CN115789701A - Discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle - Google Patents
Discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115789701A CN115789701A CN202310066223.7A CN202310066223A CN115789701A CN 115789701 A CN115789701 A CN 115789701A CN 202310066223 A CN202310066223 A CN 202310066223A CN 115789701 A CN115789701 A CN 115789701A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nozzles, in particular to a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle, and aims to solve the problem of low mixing efficiency of a scramjet nozzle. The invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle, which comprises: an insulating housing, a nozzle assembly and a plasma excitation assembly; the insulating shell is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is inserted into the through hole, and a gap is formed between the nozzle assembly and the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is provided with a spray hole, and an outlet of the spray hole is opposite to an outlet of the through hole; the plasma excitation assembly is arranged in the gap and abutted against the nozzle assembly, and the plasma excitation assembly is used for generating discharge plasma to act on the fuel passing through the nozzle assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nozzles, in particular to a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle.
Background
When the nozzle of the scramjet engine is used for injection operation, the mixing duration of fuel and incoming flow in the combustion chamber is longer than that of the combustion process, and the mixing duration is one of key steps in the operation. The transverse jet is the most common fuel injection mode and has the advantages of simple structure, low total pressure loss, no need of considering the problem of thermal protection and the like. However, when the transverse jet is used for fuel injection, the weakness that the mixing efficiency of the fuel and the incoming flow is low often exists, so that the improvement of the mixing efficiency of the transverse jet is very important.
In order to improve the mixing efficiency, a slope, a support plate and the like are added in a combustion chamber passively in a common method; active acoustic excitation, holmtz resonators, and the like. Plasma active flow control technology is also an effective means for enhancing blending. Under supersonic speed coming flow, the direct current arc plasma, the plasma jet and the pulse laser plasma can increase the turbulence degree of the coming flow or interact with the coming flow to form a large-scale vortex structure, and the fuel mixing effect is improved. The passive mixing method of adding the slope or the support plate and the like can cause a combustion chamber to bear higher heat load and cause additional total pressure loss because the components of the passive mixing method invade a flow field; the traditional active mixing enhancement technologies such as acoustic excitation, hall resonator and the like have the defects of slow technical response and the like.
The plasma is utilized to improve the mixing effect of the fuel and the incoming flow in the combustion chamber, so that the research prospect is wide, but the excitation power of the direct current arc plasma is extremely high at present and can reach dozens of kilowatts, and the excitation power is too high, so that not only is energy loss caused, but also extra nitrogen oxides are discharged to pollute the environment; plasma jet flow can induce and generate new shock waves in the combustion chamber, so that total pressure loss is increased, and the working performance of the engine is reduced; laser induced plasma excitation systems are complex.
Therefore, a device which can realize quick technical response and low excitation power and further causes small total pressure loss and improves the mixing efficiency is absent at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the existing problems, the invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle to solve the problem of low mixing efficiency of a scramjet nozzle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle, which comprises: an insulating housing, a nozzle assembly and a plasma excitation assembly;
the insulating shell is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the insulating shell;
the nozzle assembly is inserted into the through hole, and a gap is formed between the nozzle assembly and the insulating shell;
the nozzle assembly is provided with a spray hole, and an outlet of the spray hole is opposite to an outlet of the through hole;
the plasma excitation assembly is arranged in the gap and abutted against the nozzle assembly, and the plasma excitation assembly is used for generating discharge plasma to act on fuel passing through the nozzle assembly.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the nozzle assembly further comprises a nozzle base and a nozzle post connected above the nozzle base;
the nozzle hole penetrates through the nozzle base and the nozzle column.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention,
the plasma excitation assembly comprises a high-voltage electrode, a barrier layer and a ground electrode;
the high-voltage electrode, the barrier layer and the ground electrode are wrapped on the outer surface of the nozzle column;
the high-voltage electrode is connected with the high-voltage end of the excitation power supply;
the ground electrode is connected with a ground wire.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention,
also comprises a metal base;
the metal base is inserted into the insulating shell, and a groove with an upward opening is formed in the top of the metal base;
the nozzle base is inserted into the groove.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the lower part of the metal base is provided with an air inlet channel which is communicated with the spray holes, and the air inlet channel is used for being connected with a fuel supply pipeline.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
a plurality of lead channels are formed in the insulating shell, the starting ends of the lead channels are communicated with the high-voltage electrodes or the ground electrodes, and the lead channels are used for containing electrode wires.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention,
the jet holes and the through holes are coaxially arranged.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
and the outer surface of the insulating shell is provided with threads for connecting with a combustion chamber.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the vertical section of the metal base is H-shaped, and the outer surface of the metal base is provided with threads used for being connected with the insulating shell.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention,
the nozzle assembly is made of an insulating material.
By combining the technical scheme, the invention can realize the technical effects that:
the invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle, which comprises: an insulating housing, a nozzle assembly and a plasma excitation assembly; the insulating shell is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is inserted into the through hole, and a gap is formed between the nozzle assembly and the insulating shell; the nozzle assembly is provided with a spray hole, and an outlet of the spray hole is opposite to an outlet of the through hole; the plasma excitation assembly is disposed in the gap and abuts the nozzle assembly, and the plasma excitation assembly is configured to generate a discharge plasma to act on the fuel passing through the nozzle assembly.
The nozzle assembly is inserted into the through hole formed in the insulating shell, the plasma excitation assembly is arranged in the gap between the nozzle assembly and the insulating shell, the plasma excitation assembly generates discharge plasma, the discharge plasma acts on flowing fuel, when the discharge plasma is generated, electrons and ions move directionally in an electric field and collide with neutral particles, momentum and energy of the neutral particles are transmitted to surrounding air, air near the high-voltage electrode moves directionally, shock waves and induced jet flow are formed, boundary layer flow of the flowing fuel is disturbed, jet flow instability is induced, and mixing effect is improved. The plasma excitation mode of discharging has the advantage that response speed is fast, excitation power is low, simultaneously, in inciting somebody to action the plasma excitation subassembly couples to the fuel spout, when promoting the mixing effect, has reduced extra total pressure loss in the combustion chamber, has solved the problem that scramjet engine nozzle mixing efficiency is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle assembly and a plasma excitation assembly;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle assembly and the plasma excitation assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an insulating housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a metal base;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle base and the metal base;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle.
An icon: 100-an insulating housing; 110-a via; 120-wire channel; 200-a nozzle assembly; 210-orifice; 220-a nozzle base; 230-nozzle post; 300-a plasma excitation assembly; 310-high voltage electrodes; 320-a barrier layer; 330-ground electrode; 400-a metal base; 500-energizing the power supply.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
At present, a way for improving the mixing efficiency, which can realize rapid active flow control and can realize low excitation power, small total pressure loss, simple structure and strong operability, is lacked.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle, comprising: an insulating housing 100, a nozzle assembly 200, and a plasma excitation assembly 300; the insulating shell 100 is provided with a through hole 110, and the through hole 110 penetrates through the insulating shell 100; the nozzle assembly 200 is inserted into the through hole 110, and a gap is formed between the nozzle assembly 200 and the insulating housing 100; the nozzle assembly 200 is provided with a nozzle hole 210, and the outlet of the nozzle hole 210 is opposite to the outlet of the through hole 110; the plasma exciting assembly 300 is disposed in the gap and abuts the nozzle assembly 200, and the plasma exciting assembly 300 is used for generating discharge plasma to act on the fuel passing through the nozzle assembly 200.
By inserting the nozzle assembly 200 into the through hole 110 formed in the insulating housing 100, and arranging the plasma excitation assembly 300 in the gap between the nozzle assembly 200 and the insulating housing 100, the plasma excitation assembly 300 generates discharge plasma, acts on the fuel flowing through, when the discharge plasma is generated, electrons and ions move directionally in an electric field, collide with neutral particles, transmit momentum and energy of the electrons and the ions to surrounding air, so that the air near the high-voltage electrode moves directionally, shock waves and induced jet flow are formed, the boundary layer flow of the fuel flowing through is disturbed, jet flow instability is induced, and the mixing effect is improved. The discharge plasma excitation mode has the advantages of high response speed and low excitation power, and meanwhile, the plasma excitation assembly 300 is coupled to the fuel nozzle, so that the mixing effect is improved, the additional total pressure loss in the combustion chamber is reduced, and the problem of low mixing efficiency of the scramjet engine nozzle is solved.
The structure and shape of the discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle provided by the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
Regarding the shape and structure of the insulating housing 100, in detail:
as shown in fig. 3, the insulating housing 100 is opened with a through hole 110, and the through hole 110 penetrates through the insulating housing 100.
Specifically, a through hole 110 is formed in the center of the upper surface of the insulating housing 100, the cross section of the through hole 110 can be circular, the radius R1 of the through hole is 3mm, and the radius value can be changed according to actual conditions; the insulating housing 100 may be made of ceramic or teflon or other structural material with good insulating properties.
Preferably, the outer surface of the insulation case 100 is provided with a screw thread for connection with the combustion chamber.
Preferably, a plurality of lead channels 120 are opened inside the insulating housing 100, starting ends of the lead channels 120 are communicated with the high voltage electrode 310 or the ground electrode 330, and the lead channels 120 are used for accommodating electrode wires. Specifically, for example, four wire channels 120 may be disposed inside the insulating housing 100 for connecting the high voltage electrode 310 line and the ground electrode 330 line according to actual conditions and combustion chamber configurations, and the number and positions of the wire channels 120 may be changed according to actual conditions.
Regarding the shape and structure of the nozzle assembly 200, in detail:
the nozzle assembly 200 is inserted into the through-hole 110 with a gap between the nozzle assembly 200 and the insulating housing 100. The nozzle assembly 200 is provided with a nozzle hole 210, and an outlet of the nozzle hole 210 faces an outlet of the through-hole 110.
Specifically, for example, the radius R2 of the nozzle 210 is 2mm, the radius value can be changed according to actual conditions, and the nozzle 210 and the through hole 110 can be coaxially arranged; a gap is reserved between the nozzle assembly 200 and the insulating housing 100, for example, the gap may be a slit with a length of 15mm and a width of 1mm, although the value may be changed according to actual situations.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the nozzle assembly 200 further includes a nozzle base 220 and a nozzle post 230 connected above the nozzle base 220; as shown in fig. 2, the nozzle hole 210 penetrates the nozzle base 220 and the nozzle post 230.
Preferably, the nozzle assembly 200 is made of an insulating material.
Specifically, the nozzle assembly 200 may be made of ceramic or teflon or other structural materials with good insulating properties, and the insulating housing 100 and the nozzle are made of insulating materials, so as to meet the requirement of insulating property for the carrier when the plasma excitation assembly 300 discharges, and prevent the applied high voltage from conducting with the wall surface of the combustion chamber and the outside; the nozzle base 220 and the nozzle post 230 may be provided in a cylindrical structure, a post diameter of the nozzle post 230 is smaller than that of the nozzle base 220, and an outer surface of the nozzle base 220 has a screw structure for securely assembling with the metal base 400.
Regarding the shape and structure of the plasma excitation assembly 300, in detail:
the plasma excitation assembly 300 is disposed in the gap and abuts the nozzle assembly 200, the plasma excitation assembly 300 for generating a discharge plasma to act on the fuel passing through the nozzle assembly 200.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the plasma excitation assembly 300 includes a high voltage electrode 310, a barrier layer 320, and a ground electrode 330; the high voltage electrode 310, the barrier layer 320 and the ground electrode 330 are all wrapped around the outer surface of the nozzle post 230; the high-voltage electrode 310 is connected with the high-voltage end of the excitation power supply 500; the ground electrode 330 is connected to ground.
Specifically, the gap may be disposed at one end near the outlet of the nozzle 210, the high-voltage electrode 310 and the ground electrode 330 may be long-strip-shaped sheets made of metal materials, and are disposed in the gap in a ring shape according to the size of the nozzle 210, the thickness of the high-voltage electrode 310 and the ground electrode 330 is 0.5mm, and the values may be changed according to actual conditions, the high-voltage electrode 310 is connected to the high-voltage end of the excitation power supply 500, the ground electrode 330 is connected to the ground, the barrier layer 320 may be made of ceramic, polytetrafluoroethylene, kapton, or other materials with good insulation properties, and the excitation power supply 500 is an ac power supply or a pulse power supply.
For the convenience of fuel transportation, preferably, the present embodiment is further provided with a metal base 400, and regarding the shape and structure of the metal base 400, in detail:
as shown in fig. 6, the metal base 400 is inserted into the insulating housing 100, and the top of the metal base is provided with a groove with an upward opening; the nozzle mount 220 is inserted into the groove. The lower portion of the metal base 400 is opened with an air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel is communicated with the nozzle 210, and the air inlet channel is used for connecting with a fuel supply pipeline. The vertical section of the metal base 400 is H-shaped, and the outer surface is provided with a thread for connection with the insulation case 100.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the metal base 400 is an H-shaped metal member, and base threads are formed on the outer side of the metal base for securely assembling with the insulating housing 100; a concave groove is formed at the upper part of the metal base 400 and is used for loading the nozzle base 220; the lower portion of the metal base 400 is provided with an air inlet, which is communicated with a fuel supply line.
The working process of the discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, installing a plasma excitation assembly 300, laying a high-voltage electrode 310, a barrier layer 320 and a ground electrode 330 around the upper part of a nozzle column 230 according to research needs, wherein parameters such as electrode polarity, specific laying positions and the like can be adjusted according to actual conditions;
secondly, connecting the spraying component with the metal base 400;
thirdly, connecting the metal base 400 and the insulating housing 100 to ensure that the plasma excitation assembly 300 is positioned in the gap and the lead thereof is led out by the lead channel 120;
fourthly, mounting the assembled device on the wall surface of the combustion chamber;
fifthly, connecting the leads to a high-voltage power supply and a ground wire respectively;
sixthly, adjusting parameters of the excitation power supply 500 according to research needs;
seventhly, when the device works, fuel flows into the air inlet channel at the lower part of the metal base 400 and is injected into the incoming flow through the spraying holes 210, the plasma excitation assembly 300 can generate discharge plasma to act on nearby fuel, the boundary layer of the fuel during flowing is influenced, the turbulence degree after the fuel is sprayed is improved, and the mixing efficiency is improved.
According to the discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment, the high-voltage electrode 310 and the ground electrode 330 are laid at the specified reserved position, the barrier layer 320 is added between the two electrodes, continuous stable large-area plasma can be formed through excitation of a high-voltage power supply, the plasma acts on flowing fuel, when the discharge plasma is generated, electrons and ions move directionally in an electric field and collide with neutral particles, momentum and energy of the electrons and the ions are transmitted to surrounding air, so that the air near the high-voltage electrode 310 moves directionally, shock waves and induced jet flow are formed, boundary layer flow of the flowing fuel is disturbed, jet flow instability is induced, and a mixing effect is improved.
In addition, because the plasma generation effect and characteristic can be closely related to an external power supply excitation mode, power supply parameters and an exciter configuration, the plasma generation effect and characteristic can be actively controlled by switching the power supply polarity and the power supply excitation mode and adjusting the power supply parameters.
The discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment adopts a discharge plasma excitation mode, and has the advantages of high response speed, low excitation power and the like; meanwhile, the device has simple structure, firm connection and convenient disassembly and assembly, and couples the discharge plasma exciter into the fuel nozzle, thereby improving the mixing effect and reducing the extra total pressure loss in the combustion chamber to the maximum extent;
in the discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment, the insulating housing 100, the metal base 400 and the nozzle assembly 200 can be processed and assembled in a split manner, the plasma excitation assembly 300 is laid in a reserved slit between the insulating housing 100 and the nozzle assembly 200, and can be laid in advance before assembly, and meanwhile, the polarity and the structure of an electrode can be changed according to actual requirements, so that the operation flexibility is strong.
The discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment is simple to maintain, the maintenance work mainly comprises the steps of detecting the conditions of abrasion, corrosion and the like of the high-voltage electrode 310 in the plasma excitation assembly 300, detecting the loss condition of a component, and replacing the electrode or the related component during maintenance.
In addition, the discharge plasma enhanced mixing nozzle provided by the embodiment has wide application scenes, and is not only suitable for gas fuel, but also suitable for liquid fuel; the method is not only suitable for the combustion chamber of the scramjet engine, but also suitable for other engines such as rocket engines, detonation engines and the like, and is also suitable for basic experimental research.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle, comprising: an insulating housing (100), a nozzle assembly (200), and a plasma excitation assembly (300);
a through hole (110) is formed in the insulating shell (100), and the through hole (110) penetrates through the insulating shell (100);
the nozzle assembly (200) is inserted into the through hole (110), and a gap is reserved between the nozzle assembly (200) and the insulating shell (100);
the nozzle assembly (200) is provided with a spray hole (210), and an outlet of the spray hole (210) is opposite to an outlet of the through hole (110);
the plasma excitation assembly (300) is arranged in the gap and is abutted against the nozzle assembly (200), and the plasma excitation assembly (300) is used for generating discharge plasma to act on fuel passing through the nozzle assembly (200).
2. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 1,
the nozzle assembly (200) further comprises a nozzle base (220) and a nozzle post (230) connected above the nozzle base (220);
the nozzle hole (210) penetrates the nozzle base (220) and the nozzle post (230).
3. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 2,
the plasma excitation assembly (300) comprises a high voltage electrode (310), a barrier layer (320) and a ground electrode (330);
the high voltage electrode (310), the barrier layer (320) and the ground electrode (330) are all wrapped around the outer surface of the nozzle post (230);
the high-voltage electrode (310) is connected with the high-voltage end of the excitation power supply (500);
the ground electrode (330) is connected to ground.
4. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 2,
further comprising a metal base (400);
the metal base (400) is inserted into the insulating shell (100), and the top of the metal base is provided with a groove with an upward opening;
the nozzle base (220) is inserted into the groove.
5. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 4,
the lower part of the metal base (400) is provided with an air inlet channel which is communicated with the spray holes (210), and the air inlet channel is used for being connected with a fuel supply pipeline.
6. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 3,
a plurality of lead channels (120) are formed in the insulating shell (100), the starting ends of the lead channels (120) are communicated with the high-voltage electrodes (310) or the ground electrodes (330), and the lead channels (120) are used for containing electrode wires.
7. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 1,
the jet holes (210) are arranged coaxially with the through holes (110).
8. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 1,
the outer surface of the insulating shell (100) is provided with threads for connection with a combustion chamber.
9. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 4,
the vertical section of the metal base (400) is H-shaped, and the outer surface of the metal base is provided with a thread used for being connected with the insulating shell (100).
10. The discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle of claim 1,
the nozzle assembly is made of an insulating material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310066223.7A CN115789701B (en) | 2023-02-06 | 2023-02-06 | Discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310066223.7A CN115789701B (en) | 2023-02-06 | 2023-02-06 | Discharge plasma enhanced blending nozzle |
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| CN115789701B CN115789701B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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