CN115750200A

CN115750200A - Large-scale typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind power generation device and typhoon defense method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115750200A
Application number: CN202211285964.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾铮
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Priority date: 2022-10-20
Filing date: 2022-10-20
Publication date: 2023-03-07

Abstract

The invention provides a typhoon-resistant large vertical axis wind power generation device and a typhoon-resistant method thereof, and provides a structural configuration for realizing a large vertical axis fan. By the wing-shaped and light-weight improvement of the structure of the fan supporting arm, the wind energy capturing capacity of the fan is improved, the gravity center of the fan is reduced, and the stability of the fan is improved; the invention also provides a control strategy for improving the typhoon resistance of the fan, and when the typhoon arrives, the fan can simultaneously realize the adjustment of the impeller structure and the feathering adjustment of the blades. The blades of the wind wheel are firstly lowered to a lower wind speed area on the offshore plane through the adjustment of the supporting arm, and the blades are feathered, so that the wind load borne by the blades of the fan is reduced to the maximum extent, the typhoon disaster resistance of the fan is greatly enhanced, and the safe operation capability of the vertical axis fan in a 30-year service period is improved.

Description

Large-scale typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind power generation device and typhoon defense method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of clean energy wind power generation, in particular to a large typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind power generation device arranged in a large water body or deep sea and a typhoon defense method thereof.

Background

Currently, most offshore wind power generation devices are horizontal-axis wind power generation sets. In order to improve the efficiency and the investment benefit of the fan, the single-machine power of the fan is developing towards large-scale direction, and a 16-18 megawatt horizontal shaft fan is put into the market. With the upsizing of the offshore wind turbine, the diameter of a fan impeller and the length of blades are continuously improved, and the typhoon resistance design requirement of the wind turbine is higher and higher, so that the wind turbine can be prevented from being damaged due to typhoon attack. People aim at the vertical axis fan, the vertical axis fan is researched to be used for offshore wind power generation, and in recent years, some small vertical axis fans are tried to be applied to the offshore wind power market.

Vertical axis fan: the impeller rotating shaft is along the wind power generation device of the vertical direction.

Lift type vertical axis fan: the vertical axis fan is provided with a group of (two or more) D-shaped flow direction airfoil blades, and forms fan rotating force by utilizing the vector difference of the blade lift force and the blade drag force. The invention was invented in 1931 by the French aviation engineer Darieu.

Compared with a horizontal shaft fan, the vertical shaft fan has the advantages that: the fan structure is axisymmetrically distributed relative to the wind wheel rotating shaft, the horizontal acting force is small, and the stability is superior to that of a horizontal shaft fan. However, due to the structural limitation, the application of the vertical axis fan is always limited to the field of small fans, the single-machine power is limited to hundreds of kilowatts, and the large vertical axis fan with several megawatts or even tens of megawatts is difficult to develop by using the original structure. The main reason is that the bearing capacity of a long arm structure (or called a support arm) for bearing rotating force in the vertical axis fan is limited to a certain extent, and the high-power vertical axis fan with a large-diameter impeller cannot be developed.

Secondly, offshore wind turbines need to withstand the test of typhoons. When typhoon comes, the vertical axis fan needs to perform corresponding mechanism adjustment and feathering control so as to reduce wind load acting on the fan blade and enable the fan to resist typhoon disasters without being damaged.

The cost of the underwater foundation part of the offshore wind turbine is high. Taking a common horizontal axis fan on the offshore shore as an example, the manufacturing cost of the foundation of the underwater part of the fan is almost similar to the manufacturing cost of the wind generating set on the water, and the deeper the water depth of the fan installation area is, the higher the manufacturing cost of the fan foundation is. At this time, a floating pile foundation is used to reduce the cost of the deep sea fan foundation.

The effect of the fan structure on the stability of the offshore floating fan is great. The impeller of the vertical axis fan is in an axisymmetric structure relative to the rotating shaft, and the stability of the fan is greatly superior to that of a horizontal axis fan, so that the development of a large-scale typhoon-resistant vertical axis fan has important significance on the utilization of wind energy in deep sea areas.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a large-scale anti-typhoon vertical axis wind power generation device and a typhoon defense method thereof, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art.

In order to realize the large-scale vertical axis wind generating set (namely, a vertical axis fan), and to enable the vertical axis wind generating set to have the excellent characteristics of typhoon resistance, high efficiency, long service life, low electricity consumption cost and the like, the characteristics of the marine environment and the offshore wind resources thereof need to be fully researched, and the offshore large-scale vertical axis fan is constructed by starting from the structural optimization of the fan by utilizing the characteristics of the typhoon which can be predicted. This fan should have: 1) The impeller of the large vertical axis fan has a large diameter, and when the fan generates power, the fan blade is lifted to an airspace with better wind energy resources, and the rotating torque of the fan is controlled to be maximized, so that as much wind energy as possible is converted into rotating mechanical energy; 2) The original small fan supporting structure is changed into a structure capable of lifting and adjusting to lift the blades to a sea surface high wind speed area, the supporting mechanism is also provided with a specific series of wing sections, and lightweight design is carried out to improve the capacity of the impeller for absorbing wind energy; 3) The wind turbine foundation adopts a deep-sea floating pile foundation, so that the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine foundation can be effectively reduced, and the wind power investment project has good economic benefit; 4) The gravity center of the fan is reduced, the stability of the fan can be improved, and the typhoon resistance of the fan is improved. When the typhoon comes, the supporting arms and the blades of the fan are positioned in a low-wind-speed area close to the sea surface, and the blades are feathered, so that the capability of the fan for resisting typhoon disasters is improved to the maximum extent.

According to the thought, the invention provides a large-scale anti-typhoon vertical axis wind power generation device which comprises a floating pile foundation, an anchor chain, a cabin and main blades, wherein the cabin and the main blades are positioned on the water surface through the floating pile foundation and the anchor chain. The top of the engine room is hinged with a plurality of supporting arms through a hub, the top of each supporting arm is hinged with a main blade, the top ends of the supporting arms are positioned on the same horizontal plane and rotate to form a wind wheel, the supporting arms are provided with supporting arm adjusting mechanisms, and the main blades are provided with variable pitch mechanisms.

The transmission power generation device is arranged in the engine room and comprises a transmission shaft, a gear box, a coupler, a generator and other equipment. The hub drives the transmission shaft to transmit power to the input end of the gear box, the power is accelerated by the gear box and then drives the generator to rotate through the coupler, electric energy is output outwards, and wind power generation of the fan is achieved. The generator is fixed on a base in the engine room.

The further improvement is that the rotation torque of the vertical shaft fan acts on the floating pile foundation, so the anchor chain system is bound with the foundation and cannot rotate greatly, the anchor chain system of the floating pile foundation is comprehensively formed and meets certain torsion resistance requirements, and the reaction torque of the power generation device acting on the foundation can be offset. For this purpose, the floating pile foundation should be provided with buoyancy adjusting means by which the air pressed into the buoy can be increased and decreased, thereby adjusting the foundation to the desired buoyancy. The floating pile foundation should have good drainage capacity, so that the sea waves entering the floating pile foundation can be timely discharged, the waterproof and salt mist-proof design of the cabin should be more exquisite, the sea waves are not allowed to enter the cabin, and the equipment in the cabin is prevented from being corroded by the salt mist on the sea.

It is not easy to install an offshore vertical axis fan. In order to reduce the power consumption cost of the fan, the capacity of a single wind driven generator is expanded, so that an impeller with a larger diameter is used, and a larger wind sweeping area is realized. At the same time, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is reduced along with the increase of the diameter because the speed of the blade tip of the blade is limited to the upper limit, so that the solidity of the wind wheel is obviously insufficient, and a large amount of wind leakage is caused. The wind wheel technology with more blades can improve the utilization rate of wind energy, thereby obviously improving the generating capacity of the vertical axis fan. The fan cost is certainly increased by adding the blades, and particularly, the balance determination needs to be carried out between the cost increase of a single machine and the increase of the generating capacity by adopting a plurality of blades.

The further improvement is that the fan is matched, besides a crank link mechanism driven by hydraulic pressure, the adjustment control of the supporting arm and the main blade can be realized by various mechanisms, such as a pulley steel cable system adjusting mechanism, a hydraulic link mechanism and the like, or the mixed application of the adjusting mechanisms. For example, the support arm is adjusted by a pulley steel cable mechanism, and the main blade is adjusted by a crank link mechanism driven by an oil cylinder. The mechanism can be selected or chosen according to the installation and arrangement space, reliability, economy and other factors of the actual machine type.

The essential relationship for realizing the main blade variable pitch adjusting mechanism of the vertical axis fan is that a set of hydraulically driven crank connecting rod adjusting mechanism is arranged in the area near the top of the supporting arm along the surface of the supporting arm, the adjusting mechanism mainly comprises a hydraulic piston cylinder, a connecting rod and a crank, wherein the configuration relationship is as follows: one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the end of the hydraulic piston rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a proper position point on the upper half section of the main vane, the middle part of the main vane is hinged with the top of the supporting arm, and the part between the two hinged points on the main vane is called a crank. The mechanism is very similar to an umbrella folding mechanism of an umbrella, the main blade is equivalent to an umbrella rib, and the extending and retracting of the oil cylinder is equivalent to a sliding sleeve on an umbrella supporting rod pulled when the umbrella is folded and unfolded. The piston rod of the oil cylinder retracts, so that the feathering of the main blade can be realized; the main blade can be unfolded to be in a windward power generation state by pushing out. In the same way, the supporting arm can be lifted or lowered obliquely upwards by using another set of hydraulically driven crank-link mechanism.

And the top of the engine room is provided with a support arm adjusting and controlling tower column, and the support arm adjusting mechanism is connected between the support arm adjusting and controlling tower column and the support arm.

The support arm adjusting mechanism is a hydraulically driven connecting rod mechanism, the connecting section of the connecting rod mechanism is respectively connected with the support arm adjusting control tower column and the support arm, and the hydraulic drive controls the connecting rod mechanism to stretch.

The utility model provides a concrete improvement, support arm adjustment mechanism is pulley hoist cable mechanism, including a plurality of groups support arm adjustment mechanism assembly pulleys, support arm adjustment mechanism cable wire and support arm adjustment mechanism frequency conversion electric drive device, wherein, support arm adjustment mechanism assembly pulley and support arm adjustment mechanism frequency conversion electric drive device set up inside support arm regulation control tower post, every support arm adjustment mechanism frequency conversion electric drive device is connected with a support arm adjustment mechanism cable wire, support arm adjustment mechanism cable wire is walked around support arm adjustment mechanism assembly pulley and is connected with the support arm, the different tie point on the support arm is connected to a plurality of support arm adjustment mechanism cable wires.

The hydraulic pitch-controlled variable-pitch mechanism is a hydraulic-driven connecting rod mechanism and comprises a hydraulic pitch-controlled driving rod and a hydraulic pitch-controlled connecting rod, the hydraulic pitch-controlled driving rod is fixedly connected with a supporting arm, a hydraulic pitch-controlled driving oil cylinder drives the hydraulic pitch-controlled driving rod to move along the supporting arm in a telescopic mode, one end of the hydraulic pitch-controlled connecting rod is connected with a main blade, and the other end of the hydraulic pitch-controlled connecting rod is connected with a telescopic section of the hydraulic pitch-controlled driving rod.

The utility model provides a concrete improvement, it is pulley hoist cable mechanism to become oar mechanism, includes cable wire becomes oar mechanism assembly pulley, becomes oar mechanism cable wire and takes the cable wire of the position compensation of extension spring to become oar drive arrangement, and wherein cable wire becomes oar mechanism assembly pulley and takes the cable wire of the position compensation of extension spring to become oar drive arrangement and fix on the support arm, and cable wire becomes oar mechanism assembly pulley and is connected to main blade pin joint one side through becoming oar mechanism cable wire, and the cable wire that takes the position compensation of extension spring becomes oar drive arrangement and is connected to main blade pin joint opposite side through becoming oar mechanism cable wire.

The support arm is designed into a specific series of wing-shaped structures, the structures are designed in a light weight manner according to the equal strength theory according to the torsional force load borne by the support arm, and the light weight structures are made of fiber reinforced resin composite materials; the main blade is also a lifting type blade with a specific airfoil profile, and is also made of fiber reinforced resin composite materials. Compared with an all-steel structure, the whole wind power generation device has the advantages that the weight is reduced, the center of gravity is lowered, and the overall stability of the fan is improved.

The invention also provides a typhoon defense method of the large typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind power generation device.

The sea surface wind speed is distributed in a gradient way along with the elevation, and the wind speed is larger at the higher elevation. When the vertical axis fan generates electricity, the supporting arm adjusting mechanism enables the supporting arm to rotate and lift around a hinge point of the blade root according to a control strategy, and the supporting arm is in a V-shaped form relative to a fan rotating shaft, so that a main blade at the top of the supporting arm is positioned in a high wind speed area above the sea surface; under the control of the variable pitch adjusting mechanism, the main blades are adjusted to a windward power generation state. Under the action of sea surface wind power, the main blades face the wind to generate rotating force to drive the vertical shaft fan impeller to rotate, the rotating mechanical energy is transmitted through the supporting arms, and wind energy absorbed by the wing-shaped supporting arms is added to drive transmission and generator equipment in the engine room to run in a power generation mode.

And under the typhoon condition, the fan starts a typhoon defense control strategy. The supporting arm adjusting mechanism enables the blades hinged to the top end of the supporting arm to be lowered to a low wind speed area near the sea level and to be flattened in a straight shape, and the main blades are folded into a feathering state by combining with the variable pitch adjusting mechanism to be as if the blades are creeping on the sea level. The blades are adjusted to a low wind speed area, and feathering of the blades is implemented, so that wind load applied to the blades by typhoon can be reduced to the maximum extent, the destructive power of the typhoon disaster on the fan and the blades can be greatly reduced, and the capability of the fan for resisting the typhoon disaster is greatly enhanced.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the vertical axis fan support arm structure is improved in wing shape and light weight aiming at the traditional vertical axis fan support arm structure, so that the wind energy capturing capacity of the fan is improved, the gravity center of the fan is reduced, the stability of the fan is improved, and a way is provided for realizing large-scale development of the vertical axis fan.

2. Through the planning of the vertical axis fan supporting arm lifting adjusting mechanism and the blade variable pitch adjusting mechanism, the method for controlling the power generation of the fan and resisting typhoon disasters of the fan is realized, namely, the fan not only implements feathering under the typhoon condition, but also transfers the blades to a relatively low wind speed area close to the sea surface, so that the typhoon resistance of the fan can be greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an attitude diagram of a wind turbine implementing an anti-typhoon strategy according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a view showing a support arm lift adjusting mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a main blade hydraulic pitch control mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a pulley cable drive mechanism diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a pulley and wire rope pitch mechanism diagram according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The system comprises a floating pile foundation 1, a floating pile foundation 2, an anchor chain 3, a buoyancy adjusting device 4, a cabin 5, a transmission power generation device 6, a support arm adjusting control tower column 7, a hub 8, a wind wheel 9, a main blade 10, a variable pitch mechanism 10, a hydraulic variable pitch driving rod 10A, a hydraulic variable pitch connecting rod 10B, a steel cable variable pitch mechanism pulley block 10R, a steel cable variable pitch mechanism steel cable 10S, a steel cable variable pitch driving device 10T with position compensation of a tension spring, a support arm 11, a support arm 12, a support arm adjusting mechanism 12R, a support arm adjusting mechanism pulley block 12S, a support arm adjusting mechanism steel cable 12T and a variable frequency electric driving device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The front view, the shaft side view and the top view of the invention are respectively shown in figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3, and the invention comprises a floating pile foundation 1 which is fixed on the seabed through a plurality of anchor chains 2, and the fixed floating pile foundation is adjusted by a buoyancy adjusting device 3 to be in a state of being half immersed in seawater. The engine room 4 is fixedly connected with the floating pile foundation central buoy, and the top of the engine room is provided with a fan hub 7 and an engine room cover body for preventing sea waves and salt fog. Transmission and power generation equipment are installed in the engine room 4, the root of a supporting arm 11 of the fan is connected with the hub 7 through a hinge, and the supporting arm is adjusted in a lifting mode through a supporting arm adjusting mechanism 12. The top of the supporting arm 11 is connected with a main blade 9 of the fan through a hinge, and the blade is adjusted and controlled through a variable pitch adjusting mechanism 10. The implementation of these two regulation systems is explained in detail below by means of two exemplary embodiments.

The first embodiment is as follows:

one embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1-4. The support arm lifting adjustment of this example employs a hydraulically driven link mechanism, and the main blade pitch adjustment employs a hydraulically driven crank link mechanism. On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the implementation of two adjusting mechanisms is further described:

it can be seen that the support arm 11 has a small acute angle of adjustment, and a specific working range provides the possibility for simplifying the crank-link mechanism to adopt a hydraulically driven link mechanism, so that the adjustment mechanism can be simplified, and the economy is better. The support arm lift adjustment uses a hydraulically driven linkage mechanism as shown in figure 5. The supporting arm lifting hinge A is arranged at a proper position near the root of the supporting arm 11, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the supporting arm lifting hinge A, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the hinge B at the top of the tower column.

The main blade pitch adjustment adopts a hydraulically-driven crank-link mechanism as shown in fig. 6, and the part between two hinges including a hydraulic drive oil cylinder 10A, a link 10B and the main blade is a crank part. In the foregoing text of this specification, when the constitutive relation of the main blade pitch adjustment mechanism is referred to, the implementation of implementing the main blade pitch adjustment by using the crank link mechanism has been described, and details are not described here.

And in the operation of the fan, the adjustment of the blades and the supporting arms can be controlled in a linkage manner. Under the power generation working condition, the fan enables the supporting arm 11 to rotate upwards around the root hinge to lift up to form 45 degrees with the horizontal direction according to a control strategy, and the main blade 9 is adjusted to be in the vertical direction when rising to an area with high air speed above the sea surface. Under the action of sea surface wind power, the blades 9 face the wind to push the wind wheel 8 to generate power generation torque to drive the transmission power generation device to operate and generate power; when a typhoon is predicted to come, the fan enters the anti-typhoon working condition, and fig. 4 shows the typhoon resisting posture of the fan: the fan firstly lowers the supporting arm 11, so that the blades 9 are lowered to a low wind speed area near the sea surface, and simultaneously the main blades 9 are rotated to a feathering position in the horizontal direction, so that the acting force of typhoon on the fan is reduced to the maximum extent, and the capability of the fan for resisting typhoon disasters is improved.

The adjusting range of the supporting arm 11 is about 0-45 degrees, the adjusting range of the included angle between the main blade 9 and the supporting arm 11 is about 0-135 degrees, the adjusting end points of the supporting arm and the main blade respectively correspond to a fan power generation working condition and a typhoon-resistant working condition, the upper end point is a fan power generation (or standby) working condition, and the lower end point is a typhoon-resistant working condition.

The second embodiment:

another embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 7-9, in which the support arm adjustment and pitch adjustment of the wind turbine are both implemented by pulley and cable mechanisms, and the structure and working principle are as follows:

firstly, the support arm is provided with three articulation points for the cables: the point A is the length of the arm 1/3 of the distance from the root of the supporting arm, the point B is the length of the arm 1/2, the point C is a proper point of the top area, and the hinge point positions of the steel cables taken by the supporting arms are kept consistent. Fig. 8 is a tower column diagram of the pulley block and the driving mechanism thereof, wherein the tower column is arranged above the hub, the axial direction of the tower column is superposed with the rotating shaft of the fan and the wind wheel, and the tower column is fixedly connected with the hub. The tower column is divided into three layers, from bottom to top, the first layer corresponds to the steel cable of the hinge point A of the supporting arm; the second layer corresponds to the steel cable of the B hinge point; the third layer corresponds to the C hinge point steel cable. Each sling driving system comprises a pulley block 12R, a steel cable 12S and a variable-frequency electric driving winding device 12T. Obviously, in the lifting process of the supporting arm, the speeds of the first, second and third layers of pulley sling systems for receiving and releasing the steel cable are different, so that the control requirements of each layer of sling driving system are different. In other words, the three-layer sling driving system needs to perform coordination control according to the requirement on the sling retraction speed in the lifting process of the supporting arm.

The hinge point of the main blade connected with the top of the supporting arm is positioned in the middle of the main blade in the length direction. As shown in fig. 9, a steel cable hinge point P and a steel cable hinge point Q are respectively taken at appropriate positions of the upper half section and the lower half section, and the positions of the steel cable hinge points taken by each main blade are kept consistent and are arranged at the inner side of the wind wheel. Therefore, the variable pitch adjustment of the main blade is realized by controlling the steel cables of the two hinge points. The rear side of the wire rope hoist has an adjustment spring because PO + OQ is not a constant value during rotation of the main blade. If the wire rope passing around the pulley is to be kept constant, a tension spring is used for position compensation to adjust the position of the center O of the wire rope winding device.

The pulley cable rope adjustment system has two advantages: firstly, the power of the two regulating systems is driven by a full motor, and compared with a hydraulic driving system, the motor driving system is more flexible and convenient to arrange; and secondly, the supporting arms are constrained in a multi-steel-cable hinged mode, the supporting arms can be effectively prevented from vibrating during rotation of the impeller, and the root areas of the supporting arms are constrained by additional locking rods, so that the supporting arms and the main blades are more stable in the running power generation process of the fan in the embodiment.

All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiment, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, it is described simply, and the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be covered by the principle of the present invention without departing from the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a large-scale anti typhoon vertical axis wind power generation set, includes floating pile foundation, anchor chain, cabin and main blade, and cabin and main blade pass through floating pile foundation and anchor chain and fix a position on the surface of water, are provided with transmission power generation facility in the cabin, its characterized in that: the top of the engine room is hinged with a plurality of supporting arms through a hub, the top of each supporting arm is hinged with a main blade, the top ends of the supporting arms are positioned on the same horizontal plane and rotate to form a wind wheel, the supporting arms are provided with supporting arm adjusting mechanisms, and the main blades are provided with variable pitch mechanisms.

2. A large anti-typhoon vertical axis wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating pile foundation floats on a water body, the upper part of the floating pile foundation is fixedly connected with a fan cabin, and the lower part of the floating pile foundation is connected and positioned with a seabed through a plurality of anchor chains; the peripheral float bowl of the floating type pile foundation is provided with a buoyancy adjusting device, the buoyancy adjusting device adjusts the buoyancy of the pile foundation by injecting and discharging high-pressure air into the float bowl, controls the floating type pile foundation to be semi-submerged in the water body, and bears the reaction torque of the vertical axis wind driven generator acting on the pile foundation.

3. A large anti-typhoon vertical axis wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a supporting arm adjusting control tower column is arranged at the top of the engine room, and the supporting arm adjusting mechanism is connected between the supporting arm adjusting control tower column and the supporting arm.

4. A large anti-typhoon vertical axis wind power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: the support arm adjusting mechanism is a hydraulically-driven connecting rod mechanism, the connecting section of the connecting rod mechanism is respectively connected with the support arm adjusting control tower column and the support arm, and the hydraulic drive controls the connecting rod mechanism to stretch.

5. A large typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind power plant as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the support arm adjusting mechanism is a pulley sling mechanism and comprises a plurality of groups of support arm adjusting mechanism pulley blocks, support arm adjusting mechanism steel cables and support arm adjusting mechanism variable frequency electric driving devices, wherein the support arm adjusting mechanism pulley blocks and the support arm adjusting mechanism variable frequency electric driving devices are arranged inside the support arm adjusting control tower column, each support arm adjusting mechanism variable frequency electric driving device is connected with one support arm adjusting mechanism steel cable, the support arm adjusting mechanism steel cables are connected with the support arms by bypassing the support arm adjusting mechanism pulley blocks, and the support arm adjusting mechanism steel cables are connected with different connection points on the support arms.

6. A large typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind power plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the variable-pitch mechanism is a hydraulically-driven connecting rod mechanism and comprises a hydraulic variable-pitch drive rod and a hydraulic variable-pitch connecting rod, the hydraulic variable-pitch drive rod is fixedly connected with the support arm, the hydraulic variable-pitch drive oil cylinder drives the hydraulic variable-pitch drive rod to move in a telescopic mode along the support arm, one end of the hydraulic variable-pitch connecting rod is connected with the main blade, and the other end of the hydraulic variable-pitch connecting rod is connected with the telescopic section of the hydraulic variable-pitch drive rod.

7. A large anti-typhoon vertical axis wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the variable pitch mechanism is a pulley sling mechanism and comprises a steel cable variable pitch mechanism pulley block, a variable pitch mechanism steel cable and a steel cable variable pitch driving device with a tension spring and position compensation, wherein the steel cable variable pitch mechanism pulley block and the steel cable variable pitch driving device with the tension spring and the position compensation are fixed on the supporting arm, the steel cable variable pitch mechanism pulley block is connected to one side of a hinge point of the main blade through the steel cable of the variable pitch mechanism, and the steel cable variable pitch driving device with the tension spring and the position compensation is connected to the other side of the hinge point of the main blade through the steel cable of the variable pitch mechanism.

8. A large typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind power plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting arms and the main blades are made of fiber reinforced resin composite materials to be light structures.

9. A typhoon defense method of a large-scale anti-typhoon vertical axis wind power generation device is characterized in that: the large typhoon-resistant vertical axis wind turbine generator of claim 1 is used, and comprises a generating condition and a typhoon-resistant condition;

in the power generation working condition, the adjusting mechanism enables the supporting arm to rise to a high wind speed area on the sea surface, and the main blade is in a windward state by combining with the variable pitch mechanism, so that wind energy is converted into mechanical energy for rotating the wind wheel, and the transmission power generation equipment in the engine room is driven to generate power;

in the typhoon defense working condition, the adjusting mechanism controls the supporting arms to descend and horizontally expand, so that the main blades are located in a low wind speed area near the sea level, and the variable pitch mechanism enables the main blades to feather and rotate to the horizontal direction.