CN115720878B - Batch grading catching device for large-scale cage cultured fishes and using method - Google Patents
Batch grading catching device for large-scale cage cultured fishes and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115720878B CN115720878B CN202211440778.5A CN202211440778A CN115720878B CN 115720878 B CN115720878 B CN 115720878B CN 202211440778 A CN202211440778 A CN 202211440778A CN 115720878 B CN115720878 B CN 115720878B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a batch grading catching device for large-scale net cage cultured fishes, which relates to the technical field of fishing catching devices and comprises a large-scale net cage and further comprises: the small lifting fish lifting net cage is characterized in that a fishing opening is formed in the top, an inflatable gravity sinking and floating structure is arranged at the bottom, and the inflatable gravity sinking and floating structure drives a net coat of the small lifting fish lifting net cage to float or sink; the fish passing channel is horizontally arranged between the large-scale culture net cage and the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage and comprises a left side channel and a right side channel which are detachably and fixedly connected; the left side channel is connected with the small lifting fish lifting net cage in a sewing way, and a closing device is arranged at a position close to the small lifting fish lifting net cage; the right side channel is connected with the large-scale cultivation net cage in a sewing way, and a closing device is arranged at a position close to the large-scale cultivation net cage; the fish classifying grille is vertically arranged in the left channel and is detachably and fixedly connected with the left channel. After the device is operated according to the using method, the fish water ratio in the net cage is greatly improved, and the fishing is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fishing catching devices, in particular to a batch grading catching device for large-scale cage cultured fishes and a use method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the mariculture industry in China, offshore large-scale mariculture brings a series of problems of industrial conflict, ecological hazard, disease risk, quality safety and the like. Therefore, the expansion of the mariculture industry from offshore to offshore and deep open sea has become a necessary trend of the mariculture industry in China.
As cage culture becomes more and more offshore, the water depth and sea condition level are increasing, and the larger the cage volume for culture, the technology of capturing cultured fish has become a concern. The fishing technology of the cage cultured fishes which is frequently adopted at present comprises net broadcasting fishing, cage inner purse net fishing, net clothes pulling fishing and the like, and the fishing modes have the advantages of simplicity and easiness and the disadvantage of needing more manpower. Wu Chuanchong the semi-submersible steel frame net cage built in Norway uses a mechanical driving and lifting method; the deep blue No. 1 full-submersible net cage in China adopts the floating box fishing technology. The fishing technique of the two net cages is too complex. And the whole fishing system is started for fishing partial fishes, so that the fish has a certain damage to the cultured fishes which are not planned to be fished.
At present, a simple and easy mechanized batch fishing device is urgently needed at home and abroad. For example, the invention with publication number of CN109221036B discloses a device for batch harvesting and culturing fish in huge net cages, which consists of four parts of a bottom pocket, a bottom pocket lifting rope, an upper cover and a guide rope. The bottom pocket consists of an extension wing net, a grading area and a fish collecting box, and has the main functions of accommodating the driven and collected fish and enabling the small-specification fish to escape; the bottom pocket lifting rope is made of steel ropes or ropes and has the main function of lifting or lifting the bottom pocket to the water surface; the upper cover consists of an upper cover frame and an upper cover net and has the main functions of expelling and gathering the farmed fish; the guide rope consists of 2 or more steel ropes and has the main function of enabling the upper cover to be accurately buckled on the bottom pocket during fishing. The device solves the problems of daily repeated fishing, regular fishing and different water layer fishing technology which are urgently needed by giant cage culture, and has the advantages of simple and convenient use and operation, labor saving and the like.
The device is used in a giant net cage, and is also complicated in the whole operation process in use, and because the device adopts mechanical automatic operation in fishing, the device possibly damages the fish shoals originally existing in the net cage, and the fish shoals possibly frighten and swim in the descending process of an upper cover, so that the density of the caught fish shoals is smaller, the space of a fish collecting box is larger, the density of the fish shoals is smaller when the fish is caught, and the operation of a fish sucking pump or a net is inconvenient;
in addition, the device needs to move in the vertical direction when in use, so that enough space is needed, the device is generally only suitable for a huge cage with high height, the applicability is poor for a huge cage with small height, once fish shoals enter the space formed by the upper cover and the bottom pocket, the mesh size of the netting on the wing net and the grading area is set to be the standard for preventing the caught target fish from escaping, namely, the fish with small specification can be drilled out from the netting, but the fish collecting box of the bottom pocket rolled by the winch has short duration when the running speed is high, the escape time of small fish entering the space formed by the upper cover and the bottom pocket is short, the small fish is difficult to drill out from the netting under the obstruction of large fish, the possibility of non-uniform specification in the finally caught fish shoals is high, the fishing efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is increased when the running speed is reduced.
It is known that the deep-open sea large-scale cage culture is the development direction of marine fish culture, and can expand the new culture space and utilize the deep-open sea high-quality water source to culture high-quality aquatic products. The large-scale cultivation net cage has large one-time cultivation scale and high yield, and the cultivated adult fishes are large or small, and need to be caught in batches and put on the market. The large-sized net cage has larger structure and troublesome operation, so that a capturing device convenient for capturing and enlarging is required to be designed, and the large-sized net cage and the ultra-large-sized net cage are matched with each other to adopt a correct capturing method, so that the large-sized net cage and the ultra-large-sized net cage are suitable for the development requirement of intensive cultivation. Therefore, the invention provides a batch grading catching device for large-scale net cage cultured fishes and a using method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect of smaller density of fish shoal for being caught by a fish sucking pump or a dip net in a net cage in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a batch grading catching device for large-scale net cage cultured fishes and a using method thereof, and the specific scheme is as follows:
the batch grading catching device for the large-scale net cage cultured fishes comprises a large-scale net cage and further comprises:
the small lifting fish lifting net cage is characterized in that a fishing opening is formed in the top of the small lifting fish lifting net cage, an inflatable gravity sinking and floating structure is arranged at the bottom of the small lifting fish lifting net cage, and the inflatable gravity sinking and floating structure drives a net of the small lifting fish lifting net cage to float or sink;
the fish passing channel is horizontally arranged between the large-scale culture net cage and the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage and comprises a left side channel and a right side channel which are detachably and fixedly connected;
the left side channel is connected with the small lifting fish lifting net cage in a sewing way, and a closing device is arranged at a position close to the small lifting fish lifting net cage;
the right side channel is connected with the large-scale cultivation net cage in a sewing way, and a closing device is arranged at a position close to the large-scale cultivation net cage;
the fish classifying grille is vertically arranged in the left channel and is detachably and fixedly connected with the left channel.
Through the technical scheme, when the fishing group needs to be lifted, the inflatable gravity floating structure does not inflate, the netting of the small lifting type fishing net cage floats downwards under the action of gravity until vertical forming is achieved, and the small lifting type fishing net cage, the fish passing channel and the large culture net cage are kept to be communicated. The bait is put into the small lifting fish lifting net cage, the fish shoal enters the small lifting fish lifting net cage from the large-scale fish lifting net cage through the fish passing channel, after the quantity reaches a required value, the communication port between the fish passing channel and the two net cages is quickly closed through the control closing device, fish is prevented from being transferred again, the left side channel and the right side channel are separated and are separated due to the fact that the left side channel and the right side channel are detachably and fixedly connected, the fish grading grid is arranged on the left side channel, the left side channel and the right side channel are reconnected, and the small lifting fish lifting net cage, the fish passing channel and the large-scale fish lifting net cage are restored to be communicated.
Bait is put into the large-scale cultivation net cage, the small-size fish can return to the large-scale cultivation net cage again for continuous cultivation under the action of the fish grading grating, and the large-size fish is left in the small-size lifting fish lifting net cage. The inflatable gravity floating structure is inflated until the inflatable gravity floating structure floats upwards to drive the netting to be lifted to the water surface, at this time, the volume of water in the small lifting fish lifting net cage is greatly reduced, the fish water ratio in the net cage is greatly improved, and the net cage is convenient for fishing by a dip net or sucking by a fish sucking pump.
Further, the small lifting fish lifting net cage comprises a frame structure and a conical net structure from top to bottom, wherein the frame structure floats on the water surface;
the inflatable gravity floating structure is arranged as a gravity hollow steel pipe, the bottom of the gravity hollow steel pipe is provided with a water outlet, the upper part of the gravity hollow steel pipe is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected to the water surface through a hose;
a stop valve is connected to the hose and is matched with the hose to convey compressed gas to the gravity hollow steel pipe;
when the stop valve is opened, compressed gas enters the gravity hollow steel pipe through the hose, sea water in the gravity hollow steel pipe is discharged, and when the buoyancy reaches and exceeds the net weight of the gravity hollow steel pipe and the conical net structure, the stop valve is closed, and the gravity hollow steel pipe floats on the water surface.
Through the technical scheme, the lifting of the conical net structure can be realized by only controlling the working state of the stop valve under the cooperation of the stop valve, the hose and the gravity hollow steel pipe.
Further, the stop valve and the hose are arranged on the water surface through the floater and the hauling rope.
Further, the left side channel is connected with the middle part of the small lifting fish lifting net cage;
the left side channel and the right side channel are connected through a movable buckle suture rope.
Through the technical scheme, the quick separation of the left side channel and the right side channel can be realized by the arrangement of the movable buckle suture rope.
Further, the distance from the left side channel and the right side channel to the movable buckle sewing rope is not smaller than the height of the movable buckle sewing rope from the water surface by taking the position of the closing device as a starting point.
Through the technical scheme, the fish passing channel net can be pulled to the water surface after being closed, and the operation is convenient.
Further, the closing device comprises a plurality of rope rings and a lifting rope, wherein the plurality of rope rings are arranged outside along the circumferential array of the fish passing channel, the lifting rope penetrates through the rope rings, the lifting rope is connected with the rope rings through thin ropes, and the distance between the two adjacent rope rings is the distance between the two adjacent rope rings.
Further, the number of the rope loops is consistent with the number of the net lacing lines on the fish passage, and is not less than four.
Further, the shape and the size of the outer ring of the fish grading grating are consistent with those of the net cage body of the fish passing channel.
The method for using the batch grading fishing device for the large-scale net cage cultured fishes comprises the steps of installing a small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage at a preset position, connecting a fish passing channel, and connecting the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage, the large-scale fish lifting net cage and the fish passing channel without installing a fish grading grid in advance so as to ensure that the fish passing channel is opened;
after the large-scale aquaculture net cage is fasted for a period of time by using a bait method, feeding is carried out at the small-scale lifting type aquaculture net cage, the bait is induced to collect aquaculture fish, the fish is turned from the large-scale net cage to the small-scale lifting type aquaculture net cage through a fish passing channel, after the transfer quantity reaches the quantity required to be caught, two left and right closing devices are controlled to quickly close, then, a left side channel and a right side channel are separated, the closed left side channel is pulled to the water surface, then a fish grading grid is connected in the left side channel according to a preset position, the left side channel and the right side channel are reconnected, and the normal position is restored, so that the fish passing channel is smooth, the small-scale lifting type aquaculture net cage is fasted, and the bait is induced to transfer small-scale fish to the large-scale aquaculture net cage through the grid;
after the small-size fish is transferred to the large-size aquaculture net cage, the left and right closing devices are controlled to close quickly from the water surface again, so that the left channel and the right channel are closed again, then the left channel and the right channel are separated again, the small lifting type fish lifting net cage and the large-size aquaculture net cage are separated, the bottom netting of the small lifting type fish lifting net cage is lifted to the water surface by controlling the inflatable gravity floating structure, the water volume of the small lifting type fish lifting net cage is reduced, and finally the small lifting type fish lifting net cage is used for fishing or sucking a fish pump.
Further, the specific operation of controlling the fast closing-up of the closing-up device is as follows: pulling the lifting rope from the water surface, breaking the string connecting the lifting rope with the string ring after the lifting rope is stressed, gathering all string rings, and closing up the left side channel and the right side channel;
the specific steps of separating the left side channel from the right side channel are as follows: starting to unwind the movable buckle sewing rope from the water surface;
the specific operation of controlling the inflatable gravity floating structure is as follows: and opening a stop valve to control compressed air to enter the gravity hollow steel pipe, and gradually discharging water in the gravity hollow steel pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The whole fishing device is distributed in the horizontal direction, the small lifting fish lifting net cage and the fish passing channel are arranged outside the large-scale culture net cage, the small lifting fish lifting net cage and the fish passing channel actually play a role in fishing, the small lifting fish lifting net cage is used for sucking a fish pump or carrying a fish, the fish passing channel provides a reciprocating space between the two net cages for the fish, various operations in the actual whole fishing process cannot hurt the fish in the large-scale culture net cage, the small lifting fish lifting net cage and the fish passing channel can be left on one side of the large-scale culture net cage in the normal state, the culture work in the large-scale culture net cage cannot be influenced, the specification of the small lifting fish lifting net cage and the fish passing channel and the space required by the operation cannot be limited by the large-scale culture net cage, and cannot occupy the space of the large-scale culture net cage, therefore, compared with the mechanical batch fishing device arranged in the large-scale net cage, the device in the prior art is applicable to the large-scale culture net cage with a relatively large height.
(2) The small lifting fish lifting net cage is arranged, so long as the fish enters the small lifting fish lifting net cage, the fish channel is rapidly cut off through the closing device to be communicated with the small lifting fish lifting net cage, the fish cannot escape after being frightened, and the fish density in the small lifting fish lifting net cage is ensured to be larger; the small lifting fish lifting net cage is also lifted, but has shorter stroke, and the net is lifted after the inflatable gravity floating structure is arranged, so that the density of fish in the net cage is further improved, and the net is convenient for fishing by a dip net or sucking by a fish sucking pump.
(3) Therefore, compared with the mechanized batch fishing device adopted in the prior art, the small lifting fish lifting net cage provided by the invention is only required to be subjected to small improvement on the mechanical structure on the basis of the existing large-scale culture net cage, the inflatable gravity floating structure is arranged at the bottom of the small lifting fish lifting net cage, and the fish passing channel with a pure mechanical structure is arranged between the two net cages, so that fish grading and fishing can be efficiently and conveniently completed by matching with the closing device with the pure mechanical structure and the fish grading grid.
(4) The sewing operation, the loose knot sewing rope untangling operation and the closing operation of the invention can be completed manually or operated by mechanical external force. Because the operation is simpler, even the manpower is adopted, the time and the energy consumed by the operation are smaller than those of the prior art if the operation is carried out by adopting mechanical external force.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the capture device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the fishing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic diagram of an inflatable gravity sink-float structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the netting of the small lift fish cage floating up to the water surface;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a living clasp suture rope between a left side channel and a right side channel;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a necking-in apparatus;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a fish grading grill.
Reference numerals: 1. large-scale cultivation net cage; 2. small lifting fish lifting net cage; 21. a frame structure; 22. a conical netting structure; 23. an inflatable gravity floating structure; 3. a fish passing channel; 31. a left side channel; 32. a right side channel; 33. movably buckling a sewing rope; 331. a live rope end; 34. a force line; 4. a water outlet; 5. an air inlet; 6. a hose; 7. a stop valve; 8. a closing device; 81. a rope loop; 82. a lifting rope; 821. an annular mouth; 9. a fish grading grid; 10. a float; 11. a traction rope.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a batch grading fishing device for large-scale net cage cultured fishes, which comprises a large-scale net cage 1 for culturing fishes, a small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage 2 which can be conveniently operated, a fish passing channel 3 which can be quickly sewed and is used for connecting the two net cages, and a fish grading grid 9 arranged in the fish passing channel 3.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 is a frame type gravity net cage, the top is a frame structure 21 capable of floating on the water surface and used for forming a fishing mouth for operating the fish lifting group, the middle box is a conical net structure 22, the bottom is an inflatable gravity floating structure 23, the inflatable gravity floating structure 23 is arranged as a gravity hollow steel pipe, and the space inside can carry water. When the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 is arranged in water, the frame structure 21 floats on the water surface, and the conical net structure 22 is vertically molded under the action of the gravity hollow steel pipe. After the fish is inflated to a certain amount, the net of the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 can be driven to float upwards.
The water outlet 4 is arranged at the bottom of the gravity hollow steel pipe, the air inlet 5 is arranged at the upper part of the gravity hollow steel pipe, the air inlet 5 is connected to the water surface through the hose 6, the hose 6 is connected with the stop valve 7, and the two are matched with each other to convey compressed gas to the gravity hollow steel pipe. The stop valve 7 and the hose 6 are stabilized on the water surface through the float 10 and the hauling rope 11, so that the monitoring and the operation of workers are facilitated. Because the weight of the gravity hollow steel pipe and the weight of the water can be used for sinking the gravity hollow steel pipe into water, when the air inlet 5 continuously conveys compressed air into the gravity hollow steel pipe, meanwhile, the water in the gravity hollow steel pipe can be discharged from the water outlet 4, so that the total weight of the gravity hollow steel pipe is lightened.
The lifting of the conical net structure 22 is realized through the lifting system, compressed air is controlled to enter the gravity hollow steel pipe through the stop valve 7 to discharge water of the gravity hollow steel pipe, when the buoyancy reaches and exceeds the net weight of the gravity hollow steel pipe and the conical net structure 22 in water, the gravity hollow steel pipe floats up to the water surface and floats up together with the conical net structure 22 so as to reduce the net body volume of the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2, and when the gravity hollow steel pipe completely floats up to the water surface, the stop valve 7 is closed. At this time, the shoal of fish in the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 is concentrated, the fish density in the space is increased, and the fishing is facilitated.
Secondly, the whole fish passing channel 3 is in a long cylinder shape and is horizontally arranged between the large-scale culture net cage 1 and the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage 2, the height position is in the middle of the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage 2, the channel direction of the fish passing channel 3 is consistent with the tide direction, the tide direction is the direction indicated by double arrow in the figure, the tide is taken as a periodic horizontal movement phenomenon of the water body when the sea water horizontally fluctuates, and the netting of the fish passing channel 3 can be ensured to be opened under the inertia action of the sea water movement.
With reference to fig. 2 and 5, the fish passage 3 is sewn by using a netting and is divided into a left passage 31 and a right passage 32, the middle is detachably and fixedly connected by using a movable buckle sewing rope 33, and as shown in the figure, based on a movable buckle principle, the movable buckle sewing rope 33 is similar to a movable buckle line on the existing packaging bag, and specifically, a rope body sequentially passes through the netting on the left passage 31 and the right passage 32 through a specific threading path to form a knotted movable rope end 331, and the movable buckle sewing rope 33 is pulled out from the left passage 31 and the right passage 32 by pulling the movable rope end 331, so that the left passage 31 and the right passage 32 are separated.
The left channel 31 is connected with the middle part of the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 in a sewing way, and the left channel and the middle part are not required to be separated when not needed. The left side channel 31 is provided with a closing device 8 near the joint with the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2. The right side channel 32 is connected with the large-scale aquaculture net case 1 in a sewing way, the position is not limited, and the joint of the right side channel 32 close to the large-scale aquaculture net case 1 is also provided with a closing device 8 according to practical conditions. By arranging the closing-in device 8, when fish is prohibited from swimming out of the large-scale aquaculture net cage 1 or fish is prohibited from swimming into the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage 2, the connection port between the fish passing channel 3 and the two net cages is closed only by controlling the closing-in device 8.
Referring to fig. 2 and 6, the closing device 8 specifically includes a plurality of rope rings 81 arranged on the outside along the circumferential array of the fish passage 3 and a plurality of lifting ropes 82 passing through the rope rings 81, the rope rings 81 are circular, the number of the rope rings is identical to that of the net lacing 34 of the fish passage 3, the lacing 34 refers to that of the rope in the middle of the net or the seam thereof which bears the acting force and avoids the net from being broken and expanded, and the number of the rope rings 81 is not less than 4. The lifting rope 82 is a commonly used "lifting rope" in the art, and is usually installed between the sleeve end and the net bag of the net, and is used for pulling the net when the net is lifted. Since the inner diameter of the rope ring 81 is far greater than the diameter of the lifting rope 82, the lifting rope 82 and the rope ring 81 are further bound by a string for improving the structural stability between the two, the distance is the distance between two adjacent rope rings 81, the distance refers to the circumferential arc length of the netting of the lifting rope 82 and the rope ring 81 fixed by the string, namely the netting of two adjacent rope rings 81, and the rope ring 81 and the lifting rope 82 are further stably connected. As can be seen from fig. 6, one end of the leading rope 82 is formed with annular openings 821, the number of the annular openings 821 is not limited, when the number of the annular openings 821 exceeds one, the annular openings 821 are sequentially bundled, and the other end of the leading rope 82 sequentially passes through the rope ring 81 and then passes out of the annular opening 821 at the edge.
In order to control the lifting rope 82, the length of the lifting rope 82 is not limited, the length of the lifting rope 82 is required to be enough to extend to a position available to a worker after the free end of the lifting rope 82 passes through the water surface, the lifting rope 82 is gradually exposed out of the water surface after the worker pulls the lifting rope 82, and the rope rings 81 are gradually folded with each other, so that the fish passing channel 3 is tightened.
In addition, the lengths of the left channel 31 and the right channel 32 are not smaller than the height of the left channel and the right channel from the water surface, and furthermore, the distance from the left channel 31 and the right channel 32 to the movable buckle sewing rope 33 is not smaller than the height of the left channel and the right channel from the water surface by taking the position of the closing device 8 as a starting point, so that the fish passing channel 3 can be pulled to the water surface after being closed, and the operation is convenient.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, further, the fish grading grill 9 is vertically disposed in the left-side passage 31, and is detachably and fixedly connected to the left-side passage 31 at a position close to the sewing rope 33. The shape and the size of the outer ring of the fish grading grille 9 are consistent with those of the net cage body of the fish passing channel 3, and are connected with the net of the fish passing channel 3 in a sewing way. Because the suture is removable, fish classifying grid 9 and cross fish passageway 3 net are quick connect, for interchangeable device, fish classifying grid 9 device is fish size grading plant, inside including many parallel arrangement and be equipped with the body of rod of certain interval, change the fish classifying grid 9 of different intervals and decide to play to catch the fish of equidimension not, and this embodiment does not do the restriction.
When the fishes cultured in the large-scale culture net cage 1 reach the specification capable of being sold on the market, the fishes need to be sold in batches according to the market demands, so that the fishes need to be caught in batches in a grading manner, and the catching of the fishes according to the demands is realized. The batch grading catching device for the large-scale net cage cultured fishes is needed, and the specific using method is as follows:
after the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 is arranged at a preset position, the fish passing channel 3 is connected, the fish grading grid 9 is not arranged in advance, and the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2, the large culture net cage 1 and the fish passing channel 3 are communicated with each other so as to ensure that the fish passing channel 3 is opened;
after the large-scale aquaculture net cage 1 is fasted for a period of time by using a bait method, bait is thrown at the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage 2, the induced cultured fish is diverted from the large-scale net cage to the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage 2 through the fish passage 3, when the diverted quantity reaches the quantity required to be caught, the induced-force lines 82 on the fish passage 3 are lifted from the water surface at the same time, after the induced-force lines 82 are stressed, the strings connecting the induced-force lines 82 and the string rings 81 are broken, all the string rings 81 are gathered, and then the left-side passage 31 and the right-side passage 32 are closed. Then, the left channel 31 and the right channel 32 are separated from each other by unwinding the movable buckle suture rope 33 from the water surface, the closed left channel 31 is pulled to the water surface, the fish grading grid 9 is connected in the left channel 31 according to a preset position, the left channel 31 and the right channel 32 are reconnected, and the original position is restored, so that the smoothness of the fish passing channel 3 is ensured.
Thereafter, the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 is fasted, and the large culture net cage 1 is fed with bait, so that small-size fish of the small lifting fish lifting net cage 2 is induced to be transferred to the large culture net cage 1 through the grille.
After the small-size fish is transferred to the large-size aquaculture net cage 1, the closing device 8 is controlled again to quickly close the fish from the water surface, so that the left channel 31 and the right channel 32 are closed again, then the left channel 31 and the right channel 32 are separated again, the small lifting type fish lifting net cage 2 and the large-size aquaculture net cage 1 are separated, the air-filled gravity sinking and floating structure 23 is controlled, the stop valve 7 is opened to control compressed air to enter the gravity hollow steel pipe, water in the gravity hollow steel pipe is gradually discharged, the bottom netting of the small lifting type fish lifting net cage 2 is lifted to the water surface, the water volume of the small lifting type fish lifting net cage 2 is reduced, and finally the fish is caught by a dip net or a fish suction pump.
On the basis of the prior art, at most, it is thought that different types of grading catching devices are arranged in the large-scale aquaculture net cage 1, even if the grading catching devices with more automatic operation and perfected structure are arranged, the situation that the inside of the large-scale aquaculture net cage 1 is influenced still exists, and even if the grading catching devices are arranged outside the large-scale aquaculture net cage 1, only the grading catching devices which rely on mechanical automation are arranged.
According to the bait method, a small net cage which is independently used for attracting the fishes with qualified specifications is additionally arranged outside the large culture net cage 1, the small net cage is a core improvement of the method, the shape of the small net cage can be changed, the fish shoal can be supported to the water surface, the fishing is convenient, and the method is one of the core improvements of the method, and the batch grading fishing device for the large-scale net cage cultured fishes is formed by combining the improvements in the above description on the basis of the large culture net cage 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The batch grading catching device for the large-scale net cage cultured fishes comprises a large-scale net cage (1) and is characterized by further comprising:
the small lifting fish lifting net cage (2) is characterized in that a fishing opening is formed in the top of the small lifting fish lifting net cage (2), an inflatable gravity floating structure (23) is arranged at the bottom of the small lifting fish lifting net cage, the inflatable gravity floating structure (23) drives a net of the small lifting fish lifting net cage (2) to float or sink, the small lifting fish lifting net cage (2) comprises a frame structure (21) and a conical net structure (22) from top to bottom, the frame structure (21) floats on the water surface, the inflatable gravity floating structure (23) is arranged as a gravity hollow steel pipe, a water outlet (4) is formed in the bottom of the inflatable gravity floating structure, an air inlet (5) is formed in the upper portion of the inflatable gravity floating structure, the air inlet (5) is connected to the water surface through a hose (6), a stop valve (7) is connected to the hose (6), the pneumatic gravity hollow steel pipe is mutually matched to convey compressed air, when the stop valve (7) is opened, the compressed air enters the gravity hollow steel pipe through the hose, seawater in the gravity hollow steel pipe is discharged, and when the buoyancy reaches and exceeds the gravity hollow steel pipe and the gravity hollow steel pipe (22), and the stop valve (7) is closed on the water surface;
the fish passing channel (3) is horizontally arranged between the large-scale cultivation net cage (1) and the small-scale lifting fish lifting net cage (2) and comprises a left side channel (31) and a right side channel (32) which are detachably and fixedly connected;
the left channel (31) is connected with the small lifting fish lifting net cage (2) in a sewing way, and a closing device (8) is arranged at a position close to the small lifting fish lifting net cage (2);
the right side channel (32) is connected with the large-scale cultivation net cage (1) in a sewing way, and a closing device (8) is arranged at a position close to the large-scale cultivation net cage (1);
the fish grading grid (9) is vertically arranged in the left channel (31) and is detachably and fixedly connected with the left channel (31).
2. The batch grading catching device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop valve (7), the hose (6) are arranged on the water surface through a float (10) and a hauling rope (11).
3. The batch grading fishing device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the left side channel (31) is connected with the middle position of the small-scale lifting fish cage (2);
the left side channel (31) and the right side channel (32) are connected through a loose knot sewing rope (33).
4. A batch grading catching device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance from the left side channel (31) and the right side channel (32) to the living buckle sewing rope (33) is not less than the height from the water surface by taking the position of the closing device (8) as the starting point.
5. The batch grading catching device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing device (8) comprises a plurality of rope rings (81) arranged outside along the circumferential array of the fish passage (3), and a lifting rope (82) passing through the rope rings (81), wherein the lifting rope (82) is connected with the rope rings (81) by strings, and the interval is the distance between two adjacent rope rings (81).
6. The batch grading catching device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to claim 5, characterized in that the number of rope loops (81) is consistent with the number of net lacing lines (34) on the fish passage (3) and not less than four.
7. The batch grading catching device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape and size of the outer ring of the fish grading grating (9) are consistent with the cage body of the fish passage (3).
8. A method for using the batch grading fishing device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that after the small-scale lifting fish cage (2) is installed at a preset position, a fish passing channel (3) is connected, a fish grading grid (9) is not installed in advance, and the small-scale lifting fish lifting cage (2), the large-scale fish farmed cage (1) and the fish passing channel (3) are mutually communicated so as to ensure that the fish passing channel (3) is opened;
after a large-scale aquaculture net cage (1) is fasted for a period of time by using a bait method, bait is thrown at a small-scale lifting type aquaculture net cage (2), cultured fishes are induced to turn from the large-scale net cage to the small-scale lifting type aquaculture net cage (2) through a fish passing channel (3), after the transfer quantity reaches the quantity required to be caught, two left and right closing devices (8) are controlled to quickly close, then a left channel (31) and a right channel (32) are separated, the closed left channel (31) is pulled to the water surface, then a fish grading grid (9) is connected in the left channel (31) according to a preset position, the left channel (31) and the right channel (32) are reconnected, the normal position is restored, the smoothness of the fish passing channel (3) is ensured, the small-scale lifting type aquaculture net cage (2) is fasted, and the small-scale lifting type aquaculture net cage (2) is induced to be transferred to the large-scale aquaculture net cage (1) through the grid;
after the small-size fish is transferred to the large-size aquaculture net cage (1), the left closing device and the right closing device (8) are controlled to close quickly from the water surface again, so that the left channel (31) and the right channel (32) are closed again, then the left channel (31) and the right channel (32) are separated again, the small-size lifting fish lifting net cage (2) and the large-size aquaculture net cage (1) are separated, the bottom netting of the small-size lifting fish lifting net cage (2) is lifted to the water surface by controlling the inflatable gravity sinking and floating structure (23), the water volume of the small-size lifting fish lifting net cage (2) is reduced, and finally fishing or sucking is carried out by using a landing net fishing or sucking pump.
9. The method for using the batch grading catching device for large-scale cage farmed fish according to claim 8, wherein the specific operation of controlling the rapid closing of the left closing device (8) and the right closing device (8) is as follows: lifting the lifting rope (82) from the water surface, and breaking the string connecting the lifting rope (82) with the string ring (81) after the lifting rope (82) is stressed, wherein all the string rings (81) are gathered, so that the left side channel (31) and the right side channel (32) are closed;
the specific steps of separating the left side channel (31) from the right side channel (32) are as follows: starting to unwind the loose-buckle suture rope (33) from the water surface;
the specific operation of controlling the inflatable gravity floating structure (23) is as follows: and (3) opening a stop valve (7) to control compressed air to enter the gravity hollow steel pipe, and gradually discharging water in the gravity hollow steel pipe.
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