CN110950641A - Self-heat-release solid waste based ultralow-density proppant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-heat-release solid waste based ultralow-density proppant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum proppants, particularly relates to a self-heat-release solid waste-based ultralow-density proppant, particularly relates to a proppant prepared by using solid waste nickel-iron slag and fluidized bed gasification fly ash as raw materials, and further discloses a preparation method of the proppant. The self-heat-release solid waste based ultralow-density proppant disclosed by the invention is prepared by taking industrial solid waste-nickel iron slag and fluidized bed fly ash as main raw materials, adding a small amount of binder and fluxing agent, and performing the steps of grinding, granulating, screening, sintering, screening and the like, and the obtained proppant has the advantages of high pressure resistance and ultralow density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum proppants, particularly relates to a self-heat-release solid waste-based ultralow-density proppant, particularly relates to a proppant prepared by using solid waste nickel-iron slag and fluidized bed gasification fly ash as raw materials, and further discloses a preparation method of the proppant.
Background
In the oil exploitation process, the oil fracturing process technology plays an important role, but the problems of high crude oil viscosity, low rock stratum void ratio, poor void connectivity and the like in an oil field bring great difficulty to oil exploitation work. In order to increase the yield of crude oil and the rate of oil recovery, petroleum proppants are commonly used to increase the formation porosity and pore connectivity. The petroleum propping agent is a propping substance which can keep the rock fracture in the deep stratum in a cracking state, has certain roundness and sphericity, and can select the particle size. It is generally believed that petroleum proppants are the key technical point for success of petroleum fracturing process technology, and the use of high quality petroleum proppants has an important role in the recovery of crude oil.
Petroleum proppants are special materials necessary for fracturing operation of oil and gas fields, and play an important role in development of low-permeability oil and gas fields. At first, quartz sand, ceramsite sand and the like are directly used as a propping agent, but as the propping agent needs to bear large impact force and closing stress in the using process, a large amount of fragments and fine silt are generated, and the substances can block cracks so as to reduce the flow conductivity of the cracks. The traditional ceramic proppant in China is prepared by using bauxite and hard clay as raw materials through powder granulation and high-temperature sintering, and the bonding phase of the finished product is a high-strength corundum-mullite phase. However, along with the extensive development and utilization of mine resources in China, bauxite which is a main raw material for manufacturing ceramsite by the traditional method has a large price rise, and bauxite resources are increasingly tense. Therefore, the search for cheap and effective alternative raw materials for producing low-density high-strength ceramsite proppant is one of the pursuits of the field.
The ferronickel slag is industrial waste slag generated in the process of smelting ferronickel alloy or refining metallic nickel from laterite-nickel ore, and the discharge amount of the ferronickel slag is increased year by year along with the gradual expansion of the ferronickel scale in China. In recent years, the annual emission of nickel-iron slag in China is reported to exceed 3000 million tons, and the nickel-iron slag becomes the fourth-largest smelting slag after iron slag, steel slag and red mud in China. At present, the treatment method of the large-scale ferronickel slag mainly comprises stacking treatment or deep sea landfill, which not only occupies land and pollutes the environment, but also brings a serious challenge to the storable development of ferronickel smelting. Therefore, the research on recycling of the nickel-iron slag is greatly developed, and is very important in the aspects of environmental protection, resource utilization and the like.
For example, Chinese patent CN104479665A discloses a petroleum fracturing proppant prepared from ferronickel slag as a raw material, and the scheme solves the problem of resource utilization of the ferronickel slag to a certain extent, but the prepared proppant has high density and is difficult to adapt to the development direction of light weight, high strength and low price of the existing oil field proppant.
Fluidized bed fly ash is generally a waste produced in the fluidized bed gasification process, and has high carbon content, generally about 30%, sometimes as high as 40%, and a heat value of 10-14 MJ/kg. At present, the common treatment method for the fluidized bed fly ash is to directly enter a boiler for combustion after granulation or mix the granulated fly ash with pulverized coal for combustion in the boiler. However, in the actual process, the fluidized bed gasification furnace is often lack of a boiler on the use site, and meanwhile, because the fly ash has small particle size and short retention time in the furnace, the fly ash still has high carbon content after combustion, so that the ignition loss can not meet the standard requirement, and the treatment of residual ash is still difficult. Therefore, a simple and efficient method for treating the fly ash in the fluidized bed is required to realize zero emission in the gasification process of the fluidized bed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a self-heat-release solid waste base ultralow-density proppant so as to solve the problem that the ferronickel slag petroleum proppant in the prior art has high self weight.
In order to solve the technical problems, the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant provided by the invention comprises the following preparation raw materials:
60-70 parts of nickel-iron slag;
10-20 parts of fluidized bed fly ash;
8-15 parts of a binder;
5-10 parts of fluxing agent.
Preferably, the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant is prepared by the following raw materials:
65 parts of nickel-iron slag;
15 parts of fluidized bed fly ash;
12 parts of a binder;
8 parts of fluxing agent.
The binder comprises bentonite, diatomite or water glass.
The fluxing agent comprises feldspar, plant ash and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compounds.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the self-exothermic solid waste based ultralow-density proppant, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and carrying out ball milling treatment;
(2) mixing selected amounts of the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and granulating;
(3) drying and sintering the granulated green body, cooling and screening to obtain the finished product.
In the step (1), the ball milling step is carried out until the particle size is not more than 45 μm.
In the step (2), the granulating step is to spray water for granulation by a sugar coating machine.
In the step (3), the drying step is drying at 60-80 ℃ until the water content is lower than 8%.
In the step (3), the temperature of the sintering step is controlled to 1100-.
The sintering time of the sintering step is 0.5-1 h.
The self-heat-release solid waste based ultralow-density proppant disclosed by the invention is prepared by taking industrial solid waste-nickel iron slag and fluidized bed fly ash as main raw materials, adding a small amount of binder and fluxing agent, and performing the steps of grinding, granulating, screening, sintering, screening and the like, and the obtained proppant has the advantages of high pressure resistance and ultralow density. On one hand, the mixing amount of the nickel-iron slag and the fluidized bed solid waste can reach more than 80%, and the self-heat-release solid waste based ultralow-density proppant realizesThe cost can be effectively reduced by applying a large amount of impurities and high added value of industrial solid wastes; moreover, as the carbon content of the fluidized bed fly ash is high, in the firing process, the carbon combustion heat release provides partial energy for the sintering process, the sintering temperature in the whole preparation process is low, the energy consumption is reduced, the energy conservation and emission reduction is realized by more than 20%, and the heat conduction of a common firing method is reduced, so that the firing time is shortened; in addition, pores are formed on fly ash particles after the fly ash of the fluidized bed is sintered, so that mineral substances in the fly ash are effectively combined with the nickel-iron slag, the binder and the cosolvent, the strength is improved, and the density of the proppant is effectively reduced, and according to the determination, the volume density of the proppant is about 1.10-1.25g/cm3Apparent density of about 2.10-2.30g/cm3The strength can reach 52MPa under the condition of no coating, the acid solubility is about 3.00-7.00%, the breaking rate of 52MPa is 1.00-9.00%, and the sphericity is about 0.90, so that the low density and high strength are realized in the true sense, and the method has extremely high industrial application value.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant disclosed by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials: 65kg of nickel-iron slag, 15kg of fluidized bed fly ash, 10kg of bentonite and 6kg of feldspar.
The preparation method of the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and grinding the materials to a particle size of not more than 45 mu m by using a ball mill for later use;
(2) weighing the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent according to the selected amount, mixing, and performing conventional water spraying granulation by using a sugar coating machine;
(3) and drying the obtained granulation blank at 70 ℃ until the water content is not more than 8%, sintering at 1100 ℃ for 0.5h, and cooling and screening to obtain the ultralow-density proppant.
The bulk density of the formulation prepared in this example was found to be 1.15g/cm3Apparent density 2.35g/cm3The acid solubility is 6.90 percent, the 52MPa breakage rate is 7.37 percent, and the sphericity is 0.90 percent.
Example 2
The self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant disclosed by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials: 70kg of nickel-iron slag, 12kg of fluidized bed fly ash, 8kg of bentonite and 10kg of feldspar.
The preparation method of the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and grinding the materials to a particle size of not more than 45 mu m by using a ball mill for later use;
(2) weighing the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent according to the selected amount, mixing, and performing conventional water spraying granulation by using a sugar coating machine;
(3) and drying the obtained granulation blank at 70 ℃ until the water content is not more than 8%, sintering at 1150 ℃ for 0.5h, and cooling and screening to obtain the ultralow-density proppant.
The bulk density of the formulation prepared in this example was determined to be 1.19g/cm3Apparent density 2.38g/cm3The acid solubility is 6.83 percent, the 52MPa breakage rate is 7.21 percent, and the sphericity is 0.90.
Example 3
The self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant disclosed by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials: 65kg of nickel-iron slag, 15kg of fluidized bed fly ash, 10kg of bentonite and 6kg of feldspar.
The preparation method of the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and grinding the materials to a particle size of not more than 45 mu m by using a ball mill for later use;
(2) weighing the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent according to the selected amount, mixing, and performing conventional water spraying granulation by using a sugar coating machine;
(3) and drying the obtained granulation blank at 70 ℃ until the water content is not more than 8%, sintering at 1100 ℃ for 1h, and cooling and screening to obtain the ultralow-density proppant.
The bulk density of the formulation prepared in this example was determined to be 1.16g/cm3Apparent density 2.27g/cm3The acid solubility is 6.13 percent, the 52MPa breakage rate is 6.94 percent, and the sphericity is 0.90 percent.
Example 4
The self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant disclosed by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials: 60kg of nickel-iron slag, 20kg of fluidized bed fly ash, 15kg of bentonite and 5kg of feldspar.
The preparation method of the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and grinding the materials to a particle size of not more than 45 mu m by using a ball mill for later use;
(2) weighing the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent according to the selected amount, mixing, and performing conventional water spraying granulation by using a sugar coating machine;
(3) and drying the obtained granulation blank at 70 ℃ until the water content is not more than 8%, sintering at 1150 ℃ for 1h, and cooling and screening to obtain the ultralow-density proppant.
The bulk density of the formulation prepared in this example was determined to be 1.11g/cm3Apparent density 2.23g/cm3The acid solubility is 6.74 percent, the 52MPa breakage rate is 7.88 percent, and the sphericity is 0.90 percent.
Example 5
The self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant disclosed by the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials: 68kg of nickel-iron slag, 10kg of fluidized bed fly ash, 14kg of bentonite and 8kg of feldspar.
The preparation method of the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and grinding the materials to a particle size of not more than 45 mu m by using a ball mill for later use;
(2) weighing the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent according to the selected amount, mixing, and performing conventional water spraying granulation by using a sugar coating machine;
(3) and drying the obtained granulation blank at 60 ℃ until the water content is not more than 8%, sintering at 1150 ℃ for 1h, and cooling and screening to obtain the ultralow-density proppant.
The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials:
60-70 parts of nickel-iron slag;
10-20 parts of fluidized bed fly ash;
8-15 parts of a binder;
5-10 parts of fluxing agent.
2. The self-exothermic solid waste-based ultra-low density proppant of claim 1, wherein the raw materials for its preparation comprise:
65 parts of nickel-iron slag;
15 parts of fluidized bed fly ash;
12 parts of a binder;
8 parts of fluxing agent.
3. The self-exothermic solid waste-based ultra-low density proppant of claim 1 or 2, wherein the binder comprises bentonite, diatomaceous earth, or water glass.
4. The self-exothermic solid waste-based ultra-low density proppant of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the fluxing agent comprises feldspar, plant ash, alkali metals, or alkaline earth metal compounds.
5. A method of making the self-exothermic solid waste-based ultra low density proppant of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
(1) respectively taking the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and carrying out ball milling treatment;
(2) mixing selected amounts of the nickel-iron slag, the fluidized bed fly ash, the binder and the fluxing agent, and granulating;
(3) drying and sintering the granulated green body, cooling and screening to obtain the finished product.
6. The method for preparing the self-exothermic solid waste-based ultra-low density proppant as set forth in claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the ball milling step is processing to a particle size of not more than 45 μm.
7. The method for preparing the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in the step (2), the granulating step is water spray granulation by a sugar coating machine.
8. The method for preparing the self-exothermic solid waste based ultra-low density proppant according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein in the step (3), the drying step is drying at 60-80 ℃ to a water content of less than 8%.
9. The method for preparing the self-exothermic solid-waste-based ultra-low density proppant as set forth in any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the temperature of the sintering step in the step (3) is controlled to 1100-1150 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the self-exothermic solid waste-based ultra-low density proppant according to claim 9, wherein in the step (3), the sintering time of the sintering step is 0.5-1 h.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111410547A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-07-14 | 中南大学 | Solid waste based ceramic catalytic membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112080271A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-15 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Nickel-iron slag-based petroleum fracturing propping agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113755152A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-07 | 北京嘉禾石油技术有限公司 | Method for preparing fracturing propping agent by using waste residues generated by smelting laterite-nickel ore |
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| CN111410547A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-07-14 | 中南大学 | Solid waste based ceramic catalytic membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111410547B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-06-22 | 中南大学 | Solid waste based ceramic catalytic membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113755152A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-07 | 北京嘉禾石油技术有限公司 | Method for preparing fracturing propping agent by using waste residues generated by smelting laterite-nickel ore |
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