CN115747588B - Method for improving bonding strength of high-pressure cold spray coating of aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Method for improving bonding strength of high-pressure cold spray coating of aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the bonding strength of an aluminum alloy high-pressure cold spray coating. The aluminum alloy powder includes: 3.2 to 7.8 percent of Zn, 2.0 to 2.7 percent of Mg, 1.5 to 2.9 percent of Cu, 0.02 to 0.06 percent of Ti, 0.3 to 1.5 percent of C, 0.05 to 0.20 percent of Zr0.0 to 2.8 percent of Nd, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of Sr and the balance of Al. Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the area to be repaired, and carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using aluminum alloy powder; then, solution treatment was performed. The invention can apply the high-pressure cold spraying technology to the key bearing aluminum alloy parts, not only play a role in recovering the surface state of the high-strength aluminum alloy, but also realize the restoration of the strength and the function of the key parts, and play an important role in promoting the application of the high-pressure cold spraying technology to more industrial fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to cold spray additive remanufacturing of an aluminum alloy part of rail transit equipment, in particular to a method for improving the bonding strength of a high-pressure cold spray coating of the aluminum alloy part.
Background
The aluminum alloy material has the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, good corrosion resistance and the like, has wide application in the fields of transportation, vehicle manufacturing, aerospace and the like, and is an important material for light weight of high-speed rail, automobiles and aircrafts. The axle box is a key part of rail vehicles such as a high-speed train and a city rail subway, is made of 7050FD high-strength aluminum alloy, is installed in contact with a bogie frame carbon steel material, is affected by fretting wear and environmental factors in the running service process of the train, and is subjected to spalling of a protective coating to further cause galvanic corrosion caused by contact of heterogeneous materials, so that the loss of an aluminum alloy axle box installation surface material is often caused, the roughness exceeds the standard, the rejection rate of parts is high, and the parts are usually repaired in an updating repair mode in the industry at present. The method is restricted by the processing characteristics of the high-strength aluminum alloy, and the repair by using an arc overlaying or high-energy laser cladding technology inevitably causes the structural damage of the aluminum alloy substrate, so that the mechanical property of the area to be repaired is reduced, and the precision is reduced due to the deformation of precise parts caused by heat input.
At present, the cold spraying technology is adopted to remanufacture and repair the corrosion surface of the axle box body, but the common high-pressure cold spraying coating has lower bonding strength, and generally the bonding strength of the coating can only reach 40-60MPa, and the use requirement of high-standard parts of the train of the motor train unit (the bonding strength of the repairing coating needs to reach more than 100 MPa) cannot be met, so that development of a new technological means is urgently needed, the tissue density of the repairing coating is improved, and the bonding strength of the coating and a matrix is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
The invention provides aluminum alloy powder, which mainly comprises: al, zn, mg, cu, ti, C, zr, nd, sr, etc. According to the invention, rare earth elements are added, fine crystal strengthening is carried out on the powder, tiC hard particles are precipitated in situ in powder particles through the addition of Ti and C in alloy elements, the strength and hardness of the powder particles are improved, and particles with higher hardness than a base material can be effectively embedded into the surface of the base material in the process of impacting the surface of the base material at a high speed in the cold spraying process, so that the conventional aluminum alloy powder has higher interface bonding strength.
An aluminum alloy powder comprising, in weight percent: 2.0-2.7% of Mg, 3.2-7.8% of Zn, 1.0-2.8% of Nd, 0.3-1.5% of C, 0.05-0.20% of Zr, 1.5-2.9% of Cu, 0.02-0.06% of Ti, 0.01-0.08% of Sr0.08% of Al and the balance of Al.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the aluminum alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: nd1.2-2.5%, and/or Sr 0.02-0.06%. The research shows that the Nd element and the Sr element can improve the bonding strength of the coating and reduce the porosity within the content range.
In some embodiments, nd is contained at 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, or 2.5%.
In some embodiments, the composition contains 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, or 0.06% Sr
According to an embodiment of the invention, the aluminum alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.2-2.3% of Mg, 5.3-6.5% of Zn, 1.2-2.5% of Nd, 0.9-1.0% of C, 0.12-0.15% of Zr, 2.0-2.2% of Cu, 0.03-0.04% of Ti, 0.02-0.06% of Sr and the balance of Al.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the aluminum alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5.3% of Zn, 2.3% of Mg, 2.2% of Cu, 0.04% of Ti, 0.9% of C, 0.12% of Zr, 1.9% of Nd, 0.04% of Sr and the balance of Al.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the grain size of the aluminum alloy powder is 10-60 μm. Powder sieving can generally be performed using a screen. The research shows that the powder with the particle size range is more uniform and has good fluidity.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the aluminum alloy powder is prepared by adopting an atomization powder preparation method, for example, an argon atomization method is specifically adopted.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy powder, which comprises the following steps:
1) Proportioning the elements;
2) Heating and melting raw materials, and atomizing to prepare powder;
3) And drying the prepared powder, and screening to obtain the aluminum alloy powder.
The invention also comprises application of the aluminum alloy powder in aluminum alloy material repair, in particular to aluminum alloy materials used in the fields of high-speed rails, automobiles, aircrafts and the like. The method is applied to axle box repair of rail vehicles such as high-speed trains or urban rail subways in some specific examples. The axle box is made of 7050FD high-strength aluminum alloy.
Aiming at the engineering practice that the high-pressure cold spraying bonding strength of the high-strength aluminum alloy is low, the method for enhancing the high-pressure cold spraying bonding strength of the aluminum alloy is provided. The method can apply the high-pressure cold spraying technology to the key bearing aluminum alloy parts, not only play a role in recovering the surface state of the high-strength aluminum alloy, but also can realize the restoration of the strength and the function of the key parts, and plays an important role in promoting the application of the high-pressure cold spraying technology to more industrial fields.
The invention also provides a method for improving the bonding strength of the high-pressure cold spray coating of the aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
1) Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the area to be repaired;
2) Performing high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder;
3) And carrying out solution treatment on the workpiece subjected to spray repair.
Typically, the aluminum alloy powder of the present invention is subjected to a drying process prior to use, such as by placing it in a vacuum oven for drying. In some embodiments, the vacuum oven drying temperature is 60-70deg.C for 40-60min. And after drying, pouring the powder into a cold spraying powder feeding system for spraying.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the surface of the workpiece to be sprayed is subjected to sand blasting roughening treatment, the surface roughness is improved, and the spraying technological parameters are set according to the depth and the area of the repairing area. In some embodiments, the workpiece surface roughness after grit blasting reaches Ra5.0-7.6 μm, such as Ra5.8-7.6 μm.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the high pressure cold spray is at a temperature of 350-500 ℃, such as 400-500 ℃, and the gas pressure is 4.5-5.5MPa, such as 5-5.5MPa.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the speed (spray gun) of the high pressure cold spray is 250-350mm/s, e.g. 300mm/s.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the angle (spray gun) of the high pressure cold spray is 70-90 °.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the solution treatment is 400-500 ℃, such as 455-460 ℃, and the solution time is 30-60 min, such as 35-40min.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the high-pressure cold spraying is 350-500 ℃, the gas pressure is 4.5-5.5MPa, the speed of the high-pressure cold spraying is 250-350mm/s, the angle of the high-pressure cold spraying is 70-90 degrees, the temperature of the solution treatment is 400-500 ℃, and the solution time is 30-60 min. It has been found that under the preferred conditions, the powder particles undergo severe plastic deformation themselves when they collide with the matrix, and the surface of the matrix is recessed correspondingly, so that the powder particles and the matrix can have excellent bonding quality due to the influence of the surface roughness of the matrix. The internal porosity of the coating also correspondingly decreases or disappears.
The invention carries out heat treatment on the axle box body after the cold spraying after the high-pressure cold spraying, so that the cold spraying coating achieves extremely high bonding strength and extremely low porosity, solves the problems of low bonding strength and high porosity of the common high-pressure cold spraying coating, and ensures the service performance of the repaired parts.
The invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
compared with the existing cold spraying repair technology, the invention is based on the high-pressure cold spraying additive manufacturing technology, by optimizing the powder formula, introducing rare earth elements such as Nd, sr and the like, playing a role in fine grain strengthening, and adding Ti and C in alloy elements to precipitate TiC hard particles in situ in powder particles, improving the strength and hardness of the powder particles, reaching a better matching degree with the strength of a matrix, setting a lower spraying temperature in the spraying process to avoid excessive softening of the metal particles after being heated, endowing the particles with larger kinetic energy by higher gas pressure, generating enough flattening deformation in the depositing process, enhancing the compressive stress between the particles in the coating, forming a larger area pinning and rolling interlocking effect at an interface when the particles strike the matrix, simultaneously breaking oxide films on the powder and the surface of the matrix, forming metallurgical bonding points under the impact kinetic energy of the particles, and greatly enhancing the bonding performance. The axle box body subjected to spray repair is subjected to solution heat treatment, so that the internal gap can be contracted, the diffusion of interface elements is enhanced, the bonding surface is cured, and the bonding strength is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the morphology of the aluminum alloy powder prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cold spray repair coating prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cold spray repair coating prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in connection with examples and comparative examples, which are presented herein to illustrate at least one implementation of the invention, but the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically disclosed herein.
The following surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the following steps:
1) According to weight percentage, selecting 2.3 percent of pure Mg powder, 5.3 percent of pure Zn powder, 1.9 percent of Nd powder, 0.9 percent of graphite powder, 0.12 percent of Zr powder, 2.2 percent of Cu powder, 0.04 percent of Ti powder and 0.04 percent of Sr powder, and the balance of Al powder, placing the materials into a vacuum smelting furnace, carrying out argon atomization powder preparation at 800 ℃ after full melting, and cooling and collecting the materials.
2) And (3) sieving the powder by using a screen to obtain aluminum alloy powder with the particle size of 10-60 mu m.
The embodiment also provides a method for improving the bonding strength of the high-pressure cold spray coating of the aluminum alloy,
1) The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the embodiment is put into a vacuum drying furnace for drying for 40min at the drying temperature of 70 ℃;
2) Removing a corrosion layer on the surface to be repaired of the axle box body, keeping dry, performing sand blasting treatment, and measuring the surface roughness to be Ra7.6mu m after sand blasting;
carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder dried in the step 1), setting the air pressure of the high-pressure cold spraying to be 5.0MPa, the temperature of a spray gun to be 400 ℃, the speed of the spray gun to be 300mm/s and the angle of the spray gun to be 90 degrees;
3) And carrying out solution heat treatment on the repaired axle box body, wherein the treatment temperature is 455 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, and cooling is carried out at 60 ℃.
The microscopic morphology diagram of the aluminum alloy powder electron microscope prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1.
The aluminum alloy powder prepared by the method of the embodiment plays a role in fine-grain strengthening by adding rare earth elements, refines the grain size, inhibits the growth of grains, improves the mechanical strength of powder particles, and simultaneously precipitates TiC hard phases to further improve the strength of the powder particles.
According to the embodiment, the repairing coating is prepared by matching reasonable cold spraying process parameters, the repairing axle box body is subjected to solution heat treatment and strengthening, and finally, the bonding strength test is carried out according to GBT6396-2008 standard, the bonding strength of the coating reaches 126Mpa, and the porosity is lower than 0.2%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the following steps:
1) According to weight percentage, 2.2 percent of pure Mg powder, 6.5 percent of pure Zn powder, 1.5 percent of Nd powder, 1.0 percent of graphite powder, 0.15 percent of Zr powder, 2.0 percent of Cu powder, 0.03 percent of Ti powder and 0.05 percent of Sr powder are selected, and the balance of Al powder is put into a vacuum smelting furnace, is subjected to powder preparation by an argon atomization method at 800 ℃ after being fully melted, and is cooled and then is collected.
2) The powder was sieved using a sieve to obtain an aluminum alloy powder having a particle size of 15-55. Mu.m.
The embodiment also provides a method for improving the bonding strength of the high-pressure cold spray coating of the aluminum alloy,
1) The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the embodiment is put into a vacuum drying furnace for drying, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃ for 1 h;
2) Removing the corrosion layer on the surface to be repaired of the axle box body, keeping the surface to be repaired dry, and then carrying out sand blasting treatment, wherein the surface roughness after sand blasting is Ra5.8μm;
carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder dried in the step 1), setting the air pressure of the high-pressure cold spraying to be 5.5MPa, setting the temperature of a spray gun to be 500 ℃, setting the speed of the spray gun to be 300mm/s and setting the angle of the spray gun to be 70 degrees;
3) And carrying out solution heat treatment on the repaired axle box body, wherein the treatment temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 40min, and cooling is carried out at 65 ℃.
The aluminum alloy powder prepared by the method of the embodiment plays a role in fine-grain strengthening by adding rare earth elements, refines the grain size, inhibits the growth of the grains, generates TiC strengthening phases and improves the mechanical strength of powder particles.
The microscopic morphology diagram of the electron microscope of the internal structure of the cold spraying repair coating prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
In the embodiment, the repairing coating is prepared by matching reasonable cold spraying process parameters, the bonding strength test is carried out according to GBT6396-2008 standard, the bonding strength of the coating reaches 130Mpa, and the porosity is lower than 0.2%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the following steps:
1) According to weight percentage, selecting 2.2 percent of pure Mg powder, 6.5 percent of pure Zn powder, 2.5 percent of Nd powder, 1.0 percent of graphite powder, 0.15 percent of Zr powder, 2.0 percent of Cu powder, 0.03 percent of Ti powder and 0.06 percent of Sr powder, and the balance of Al powder, placing the materials into a vacuum smelting furnace, carrying out argon atomization powder preparation at 800 ℃ after full melting, and cooling and collecting the materials.
2) The powder was sieved using a sieve to obtain an aluminum alloy powder having a particle size of 15-55. Mu.m.
The embodiment also provides a method for improving the bonding strength of the high-pressure cold spray coating of the aluminum alloy,
1) The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the embodiment is put into a vacuum drying furnace for drying, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃ for 1 h;
2) Removing the corrosion layer on the surface to be repaired of the axle box body, keeping the surface to be repaired dry, and then carrying out sand blasting treatment, wherein the surface roughness after sand blasting is Ra5.8μm;
carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder dried in the step 1), setting the air pressure of the high-pressure cold spraying to be 5.5MPa, setting the temperature of a spray gun to be 500 ℃, setting the speed of the spray gun to be 300mm/s and setting the angle of the spray gun to be 90 degrees;
3) And carrying out solution heat treatment on the repaired axle box body, wherein the treatment temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 40min, and cooling is carried out at 65 ℃.
The aluminum alloy powder prepared by the method of the embodiment plays a role in fine-grain strengthening by adding rare earth elements, refines the grain size, inhibits the growth of the grains, generates TiC strengthening phases and improves the mechanical strength of powder particles.
In the embodiment, the repairing coating is prepared by matching reasonable cold spraying process parameters, the bonding strength test is carried out according to GBT6396-2008 standard, the bonding strength of the coating reaches 135Mpa, and the porosity is lower than 0.2%.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared by the following steps:
1) According to weight percentage, 2.2 percent of pure Mg powder, 6.5 percent of pure Zn powder, 1.2 percent of Nd powder, 1.0 percent of graphite powder, 0.15 percent of Zr powder, 2.0 percent of Cu powder, 0.03 percent of Ti powder and 0.02 percent of Sr powder are selected, and the balance of Al powder is put into a vacuum smelting furnace, is subjected to powder preparation by an argon atomization method at 800 ℃ after being fully melted, and is cooled and then is collected.
2) The powder was sieved using a sieve to obtain an aluminum alloy powder having a particle size of 15-55. Mu.m.
The embodiment also provides a method for improving the bonding strength of the high-pressure cold spray coating of the aluminum alloy,
1) The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the embodiment is put into a vacuum drying furnace for drying, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃ for 1 h;
2) Removing the corrosion layer on the surface to be repaired of the axle box body, keeping the surface to be repaired dry, and then carrying out sand blasting treatment, wherein the surface roughness after sand blasting is Ra5.8μm;
carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder dried in the step 1), setting the air pressure of the high-pressure cold spraying to be 5.5MPa, setting the temperature of a spray gun to be 500 ℃, setting the speed of the spray gun to be 300mm/s and setting the angle of the spray gun to be 90 degrees;
3) And carrying out solution heat treatment on the repaired axle box body, wherein the treatment temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 40min, and cooling is carried out at 65 ℃.
The aluminum alloy powder prepared by the method of the embodiment plays a role in fine-grain strengthening by adding rare earth elements, refines the grain size, inhibits the growth of the grains, generates TiC strengthening phases and improves the mechanical strength of powder particles.
In the embodiment, the repairing coating is prepared by matching reasonable cold spraying process parameters, the bonding strength test is carried out according to GBT6396-2008 standard, the bonding strength of the coating reaches 125Mpa, and the porosity is lower than 0.2%.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared as follows:
1) According to weight percentage, selecting 2.2 percent of pure Mg powder, 6.5 percent of pure Zn powder, 1.0 percent of graphite powder, 0.15 percent of Zr powder, 2.0 percent of Cu powder, 0.03 percent of Ti powder and the balance of Al powder, putting the materials into a vacuum smelting furnace, carrying out argon atomization method powder preparation at 800 ℃ after full melting, and collecting after cooling.
2) The powder was sieved using a sieve to obtain an aluminum alloy powder having a particle size of 15-55. Mu.m.
The comparative example also provides a method for improving the bonding strength of the high-pressure cold spray coating of the aluminum alloy,
1) The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the comparative example is put into a vacuum drying furnace for drying, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃ for 1 h;
2) Removing the corrosion layer on the surface to be repaired of the axle box body, keeping the surface to be repaired dry, and then carrying out sand blasting treatment, wherein the surface roughness after sand blasting is Ra5.8μm;
carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder dried in the step 1), setting the pressure of high-pressure cold spraying gas to be 3.5MPa, setting the temperature of a spray gun to be 500 ℃, setting the speed of the spray gun to be 300mm/s and setting the angle of the spray gun to be 70 degrees;
the microscopic morphology diagram of the cold spray repair coating prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 3.
The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the comparative example has no rare earth element addition, the powder particles are not sufficiently reinforced, no hard phase is generated, and the strength of the matrix is difficult to match, so that a large amount of pinning anchoring effect cannot be formed at the interface of the matrix, and due to the fact that lower spraying gas pressure is adopted, no sufficient compressive stress is generated in the coating, solution heat treatment is not performed after spraying, the porosity is high, the bonding strength test is performed according to GBT6396-2008 standard, the bonding strength of the coating is only 48Mpa, and the porosity is 0.8%.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a method of improving the bond strength of an aluminum alloy high pressure cold spray coating,
1) The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the example 2 is put into a vacuum drying furnace for drying for 1h at the drying temperature of 70 ℃;
2) Removing the corrosion layer on the surface to be repaired of the axle box body, keeping the surface to be repaired dry, and then carrying out sand blasting treatment, wherein the surface roughness after sand blasting is Ra5.8μm;
carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder dried in the step 1), setting the pressure of high-pressure cold spraying gas to be 3.5MPa, setting the temperature of a spray gun to be 500 ℃, setting the speed of the spray gun to be 300mm/s and setting the angle of the spray gun to be 70 degrees;
3) And (3) carrying out heat treatment on the repaired axle box body, wherein the solution treatment temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 40min, and cooling is carried out at 65 ℃.
The comparative example adopts lower spraying gas pressure, has limited accelerating effect on powder particles, has general plastic deformation degree of the particles, does not generate enough compressive stress in the coating, and has higher porosity, and the bonding strength of the coating is only 47Mpa and the porosity is 1.2 percent according to GBT6396-2008 standard.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a method of improving the bond strength of an aluminum alloy high pressure cold spray coating,
1) The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the example 2 is put into a vacuum drying furnace for drying, and the drying temperature is 70 ℃ for 1 h;
2) Removing the corrosion layer on the surface to be repaired of the axle box body, keeping the surface to be repaired dry, and then carrying out sand blasting treatment, wherein the surface roughness after sand blasting is Ra5.8μm;
carrying out high-pressure cold spraying by using the aluminum alloy powder dried in the step 1), setting the pressure of high-pressure cold spraying gas to be 5.5MPa, setting the temperature of a spray gun to be 500 ℃, setting the speed of the spray gun to be 300mm/s and setting the angle of the spray gun to be 70 degrees;
the comparative example uses higher spray gas pressure, but solid solution strengthening after spray is not performed, internal defects cannot be further eliminated, interface element diffusion is enhanced, a bonding surface is solidified, bonding strength test is performed according to GBT6396-2008 standard, coating bonding strength is 89Mpa, and porosity is 0.8%.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides an aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared as follows:
1) According to weight percentage, selecting 2.3 percent of pure Mg powder, 5.3 percent of pure Zn powder, 0.9 percent of Nd powder, 0.9 percent of graphite powder, 0.12 percent of Zr powder, 2.2 percent of Cu powder, 0.04 percent of Ti powder and 0.01 percent of Sr powder, and the balance of Al powder, placing the materials into a vacuum smelting furnace, carrying out argon atomization powder preparation at 800 ℃ after full melting, and cooling and collecting the materials.
2) The powder was sieved using a sieve to obtain an aluminum alloy powder having a particle size of 15-55. Mu.m.
The axle box was repaired in the same manner as in example 1 using the aluminum alloy powder prepared in this comparative example. The aluminum alloy powder prepared in this comparative example was subjected to a bond strength test according to GBT6396-2008 standard with a coating bond strength of 103Mpa and a porosity of 0.3% with a reduced addition amount of Nd element and Sr element, and the powder hardening effect was affected.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides an aluminum alloy powder, which is prepared as follows:
1) According to weight percentage, 2.3 percent of pure Mg powder, 5.3 percent of pure Zn powder, 3.0 percent of Nd powder, 0.9 percent of graphite powder, 0.12 percent of Zr powder, 2.2 percent of Cu powder, 0.04 percent of Ti powder and 0.1 percent of Sr powder are selected, and the balance of Al is put into a vacuum smelting furnace, is subjected to powder preparation by an argon atomization method at 800 ℃ after being fully melted, and is cooled and then is collected.
2) The powder was sieved using a sieve to obtain an aluminum alloy powder having a particle size of 15-55. Mu.m.
The axle box was repaired in the same manner as in example 1 using the aluminum alloy powder prepared in this comparative example. The aluminum alloy powder prepared in the comparative example increases the addition amount of Nd element and Sr element, is easy to cause powder inclusion, increases the porosity, and has loose internal structure according to GBT6396-2008 standard for bonding strength test, wherein the bonding strength of the coating is 92Mpa, and the porosity is 0.7%.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (12)
1. An aluminum alloy powder, characterized by comprising, in weight percent: 3.2 to 7.8 percent of Zn, 2.0 to 2.7 percent of Mg, 1.5 to 2.9 percent of Cu, 0.02 to 0.06 percent of Ti, 0.3 to 1.5 percent of C, 0.05 to 0.20 percent of Zr, 1.0 to 2.8 percent of Nd1.0 to 0.08 percent of Sr and the balance of Al.
2. The aluminum alloy powder according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed aluminum alloy powder contains, in weight percent: nd1.2-2.5%, and/or Sr 0.02-0.06%.
3. The aluminum alloy powder of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy powder comprises, in weight percent: 2.2-2.3% of Mg, 5.3-6.5% of Zn, 1.2-2.5% of Nd, 0.9-1.0% of C, 0.12-0.15% of Zr, 2.0-2.2% of Cu, 0.03-0.04% of Ti, 0.02-0.06% of Sr and the balance of Al.
4. An aluminium alloy powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aluminium alloy powder has a particle size of 10 to 60 μm.
5. The method for producing an aluminum alloy powder as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
1) Proportioning the elements;
2) Heating and melting raw materials, and atomizing to prepare powder;
3) And drying the prepared powder, and screening to obtain the aluminum alloy powder.
6. The method of producing aluminum alloy powder according to claim 5, wherein the atomized powder preparation is performed by an argon atomization method.
7. An aluminum alloy powder produced by the method of claim 5 or 6.
8. Use of the aluminium alloy powder according to any one of claims 1-4, 7 for the repair of aluminium alloy materials.
9. A method for improving the bonding strength of a high-pressure cold spray coating of an aluminum alloy, comprising:
1) Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the area to be repaired;
2) High pressure cold spraying using the aluminum alloy powder of any one of claims 1-4, 7;
3) And carrying out solution treatment on the workpiece subjected to spray repair.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the workpiece has a surface roughness of ra5.0-7.6 μm after grit blasting.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the workpiece has a surface roughness of ra5.8-7.6 μm after grit blasting.
12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the high pressure cold spray is at a temperature of 350-500 ℃ and the gas pressure is 4.5-5.5MPa; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the temperature of the solid solution treatment is 400-500 ℃ and the solid solution time is 30-60 min.
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| PCT/CN2023/120345 WO2024078291A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 | 2023-09-21 | Method and device for repairing damage of mounting surface of axle box body |
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| CN112157269A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-01 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of cold spray coating based on heat treatment of aluminum alloy powder |
| CN113227421A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-08-06 | Hrl实验室有限责任公司 | Additive manufactured high temperature aluminum alloy and raw materials for manufacturing same |
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| CN101082087A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2007-12-05 | 江苏技术师范学院 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy semi solid-state slurry |
| CN108085674A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of engine cylinder aluminum alloy materials |
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