CN115736120A - Microelement premix for piglets, preparation method and compound feed thereof - Google Patents
Microelement premix for piglets, preparation method and compound feed thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115736120A CN115736120A CN202211653901.1A CN202211653901A CN115736120A CN 115736120 A CN115736120 A CN 115736120A CN 202211653901 A CN202211653901 A CN 202211653901A CN 115736120 A CN115736120 A CN 115736120A
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940071566 zinc glycinate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-aminoacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O UOXSXMSTSYWNMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004151 Calcium iodate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium iodate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]I(=O)=O.[O-]I(=O)=O UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019390 calcium iodate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LPOSZYSKJWFIQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoacetic acid;iron Chemical compound [Fe].NCC(O)=O LPOSZYSKJWFIQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940085605 saccharin sodium Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014590 basal diet Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- HGSXDBRNFBJIMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoacetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].NCC(O)=O HGSXDBRNFBJIMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019643 salty taste Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- SKQUUKNCBWILCD-UHFFFAOYSA-J dicopper;chloride;trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cl-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2] SKQUUKNCBWILCD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011649 selenium Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-aminoacetate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AKLSSKNRPSKJBO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-aminoacetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O AKLSSKNRPSKJBO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008939 whole milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079721 copper chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021051 daily weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004798 organs belonging to the digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008476 powdered milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a microelement premix for piglets, a preparation method and a compound feed thereof, relating to the field of animal feeds, wherein the microelement premix comprises the following raw materials: glycine iron, ferrous sulfate, copper chloride hydroxide, manganese sulfate, zinc glycinate, zinc sulfate, yeast selenium, sodium selenite, calcium iodate, calcium formate and medical stone. The organic trace element premix has the advantages that the organic trace element and inorganic trace element are reasonably matched according to the absorption characteristics of different trace elements, the stimulation to the intestines and stomach of the piglets is reduced, and the complex is preferably selected, so that the piglet organism has a good absorption utilization rate on the trace elements, and meanwhile, the cost of the trace element premix is reduced. While the trace elements are well absorbed and utilized by the bodies of the piglets, the complexes such as glycine, yeast, formic acid and the like can further provide nutrient substances required by the growth of the bodies of the piglets, improve the intestinal environment and improve the disease resistance and the growth performance of the piglets.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of animal feed, in particular to a microelement premix for piglets, a preparation method and a compound feed thereof.
Background
With the large-scale and intensive development of the breeding industry, the pig raising production mode is changed greatly, in order to improve the reproduction rate of sows and the utilization rate of a delivery house, reduce the production cost of piglets and effectively control diseases, early isolation feeding can be carried out in the pig raising production practice, the weaning days of the piglets are advanced to reduce the spread of diseases from a parent body to the piglets, and the growth performance of the piglets in the growth period is improved. With the reduction of the age of a weaned day, the weaning syndrome of piglets is more and more obvious, and a series of problems of poor digestion capability and stress resistance capability of the piglets, anorexia, digestive dysfunction, diarrhea and the like are caused because digestive organs of the piglets are not developed and mature, the functions are not complete, the activity of digestive enzymes in vivo is low, and the absorption, digestion and utilization rate of nutrient substances are poor.
The body resistance of the piglets is weak and the digestive function is not developed perfectly after weaning, so that the growth potential of the piglets is severely inhibited and the piglets are expressed by comprehensive symptoms of diarrhea, growth obstruction, high mortality and the like, so that the nutrition management of the weaned piglets is particularly important, and most of the existing piglet feed is fed with feed with high protein and high trace element contents from the aspects of improving the protein content and the trace element content of the feed, and the problem of low absorption and utilization rate of the piglets on the nutrient substances such as the protein and the trace element is ignored, so that the dyspepsia and the poor appetite of the piglets are caused, the utilization rate of the feed is low, and the later-stage breeding management is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a microelement premix for piglets, a preparation method and a compound feed thereof, aiming at improving the absorption and utilization rate of the piglets on nutrient substances such as microelements in the feed and enhancing the disease resistance and growth performance of the piglets after weaning.
In a first aspect, the application provides a microelement premix for piglets, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the microelement premix for the piglets comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 to 5 percent of ferric glycinate, 3 to 5 percent of ferrous sulfate, 2 to 5 percent of basic copper chloride, 2 to 3 percent of manganese sulfate, 1 to 3 percent of zinc glycinate, 3 to 5 percent of zinc sulfate, 0.1 to 0.8 percent of selenium yeast, 0.1 to 0.8 percent of sodium selenite, 0.2 to 5 percent of calcium iodate, 8 to 12 percent of calcium formate and 65 to 70 percent of medical stone.
By adopting the technical scheme, the trace element premix provided by the application adopts a mode of adding organic trace elements and inorganic trace elements in a synergistic manner, so that the inorganic trace elements are low in cost and simple to manufacture; the inorganic trace elements are dissociated into free metal ions after entering the intestinal tracts of animals, and other substances in the feed easily have antagonistic action on the free metal elements, so that the absorption rate of the piglet organism on the inorganic trace elements is low; the organic trace elements are coordinated in vitro with other nutrients (amino acids, polysaccharides, proteins, etc.) and form ligands by complexing with the other nutrients, so that the trace elements can not be combined by antagonistic substances in the process of entering the bodies of the piglets and can be smoothly absorbed by body cells. By using the inorganic trace elements and the organic trace elements in a matching way, the low cost of the inorganic trace elements and the high absorption rate of the organic trace elements are both considered, the absorption and utilization rate of the piglet organisms on the trace elements is improved, the emission can be reduced, the environment is protected, and the growth performance and the disease resistance of piglets are improved.
The microelement premix provided by the technical scheme of the application aims at the problem that the absorption utilization rate of the microelement by a piglet organism is low, the proportion of organic microelements and inorganic microelements is reasonably matched according to the absorption characteristics of different microelements, the stimulation to the intestines and stomach of the piglet is reduced, and the cost of the microelement premix is reduced while the piglet organism has a good absorption utilization rate on the microelements by optimizing the complex. While the trace elements are well absorbed and utilized by the bodies of the piglets, the complexes such as glycine, yeast, formic acid and the like can further provide nutrient substances required by the growth of the bodies of the piglets, improve the intestinal environment and improve the disease resistance and the growth performance of the piglets.
Optionally, the trace element premix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 percent of glycine iron, 5 percent of ferrous sulfate, 3 percent of basic copper chloride, 2.5 percent of manganese sulfate, 2 percent of zinc glycinate, 4.5 percent of zinc sulfate, 0.5 percent of yeast selenium, 0.5 percent of sodium selenite, 1 percent of calcium iodate, 10 percent of calcium formate and 68 percent of medical stone.
Optionally, the mass percentage of the part of the medical stone with the granularity not more than 0.25mm is not less than 90%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the proportion of the trace element premix is limited in the range, the requirements of better piglet growth on trace elements can be met, the requirements of low cost and high trace element absorption are considered, the synergistic effect among various trace elements can reach a better level, the intestinal environment of piglets is better balanced, and the growth performance of the piglets is improved.
Optionally, the microelement premix also comprises 1-3% of calcium hydrophosphate.
By adopting the technical scheme, calcium hydrogen phosphate can supplement calcium and phosphorus necessary for the growth of a piglet organism on one hand, and on the other hand, the addition of calcium hydrogen phosphate can regulate the phosphorylation process in the intestinal wall of the piglet so as to influence the activity of partial digestive enzymes, thereby promoting the release of trace elements in the feed and the absorption of the trace elements in the digestive tract.
Optionally, the microelement premix also comprises 0.5-3% of sour agent, 1-3% of sweetening agent and 0.1-2% of salty agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the addition of the trace elements effectively improves the nutrition level of the piglet feed, so that the growth performance of piglets is better, but the addition of the trace elements also has certain influence on the natural flavor of the piglet feed, so that the palatability of the compound feed is reduced to a certain extent. By adding a certain amount of phagostimulants such as sour agents, sweetening agents, salty agents and the like into the microelement premix, the fragrance emitted by the phagostimulants can improve the surrounding environment smell, lure pigs to eat, improve the palatability of the compound feed and improve the feed intake of piglets. The sour agent, the sweetening agent and the salty agent are directly added into the trace element premix, so that the peculiar smell caused by trace elements can be better improved and the palatability of the feed is improved compared with the situation that the sour agent, the sweetening agent and the salty agent are added into the compound feed.
Optionally, the sweetener comprises one or both of sucrose and sodium saccharin.
Further preferably, the sweetening agent is prepared from sucrose and saccharin sodium according to the mass ratio of (1-1.5): (0.3-0.8).
By adopting the technical scheme, the pig likes sweet taste, and especially the sweetening agent can play a good role in attracting the piglet to eat and improving the palatability of the feed after the piglet is weaned. The sucrose as a good sweetening agent can provide good sweet taste for the compound feed, the sweet taste is lasting, no bad aftertaste exists, the saccharin sodium can effectively prolong the retention length of the sweet taste while providing the sweet taste, and the bad aftertaste of trace elements and other additives can be covered.
Optionally, the sour agent comprises one or more of lactic acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, propionic acid.
More preferably, the sour agent is lactic acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid according to the mass ratio of (0.5-1): (0.8-1.5): (0.3-0.8).
By adopting the technical scheme, the sour agent is added into the trace element premix, so that the bad smell brought by the trace elements can be further covered, the palatability of the feed is improved, the propagation of harmful microorganisms in gastrointestinal environment can be reduced by the sour agent, the activity of pepsin is increased, and the absorption of nutrient substances by piglets is facilitated. The citric acid can reduce the pollution of the premix and the feed by the mould and improve the safety of the feed. The phosphoric acid is added, so that the absorption of trace elements such as zinc, calcium and the like in the trace element premix by a piglet organism can be further promoted, and the absorption utilization rate of the feed is improved.
Optionally, the salty agent comprises one or both of sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the palatability of the feed can be improved and the food intake of piglets can be increased by adding the salty agent; on the other hand, the salty agent can be matched with the sweetening agent and the sour agent, so that mutual offset of the sweetening agent and the sour agent is reduced, and the sweetening agent and the sour agent can exert better effects.
Optionally, the salty agent is mixed with the trace element premix in the following way:
dissolving the salty agent in water, uniformly spraying the salty agent on the surface of the medical stone, drying, and mixing with other raw materials.
By adopting the technical scheme, the salty agent is dissolved in water and sprayed on the surface of the medical stone, the medical stone has a large specific surface area and has a very good adsorption effect, the ingredients of the salty agent can be adsorbed into the inner pores of the medical stone along with moisture, and in the process of drying the moisture, the salty agent is recrystallized and separated out, so that the salty agent can be uniformly dispersed, and the uniform mixing degree of the salty agent and each raw material can be effectively improved in the subsequent process of mixing with other raw materials.
Optionally, a flavoring agent is further added into the trace element premix, and the flavoring agent accounts for 2-3.5% of the mass of the trace element premix.
Optionally, the flavoring agent comprises one or more of whey powder, wheat flavor powder and whole milk powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flavoring agent can provide certain fragrance for the feed to induce the piglets to eat, and the whey powder and the full-fat milk powder in the flavoring agent have milk fragrance, so that the milk fragrance of the sows can be brought to the piglet feed, the appetite of the weaned piglets is promoted, and the food intake is improved. The flavoring agent is directly mixed and added into the microelement premix, so that the peculiar smell in the microelement premix can be covered, and the influence of the microelement premix on the palatability of the feed can be reduced.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a microelement premix for piglets, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a microelement premix for piglets comprises the following steps: weighing 50-60% of medical stone, adding other raw materials, uniformly mixing, adding the rest medical stone, and uniformly mixing to obtain the microelement premix.
Optionally, the zinc glycinate, zinc sulfate, selenium yeast, and sodium selenite are added before the iron glycinate and ferrous sulfate.
Optionally, the granularity of the trace element premix is not higher than 16 meshes, and the mass ratio of the mesh granularity in the trace element premix exceeding 30 meshes is not more than 20%.
By adopting the technical scheme, in the process of mixing the raw materials, a part of medical stone is uniformly mixed with other raw materials and then mixed with the rest medical stone, so that the uniform mixing degree of the raw materials can be improved. Zinc glycinate, zinc sulfate, selenium yeast and sodium selenite are added before the iron glycinate and the ferrous sulfate, so that the reaction of the components in the zinc glycinate, the zinc sulfate, the selenium yeast and the sodium selenite with iron ions can be reduced, and the influence on the effectiveness of the nutrient components of the trace element premix is reduced. The granularity of the prepared trace element premix is further limited within a certain range, the part which can completely pass through a 16-mesh screen and can not pass through a 30-mesh screen is not more than 20 percent, so that the trace element premix is kept in a small particle interval, and the trace element premix is favorably mixed with other parts in the compound feed and is beneficial to piglet feeding.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a compound feed for piglets, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the compound feed for the piglets comprises a basic feed and the trace element premix, wherein the trace element premix accounts for 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the basic feed.
Optionally, the basic feed comprises 18-25 parts of corn, 45-50 parts of puffed corn, 18-23 parts of puffed soybean, 12-16 parts of soybean meal and 1-5 parts of fish meal.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. aiming at the problem of low absorption and utilization rate of the piglet body on the trace elements, the proportion of organic trace elements and inorganic trace elements is reasonably matched according to the absorption characteristics of different trace elements, the stimulation to the intestines and stomach of the piglet is reduced, and the cost of the trace element premix is reduced while the piglet body has good absorption and utilization rate on the trace elements through the optimization of the complex. While the trace elements are well absorbed and utilized by the bodies of the piglets, the complexes such as glycine, yeast, formic acid and the like can further provide nutrient substances required by the growth of the bodies of the piglets, improve the intestinal environment and improve the disease resistance and the growth performance of the piglets.
2. In the technical scheme, additives such as a salty agent, an acid agent, a sweetening agent, a flavoring agent and the like are added into the trace element premix, and the additives and the trace element premix are directly mixed and added, so that peculiar smell in the trace element premix can be effectively covered, the influence on the natural flavor and palatability of the feed is reduced, and the feed intake of piglets is increased.
3. In the technical scheme, the salty agent is added in a manner of being dissolved in water and then being sprayed on the surface of medical stone for recrystallization and separation and being uniformly mixed with the medical stone, the salty agent can be uniformly dispersed in the medical stone in the recrystallization process, the salty agent can reduce mutual offset of an acid agent and a sweetening agent, and the palatability of the piglet feed is improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that, in the following examples, those not specifically mentioned are performed according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer; the starting materials used in the following examples are all those which are generally commercially available, except where specifically indicated.
Example 1
The microelement premix for the piglets is prepared by the following specific preparation method according to the component proportion shown in the table 1:
weighing 50% of medical stone, adding ferric glycinate, ferrous sulfate, basic copper chloride, manganese sulfate, zinc glycinate, zinc sulfate, selenium yeast, sodium selenite, calcium iodate and calcium formate, stirring and mixing uniformly, and then adding the rest 50% of medical stone and mixing uniformly to prepare the microelement premix. The mass ratio of the prepared microelement premix which passes through a 16-mesh screen and cannot pass through a 30-mesh screen is not more than 20 percent when 100 percent of the premix passes through the screen.
Examples 2 to 6
Examples 2 to 6 differ from example 1 in that the raw material component ratios are different, the specific component ratio is shown in table 1, and the specific preparation method is consistent with example 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example 1 and the example 6 is that the raw materials have different component ratios, the specific component ratio is shown in the table 1, and the specific preparation method is consistent with the example 6.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 6 is that the raw materials have different component ratios, the specific component ratio is shown in the table 1, and the specific preparation method is consistent with the example 6.
Table 1: examples 1 to 5 raw material ratios (in mass percent)
Note: the total raw material weight in each example in Table 1 was 5 kg.
Adding the trace element premix prepared in the examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-2 into a basal feed to prepare a compound feed, wherein the mass percent of the trace element premix in the basal feed is 0.4%; the basic feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18 parts of corn, 50 parts of expanded corn, 15 parts of expanded soybean, 12 parts of soybean meal and 5 parts of fish meal.
Carrying out a piglet feeding test on the prepared compound feed, and observing and recording the growth condition of piglets; the feeding test is as follows:
selecting 60-day-old weaned piglets, wherein 5 weaned piglets are selected, and 8 weaned piglets are selected and correspondingly fed with the compound feed in the examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 in sequence; the feeding time is 8 days, wherein the pre-feeding period is 1 day, the formal feeding period is 7 days, and the average daily gain, the average daily feed intake, the feed-meat ratio and the diarrhea rate are observed and recorded. During the test period, the special people are responsible for raising, the environment is kept consistent, and the people can freely eat and drink water. And (4) carrying out conventional immune disinfection, keeping the colony house clean and sanitary, observing the growth condition and making relevant records. Fasting weighing was performed at 68 days of age. The results of the feeding trials are shown in table 2 below.
Control group: and feeding 3 weaned piglets of 60 days old with basic feed, wherein the component ratio of the basic feed is kept consistent with that of the feed in the example 1.
Table 2: results of feeding tests in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2
As can be seen from the data in the table 1, the microelement premix can well improve the feed intake of piglets, has high absorption and utilization rate of the feed, and ensures that the piglets have high daily weight gain and the diarrhea rate is at a lower level.
Example 7
In this example, calcium hydrogen phosphate was added in an amount of 2% to the microelement premix, and the calcium hydrogen phosphate was mixed with other raw materials, and the rest was the same as in example 6.
Example 8
In this example, based on example 7, 2wt% of sucrose, 2.5wt% of lactic acid and 1wt% of sodium chloride were further added to the trace element premix, and the mixture was mixed with other raw materials, and the rest was the same as example 6.
Example 9
This example differs from example 8 in that instead of sucrose, a mixture of sucrose and sodium saccharin is used, the mass ratio of sucrose to sodium saccharin being 1.
Example 10
This example differs from example 9 in that a mixture of lactic acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid was used instead of lactic acid, the mass ratio of lactic acid, citric acid and phosphoric acid was 0.6.
Example 11
This example differs from example 10 in that a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride is used instead of sodium chloride, the mass ratio of sodium chloride to potassium chloride being 1.
Example 12
This example differs from example 11 in that sodium chloride and potassium chloride are added by the following method: mixing sodium chloride and potassium chloride, dissolving in 3 times (m/v) of water, spraying the solution on the surface of Maifanitum, heating, oven drying to remove water, and mixing with other raw materials. The rest of the process was the same as in example 11.
The trace element premixes prepared in the embodiments 7 to 12 are prepared into compound feeds, and then piglet feeding tests are carried out. The formula feed component ratios and feeding methods were referred to above, and the results of the feeding experiments are shown in Table 3 below.
Example 13
In this example, based on example 12, a flavoring agent was further added, the flavoring agent accounts for 3% by mass of the trace element premix, the flavoring agent includes whey powder and wheat flour, the mass ratio of the whey powder to the wheat flour is 1.2, and the balance is the same as that in example 12.
Example 14
The composition ratio of the trace elements in this example was the same as that in example 6, except that the sweetener, the sour agent, the salty agent and the flavoring agent were mixed and added at the time of preparing the compound feed in example 13, and the rest was the same as that in example 13.
Table 3: examples 7 to 12 feeding test results
The data in table 3 show that the palatability of the feed can be better improved by adding the sweetening agent, the salty agent and the sour agent, the daily feed intake of the piglets in the feeding process is increased, the absorption utilization rate of the feed is further improved, and the daily gain of the piglets is further improved. In addition, the salty agent is mixed with the medical stone and then other raw materials are added, so that the piglet feed intake and daily gain can be further improved, and probably because the salty agent is added firstly, the mutual offset of the sweetening agent and the sour agent can be reduced, the palatability of the compound feed is better, and the piglet feed intake is increased. In addition, as can be seen from example 13, the palatability and the feed utilization conversion rate of the compound feed can be further improved by adding the flavoring agent. As can be seen from the data in example 14, the blending feed prepared by directly mixing the sour agent, the sweetener, the salty agent, and the flavoring agent with the trace element premix has better effect than the later addition of various additives.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The microelement premix for the piglets is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2~5% of glycine iron, 3~5% of ferrous sulfate, 2~5% of basic copper chloride, 2~3% of manganese sulfate, 1~3% of zinc glycinate, 3~5% of zinc sulfate, 0.1 to 0.8% of yeast selenium, 0.1 to 0.8% of sodium selenite, 0.2 to 0.5% of calcium iodate, 8 to 12% of calcium formate and 65 to 70% of medical stone.
2. A microelement premix for piglets according to claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 percent of glycine iron, 5 percent of ferrous sulfate, 3 percent of basic copper chloride, 2.5 percent of manganese sulfate, 2 percent of glycine zinc, 4.5 percent of zinc sulfate, 0.5 percent of yeast selenium, 0.5 percent of sodium selenite, 1 percent of calcium iodate, 10 percent of calcium formate and 68 percent of medical stone.
3. A trace element premix for piglets according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises 1~3% calcium hydrogen phosphate.
4. A microelement premix for piglets according to claim 1, which further comprises 0.5 to 3wt% of a sour agent, 1 to 3wt% of a sweetening agent and 0.1 to 2wt% of a salty agent.
5. A microelement premix for piglets according to claim 4, wherein the sweetener comprises one or both of sucrose and saccharin sodium.
6. A microelement premix according to claim 4, wherein the sour agent comprises one or more of lactic acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid and propionic acid.
7. A microelement premix according to claim 4, wherein the salty agent comprises one or both of sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
8. A trace element premix for piglets according to claim 7, characterized in that the salty taste agent is mixed with the trace element premix by: dissolving the salty agent in water, uniformly spraying the salty agent on the surface of the medical stone, drying, and mixing with other raw materials.
9. A method of making a premix of trace elements for piglets according to any of claims 1~8 comprising the steps of: weighing 50-60% of medical stone, adding other raw materials, uniformly mixing, adding the rest medical stone, and uniformly mixing to obtain the microelement premix.
10. A compound feed for piglets, comprising a basal diet and the microelement premix of any one of claims 1~8, wherein the microelement premix accounts for 0.3 to 0.5% by mass of the basal diet.
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