CN115765368A - Linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator - Google Patents

Linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115765368A
CN115765368A CN202211541028.7A CN202211541028A CN115765368A CN 115765368 A CN115765368 A CN 115765368A CN 202211541028 A CN202211541028 A CN 202211541028A CN 115765368 A CN115765368 A CN 115765368A
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rotor
permanent magnet
stator
linear
winding
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朱立勋
吴清云
吴卫民
高宁
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Shanghai Maritime University
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Shanghai Maritime University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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Abstract

The invention discloses a linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator which comprises a rotor, a rotor and a stator which are coaxially nested from inside to outside, wherein gaps are reserved between the rotor and between the rotor and the stator, and the rotor comprises a columnar iron core and a rotor spiral permanent magnet pasted on the outer wall of the columnar iron core; the rotor comprises a cylindrical back iron, a rotor spiral permanent magnet is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical back iron, a plurality of racks are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical back iron at intervals along the circumference, a starting winding is wound at the tooth root position of each rack, and each starting winding is used for generating a radially inward magnetic field so as to inhibit the radial force between the rotor and accelerate the starting of the motor; the stator includes a plurality of U-shaped iron cores that set up along the even interval of circumference, all is provided with the stator permanent magnet between every two adjacent U-shaped iron cores, and the salient pole tooth of stator is constituteed with the side tooth of two adjacent U-shaped iron cores to every stator permanent magnet, all is provided with stator winding on every stator salient pole tooth.

Description

Linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to a linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator.
Background
With the increasing serious energy crisis, the importance of green renewable energy sources capable of being continuously developed gradually appears. Compared with wind energy and solar energy, the wave energy as one of ocean energies has the characteristics of high energy density, strong predictability and the like, and has a very good application prospect.
The direct-drive type wave power generator has the advantages of being simple in structure, easy to manufacture, capable of saving a conversion link of an intermediate mechanical energy form, directly connecting the generator with a point absorption type wave power generation system floater, capable of converting linear mechanical energy of the floater into required electric energy, high in efficiency, strong in stability and the like. However, the direct drive type wave power generator has low speed and large volume, so that the power density is low. Aiming at the problem, a linear speed-increasing wave-activated generator based on a magnetic field modulation principle is provided, a magnetic regulation structure is added on the basis of a direct-drive motor to increase the speed, and the power is improved. However, the linear speed-increasing wave generator needs a large linear stroke to meet the motion of the rotor, so that the linear speed-increasing wave generator has the defects of large volume, high manufacturing cost and the like, and meanwhile, the linear speed-increasing wave generator has high structural complexity and poor heat dissipation performance, and can cause irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet and reduce the reliability of the motor.
The document IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,51 (11): 8113604,2015 (A Novel Magnetic-ground Tubular Linear motor With Hall Performance-Magnetic Arrays for Tidal Energy Conversion) proposes a Tubular Linear Permanent Magnet motor With high integration based on the Magnetic field modulation principle, which is composed of a low-speed rotor, a high-speed rotor and a Magnetic modulating stator wound With windings, and has compact structure and high space utilization rate. Because the stator is positioned between the two rotors, the structure reliability is low, and simultaneously, the air gap flux density is low, and the output electric energy quality is not high.
The documents IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,52 (7): 8202404,2016 (Developments of an effective Analytical Scheme for optical Composition Designs of Tubular Linear Magnetic-wired Machines) analyzed and optimized a Tubular Linear parallel Magnetic gear motor having a four-layer structure consisting of a stationary permanent Magnetic layer, a low-speed modulating Magnetic layer, a high-speed permanent Magnetic layer and a stator winding layer. The low-speed magnetic regulating layer is connected with the wave extractor, the high-speed permanent magnetic layer is driven to move by the magnetic regulating principle, and meanwhile, the high-speed permanent magnetic layer is used as a motor excitation layer to generate electricity. The parallel motor has more layers, high structural complexity and high manufacturing and mounting cost.
Chinese patent CN112532010A proposes a direct drive type permanent magnet linear generator for wave power generation, the motor belongs to an inner stator structure, and a rotor adopting a Halbach permanent magnet array is fixed on the inner wall of a buoy serving as a wave extractor, and reciprocates along with the buoy, so that a wave power generation system is simplified. The motor is similar to a direct drive wave generator, so the power and thrust density are still at a low level. At the same time, the structure increases the weight of the pontoon, which will have an unnecessary effect on the extraction of waves.
Chinese patent CN105811738A proposes a full superconducting primary excitation linear generator for direct drive type wave power generation, which adopts a superconducting excitation winding to increase the air gap flux density, and can adjust the magnetic field by changing the winding current, and has a high power factor. However, the installation of a complicated cooling device is required, which results in a great increase in the complexity of the entire motor, a reduction in the reliability of the motor, and high production, manufacturing and maintenance costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator, which utilizes the principle of spiral magnetic field coupling to realize the conversion from low-speed linear motion to high-speed rotary motion so as to solve the problems of low thrust density and low power density. Meanwhile, the starting winding is used for inhibiting the radial force generated by the coupling of the spiral magnetic field, and the starting performance of the motor is improved.
The invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave-activated generator comprises a rotor, a rotor and a stator which are coaxially nested from inside to outside, gaps are reserved between the rotor and between the rotor and the stator,
the rotor comprises a columnar iron core and a rotor spiral permanent magnet pasted on the outer wall of the columnar iron core, and the rotor spiral permanent magnet is used for generating a rotor spiral magnetic field;
the rotor comprises a cylindrical back iron, a rotor spiral permanent magnet is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical back iron, a plurality of racks are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical back iron at intervals along the circumference, a starting winding is wound at the tooth root position of each rack, the rotor spiral permanent magnet is used for generating a rotor spiral magnetic field, and each starting winding is used for generating a radial inward magnetic field so as to inhibit the radial force between the rotor and accelerate the starting of the motor;
the stator includes a plurality of U-shaped iron cores that set up along the even interval of circumference, all is provided with the stator permanent magnet between every two adjacent U-shaped iron cores for produce excitation magnetic field, every the stator salient pole tooth is constituteed with the side tooth of two adjacent U-shaped iron cores to the stator permanent magnet, every all be provided with stator winding on the stator salient pole tooth for produce induced electromotive force.
Further, the rack includes triangle-shaped prong and square form tooth root, forms the slot type structure between the adjacent rack, the position of winding the start winding on the square form tooth root is parallel to each other, every the start winding all communicates during the start-up and has the direct current.
Furthermore, the rotor spiral permanent magnet and the rotor spiral permanent magnet are of sectional structures and are magnetized along the axial direction alternately and radially.
Furthermore, the rotor spiral permanent magnet and the rotor spiral permanent magnet adopt an array magnetized in the axial N-S pole alternating radial direction, a mixed array magnetized in the axial N-S pole alternating axial direction and an iron core or a Halbach permanent magnet array.
Further, the axial length of the rack is smaller than or equal to that of the cylindrical back iron.
Furthermore, the columnar iron core comprises a supporting steel core and a rotor iron core sleeved on the outer wall of the supporting steel core.
Furthermore, the angles of the two side teeth, the middle slot, the inner arc angle of the stator permanent magnet and the outer arc angle of the slot between the adjacent racks of the U-shaped iron core are the same.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. due to the application of the spiral magnetic field coupling principle, the speed is increased, so that the linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator has high power density and thrust density.
2. Because the rack and the stator of the rotor have good symmetry, the high-order harmonic can be effectively inhibited, and the generator has high-quality output voltage.
3. The generator is provided with the starting winding, and direct current is introduced during starting to generate a radial inward magnetic field for restraining the radial force of the spiral magnetic field, so that the generator has better starting performance.
4. Because the excitation permanent magnet for electric energy conversion is positioned on the side of the stator, the generator has the advantage of good cooling condition, and the problem of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet possibly caused by poor heat dissipation performance is solved. Meanwhile, the armature reaction magnetic flux of the stator is orthogonal to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet, so that mutual influence is small, the composite motor is high in demagnetization resistance, and meanwhile, the concentrated winding has a small end part, so that a lower end part effect is achieved.
5. Because the rack of the rotor is a salient pole magnetic resistance structure, the generator has the characteristic of simple structure, the complexity of the generator is reduced, and the reliability of the whole structure is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic axial sectional view of a mover structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional schematic view of the rotor structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the variation curve of the induced electromotive force according to the present invention;
the magnetic motor comprises a rotor, a columnar iron core, a supporting steel core, a rotor iron core, a rotor spiral permanent magnet, a rotor, a cylindrical back iron, a rotor spiral permanent magnet, a rack, a starting winding, a 25-slot structure, a stator, a U-shaped iron core, a stator permanent magnet and a stator winding, wherein the rotor is 1-11-the columnar iron core, the supporting steel core is 111-the rotor iron core is 112-the rotor spiral permanent magnet, the rotor is 2-the rotor, the cylindrical back iron is 21-the rotor spiral permanent magnet, the rotor spiral permanent magnet is 22-the rack, the starting winding is 24-the starting winding, the slot structure is 25-the 3-stator, the U-shaped iron core is 31-the stator permanent magnet, and the stator winding is 33-the stator winding.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, the invention discloses a linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator, which comprises a rotor 1, a rotor 2 and a stator 3 which are coaxially nested from inside to outside, wherein gaps are reserved between the rotor 1 and the rotor 2, and between the rotor 2 and the stator 3, and are respectively marked as a gap 4 and a gap 5, and the specific details are as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the mover 1 includes a cylindrical core 11 and a mover spiral permanent magnet 12 attached to an outer wall 11 of the cylindrical core, the mover spiral permanent magnet 12 being configured to generate a mover spiral magnetic field; in order to enhance the supporting strength of the columnar iron core 11, the columnar iron core 11 includes a supporting steel core 111 and a rotor iron core 112 sleeved on the outer wall of the supporting steel core 111, the rotor iron core 112 is of a cylindrical structure and can be seamlessly sleeved outside the supporting steel core 111, a rotor spiral permanent magnet 12 is attached to the outer side of the rotor iron core 112, the supporting steel core 111 is made of high-strength steel, the rotor structure is supported, deformation of the rotor structure is prevented, the performance of a generator is influenced, and the rotor iron core 112 is made of a soft magnetic material and used for conducting a magnetic circuit.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the rotor 2 includes a cylindrical back iron 21, a rotor helical permanent magnet 22 is attached to an inner wall of the cylindrical back iron 21, a plurality of racks 23 are uniformly arranged on an outer wall at intervals along a circumference, a start winding 24 is wound at a tooth root position of each rack 23, the rotor helical permanent magnet 22 is used for generating a rotor helical magnetic field, and each start winding 24 is used for generating a radially inward magnetic field to inhibit a radial force between the rotor 1 and the rotor 2, so as to accelerate the starting of the motor;
this spiral permanent magnet 22 of rotor, spiral permanent magnet 12 of active cell all adopt the sectional type structure, all radially magnetize in turn along the axial, can also adopt in turn radial magnetization array along axial N-S utmost point, in turn axial magnetization permanent magnet and iron core mixed array or Halbach permanent magnet array along axial N-S utmost point, also can replace the permanent magnet to produce the helical magnetic field through seting up helicla flute winding spiral coil, if the spiral permanent magnet comprises two helix windings, a helix comprises multistage N utmost point arc form permanent magnet, another helix comprises multistage S utmost point arc form permanent magnet, thereby produce the helical magnetic field. In this way, the helical magnetic fields generated by the rotor helical permanent magnets 22 and the mover helical permanent magnets 12 are coupled with each other, so that the linear motion of the mover 1 is converted into the rotational motion of the rotor 2, and the helical permanent magnets on the mover 1 and the rotor 2 have the same axial width.
This rack 23 includes trapezoidal form prong and square form tooth root, forms slot type structure 25 between the adjacent rack, the installation start winding 24 of being convenient for, and wherein the surface of trapezoidal form prong adopts the arcuation structure, avoids producing magnetic field intensity inhomogeneous, and the position of winding start winding is parallel to each other on square form tooth root, and the winding of start winding 24 of being convenient for can reduce the influence that the fluting between two racks 23 switched on to electric energy conversion magnetic circuit simultaneously.
In addition, the rack 23 has an axial length equal to or less than that of the cylindrical back iron 21, and the number of the helical permanent magnets mounted on the rotor 2 is adjusted for convenience to adjust the torque obtained from the helical magnetic field coupling. The part of the cylindrical back iron 21, which is longer than the rack 23, can be obtained by laminating annular silicon steel sheets and then connecting the laminated silicon steel sheets with the cylindrical back iron 21 by using a welding technology, or by extending the laminating thickness of the silicon steel sheets of the rack 23 and then cutting redundant racks at two ends by using a cutting technology.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the stator 3 includes a plurality of U-shaped iron cores 31 uniformly spaced along the circumference, a stator permanent magnet 32 is disposed between each two adjacent U-shaped iron cores 31, the stator permanent magnet 32 is used for generating an excitation magnetic field, the stator salient pole teeth are formed by each stator permanent magnet 32 and the side teeth of two adjacent U-shaped iron cores 31, and a stator winding 33 is disposed on each stator salient pole tooth for generating induced electromotive force. All the stator permanent magnets 32 are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumference and are tangentially magnetized permanent magnets, the stator winding 33 is an integrated winding, an armature reaction magnetic field generated by the stator winding current is radial, the stator winding current and the armature reaction magnetic field are in a vertical state, the mutual influence is small, and the demagnetization resistance is strong.
Therefore, when the wave power generator works, the rotor 1 is connected with the floater of the point absorption type wave power generation system, so that wave motion is converted into low-speed linear motion of the rotor 1 along the axial direction through the motion of the floater, a rotor spiral magnetic field generated by the rotor spiral permanent magnet 12 and a rotor spiral magnetic field of the rotor spiral permanent magnet 22 are mutually coupled in the air gap 4 to generate torque to drive the rotor 2 to rotate, and therefore the conversion from the low-speed linear motion of the rotor 1 to the high-speed rotary motion of the rotor 2 is realized. When the rotor 2 rotates, the magnetic flux of the side teeth of the U-shaped iron core 31 changes, and since the stator winding 33 is wound on the side teeth of the U-shaped iron core 31, the magnetic flux of the stator winding 33 also changes, so that induced electromotive force is generated, and the conversion of the rotating mechanical energy into the electric energy is realized.
Considering that a relatively large radial force can be generated between two coupled spiral magnetic fields at the moment of starting, and the rotation of the rotor 2 is seriously hindered, a starting winding 24 is arranged on a rack 23 of the rotor 2, during the starting, the starting winding 24 is electrified with direct current to generate a radially inward high-strength magnetic field, the magnetic field of a radially outward magnetized spiral permanent magnet is temporarily inhibited, and meanwhile, the magnetic field of the radially inward magnetized spiral permanent magnet is only slightly improved by utilizing the saturation effect of the permanent magnet, so that the radial force between the rotor 1 and the rotor 2 is effectively attenuated, the magnetic field coupling is in an unstable state, the motor is started more easily, and the motor is accelerated. After the motor is started, the current is cut off.
In order to suppress the generated voltage harmonics, the two side teeth, the middle slot and the inner arc angle of the stator permanent magnet 32 of the U-shaped iron core 31 and the slot between the adjacent racks 23Has the same angle of outer arc angle, i.e. theta 1 =θ 2 =θ 3 =θ 4 =θ 5 =360/n/4, n is the number of U-shaped iron cores 31, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the inner arc angles of two side teeth of the U-shaped iron core 31 are θ 1 、θ 3 The inner arc angle of the intermediate groove is theta 2 The inner arc angle of the stator permanent magnet 32 is θ 4 The outer arc angle of the rack is theta 5 Thereby, the higher harmonics can be well suppressed, and the generator has a high quality output voltage, and as shown in fig. 5, the induced electromotive force of the generator has a very high sine degree and a small harmonic content.
In addition, different U-shaped iron core numbers in the stator, different tooth number ratios in the rotor and different generator phase numbers can be adopted according to requirements.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely illustrative and that many variations or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is therefore defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A linear-rotation two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator is characterized in that: the rotor-stator hybrid power generator comprises a rotor, a rotor and a stator which are coaxially nested from inside to outside, wherein gaps are reserved between the rotor and between the rotor and the stator;
the rotor comprises a columnar iron core and a rotor spiral permanent magnet attached to the outer wall of the columnar iron core, and the rotor spiral permanent magnet is used for generating a rotor spiral magnetic field;
the rotor comprises a cylindrical back iron, a rotor spiral permanent magnet is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical back iron, a plurality of racks are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical back iron at intervals along the circumference, a starting winding is wound at the tooth root position of each rack, the rotor spiral permanent magnet is used for generating a rotor spiral magnetic field, and each starting winding is used for generating a radial inward magnetic field so as to inhibit the radial force between the rotor and accelerate the starting of the motor;
the stator includes a plurality of U-shaped iron cores that set up along the even interval of circumference, all is provided with the stator permanent magnet between every two adjacent U-shaped iron cores for produce excitation magnetic field, every the stator salient pole tooth is constituteed with the side tooth of two adjacent U-shaped iron cores to the stator permanent magnet, every all be provided with stator winding on the stator salient pole tooth for produce induced electromotive force.
2. The linear-rotary two degree-of-freedom motion wave-activated generator of claim 1, further comprising: the rack includes trapezoidal form prong and square form tooth root, forms the slot type structure between the adjacent rack, the position of winding the start winding on the square form tooth root is parallel to each other, every the start winding all communicates during the start-up and has the direct current.
3. The linear-rotary two degree-of-freedom motion wave-activated generator of claim 2, further comprising: the rotor spiral permanent magnet and the rotor spiral permanent magnet are of sectional structures and are magnetized along the axial direction alternatively and radially.
4. The linear-rotary two degree-of-freedom motion wave-activated generator of claim 3, further comprising: the rotor spiral permanent magnet and the rotor spiral permanent magnet are respectively an array magnetized along the axial N-S poles in an alternating radial mode, an array magnetized along the axial N-S poles in an alternating axial mode and an iron core in a mixed mode or a Halbach permanent magnet array.
5. The linear-rotary two degree-of-freedom motion wave-activated generator of claim 2, further comprising: the axial length of the rack is equal to or less than that of the cylindrical back iron.
6. The linear-rotary two degree-of-freedom motion wave-activated generator of claim 1, further comprising: the columnar iron core comprises a supporting steel core and a rotor iron core sleeved on the outer wall of the supporting steel core.
7. The linear-rotary two degree-of-freedom motion wave-activated generator of claim 1, further comprising: the angles of the two side teeth, the middle slot, the inner arc angle of the stator permanent magnet and the outer arc angle of the slot between the adjacent racks of the U-shaped iron core are the same.
CN202211541028.7A 2022-12-02 2022-12-02 Linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator Pending CN115765368A (en)

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CN202211541028.7A CN115765368A (en) 2022-12-02 2022-12-02 Linear-rotary two-degree-of-freedom motion wave power generator

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116455170A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-07-18 上海海事大学 Point absorption type wave power generation system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116455170A (en) * 2023-03-29 2023-07-18 上海海事大学 Point absorption type wave power generation system

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