assembly 200.
Through inserting nozzle assembly 200 into through hole 110 formed in insulating housing 100, and plasma excitation assembly 300 is arranged in the gap between nozzle assembly 200 and insulating housing 100, plasma excitation assembly 300 generates discharge plasma, and acts on the fuel flowing through, when discharge plasma generates, electrons and ions directionally move in the electric field to collide with neutral particles, and transmit momentum and energy to ambient air, so that air near the high-voltage electrode directionally moves to form shock waves and induced jet flow, thereby interfering the boundary layer flow of the flowing fuel, inducing jet flow instability, and improving blending effect. The discharge plasma excitation mode has the advantages of high response speed and low excitation power, and simultaneously, the plasma excitation assembly 300 is coupled into the fuel nozzle, so that the mixing effect is improved, the additional total pressure loss in the combustion chamber is reduced, and the problem of low mixing efficiency of the nozzle of the scramjet engine is solved.
The structure and shape of the discharge plasma enhanced blend nozzle provided in this embodiment are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-7.
Regarding the shape and structure of the insulating housing 100, in detail:
as shown in fig. 3, the insulating housing 100 is provided with a through hole 110, and the through hole 110 penetrates the insulating housing 100.
Specifically, a through hole 110 is formed in the center of the upper surface of the insulating housing 100, the cross section of the through hole 110 can be circular, the radius R1 of the through hole is 3mm, and the radius value can be changed according to actual conditions; the insulating housing 100 may be made of ceramic or polytetrafluoroethylene or other structural materials with good insulating properties.
Preferably, the outer surface of the insulating housing 100 is provided with threads for connection with the combustion chamber.
Preferably, a plurality of wire channels 120 are formed in the insulating housing 100, the initial ends of the wire channels 120 are communicated with the high-voltage electrode 310 or the ground electrode 330, and the wire channels 120 are used for accommodating the electrode wires. Specifically, for example, four wire passages 120 may be provided in the insulating housing 100 for connecting the high voltage electrode 310 wire with the ground electrode 330 wire according to the actual situation and the combustion chamber configuration, and the number and positions of the wire passages 120 may be changed according to the actual situation.
Regarding the shape and structure of the nozzle assembly 200, in detail:
the nozzle assembly 200 is inserted into the through hole 110 with a gap between the nozzle assembly 200 and the insulating housing 100. The nozzle assembly 200 is provided with a nozzle 210, and an outlet of the nozzle 210 faces an outlet of the through hole 110.
Specifically, for example, the radius R2 of the nozzle 210 is 2mm, the radius value can be changed according to the actual situation, and the nozzle 210 and the through hole 110 can be coaxially arranged; a gap is reserved between the nozzle assembly 200 and the insulating housing 100, for example, the gap may be a slit with a length of 15mm and a width of 1mm, and the value may be changed according to practical situations.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the nozzle assembly 200 further includes a nozzle base 220 and a nozzle post 230 connected above the nozzle base 220; as shown in fig. 2, the nozzle hole 210 penetrates the nozzle mount 220 and the nozzle post 230.
Preferably, the nozzle assembly 200 is made of an insulating material.
Specifically, the nozzle assembly 200 may be made of ceramic, polytetrafluoroethylene or other structural materials with good insulation properties, and the insulating housing 100 and the nozzle are made of insulating materials, so as to meet the insulation requirement of the carrier during discharge of the plasma excitation assembly 300, and prevent the applied high voltage electricity from conducting with the wall surface of the combustion chamber and the outside; the nozzle base 220 and the nozzle post 230 may be provided in a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the nozzle post 230 is smaller than that of the nozzle base 220, and the outer surface of the nozzle base 220 has a screw structure for firm assembly with the metal base 400.
Regarding the shape and structure of the plasma excitation assembly 300, in detail:
the plasma excitation assembly 300 is disposed in the gap and abuts the nozzle assembly 200, and the plasma excitation assembly 300 is configured to generate a discharge plasma to act on the fuel passing through the nozzle assembly 200.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the plasma excitation assembly 300 includes a high voltage electrode 310, a barrier layer 320, and a ground electrode 330; the high voltage electrode 310, the barrier layer 320 and the ground electrode 330 are all wrapped around the outer surface of the nozzle post 230; the high voltage electrode 310 is connected with the high voltage end of the excitation power supply 500; the ground electrode 330 is connected to ground.
Specifically, the gap may be disposed at one end near the outlet of the nozzle 210, the high-voltage electrode 310 and the ground electrode 330 may be strip-shaped thin sheets made of metal materials, the thickness of the strip-shaped thin sheets is 0.5mm, the strip-shaped thin sheets are wound into a ring according to the size of the nozzle 210, the thickness of the strip-shaped thin sheets may be changed according to practical situations, the high-voltage electrode 310 is connected with the high-voltage end of the excitation power supply 500, the ground electrode 330 is connected with the ground wire, the barrier layer 320 may be made of ceramic, polytetrafluoroethylene, kapton, or other materials with good insulation characteristics, and the excitation power supply 500 is an ac power supply or a pulse power supply.
In order to facilitate fuel delivery, it is preferable that the present embodiment further provides a metal base 400, and regarding the shape and structure of the metal base 400, in detail:
as shown in fig. 6, the metal base 400 is inserted into the insulating housing 100, and the top is provided with a groove with an upward opening; the nozzle base 220 is inserted into the recess. The lower part of the metal base 400 is provided with an air inlet channel which is used for being connected with a fuel supply pipeline and is communicated with the spray hole 210. The metal base 400 has an H-shaped vertical section, and an outer surface is provided with threads for connection with the insulating housing 100.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the metal base 400 is an "H" shaped metal member, and has base threads on the outer side thereof for being firmly assembled with the insulating housing 100; the upper part of the metal base 400 has a 'concave' slot for loading the nozzle base 220; an air inlet channel is arranged at the lower part of the metal base 400, and the air inlet channel is communicated with a fuel supply pipeline.
The working process of the discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle provided in this embodiment is as follows:
firstly, installing a plasma excitation assembly 300, and laying a high-voltage electrode 310, a barrier layer 320 and a ground electrode 330 around the upper part of a nozzle column 230 according to research requirements, wherein parameters such as electrode polarity, specific laying positions and the like can be adjusted according to actual conditions;
step two, connecting the spraying component with the metal base 400;
third, connecting the metal base 400 with the insulating housing 100 to ensure that the plasma excitation assembly 300 is located in the gap, the wires of which are led out by the wire channels 120;
fourthly, the assembled device is arranged on the wall surface of the combustion chamber;
fifthly, connecting the leads to a high-voltage power supply and a ground wire respectively;
sixthly, adjusting parameters of the excitation power supply 500 according to research requirements;
seventh, when the device works, fuel flows in from the air inlet at the lower part of the metal base 400, is injected into the incoming flow through the spray holes 210, the plasma excitation assembly 300 can generate discharge plasma, acts on nearby fuel, affects the boundary layer of the fuel in flowing, improves the turbulence degree of the fuel after being sprayed, and improves the mixing efficiency.
In the discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided in this embodiment, after the high-voltage electrode 310 and the ground electrode 330 are laid at the specified reserved position, after the barrier layer 320 is added between the two electrodes, continuous stable large-area plasma is formed by excitation of a high-voltage power supply, the continuous stable large-area plasma acts on the fuel flowing through the high-voltage power supply, electrons and ions directionally move in an electric field to collide with neutral particles when the discharge plasma is generated, momentum and energy of the electrons and ions are transmitted to ambient air, so that air near the high-voltage electrode 310 directionally moves to form shock waves and induced jet flow, boundary layer flowing through the fuel is disturbed, jet instability is induced, and the mixing effect is improved.
In addition, the plasma generating effect and characteristic can be closely related to the external power supply excitation mode, the power supply parameter and the exciter configuration, and the active control can be performed by switching the power supply polarity, the power supply excitation mode and adjusting the power supply parameter.
The discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment adopts a discharge plasma excitation mode, and has the advantages of high response speed, low excitation power and the like; meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure, firm connection and convenient disassembly and assembly, and the discharge plasma exciter is coupled into the fuel nozzle, so that the mixing effect is improved, and the additional total pressure loss in the combustion chamber is reduced to the greatest extent;
the discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided in this embodiment, the insulating housing 100, the metal base 400 and the nozzle assembly 200 may be separately processed and assembled, the plasma excitation assembly 300 is laid in the reserved slit between the insulating housing 100 and the nozzle assembly 200, and the pre-laying may be performed before the assembly, and meanwhile, the electrode polarity and structure may be changed according to the actual requirements, so that the operation flexibility is strong.
The discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided in this embodiment is simple to maintain, and the maintenance work mainly includes checking the abrasion and corrosion of the high-voltage electrode 310 in the plasma excitation assembly 300, checking the loss of components, and replacing the electrode or related components during maintenance.
In addition, the discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment has wide application scenes, and is suitable for not only gas fuel, but also liquid fuel; the method is not only suitable for being used in the combustion chamber of the scramjet engine, but also suitable for other engines such as rocket engines, detonation engines and the like, and is also suitable for basic experimental study.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle, comprising: an insulating housing (100), a nozzle assembly (200) and a plasma excitation assembly (300);
the insulating shell (100) is provided with a through hole (110), and the through hole (110) penetrates through the insulating shell (100);
the nozzle assembly (200) is inserted into the through hole (110), and a gap is formed between the nozzle assembly (200) and the insulating shell (100);
the nozzle assembly (200) is provided with a spray hole (210), and an outlet of the spray hole (210) is opposite to an outlet of the through hole (110);
the plasma excitation assembly (300) is arranged in the gap and is abutted against the nozzle assembly (200), and the plasma excitation assembly (300) is used for generating discharge plasma so as to act on fuel passing through the nozzle assembly (200).
2. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 1, wherein,
the nozzle assembly (200) further includes a nozzle base (220) and a nozzle post (230) connected above the nozzle base (220);
the nozzle hole (210) penetrates the nozzle base (220) and the nozzle column (230).
3. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 2, wherein,
the plasma excitation assembly (300) includes a high voltage electrode (310), a barrier layer (320), and a ground electrode (330);
the high-voltage electrode (310), the barrier layer (320) and the ground electrode (330) are all wrapped around the outer surface of the nozzle column (230);
the high-voltage electrode (310) is connected with the high-voltage end of the excitation power supply (500);
the ground electrode (330) is connected to a ground line.
4. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 2, wherein,
also comprises a metal base (400);
the metal base (400) is inserted into the insulating shell (100), and the top of the metal base is provided with a groove with an upward opening;
the nozzle base (220) is inserted into the groove.
5. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 4, wherein,
an air inlet channel is formed in the lower portion of the metal base (400) and is communicated with the spray hole (210), and the air inlet channel is used for being connected with a fuel supply pipeline.
6. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 3, wherein,
a plurality of wire channels (120) are formed in the insulating shell (100), the starting ends of the wire channels (120) are communicated with the high-voltage electrode (310) or the ground electrode (330), and the wire channels (120) are used for accommodating electrode wires.
7. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 1, wherein,
the spray hole (210) is coaxially arranged with the through hole (110).
8. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 1, wherein,
the outer surface of the insulating housing (100) is provided with threads for connection to a combustion chamber.
9. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 4, wherein,
the metal base (400) is H-shaped in vertical section, and the outer surface is provided with threads for connection with the insulating housing (100).
10. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle according to claim 1, wherein,
the nozzle assembly is made of insulating materials.
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| CN202310066223.7A CN115789701B (en) | 2023-02-06 | 2023-02-06 | Discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle |
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| CN202310066223.7A CN115789701B (en) | 2023-02-06 | 2023-02-06 | Discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle |
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