CN115746576B - Environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115746576B CN115746576B CN202211407980.8A CN202211407980A CN115746576B CN 115746576 B CN115746576 B CN 115746576B CN 202211407980 A CN202211407980 A CN 202211407980A CN 115746576 B CN115746576 B CN 115746576B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 alkyl ketene dimer Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012773 agricultural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film, which comprises the following components: 10-15 parts of bamboo powder, 4-6 parts of corn starch, 1-2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.15 part of cross-linking agent; the invention also relates to a preparation method of the green and environment-friendly agricultural mulching film, which comprises the following steps: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol into water, adding corn starch, gelatinizing, adding bamboo powder and a plasticizer, stirring, adding a cross-linking agent, stirring for a period of time at a certain temperature, pouring into a template while hot, casting to form a film, drying, sizing on two sides, and drying for a period of time at room temperature to obtain a bamboo mulch film; the invention not only improves the added value of bamboo products, but also solves the problem that the existing degradable mulching film is difficult to replace plastic mulching film due to the problems of high price, non-environmental protection in the production process and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural materials, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to improve the crop yield, a layer of mulching film is covered in the crop growth process to protect soil moisture and nutrients, stabilize humidity, promote crop growth and prolong the crop growth period. However, the commonly used plastic mulching film is difficult to degrade, and fragments formed after the plastic mulching film is used seriously damage the soil structure, harm the ecological environment, influence the human health and the like. At present, the degradable mulching film is actively researched and developed at home and abroad, particularly the degradable mulching film in China, the United states, french and other countries has high level, and the synthetic polymer type biodegradable mulching film and the natural polymer type biodegradable mulching film are researched and developed. Although the biodegradable mulching films have good mechanical properties and excellent degradation properties, the biodegradable mulching films have high cost and are not suitable for replacing non-degradable plastic mulching films, so that large-scale agricultural use is realized.
The mulching film is prepared by using plant fibers, fibers are required to be extracted, a large amount of sewage is generated in the fiber extraction process, and the sewage can be discharged after reaching the standard through treatment, and the sewage has complex components, high treatment difficulty and high cost. The invention takes bamboo as raw material, utilizes the whole components without extracting fibers, grinds the bamboo into bamboo powder, adopts a blending physical method to directly prepare the mulching film, is environment-friendly, has simple process and low cost, can be biodegraded, and can completely replace the plastic mulching film used in large scale at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film and a preparation method thereof, which not only improve the added value of bamboo products, but also solve the problem that the existing degradable mulching film is difficult to replace a plastic mulching film due to the problems of high price, non-environment-friendly production process and the like.
The invention provides an environment-friendly agricultural mulching film, which is characterized by comprising the following components: 10-15 parts of bamboo powder, 4-6 parts of corn starch, 1-2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.15 part of cross-linking agent, wherein the molecular weight of the corn starch is 50000.
Further, the plasticizer is glycerin and ethylene glycol.
Further, the mass ratio of the glycerol to the ethylene glycol is 7:3.
Further, the cross-linking agent is borax.
Further, the thickness of the agricultural mulching film is as follows: 50-100 mu m; the sizing thickness is more than or equal to 5 mu m; 100% of organic components; the relative biological decomposition rate is 100 percent.
The preparation method of the green and environment-friendly agricultural mulching film is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol into water, adding corn starch, and gelatinizing;
B. then adding bamboo powder and plasticizer, and stirring;
C. Then adding a cross-linking agent, stirring for a period of time at a certain temperature, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying;
D. and after double-sided sizing, drying for a period of time at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Further, the water temperature in the step A is 90 ℃.
Further, the stirring time in the step B is 30min.
Further, the temperature in the step C is 80-95 ℃, the stirring time is 2-3 h, and the drying time is 24h.
Further, the sizing agent in the step D is alkyl ketene dimer, and the drying time is 48 hours.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention develops a novel bamboo mulch film for rich bamboo resources in southern areas such as Fujian, guangxi, hunan, guangdong and the like from the Yangtze river, and is widely applied to cultivation of crops; the bamboo mulch film is produced by adopting biodegradable materials, and can be gradually degraded and absorbed by soil under the natural condition of the use process, so that the problems of destroying the soil structure, affecting the survival of microorganisms, exchanging moisture and gas and the like caused by the use of the plastic mulch film are alleviated; the bamboo mulch film solves the problems that the current bamboo products are low in price, low in bamboo utilization rate and idle and wasteful, the bamboo is utilized in a high-quality mode, the added value of the bamboo is increased by thirty times, and the commonly used plastic mulch film is difficult to degrade, and fragments formed after the bamboo mulch film is used seriously damage the soil structure, harm the ecological environment, influence the human health and the like.
The invention adopts a simple mechanical method to crush and crush the dried bamboo into micron-sized bamboo powder; preparing a biomass-based adhesive by modifying corn starch; selecting polymer with excellent hydrophilicity such as polyvinyl alcohol as film forming agent; the bamboo powder and the adhesive are fully mixed, crosslinked, cast, dried, glued, shaped, rolled and the like to prepare the thickness-controllable applicable bamboo mulch film. In the preparation of the bamboo mulch film, the whole components utilize bamboo, the processes of separating and extracting bamboo fibers are avoided, and the problems of environmental pollution caused by solid waste, sewage, waste gas and the like are avoided.
Detailed Description
Example 1
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water at 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 2
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 5g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 3
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 4g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 4
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water at 90 ℃, 4g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 15g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 5
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 5g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 15g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 6
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 15g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 7
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 3g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol of 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to form paste;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 8
2G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 5g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then adding 14g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder, adding 3g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol of 7:3, stirring for 30min, and stirring into paste;
Then adding 0.15g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 9
1G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.1g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Example 10
1G of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 50000 is dissolved in 50ml of water with the temperature of 90 ℃, 6g of corn starch is added, and the mixture is gelatinized;
then 10g of 400-1000 meshes of bamboo powder is added, 4g of plasticizer with the mass ratio of glycerin to glycol being 7:3 is added, and the mixture is stirred for 30min to be pasty;
Then adding 0.15g of cross-linking agent borax, heating to 85 ℃ and stirring for 2.5h, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying at room temperature for 24h;
And (3) sizing the two surfaces of the film by adopting an alkyl ketene dimer, and drying for 48 hours at room temperature to obtain the bamboo mulch film.
Comparative example 1
Bamboo fibers were used instead of bamboo powder, and the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Comparative example 2
The plasticizer was ethylene glycol 3g, otherwise as in example 1.
The agricultural mulch films obtained in example 1, example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were subjected to mechanical property test, and the obtained results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 mulch film performance test results
From the data of example 1 and comparative example 1, the mechanical properties of the mulch film obtained by adding the bamboo powder and adding the bamboo fiber are equivalent, but the bamboo powder does not need the steps of separation and extraction, and the mulch film prepared by using the bamboo powder is more environment-friendly.
From example 1 and comparative example 2, a plastic film having better mechanical properties was obtained by reacting glycerol with a plasticizer of ethylene glycol, as compared with using ethylene glycol alone.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined under the idea of the present disclosure, the steps may be implemented in any order, and many other variations exist in the different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for simplicity.
The present application is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, any omissions, modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like, which are within the spirit and principles of the one or more embodiments of the application, are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. The green and environment-friendly agricultural mulching film is characterized by comprising the following components: 10-15 parts of bamboo powder, 4-6 parts of corn starch, 1-2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.15 part of cross-linking agent;
The plasticizer is a mixture of glycerol and ethylene glycol;
the mass ratio of the glycerol to the ethylene glycol is 7:3;
the cross-linking agent is borax;
the thickness of the agricultural mulching film is as follows: 50-100 mu m; the sizing thickness is more than or equal to 5 mu m; 100% of organic components; relative biological decomposition rate 100%;
the preparation method of the agricultural mulching film comprises the following steps:
A. Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol into water, adding corn starch, and gelatinizing;
B. then adding bamboo powder and plasticizer, and stirring;
C. Then adding a cross-linking agent, stirring for a period of time at a certain temperature, pouring into a template while the mixture is hot, casting to form a film, and drying;
D. drying for a period of time under the room temperature condition after double-sided sizing to obtain an agricultural mulching film;
The bamboo powder is micron-sized bamboo powder obtained by crushing and pulverizing dried bamboo.
2. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the water temperature in the step a is 90 ℃.
3. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the stirring time in the step B is 30 minutes.
4. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in the step C is 80-95 ℃, the stirring time is 2-3 hours, and the drying time is 24 hours.
5. The agricultural mulch film according to claim 1, wherein the sizing agent in the step D is an alkyl ketene dimer, and the drying time is 48 hours.
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CN107383436A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-24 | 陕西理工大学 | A kind of Biodegradable mulch |
CN113355949A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-07 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of paper-based mulching film |
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CN111269513A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-12 | 广东聚益新材有限公司 | Application of plant powder, polyvinyl alcohol film plasticizer, polyvinyl alcohol composition, polyvinyl alcohol film master batch and film |
CN111548611A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-18 | 汕头市雷氏塑化科技有限公司 | High-density bamboo powder/PBAT/polylactic acid biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof |
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CN107383436A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-24 | 陕西理工大学 | A kind of Biodegradable mulch |
CN113355949A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-07 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of paper-based mulching film |
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