CN115748785A - Construction method of silt soil filled roadbed open caisson - Google Patents
Construction method of silt soil filled roadbed open caisson Download PDFInfo
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- CN115748785A CN115748785A CN202211645356.1A CN202211645356A CN115748785A CN 115748785 A CN115748785 A CN 115748785A CN 202211645356 A CN202211645356 A CN 202211645356A CN 115748785 A CN115748785 A CN 115748785A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of open caisson construction, and particularly discloses a mucky soil filled stone roadbed open caisson construction method, which comprises the following steps: step one, measurement lofting: step two, excavating a foundation pit to release a slope at the sinking position of the open caisson; step three, draining water in the foundation pit; fourthly, performing high-pressure jet grouting pile construction at the bottom of the well wall of the open caisson; and step five, constructing the open caisson. Compared with the prior art, the upper part of the foundation pit adopts the slope relief, so that the safety of the foundation pit is effectively improved, and the risk of soil wall collapse is reduced; the extrusion of mountain field broken stones on the sludge is reduced, the sinking stability of the open caisson is improved, the high-pressure jet grouting pile is adopted to be matched with the bottom of the well wall for foundation treatment, the problems of poor bearing capacity of the sludge and the like are effectively solved, the sinking construction accuracy of the open caisson is improved, and the problems of deflection, over sinking and the like are avoided; and the stability of the foundation can be improved, and the safety of the construction process is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of open caisson construction, and particularly discloses a construction method of a muddy soil filled stone roadbed open caisson.
Background
The open caisson is a shaft-shaped structure mainly composed of a well casing, a well wall and a cutting edge, and the open caisson has the advantages of small soil digging amount, small influence on adjacent buildings, large embedding depth, more stability and reliability in technology, strong integrity, good stability, capability of bearing larger vertical load and horizontal load and the like when being constructed by adopting the open caisson. During construction, the open caisson is prefabricated on the ground surface, then soil is continuously excavated from the open caisson under the enclosure of the well wall, so that the open caisson gradually sinks under the action of self gravity to overcome the friction force of the well wall, and after the designed elevation is reached, concrete bottom sealing and well hole plugging are carried out, and an internal structure is constructed. The open caisson is generally used when constructing structures such as a sewage pump station, a foundation pit of a large pier, a large equipment foundation, a civil air defense shelter, a shield assembly well, an underground driveway, a station hydraulic foundation construction enclosure device and the like.
Under the geological condition that backfill mountain field gravel is arranged under the asphalt and water stable structure layer and most silt is arranged below the mountain field gravel, the construction of the open caisson is over 5m, and the construction is in a sub project with larger risk over a certain scale, and the problems of partial sinking, over sinking and the like are easily caused under the influence of factors such as large depth of a foundation pit, extrusion of mountain field gravel, poor silt bearing capacity and stability and the like, and the construction difficulty of the open caisson is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a mucky soil filled stone roadbed open caisson construction method, which aims to solve the problems that the open caisson is prone to deflection and over-sinking under the conditions of large foundation pit depth, mountain field broken stone extrusion and poor silt bearing capacity and stability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a silt soil filled stone roadbed open caisson construction method comprises the following steps:
step one, measurement lofting: step two, excavating a foundation pit to release a slope at the sinking position of the open caisson; step three, draining water in the foundation pit; fourthly, performing high-pressure jet grouting pile construction at the bottom of the well wall of the open caisson; and fifthly, open caisson construction. The upper part of the foundation pit adopts the slope, so that the safety of the foundation pit is effectively improved, and the risk of collapse of the earth wall is reduced; the extrusion of mountain field broken stones on the sludge is reduced, the sinking stability of the open caisson is improved, the high-pressure jet grouting pile is adopted to be matched with the bottom of the well wall for foundation treatment, the problems of poor bearing capacity of the sludge and the like are effectively solved, the sinking construction accuracy of the open caisson is improved, and the problems of deflection, over-sinking and the like are avoided; and the stability of the foundation can be improved, and the safety of the construction process is ensured.
Preferably, in the first step, the position of the well position is determined, the excavation side line is correspondingly released according to the depth of the broken stones in the excavation mountain field, and the white lime line is sprayed.
Preferably, in the second step, carrying out open-cut stone first-level slope excavation on the foundation pit according to the distributed lime lines; slope ratio of slope releasing is 1. Can all excavate the mountain ground rubble that influences the construction, and can satisfy construction and the safety requirement of scene.
Preferably, in the third step, a water collecting well is arranged at one corner of the foundation pit, so that water in the pit is concentrated at the water collecting well, a sedimentation tank is arranged at the side of the foundation pit, a water pump is arranged according to the water volume in the groove, and accumulated water in the water collecting well is discharged into the sedimentation tank, is settled and then is discharged into a rainwater pipe network or a river channel.
Preferably, the sedimentation tank is a cuboid hard soil mixing sedimentation tank; and arranging a sedimentation tank at every three open caisson well positions. Limited by geological conditions of the mucky soil filled stone roadbed, the area of each single open caisson is smaller, and each three open caisson well positions share one sedimentation tank, so that accumulated water in the open caisson foundation pit is discharged and sedimentated, the engineering quantity can be reduced, and the investment is reduced.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the height of the top of the high-pressure jet grouting pile is 20-40 cm higher than the horizontal plane, and the height of the bottom of the pile is at least 50cm below a hard soil layer.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the well barrel template adopts a customized fan-shaped wood template, and an internal support supporting mode is adopted, so that the splicing closure property is ensured, and the stability of the open caisson is ensured.
Preferably, the edge support of the open caisson adopts a brick-laying cushion seat method, the open caisson can bear the weight of a certain upper part of the open caisson, and a scaffold in the open caisson can be erected on a brick, so that the open caisson cannot be subjected to large uneven settlement in the manufacturing process, destructive cracks between the edge and the open caisson are prevented, and the open caisson can be kept vertical.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the upper part of the foundation pit adopts the slope relief, so that the safety of the foundation pit is effectively improved, and the risk of soil wall collapse is reduced; the extrusion of mountain field broken stones on the sludge is reduced, the sinking stability of the open caisson is improved, the high-pressure jet grouting pile is adopted to be matched with the bottom of the well wall for foundation treatment, the problems of poor bearing capacity of the sludge and the like are effectively solved, the sinking construction accuracy of the open caisson is improved, and the problems of deflection, over sinking and the like are avoided; and the stability of the foundation can be improved, and the safety of the construction process is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the drainage of the foundation pit according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a foundation pit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
s1, step one, step two, step three, step four, and step five, wherein the step two is S2;
1-foundation pit, 2-high-pressure jet grouting pile, 3-water collecting well, 4-sedimentation tank, 5-rainwater pipe network and 6-water pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for constructing a silt soil filled rock roadbed open caisson comprises the following steps:
step one S1, measuring and lofting: before lofting, the method is compared with the existing pipeline diagram on site to see whether the influence on the construction of the sewage well exists. And releasing the position of each well position by adopting GPS-RTK according to a design drawing, performing secondary checking on the released well positions, correspondingly releasing an excavation sideline according to the depth of the excavated mountain gravel, and spraying a white lime line.
Step two S2, excavating a foundation pit 1 at the sinking position of the open caisson for slope setting; carrying out open-cut stone first-level slope-making on the foundation pit according to the distributed lime lines; the slope ratio of the slope to the slope is 1.
Step three S3, draining water in the foundation pit 1; a water collecting well 3 is arranged at one corner of a foundation pit 1, so that water in the pit is concentrated at the water collecting well 3, a sedimentation tank 4 is arranged at the edge of the foundation pit 1, a water pump 6 is arranged according to the water volume in the groove, and the accumulated water in the water collecting well 3 is discharged into the sedimentation tank 4 and is precipitated and then is discharged into a rainwater pipe network 5 or a river channel. The sedimentation tank 4 is a cuboid hard soil mixing sedimentation tank; and a sedimentation tank 4 is arranged at each of three open caisson well positions.
Step four S4, performing high-pressure jet grouting pile construction at the bottom of the well wall of the open caisson; the height of the top mark of the high-pressure jet grouting pile is 20-40 cm higher than the horizontal plane, and 32cm higher than the horizontal plane is adopted in the embodiment. The elevation of the pile bottom is 50cm below the hard soil layer. The construction of the high-pressure jet grouting pile is carried out according to the following steps:
1) Positioning and drilling by a drilling machine; and moving the drilling machine according to the on-site paying-off to align the drill rod head with the center of the hole site. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the drilling machine reaches the verticality required by design, the drilling machine needs to be horizontally corrected after being in place, so that the axis of a drilling rod of the drilling machine is vertically aligned with the central position of a drilling hole, and the verticality of the drilling hole is ensured not to exceed 1%. In the alignment and deviation correction inspection, a vertical ball (the height is not less than 2 m) is used for inspection from two vertical directions, and if deviation is found, a thin wood block is added under a machine base for adjustment. Drilling to form holes, strictly forming the holes according to the determined pile positions, wherein the deviation of the plane position is not more than 50mm, and adopting the original soil to make a slurry protecting wall.
2) Inserting a tube and performing trial spraying; and after the pilot hole is drilled, inserting the rotary spray pipe, performing trial spraying, and determining the construction technical parameters. Grouting materials: p42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, cement paste (single liquid) water cement ratio: 0.7 to 1.0.
3) High-pressure rotary spraying grouting; before rotary spraying, high-pressure equipment and a pipeline system are checked, and the pressure and the flow of the high-pressure equipment and the pipeline system must meet the requirements of design specifications; the grouting pipe and the nozzle are free from any sundries, and the sealing ring of the grouting pipe joint is required to be good. Recording each hole site, recording the actual hole site, the hole depth, underground obstacles in each drill hole, the grouting amount and other data. When cement paste is prepared, the water cement ratio is required to be designed and regulated, and the cement paste can be used along with stirring. The cement slurry should be prevented from settling during the guniting process, so that the concentration is reduced. And (3) mixing time after each feeding is not less than 3 minutes, and pouring the slurry into a collecting hopper before grouting. When the grouting pipe penetrates into the soil and the nozzle reaches the designed elevation, grouting can be sprayed according to the determined construction parameters. When spraying, the preset spraying pressure is reached, after the amount is normal, the grouting pipe is gradually lifted, and grouting is performed by rotary spraying from bottom to top. During each rotary spraying, the slurry pipe is firstly sprayed and then rotated and lifted to prevent the slurry pipe from being twisted off. When abnormal conditions such as sudden drop, rise or large amount of slurry overflow occur in the high-pressure jet grouting process, the cause should be found out and measures should be taken in time. Once the slurry supply and the gas supply are interrupted, the spray pipe is immediately sunk to be 0.3m below the stop supply point, and is lifted after repeated supply. When the design pile is lifted to the depth of 1.0m below the design pile top, the lifting speed is slowed down to the design elevation. After the spraying operation is finished, the overflowed slurry is used for recharging into the hole until the slurry does not sink.
4) Treating the waste slurry; in the injection grouting construction, a lot of waste slurry is generated, in order to ensure the neat and smooth construction of the site, a slurry pond is arranged in the site before the construction, the slurry is pumped and discharged in the slurry pond during the construction, and the slurry is transported outside after being solidified.
5) Washing machines and moving machines; when the high-pressure injection grouting is finished, the grouting pipe is quickly pulled out to thoroughly clean the grouting pipe and the grouting pump so as to prevent the grouting pipe and the grouting pump from being solidified and blocked by grout (if the shutdown time exceeds 3 hours due to accidents, a pump body and a grouting pipeline are properly cleaned).
And moving the rotary spraying machine to the next hole site.
And step 5, constructing the open caisson. The method comprises the following steps:
1) Sinking the open caisson and checking the stability; determining various construction parameters.
2) Leveling the field; and leveling the site after the high-pressure jet grouting pile is constructed, and preparing for hoisting the prefabricated open caisson.
3) Open caisson measurement lofting; and determining the central axis of the open caisson and the contour line of the open caisson foundation pit, and spraying white ash lines. As a basis for sink positioning. After the construction lofting is finished, the supervision engineer needs to recheck the construction and can start the construction after the construction is accurate.
4) An ex-situ vertical shaft cylinder inner die and a bracket; the open caisson is prefabricated in an abnormal position, the well barrel template is a customized fan-shaped wood template, an inner support supporting mode is adopted, and the splicing closure is guaranteed. The inner mould of the edge foot pedal part adopts a brick structure, and the width of the inner mould is as wide as that of the edge foot. The well internal mold support is supported by a phi 48 x 3.5 steel pipe. The steel pipe support must be erected firmly, and if necessary, a support can be adopted to increase the stability of the inner mold.
5) A blade foot supporting form; adopting a brick laying cushion seat method. The brick base can bear the weight of a certain upper open caisson, and the scaffold in the well can be erected on the brick, so that the open caisson cannot be subjected to large uneven settlement in the manufacturing process, the cutting edge and the well body are prevented from generating destructive cracks, and the well body can be kept vertical.
6) Binding steel bars; when reinforcing steel bars are bound on site, the cross points are bound firmly by using 21# iron wires and are firmly welded by electric welding if necessary. In order to ensure the thickness of the protective layer, cement mortar cushion blocks with the same strength grade are arranged between the steel bars and the template, and the cushion blocks are fastened with the steel bars and staggered with each other.
7) Erecting an outer die and a bracket; and after the binding and acceptance of the steel bars, erecting an external mold and a support. The inner and outer molds of the well wall are fixed by split screws, each split screw is made of phi 16 round steel, a water stop sheet is arranged in the middle of each split screw, iron sheets are arranged at two ends of each split screw to control the thickness and the size of the well wall, two ends of each round steel are hinged into threads and fixed by customized steel screw caps, the steel screw caps are removed when the molds are removed, exposed parts are cut off, and waterproof mortar with the same label is used for secondary floating to ensure that water cannot seep. The external mold support must be stable, firm and strong, so as to ensure that the template does not deform and run when the concrete is poured and pounded.
8) Pouring and tamping pit shaft concrete, maintaining and removing a mold, and sealing and building a reserved opening; in order to shorten the construction period and ensure the engineering quality, commercial concrete is adopted. The concrete is directly placed into the pouring and tamping section through the concrete diversion trench, and the distance between the pouring and tamping section and the pouring and tamping surface is about 1m, so that the concrete is prevented from being separated. The concrete is vibrated by an inserted vibrator, and a vibrating rod is separated from a reinforcing steel bar when being inserted, but the concrete segregation phenomenon caused by uneven vibration and over-dense vibration is prevented. The well body pouring and tamping concrete is constructed in two sections: the edge foot and the well body are cast and tamped twice and sink once. When the concrete is poured and tamped by sections, construction joints are made strictly according to the standard requirements. The construction joint is made into a convex joint, and concrete at the joint is chiseled during post-pouring and is cleaned by water. And (5) timely watering and maintaining after concrete pouring is finished to keep the surface of the concrete moist. The reserved opening on the well wall before the open caisson sinks is plugged by a steel plate, the thickness of the steel plate is 8mm, and the open caisson is supported by angle steel in a shape like a Chinese character 'jing'. And filling the opening with clay and bricks.
9) Hoisting the open caisson; the open caisson prefabricated in different positions is hoisted by a 25T truck crane, and special hoisting operation training is required before hoisting. And (4) strictly forbidding hoisting operation when the wind is strong, and checking whether the lifting appliance is intact or not before hoisting. When in hoisting, the open caisson is hoisted to 30cm away from the ground firstly by trial hoisting, and is hoisted into the foundation pit after the observation is safe. And a special worker is arranged on the site to command the hoisting operation, so that the order of the hoisting operation is ensured. And when the open caisson is hoisted to the bottom of the foundation pit and is 20cm away from the bottom of the foundation pit, arranging manual work for assistance, placing the open caisson at the position of the lime line distributed in the foundation pit, and then slowly lowering the open caisson until the open caisson is placed in place.
10 Backfilling the well construction platform; and (3) partially backfilling the excavated foundation pit, backfilling medium coarse sand within 1m of the periphery of the pit, backfilling each layer with the thickness of not more than 20cm, backfilling the backfill material by using a frog tamper, and backfilling and tamping mountain ground broken stones within 1m of the periphery of the pit.
11 Secondary well casing; after the operation platform construction is backfilled, secondary reinforcement, formwork supporting and concrete pouring are carried out on the prefabricated shaft (water stop steel plates are placed at the lap joints of the two pouring processes), the formwork supporting mode is the same as that of the primary prefabrication, the supporting mode of the support is adopted inside, the splicing closure is guaranteed, the formwork is supported outside in a mode of split bolts, and sinking construction is carried out after the formwork stripping required by the concrete strength is achieved.
By implementing the silt soil filled roadbed open caisson construction method, the upper part of the foundation pit adopts slope relief, so that the safety of the foundation pit is effectively improved, and the risk of soil wall collapse is reduced; the extrusion of mountain field broken stones on the sludge is reduced, the sinking stability of the open caisson is improved, the high-pressure jet grouting pile is adopted to be matched with the bottom of the well wall for foundation treatment, the problems of poor bearing capacity of the sludge and the like are effectively solved, the sinking construction accuracy of the open caisson is improved, and the problems of deflection, over-sinking and the like are avoided; and the stability of the foundation can be improved, and the safety of the construction process is ensured.
Although the present invention has been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure and the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A silt soil filled roadbed open caisson construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, measurement lofting:
step two, excavating a foundation pit to place a slope at the sinking position of the open caisson;
step three, draining water in the foundation pit;
fourthly, performing high-pressure jet grouting pile construction at the bottom of the well wall of the open caisson;
and step five, constructing the open caisson.
2. The method for constructing the silt soil filled roadbed caisson according to the claim 1, wherein in the first step, the position of a well position is determined, an excavation sideline is correspondingly released according to the depth of the broken stones in the excavation mountain field, and a white lime line is sprayed.
3. The mucky soil filled rock subgrade open caisson construction method according to claim 2, wherein in the second step, open excavation and first-stage slope setting are carried out on the foundation pit according to the distributed lime lines; the slope ratio of slope releasing is 1.
4. The method for constructing a silty soil filled stone roadbed caisson according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, a water collecting well is arranged at one corner of the foundation pit, so that water in the pit is concentrated at the water collecting well, a sedimentation tank is arranged at the edge of the foundation pit, a water pump is equipped according to the water amount in the groove, and the water in the water collecting well is discharged into the sedimentation tank, deposited and then discharged into a rainwater pipe network or a river channel.
5. The mucky soil filled stone roadbed caisson construction method of claim 4, wherein the sedimentation tank is a cuboid hard soil mixing sedimentation tank; and arranging a sedimentation tank at every three open caisson well positions.
6. The method for constructing the silt soil filled stone roadbed caisson according to the claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the height of the pile top of the high-pressure jet grouting pile is 20-40 cm higher than the horizontal plane, and the height of the pile bottom is at least 50cm below a hard soil layer.
7. The method for constructing the silt soil filled roadbed caisson according to the claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, a well barrel template adopts a customized fan-shaped wood template, and an internal support supporting mode is adopted.
8. The method for constructing a muddy soil filled stone roadbed caisson according to claim 7, wherein the edge foot supporting form of the caisson adopts a brick bedding method.
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| CN202211645356.1A CN115748785A (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Construction method of silt soil filled roadbed open caisson |
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| CN202211645356.1A CN115748785A (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Construction method of silt soil filled roadbed open caisson |
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Country or region after: China Address after: 264000 Huan Hai Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, Shandong Province, No. 80 Applicant after: Hailu (Yantai) Environmental Dredging Co.,Ltd. Address before: 264000 Huan Hai Road, Zhifu District, Yantai, Shandong Province, No. 80 Applicant before: CCCC TDC ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DREDGING Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information |