CN115746576B - Environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115746576B
CN115746576B CN202211407980.8A CN202211407980A CN115746576B CN 115746576 B CN115746576 B CN 115746576B CN 202211407980 A CN202211407980 A CN 202211407980A CN 115746576 B CN115746576 B CN 115746576B
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film
bamboo
drying
mulching film
parts
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CN115746576A (en
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肖安国
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Hunan University of Arts and Science
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Hunan University of Arts and Science
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

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Abstract

The invention relates to an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film, which comprises the following components: 10-15 parts of bamboo powder, 4-6 parts of corn starch, 1-2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.15 part of cross-linking agent; the invention also relates to a preparation method of the green and environment-friendly agricultural mulching film, which comprises the following steps: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol into water, adding corn starch, gelatinizing, adding bamboo powder and a plasticizer, stirring, adding a cross-linking agent, stirring for a period of time at a certain temperature, pouring into a template while hot, casting to form a film, drying, sizing on two sides, and drying for a period of time at room temperature to obtain a bamboo mulch film; the invention not only improves the added value of bamboo products, but also solves the problem that the existing degradable mulching film is difficult to replace plastic mulching film due to the problems of high price, non-environmental protection in the production process and the like.

Description

Environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural materials, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to improve the crop yield, a layer of mulching film is covered in the crop growth process to protect soil moisture and nutrients, stabilize humidity, promote crop growth and prolong the crop growth period. However, the commonly used plastic mulching film is difficult to degrade, and fragments formed after the plastic mulching film is used seriously damage the soil structure, harm the ecological environment, influence the human health and the like. At present, the degradable mulching film is actively researched and developed at home and abroad, particularly the degradable mulching film in China, the United states, french and other countries has high level, and the synthetic polymer type biodegradable mulching film and the natural polymer type biodegradable mulching film are researched and developed. Although the biodegradable mulching films have good mechanical properties and excellent degradation properties, the biodegradable mulching films have high cost and are not suitable for replacing non-degradable plastic mulching films, so that large-scale agricultural use is realized.
The mulching film is prepared by using plant fibers, fibers are required to be extracted, a large amount of sewage is generated in the fiber extraction process, and the sewage can be discharged after reaching the standard through treatment, and the sewage has complex components, high treatment difficulty and high cost. The invention takes bamboo as raw material, utilizes the whole components without extracting fibers, grinds the bamboo into bamboo powder, adopts a blending physical method to directly prepare the mulching film, is environment-friendly, has simple process and low cost, can be biodegraded, and can completely replace the plastic mulching film used in large scale at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and a preparation method thereof, which not only improve the added value of bamboo products, but also solve the problem that the existing degradable mulching film is difficult to replace a plastic mulching film due to the problems of high price, non-environment-friendly production process and the like.
The invention provides an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film, which is characterized by comprising the following components: 10-15 parts of bamboo powder, 4-6 parts of corn starch, 1-2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.15 part of cross-linking agent, wherein the molecular weight of the corn starch is 50000.
Further, the plasticizer is glycerin and ethylene glycol.
Further, the mass ratio of the glycerol to the ethylene glycol is 7:3.
Further, the cross-linking agent is borax.
Further, the thickness of the agricultural mulching film is as follows: 50-100 mu m; the sizing thickness is more than or equal to 5 mu m; 100% of organic components; the relative biological decomposition rate is 100 percent.
The preparation method of the green and environment-friendly agricultural mulching film is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol into water, adding corn starch, and gelatinizing;
B. then adding bamboo powder and plasticizer, and stirring;
C. Then adding a cross-linking agent, stirring for a period of time at a certain temperature, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying;
D. and after double-sided sizing, drying for a period of time at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Further, the water temperature in the step A is 90 ℃.
Further, the stirring time in the step B is 30min.
Further, the temperature in the step C is 80-95 ℃, the stirring time is 2-3 h, and the drying time is 24h.
Further, the sizing agent in the step D is alkyl ketene dimer, and the drying time is 48 hours.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention develops a novel bamboo mulch film for rich bamboo resources in southern areas such as Fujian, guangxi, hunan, guangdong and the like from the Yangtze river, and is widely applied to cultivation of crops; the bamboo mulch film is produced by adopting biodegradable materials, and can be gradually degraded and absorbed by soil under the natural condition of the use process, so that the problems of destroying the soil structure, affecting the survival of microorganisms, exchanging moisture and gas and the like caused by the use of the plastic mulch film are alleviated; the bamboo mulch film solves the problems that the current bamboo products are low in price, low in bamboo utilization rate and idle and wasteful, the bamboo is utilized in a high-quality mode, the added value of the bamboo is increased by thirty times, and the commonly used plastic mulch film is difficult to degrade, and fragments formed after the bamboo mulch film is used seriously damage the soil structure, harm the ecological environment, influence the human health and the like.
The invention adopts a simple mechanical method to crush and crush the dried bamboo into micron-sized bamboo powder; preparing a biomass-based adhesive by modifying corn starch; selecting polymer with excellent hydrophilicity such as polyvinyl alcohol as film forming agent; the bamboo powder and the adhesive are fully mixed, crosslinked, cast, dried, glued, shaped, rolled and the like to prepare the thickness-controllable applicable bamboo mulch film. In the preparation of the bamboo mulch film, the whole components utilize bamboo, the processes of separating and extracting bamboo fibers are avoided, and the problems of environmental pollution caused by solid waste, sewage, waste gas and the like are avoided.
Detailed Description
Example 1
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water at 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 2
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 5g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 3
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 4g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 4
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water at 90 ℃, 4g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 15g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 5
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 5g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 15g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 6
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 15g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 7
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 3g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol of 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to form paste;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 8
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 5g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then adding 14g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder, adding 3g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol of 7:3, stirring for 30min, and stirring into paste;
Then adding 0.15g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 9
1G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 10
1G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.15g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Comparative example 1
Bamboo fibers were used instead of bamboo powder, and the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Comparative example 2
The plasticizer was ethylene glycol 3g, otherwise as in example 1.
The agricultural mulch films obtained in example 1, example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were subjected to mechanical property test, and the obtained results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 mulch film performance test results
From the data of example 1 and comparative example 1, the mechanical properties of the mulch film obtained by adding the bamboo powder and adding the bamboo fiber are equivalent, but the bamboo powder does not need the steps of separation and extraction, and the mulch film prepared by using the bamboo powder is more environment-friendly.
From example 1 and comparative example 2, a plastic film having better mechanical properties was obtained by reacting glycerol with a plasticizer of ethylene glycol, as compared with using ethylene glycol alone.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined under the idea of the present disclosure, the steps may be implemented in any order, and many other variations exist in the different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for simplicity.
The present application is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, any omissions, modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like, which are within the spirit and principles of the one or more embodiments of the application, are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (5)

1. The green and environment-friendly agricultural mulching film is characterized by comprising the following components: 10-15 parts of bamboo powder, 4-6 parts of corn starch, 1-2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.15 part of cross-linking agent;
The plasticizer is a mixture of glycerol and ethylene glycol;
the mass ratio of the glycerol to the ethylene glycol is 7:3;
the cross-linking agent is borax;
the thickness of the agricultural mulching film is as follows: 50-100 mu m; the sizing thickness is more than or equal to 5 mu m; 100% of organic components; relative biological decomposition rate 100%;
the preparation method of the agricultural mulching film comprises the following steps:
A. Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol into water, adding corn starch, and gelatinizing;
B. then adding bamboo powder and plasticizer, and stirring;
C. Then adding a cross-linking agent, stirring for a period of time at a certain temperature, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying;
D. drying for a period of time under the room temperature condition after double-sided sizing to obtain an agricultural mulching film;
The bamboo powder is micron-sized bamboo powder obtained by crushing and pulverizing dried bamboo.
2. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the water temperature in the step a is 90 ℃.
3. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the stirring time in the step B is 30 minutes.
4. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in the step C is 80-95 ℃, the stirring time is 2-3 hours, and the drying time is 24 hours.
5. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the sizing agent in the step D is an alkyl ketene dimer, and the drying time is 48 hours.
CN202211407980.8A 2022-11-10 2022-11-10 Environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and preparation method thereof Active CN115746576B (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107383436A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-11-24 陕西理工大学 A kind of Biodegradable mulch
CN113355949A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-07 浙江理工大学 Preparation method of paper-based mulching film

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111269513A (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-12 广东聚益新材有限公司 Application of plant powder, polyvinyl alcohol film plasticizer, polyvinyl alcohol composition, polyvinyl alcohol film master batch and film
CN111548611A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-08-18 汕头市雷氏塑化科技有限公司 High-density bamboo powder/PBAT/polylactic acid biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107383436A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-11-24 陕西理工大学 A kind of Biodegradable mulch
CN113355949A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-07 浙江理工大学 Preparation method of paper-based mulching film

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