CN101082087A - Preparation method of aluminum alloy semi solid-state slurry - Google Patents

Preparation method of aluminum alloy semi solid-state slurry Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101082087A
CN101082087A CN 200710023982 CN200710023982A CN101082087A CN 101082087 A CN101082087 A CN 101082087A CN 200710023982 CN200710023982 CN 200710023982 CN 200710023982 A CN200710023982 A CN 200710023982A CN 101082087 A CN101082087 A CN 101082087A
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aluminium alloy
semi
powder
preparation
solid slurry
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CN 200710023982
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CN100507035C (en
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李小平
于赟
雷卫宁
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Linyi High Tech Urban And Rural Development Co ltd
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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Abstract

The present invention discloses process of preparing semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry. The process includes the following steps: 1. preparing aluminum alloy powder through high pressure inert gas atomizing or jet molding; 2. heating partial aluminum alloy into melt and maintaining in semi-solidifying temperature region; and 3. mixing the aluminum alloy powder and the aluminum alloy melt through stirring to obtain semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry. The process of the present invention can produce semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry with fine structure in short period, simple apparatus and low cost.

Description

The preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry
Technical field
The invention belongs to the semi-solid-state metal manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry.
Background technology
The semi-solid-state metal processing technology has many good characteristics, is developed rapidly in recent years.Utilize the semi-solid processing method can produce complex-shaped component, as automobile drag cylinder body and aluminium alloy wheel hub, the conditioning unit parts turn to and the transmission system part, piston, the interconnecting piece of the electron device that uses on the aerospace etc.
The slurry that the semi-solid-state metal processing request is used for moulding has even, tiny, equiaxial non-dendritic structure, and slurry obtains by pulping process.Therefore, the ideal tissue (being slurry) that has the semi-solid-state metal moulding by the pulping process acquisition is the basis and key of semi-solid-state metal forming technique, also is the emphasis problem in semi-solid state molding research field.
What generally adopt at present is to smash dendrite by methods such as mechanical stirring, induction stirring, obtains semi solid slurry.For example Chinese patent CN1746327A discloses a kind of method of utilizing magnetic stirrer to prepare semi-solid aluminium alloy size, Chinese patent CN1740369A discloses and has utilized electromagnetic mixing apparatus and mechanical stirrer to prepare the aluminium 20 tin semi solid slurry method simultaneously, and Chinese patent CN1858278A discloses a kind of method of utilizing mechanical stirrer to prepare aluminium 20 tin semi solid slurry.
Above-mentioned several mode all requires crystalline dendrite is smashed, therefore need bigger shearing force, and because crystallization is in the semi-solid temperature interval, the liquid content height, elder generation's crystalline grain growing speed is fast, is difficult to obtain tiny, the subglobose semi solid slurry of crystal grain, and technological process is restive, and energy expenditure is big, the complicated cost height of device structure.
The high-pressure inert gas atomization is the method that a kind of physics prepares powder, and it mainly is to utilize high speed airflow directly to smash liquid metal or alloy is produced powder, is the most frequently used method of powdered preparation.
Spray forming technology is a kind of advanced material technology of preparing for preparing the large block compact metallic substance with quick setting method, and have that semi-solid-state shaping, near-net-shape are shaped concurrently and characteristics such as quick solidification forming, through nearly 30 years development, entered wide range of commercial at present and used.But, in the reaction-injection moulding process, high-pressure inert gas is atomized into alloy melt and produces turbulent flow after high-speed jet that fine drop forms arrives matrix, make except that most metal deposition is on the matrix of definite shape, also having becomes fines behind a fraction of alloy graining and is suspended in the spray chamber, has formed the byproduct-over-spray powder of reaction-injection moulding.These powder can not remelting carry out reuse except that doing some special purposes, along with the continuous increase that reaction-injection moulding is produced, these powder will cause and overstock or waste.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provides the preparation method of the aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry that a kind of technological process is simple, device structure is simple, cost is low at the deficiency in the background technology.
Inventive concept of the present invention is: the powder of tiny, the subglobose equiaxed crystal structure of crystal grain that adopts method (byproduct that obtains in the reaction-injection moulding process or directly the adopt rare gas element to atomize) preparation of rapid solidification, join in the metal melt of composition of the same race and stirred, obtain the semi solid slurry that fine tissue is formed in a short period of time.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry, have following steps: 1. obtain Al alloy powder: the method for aluminium alloy by high-pressure inert gas atomizing obtained the aluminium alloy atomized powder, perhaps collect the aluminium alloy over-spray powder that the method for aluminium alloy by reaction-injection moulding obtained; 2. will make aluminium alloy melt with the other aluminium alloy heating of the aluminium alloy identical component of step in 1., and in the semicure temperature range, be incubated; 3. in insulating process, the Al alloy powder that 1. step is obtained joins in the aluminium alloy melt that 2. step make and stirs, and makes aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry.
1. above-mentioned steps is Al with the composition of the aluminium alloy of step described in 2. aM bN cWherein a, b, c are parts by weight, a+b+c=100,86≤a≤100,0≤b≤13,0≤c≤1; M is at least a among Mg, Si, Cu, the Zn; N is a kind of among Mn, Ti, Fe, the Cr or two kinds or three kinds.
The median size of 1. described atomized powder of above-mentioned steps or over-spray powder is 40 μ m~60 μ m.
The method of the high-pressure inert gas atomizing of above-mentioned steps described in 1. is meant and will directly be atomized into fine drop by high-pressure inert gas behind the aluminum alloy melting, collects after solidifying, and sieves and promptly gets the aluminium alloy atomized powder.
The semicure temperature range of above-mentioned steps described in 2. is 550 ℃~650 ℃.
Above-mentioned steps 3. in the add-on of powder and the mass ratio of melt be 1: 10~1: 2, churning time is 2~10 minutes.
The positively effect that the present invention has: (1) is because the aluminium alloy atomized powder after the atomizing itself is the particle of rapid solidification, interior tissue crystal grain is tiny and be equi-axed crystal, it is joined the speed of cooling that has improved metal melt in the metal melt, increase particle condensate depression on every side, promote the nucleation of metal melt, thereby can obtain the semi solid slurry that fine tissue is formed in a short period of time, satisfy the needs of semi-solid processing.(2) also have a fraction of micro-alloy powder to be suspended in the spray chamber in the reaction-injection moulding process, these are tiny, subglobose byproduct aluminium alloy over-spray powder is the particle of rapid solidification equally, interior tissue crystal grain is tiny and be equi-axed crystal, also can reach effect of the present invention, avoid waste like this, saved cost.(3) mass ratio of powder particle of the present invention and metal melt is adjustable, can obtain having the semi-solid aluminium alloy size of good rheological property like this.(4) the present invention does not need the mechanical stirring of big shearing force and the complex apparatus in the induction stirring, and technological process is simplified greatly.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 (preparations of 6061 aluminium alloy semi-solid slurries)
The composition of 6061 aluminium alloys of present embodiment is 1.0Mg-0.65Si-0.35Cu-0.20Cr, and surplus is Al.
1. be atomized into fine drop with high-pressure inert gas behind 6061 aluminum alloy meltings with 20kg, collect after waiting to solidify, cross 200 mesh sieves, obtaining median size is the aluminium alloy atomized powder of 60 μ m;
2. 6061 aluminium alloys of 20kg are heated to 720 ℃ and are fused into metal melt, metal melt is cooled to 650 ℃ of the following temperature of liquidus line, and is incubated in this temperature after concise;
3. get the aluminium alloy atomized powder that 1. the 2kg step obtain in the insulating process and join in the metal melt, stir and promptly obtained having aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry even, tiny, equiaxial non-dendritic structure in 2 minutes.
Embodiment 2 (preparation of A356 aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry)
The composition of the A356 aluminium alloy of present embodiment is 6.8Si-0.3Mg-0.2Cu-0.1Mn-0.2Ti, and surplus is Al.
1. collect the aluminium alloy over-spray powder that is suspended in the A356 aluminium alloy reaction-injection moulding process in the spray chamber, cross 200 mesh sieves, obtaining median size is the aluminium alloy over-spray powder of 40 μ m;
2. the heating of the A356 aluminium alloy of 20kg is fused into metal melt for 700 ℃, metal melt is cooled to 590 ℃ of the following temperature of liquidus line, and is incubated in this temperature after concise;
3. get the aluminium alloy over-spray powder that 1. the 4kg step obtain in the insulating process and join in the metal melt, stir and promptly obtained having aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry even, tiny, equiaxial non-dendritic structure in 5 minutes.
Embodiment 3 (preparations of 7075 aluminium alloy semi-solid slurries)
The composition of 7075 aluminium alloys of present embodiment is 5.6Zn-2.8Mg-1.7Cu-0.4Si-0.2Cr, and surplus is Al.
1. be atomized into fine drop with high-pressure inert gas behind 7075 aluminum alloy meltings with 20kg, collect after waiting to solidify, cross 200 mesh sieves, obtaining median size is the aluminium alloy atomized powder of 50 μ m;
2. the heating of 7075 aluminium alloys of 20kg is fused into metal melt for 750 ℃, metal melt is cooled to 550 ℃ of the following temperature of liquidus line, and is incubated in this temperature after concise;
3. get the aluminium alloy atomized powder that 1. the 10kg step obtain in the insulating process and join in the metal melt, stir and promptly obtained having aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry even, tiny, equiaxial non-dendritic structure in 10 minutes.
Embodiment 4 (preparations of 2024 aluminium alloy semi-solid slurries)
The composition of 2024 aluminium alloys of present embodiment is 4.4Cu-1.5Mg-0.4Mn-0.5Fe, and surplus is Al.
1. collect the aluminium alloy over-spray powder that is suspended in the 2024 aluminium alloy reaction-injection moulding processes in the spray chamber, cross 200 mesh sieves, obtaining median size is the aluminium alloy over-spray powder of 40 μ m;
2. the heating of 2024 aluminium alloys of 20kg is fused into metal melt for 700 ℃, metal melt is cooled to 610 ℃ of the following temperature of liquidus line, and is incubated in this temperature after concise;
3. get the aluminium alloy over-spray powder that 1. the 5kg step obtain in the insulating process and join in the metal melt, stir and promptly obtained having aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry even, tiny, equiaxial non-dendritic structure in 6 minutes.
Aluminum alloy materials of the present invention comprises that also other meet Al except above four kinds aM bN cAluminium alloy.
Wherein M can also be other any three kinds of metallic combinations or other any two kinds of metallic combinations or any one metal that can form alloy among Mg, Si, Cu, the Zn except the combination of the cited Mg of embodiment, Si, Cu, four kinds of metallic combinations of Zn, Mg, Si, three kinds of metallic combinations of Cu and Cu and Mg.
N can also be any three kinds of metallic combinations or other any two kinds of metallic combinations or other any one metals that can form alloy among Mn, Ti, Fe, the Cr except the combination of the combination of the cited Cr of embodiment, Mn and Fe and Mn and Ti.
The concrete processing parameter and the material mechanical performance of various embodiments of the present invention see Table 1
Table 1
Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4
Aluminum alloy materials 6061 A356 7075 2024
Al content (wt%) 97.8 92.4 89.3 93.2
The mass ratio of powder and melt 1∶10 1∶5 1∶2 1∶4
Powder median size (μ m) 60 40 50 40
The semi-solid state holding temperature (℃) 650 590 550 610
Churning time (minute) 2 5 10 6
Yield strength (Mpa) 314 286 573 379
Tensile strength (Mpa) 330 305 652 478
Unit elongation (%) 14.3 5.3 12.9 10

Claims (7)

1, a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry is characterized in that having following steps:
1. obtain Al alloy powder: the method for aluminium alloy by high-pressure inert gas atomizing obtained the aluminium alloy atomized powder, perhaps collect the aluminium alloy over-spray powder that the method for aluminium alloy by reaction-injection moulding obtained;
2. will make aluminium alloy melt with the other aluminium alloy heating of the aluminium alloy identical component of step in 1., and in the semicure temperature range, be incubated;
3. in insulating process, the Al alloy powder that 1. step is obtained joins in the aluminium alloy melt that 2. step make and stirs, and makes aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry.
2, the preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: 1. step is Al with the composition of the aluminium alloy of step described in 2. aM bN cWherein a, b, c are parts by weight, a+b+c=100,86≤a≤100,0≤b≤13,0≤c≤1; M is at least a among Mg, Si, Cu, the Zn; N is a kind of among Mn, Ti, Fe, the Cr or two kinds or three kinds.
3, the preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the median size of 1. described atomized powder of step or over-spray powder is 40 μ m~60 μ m.
4, the preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for the high-pressure inert gas atomizing of step described in 1. is meant and will be atomized into fine drop by high-pressure inert gas behind the aluminum alloy melting, collect after solidifying, sieve and promptly get the aluminium alloy atomized powder.
5, the preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the semicure temperature range of step described in 2. is 550 ℃~650 ℃.
6, the preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 3. in the add-on of powder and the mass ratio of melt be 1: 10~1: 2.
7, the preparation method of aluminium alloy semi-solid slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the churning time of step in 3. is 2~10 minutes.
CN 200710023982 2007-07-02 2007-07-02 Preparation method of aluminum alloy semi solid-state slurry Expired - Fee Related CN100507035C (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101440440B (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-04-13 江苏技术师范学院 Aluminum based composite material and method and apparatus for forming aluminum based composite material part
CN104232954A (en) * 2014-09-19 2014-12-24 湖南文昌科技有限公司 Device and method for preparing composite material by adopting semi-solid stirring
CN110538587A (en) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-06 福建省鼎智新材料科技有限公司 Powder spraying semi-solid pulping device based on gas stirring and working method thereof
CN111362287A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-03 辽宁瑞鸥新材料科技有限公司 MgOHCl aerosol for preparing magnesium alloy semi-solid slurry and use method thereof
CN111922345A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-11-13 中南大学 Comprehensive utilization method of powder by-product generated in spray forming process and application of product
CN115747588A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-07 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Method for improving bonding strength of aluminum alloy high-pressure cold spraying coating

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100365143C (en) * 2006-06-08 2008-01-30 北京交通大学 Method for preparing aluminium 20 tin semi solid slurry by mechanically stirring

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101440440B (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-04-13 江苏技术师范学院 Aluminum based composite material and method and apparatus for forming aluminum based composite material part
CN104232954A (en) * 2014-09-19 2014-12-24 湖南文昌科技有限公司 Device and method for preparing composite material by adopting semi-solid stirring
CN110538587A (en) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-06 福建省鼎智新材料科技有限公司 Powder spraying semi-solid pulping device based on gas stirring and working method thereof
CN110538587B (en) * 2019-09-12 2022-03-08 福建省鼎智新材料科技有限公司 Powder spraying semi-solid pulping device based on gas stirring and working method thereof
CN111362287A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-03 辽宁瑞鸥新材料科技有限公司 MgOHCl aerosol for preparing magnesium alloy semi-solid slurry and use method thereof
CN111362287B (en) * 2020-03-20 2022-04-01 辽宁瑞鸥新材料科技有限公司 MgOHCl aerosol for preparing magnesium alloy semi-solid slurry and use method thereof
CN111922345A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-11-13 中南大学 Comprehensive utilization method of powder by-product generated in spray forming process and application of product
CN111922345B (en) * 2020-06-08 2021-09-28 中南大学 Comprehensive utilization method of powder by-product generated in spray forming process and application of product
CN115747588A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-03-07 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Method for improving bonding strength of aluminum alloy high-pressure cold spraying coating
CN115747588B (en) * 2022-11-30 2024-02-23 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Method for improving bonding strength of high-pressure cold spray coating of aluminum alloy

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