CN115724679A - Low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115724679A CN115724679A CN202110997229.7A CN202110997229A CN115724679A CN 115724679 A CN115724679 A CN 115724679A CN 202110997229 A CN202110997229 A CN 202110997229A CN 115724679 A CN115724679 A CN 115724679A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention provides a low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant and a preparation method thereof, wherein the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40% of water-based drilling cuttings and 60-80% of bauxite. The ceramsite proppant disclosed by the invention adopts water-based drilling rock debris as a main raw material, the water-based drilling rock debris has lower heavy metal content, and the environment-friendly ceramsite proppant developed by utilizing the ceramsite proppant is beneficial to solving the problem of environmental pollution. However, the water-based drilling cuttings contain a large amount of clinker, so that the problems of high strength and high density are easily caused when the ceramsite proppant is directly prepared, and the low density and high strength of the ceramsite proppant are difficult to realize. The raw bauxite with a certain proportion is added into the water-based drilling rock debris, the preparation of the ceramsite proppant with controllable density and strength based on the water-based drilling rock debris is realized by adjusting the proportion, the contradiction that the density and the strength can not be considered is balanced, and the ceramsite proppant with low density and high strength is finally obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramsite proppants for oil field fracturing, and particularly relates to a low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The drilling cuttings are solid wastes generated in petroleum exploration and development and can be divided into oil-based drilling cuttings and water-based drilling cuttings according to types, and the main components of the drilling cuttings are shale, bentonite, a lubricant, chloride and the like. If the drilling cuttings are not treated or are not treated properly, environmental pollution is easily caused, and human health is easily harmed. In recent years, with the increasing emphasis on environmental problems in China, the solid waste needs to be reduced, environmentally-friendly and recycled. The investigation shows that China does not have the capacity of high-efficiency, large-scale and industrialized treatment of drilling cuttings. Therefore, development of a new way for harmless treatment of drilling cuttings is urgently required.
The drilling debris contains Al in chemical composition 2 O 3 、SiO 2 And CaO and the like, and the ceramsite proppant is used as a raw material or an ingredient to prepare the ceramsite proppant, so that the ceramsite proppant is an effective mode for realizing harmlessness and reclamation. At present, the oil-based drilling rock debris is comprehensively utilized in a recycling manner by a way of preparing a ceramsite proppant. Liu Chang Rong takes oil-based drilling rock debris and fly ash as raw materials, prepares the lightweight sintered ceramsite proppant, and realizes the comprehensive utilization of the oil-based drilling rock debris by changing waste into valuable (application publication No. CN 110407586A). Xuquan and the like take industrial ceramsite proppant as a main material (as a 'core part') and oil-based drilling rock debris as an auxiliary material (as a 'shell part') to synthesize the ceramic-shell composite material with a 'core-shell' structureCoated ceramsite proppant (application publication No. CN 111004620A). However, oil-based drilling cuttings are classified As "national hazardous waste records" because of their high heavy metal content, such As Cu (37.0 mg/kg), as (13.5 mg/kg), and Pb (42.5 mg/kg). In the production process of the ceramsite, heavy metal is introduced into the raw materials, so that the environmental pollution is easily caused, and the environmental protection requirement is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant and a preparation method thereof, which take industrial waste water-based drilling rock debris as a raw material, are beneficial to solving the problem of environmental pollution and improving the economic benefit.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40% of water-based drilling rock debris and 60-80% of bauxite.
The preparation method of the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant comprises the steps of ball-milling and mixing water-based drilling rock debris and bauxite to obtain powder, granulating the powder to prepare a green body, and sintering the green body at high temperature to obtain the ceramsite proppant.
Preferably, the sintering is carried out in a two-step sintering method: the temperature is raised to 1250-1350 ℃, the temperature is preserved for the first preset time, then the temperature is lowered to 1100-1200 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for the second preset time.
Further, the specific temperature-raising system of the two-step sintering method is as follows: heating to 1250-1350 deg.c at 1-2 deg.c/min and cooling to 1100-1200 deg.c at 3-5 deg.c/min.
Further, the first preset time is 1-5min.
Further, the second preset time is 2-4h.
Preferably, the rotation speed during ball milling and mixing is 100-500r/min.
Preferably, the preparation of the green body by granulating the powder material comprises the following steps: and adding the powder into a granulator, adding water for granulation by a spray method, and drying to obtain a green body.
Further, the drying temperature was 80 ℃.
Preferably, the green compact is in the form of a sphere having a diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the ceramsite proppant disclosed by the invention adopts water-based drilling rock debris As a main raw material, the water-based drilling rock debris has lower heavy metal content, wherein the contents of Cu, as and Pb are respectively 9.8mg/kg, 3.9mg/kg and 1.7mg/kg, and the environment-friendly ceramsite proppant is developed by utilizing the ceramsite proppant, so that the problem of environmental pollution is favorably solved. However, because the water-based drilling cuttings contain a large amount of clinker, the direct preparation of the ceramsite proppant easily causes the problems of high strength and high density, and the realization of low density and high strength of the ceramsite proppant is difficult. The raw bauxite with a certain proportion is added into the water-based drilling rock debris, the preparation of the ceramsite proppant with controllable density and strength based on the water-based drilling rock debris is realized by adjusting the proportion, the contradiction that the density and the strength can not be considered is balanced, and the ceramsite proppant with low density and high strength is finally obtained. Compared with the existing ceramsite proppant, the ceramsite proppant has the advantages of low density, high strength, economy and environmental protection, is beneficial to solving the problem of environmental pollution and improving the economic benefit, and provides a way for comprehensively utilizing water-based drilling rock debris solid waste
The preparation method is simple to operate, easy to realize, beneficial to industrial production and strong in practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of a low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant using water-based drilling rock debris as a raw material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
according to the ceramic proppant, raw materials are industrial waste water-based drilling rock debris and bauxite, the raw materials are subjected to ball milling and mixing, then are granulated to be made into a spherical green body with the diameter of 0.1-1.0cm, and are sintered at a high temperature and cooled to room temperature along with a furnace, so that a finished ceramic proppant is obtained.
In the preparation method, the water-based drilling debris mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (aluminum) 2 O 3 (3-5%)、SiO 2 (21-23%), caO (29-32%), and others (45-51%), and has low content of toxic heavy metals and harmful metals or is not detected.
In the preparation method, the bauxite mainly contains Al by mass percent 2 O 3 (77-80%)、SiO 2 (13-15%), caO (0.5-1%), others (6.5-7%), and no toxic heavy metal or harmful metal is detected.
In the preparation method, the water-based drilling cuttings and the bauxite account for 20-40% and 60-80% respectively by mass percent.
In the preparation method, the ball milling mixing rotating speed is 100-500r/min.
In the preparation method, the sintering system is a two-step sintering method, the temperature is firstly increased to 1250-1350 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min for sintering for 1-5min, the temperature is reduced to 1100-1200 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 2-4h, and the sintering is carried out along with the furnace to be cooled to the room temperature.
Example 1
In the embodiment, water-based drilling rock debris and bauxite are used as raw materials, the materials are taken according to the mass ratio, and the water-based drilling rock debris and the bauxite account for 20 percent and are uniformly mixed by a ball mill at a rotating speed of 200r/min to obtain powder. Adding the powder into a granulator, adding water for granulation by a spraying method, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain a spherical green body of 0.8 cm. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 1#. The properties of the test products are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
In the embodiment, water-based drilling rock debris and bauxite are used as raw materials, the materials are taken according to the mass ratio, and the water-based drilling rock debris and the bauxite are uniformly mixed by a ball mill at the rotating speed of 200r/min to obtain powder. Adding the powder into a granulator, adding water for granulation by a spraying method, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain a spherical green body of 0.8 cm. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 2#. The properties of the test products are shown in table 1.
Example 3
In the embodiment, water-based drilling rock debris and bauxite are used as raw materials, materials are taken according to the mass ratio, 40% of the water-based drilling rock debris and 60% of the bauxite are uniformly mixed by a ball mill at the rotating speed of 200r/min, and powder is obtained. Adding the powder into a granulator, adding water for granulation by a spray method, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain a spherical green body of 0.8 cm. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 3#. The properties of the test products are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 ceramsite proppant indexes
Example 4
The present example is different from example 2 in the temperature rise temperature. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1250 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 4#. The properties of the test products are shown in Table 2.
Example 5
The present example is different from example 2 in the temperature rise temperature. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1300 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 5#. The properties of the test products are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 ceramsite proppant indexes
Example 6
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in the temperature lowering. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1100 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 6#. The properties of the test products are shown in table 3.
Example 7
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in the temperature lowering. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1150 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 7#. The properties of the test products are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 ceramsite proppant indexes
Example 8
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in the first preset time. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 5min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 8#. The properties of the test products are shown in table 4.
Example 9
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in the first preset time. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 3min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 9#. The properties of the test products are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 ceramsite proppant indexes
Example 10
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in the second preset time. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the number of 10#. The properties of the test products are shown in Table 5.
Example 11
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in the second preset time. Sintering the green body in a sintering furnace, controlling a heating program and a cooling program, firstly heating to 1350 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min for sintering for 1min, cooling to 1200 ℃ at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a final product with the serial number of 11#. The properties of the test products are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 ceramsite proppant indexes
It can be seen from the examples that the water-based drill cuttings and bauxite mixture ratio has a great influence on the physical properties and performances of the ceramic proppant. Along with the increase of the using amount of the water-based drilling cuttings, the volume density and the apparent density of the ceramsite proppant are gradually increased, and the breaking rate is continuously reduced. Considering practical application, in order to obtain the low-density high-strength ceramsite proppant, physical property and performance influence need to be balanced, and the water-based drilling cuttings and bauxite accounting for 30 percent and 70 percent respectively are the optimal conditions. Therefore, the invention adopts water-based drilling rock debris and bauxite as raw materials, and obtains the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant by controlling the mixture ratio of the raw materials.
Claims (10)
1. The low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40% of water-based drilling rock debris and 60-80% of bauxite.
2. The method for preparing the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant as recited in claim 1, wherein the water-based drilling rock debris and the bauxite are ball-milled and mixed to obtain powder, the powder is granulated to prepare a green body, and the green body is sintered at high temperature to obtain the ceramsite proppant.
3. The method for preparing the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 2, wherein the sintering adopts a two-step sintering method: the temperature is raised to 1250-1350 ℃, the temperature is preserved for a first preset time, then the temperature is lowered to 1100-1200 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for a second preset time.
4. The preparation method of the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 3, wherein the specific temperature rise system of the two-step sintering method is as follows: heating to 1250-1350 deg.c at 1-2 deg.c/min and cooling to 1100-1200 deg.c at 3-5 deg.c/min.
5. The method for preparing the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 3, wherein the first preset time is 1-5min.
6. The method for preparing the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 3, wherein the second preset time is 2-4h.
7. The method for preparing the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 2, wherein the rotation speed during ball milling and mixing is 100-500r/min.
8. The preparation method of the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 2, wherein the green body prepared by granulating the powder material comprises the following specific steps: and adding the powder into a granulator, adding water for granulation by a spray method, and drying to obtain a green body.
9. The method for preparing the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 8, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the low-density high-strength environment-friendly ceramsite proppant according to claim 2, wherein the green compact is in the shape of a sphere with a diameter of 0.1-1.0 cm.
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2021
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