CN115722871A - Machining method of ball sliding pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method of a ball sliding pipe, which adopts a special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process, processes processed thin-wall parts to ensure that the outer surface and the inner hole of the thin-wall parts are not changed, and only generates plasticity to metal materials at the position of an arc groove, and comprises the following specific steps: 1) Manufacturing a thin-wall part; 2) Extruding the thin wall; 3) High-frequency treatment; 4) And (5) detecting a finished product. Through the mode, the method for processing the ball sliding tube adopts the special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process, overcomes the problems of cracks, breakage, irregular shapes after extrusion, sudden deformation after stress release and the like of parts in thin-wall deformation, ensures high requirements of all sizes and form and position tolerances of an inner hole and an arc groove, achieves the aim of improving the precision and the efficiency, ensures that the outer surface and the inner hole are not changed, and only requires drawing paper to equally divide the metal material at the position of a small arc groove with 120 degrees into plastic deformation.

Description

Machining method of ball sliding pipe

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automobile parts, in particular to a machining method of a ball sliding pipe.

Background

The ball sliding pipe is used for being matched with a ball sliding shaft to form a steering column used in an automobile steering system, an arc groove is arranged on the inner wall of the ball sliding pipe at intervals of every 120 degrees in the circumferential direction, arcs at the edges of the three arc grooves are excessive, and the sliding track of the inner arc groove is in precise sliding fit with the roller of the steel ball retainer.

When the ball sliding pipe is processed, the inner wall is formed into a thin-wall part, and the problems of cracks, breakage, irregular shape after extrusion, sudden deformation after stress release and the like exist in thin-wall deformation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a method for processing a ball sliding tube, which can overcome the problems of cracks, breakage, irregular shapes after extrusion, sudden deformation after stress release and the like of parts in thin-wall deformation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the method for processing the ball sliding pipe is characterized in that a special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process is adopted, the processed thin-wall part is processed, so that the outer surface and the inner hole of the thin-wall part are not changed, and only the metal material at the position of the arc groove is subjected to plasticity, and the method comprises the following specific steps of:

1) Manufacturing of thin-walled parts: selecting a pipe with proper thickness and roughness, completely annealing the selected pipe, then carrying out component analysis on the whole pipe by an infrared spectrometer, and cutting the pipe on an automatic sawing machine according to the size required by a drawing so as to obtain a thin-walled part required by processing;

2) Thin-wall extrusion: performing special-shaped thin-wall extrusion treatment on the thin-wall part obtained in the step 1), and controlling the straightness, the torsion resistance and the diameter of the arc groove after extrusion;

3) High-frequency treatment: carrying out high-frequency quenching and shaping on the thin-wall part extruded in the step 2);

4) And (3) finished product detection: lettering, cleaning and crack detection are carried out on the thin-wall part processed in the step 3), and a finished product is finally obtained.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cut pipe is subjected to a rough machining and a first phosphaponification in step 1).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rough machining comprises rough turning of two planes, rough turning of an outer circle, rough centerless grinding of an outer circle and rough drilling of a bore hole.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thin-walled part is subjected to a first finishing before the high-frequency treatment in step 3).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first finish machining comprises finish turning of two end faces, a first finish boring hole and finish turning of an outer circle.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high frequency treatment in step 3) is followed by a second finishing.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second finishing comprises finish turning the bore outer circular groove, second finishing the bore, and polishing.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second phosphorization and saponification process is required between the high-frequency quenching and the shaping in step 3).

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a processing method of a ball sliding pipe, which adopts a special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process, overcomes the problems of cracks, breakage, irregular shapes after extrusion, sudden deformation after stress release and the like of parts in thin-wall deformation, ensures the high requirements of all sizes and form and position tolerances of an inner hole and an arc groove, achieves the aim of improving the precision and the efficiency, ensures that the outer surface and the inner hole are not changed, and only requires drawing to equally divide the position of a small arc groove of 120 degrees into plastic deformation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a finished product after being processed by a method for processing a ball sliding tube according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a process flow chart of a method for processing a ball sliding tube according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention includes:

a method for machining a ball sliding tube adopts a special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process, and processes a machined thin-wall part to ensure that the outer surface and the inner hole of the thin-wall part are not changed, only the metal material at the position of an arc groove is subjected to plasticity, so that the problems of cracks, breakage, irregular shapes after extrusion, sudden deformation after stress release and the like of the part in thin-wall deformation are solved, and the high requirements of all sizes and form and position tolerances of the inner hole and the arc groove are ensured, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the precision and the efficiency, reducing the cost of similar products by 30-50 percent, prolonging the service life of the same products, and being more durable and environment-friendly.

The method comprises the following specific steps:

1) Manufacturing of thin-walled parts: selecting a pipe with proper thickness and roughness, completely annealing the selected pipe, then carrying out component analysis on the whole pipe through an infrared spectrometer, and cutting the pipe on an automatic sawing machine according to the size required by a drawing so as to obtain a thin-wall part required by processing.

Selecting the pipe with proper thickness and roughness, heating the pipe to 780 ℃, preserving heat for 4-6 hours, then discharging the pipe from a furnace in a cold mode, performing component analysis on the whole pipe through an infrared spectrometer, combining a plurality of pipes into a jaw of a numerical control sawing machine, flattening the plane, clamping the plane, welding the root of the pipe firmly, sawing off the part of the head of the stub bar with the size smaller than the requirement of a drawing (the head is sawn off by at least 180mm due to the fact that the length is different), processing according to the requirement of the drawing (if the end face of a blanking part is not vertical, adjusting in time) after the cold drawing, and finally processing to the position 60-80 mm away from the welding position, and placing the welding part and the head of the blanking part into an isolation region with the blanking length of 121 mm.

The complete annealing is to unify the structure, soften the structure, refine the particles, improve the processing performance, ensure the hardness precision of the cold extrusion ball groove: < HV 190.

And performing rough machining and primary phosphorization and saponification treatment on the cut pipe, wherein the rough machining comprises rough turning of two planes, rough turning of an excircle, rough centerless grinding of the excircle and rough drilling and boring.

2) Thin-wall extrusion: performing special-shaped thin-wall extrusion treatment on the thin-wall part obtained in the step 1), and controlling the straightness, the torsion degree and the diameter of the arc groove after extrusion to ensure that the straightness, the torsion degree and the diameter of the arc groove are respectively 0.02 mu m/80mm, 0.03 DEG/80 mm and phi 21.4mm, and the thinnest part of the thin-wall part is only 2mm.

Installing an upper die and a lower die on an oil press, adjusting the size of an ejector rod, adjusting equal-height spacing, adjusting the pressure of the oil press to 12-20Mpa, inserting the small end of the part into a die cylinder, pressing a start button, extruding the oil press to spacing, then pressing the start button, and ejecting, so as to ensure the roughness (axial direction) of the arc groove: ra1.2 max, the arc groove roughness (radial): ra5.0 max.

And performing primary finish machining on the thin-walled part before high-frequency treatment, wherein the primary finish machining comprises finish turning of two end faces, a primary finish boring hole and a finish turning of an excircle.

3) High-frequency treatment: carrying out high-frequency quenching and shaping on the thin-wall part extruded in the step 2), and carrying out high-frequency quenching only on the arc groove position to ensure that the hardness is HRC:50-55, quenching depth: 0.6-1.0mm, the excircle structure is not allowed to change, and the hardness is less than HRC35.

And a second phosphorization and saponification treatment is required between the high-frequency quenching and the shaping.

And performing secondary fine machining after the high-frequency treatment, wherein the secondary fine machining comprises finish turning of a boring outer circular groove, secondary fine boring and polishing, and the polishing is used for removing oxide skin on the surface of the thin-walled part after cutting.

4) And (3) finished product detection: lettering, cleaning and crack detection are carried out on the thin-walled part processed in the step 3), a finished product is finally obtained, an ultrasonic cleaning machine is used for cleaning the lettered thin-walled part, and then a flaw detector is used for crack detection.

The rough turning two planes, the rough turning outer circle, the rough drilling bore hole, the finish turning two end faces, the first finish boring hole, the finish turning outer circle, the finish turning bore hole outer circle groove and the second finish boring hole are all processed by a numerical control lathe, the steps are the same, the difference lies in that the processed faces and used tools are different, the processing steps are that a core rod is arranged in a main shaft inner hole of the numerical control lathe, the limit calibration three-jaw jumping is less than 0.03, the pipe is placed into a chuck and is tightly pushed by a right hand, the pipe is tightly pressed by the right hand after being leaned against a limit reference, then a pedal is pressed on a switch of the numerical control lathe to be clamped, the door of the numerical control lathe is pressed by a starting button, and the size required by a drawing is processed.

Different from the prior art, the method for processing the ball sliding tube adopts a special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process, overcomes the problems of cracks, breakage, irregular shapes after extrusion, sudden deformation after stress release and the like of parts in thin-wall deformation, ensures high requirements of all sizes and form and position tolerances of an inner hole and an arc groove, achieves the aim of improving the precision and the efficiency, ensures that the outer surface and the inner hole are not changed, only requires drawing to equally divide a metal material at a position of a 120-degree small arc groove to generate plastic deformation, reduces the cost of similar products by 30-50 percent, prolongs the service life of the products, is more durable and environment-friendly, can obviously improve the surface quality of a finished piece under the special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process, greatly saves materials, improves the production efficiency and achieves the aim of reducing the product cost.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that all the components are general standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, the structure and principle of the components can be known by technical manuals or by conventional test methods, and the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, so as to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or the component referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A processing method of a ball sliding pipe is characterized in that a special-shaped thin-wall extrusion process is adopted, processed thin-wall parts are processed, the outer surfaces and inner holes of the thin-wall parts are not changed, and only metal materials at the positions of arc grooves are subjected to plasticity, and the processing method comprises the following specific steps:

1) Manufacturing of thin-walled parts: selecting a pipe with proper thickness and roughness, completely annealing the selected pipe, then carrying out component analysis on the whole pipe by an infrared spectrometer, and cutting the pipe on an automatic sawing machine according to the size required by a drawing so as to obtain a thin-walled part required by processing;

2) Thin-wall extrusion: carrying out special-shaped thin-wall extrusion treatment on the thin-wall part obtained in the step 1), and controlling the straightness, the torsion resistance and the diameter of the arc groove after extrusion;

3) High-frequency treatment: carrying out high-frequency quenching and shaping on the thin-wall part extruded in the step 2);

4) And (3) finished product detection: lettering, cleaning and crack detection are carried out on the thin-wall part processed in the step 3), and a finished product is finally obtained.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cut pipe is subjected to rough machining and a first phosphorization and saponification process in step 1).

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said rough machining comprises rough turning of two flat surfaces, rough turning of an outer circle, rough centerless grinding of an outer circle, and rough drilling of a bore hole.

4. The method for processing a ball sliding tube according to claim 1, wherein the thin-walled member is subjected to a first finish machining before the high-frequency treatment in step 3).

5. The method for machining the ball sliding tube according to claim 4, wherein the first finish machining comprises finish machining of two end faces, a first finish boring hole and finish machining of an outer circle.

6. The ball sliding tube processing method according to claim 1, wherein a second finishing is performed after the high frequency treatment of step 3).

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second finishing comprises finish turning the bore outer circular groove, second finishing boring and polishing.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein a second phosphorization and saponification process is required between the high-frequency quenching and the shaping in step 3).

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