CN115710608B - Special slag ladle, device and method for separating molten steel from casting residue - Google Patents
Special slag ladle, device and method for separating molten steel from casting residue Download PDFInfo
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- CN115710608B CN115710608B CN202110966719.0A CN202110966719A CN115710608B CN 115710608 B CN115710608 B CN 115710608B CN 202110966719 A CN202110966719 A CN 202110966719A CN 115710608 B CN115710608 B CN 115710608B
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 233
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Landscapes
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special slag ladle, a device and a method for separating molten steel from casting slag, wherein the special slag ladle comprises a slag ladle body, and a slag overflow groove and a steel pouring opening which are arranged on the slag ladle body; the slag ladle body is of a barrel-shaped structure with a U-shaped vertical section, an opening at the upper part and a cavity in the middle; the slag overflow groove and the steel pouring opening are respectively arranged at two sides of the slag ladle body. When the ladle filled with part of molten iron is used for receiving the casting residual molten steel separated by casting residual slag, the invention adopts a special slag ladle overflow mode, slag in the casting residual slag flows into the slag pot through the slag overflow groove, the casting residual molten steel is reversely poured into the ladle, and the steel slag and the semisteel are respectively treated independently, so that the thermal recovery of the casting residual molten steel in the casting residual slag is realized. The special slag ladle, the device and the method for separating the molten steel from the casting slag not only recycle the hot molten steel in the casting slag, but also simplify the reprocessing flow of the casting slag, thereby having remarkable economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgical slag treatment, and particularly relates to a special slag ladle, a device and a method for separating molten steel from casting residues.
Background
The casting residue refers to the sum of steel slag and residual molten steel in the steel ladle after casting, and is called ladle slag, and the temperature is above 1500 ℃. In the current steelmaking technology, with the improvement of the purity requirement of molten steel, after refining is finished, the generated refining slag covers the upper part of the molten steel and is subjected to continuous casting together with qualified molten steel; pouring the cast residue after pouring into a conventional slag ladle, delivering to a waste slag field for hot splashing treatment, and cooling to recover steel slag and waste steel therein; however, in the traditional waste slag treatment method, the heat of the casting residue at a high temperature state cannot be utilized, and the slag and molten steel are cooled in a conventional slag ladle to form a large slag weight, so that the slag and the molten steel are required to be cut by oxygen, broken by a drop hammer and even blasted by explosive to be broken into small slag steel when the waste slag field is subjected to subsequent treatment, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed, the land is occupied, the environment is seriously polluted, and the separation of slag and slag steel cannot be realized, and the slag steel is separately recovered. For the treatment of casting residues, most of steel factories at home and abroad still adopt an original hot splashing-drop hammer process, so that the treatment process is long, the pollution is large, and the recovery efficiency of slag steel is poor and the grade is low; even with the more advanced grid processes, there is still greater contamination and higher processing costs.
In order to fully utilize the residual heat and effective chemical components of the hot casting residues, many domestic enterprises have carried out industrial tests for directly returning the carbon steel casting residues to the refining process: directly connecting the casting residue after continuous casting and pouring with a ladle to the lower part of a converter for steel receiving, and then entering an LF furnace for refining; the related test shows that: refining slag within 4 times (1-2 times with better effect) still has desulfurization capability, and each ladle of steel can reduce the consumption of fluxes such as lime, fluorite, bauxite and the like on the basis of recycling more than 1.1 ton of molten steel, thereby shortening the refining treatment period; the technology has the problems that the conversion rhythm of smelting steel types of modern enterprises is faster, the composition difference of different steel types and corresponding casting residues is larger, the steel types and the corresponding casting residues cannot be mixed, and the cyclic utilization of the hot casting residues in the refining process is greatly limited. Meanwhile, the method can only reduce the discharge amount of casting residues, and can not fundamentally solve the problems of treatment and road outlet of the casting residues.
Through the search of the separation technology of molten steel in casting residues, chinese patent CN 200995276Y discloses a slag ladle for separating molten steel from casting residues, wherein the body of the slag ladle is designed into a barrel-shaped structure with a V-shaped vertical section and a hollow cavity in the middle, the upper part of the slag ladle is opened, and a sliding water gap device for separating and discharging molten steel is arranged at the bottom of the slag ladle. The slag ladle is simple in structure and convenient to use, and can enable casting residues and molten steel to be rapidly separated and respectively and independently recycled. In addition, a ladle cover is arranged at the upper opening of the body; the outer wall of the lower part of the body is provided with a heating and heat-preserving device, so that heat loss can be reduced, heat can be supplemented, casting residues are always in a high-temperature state, and slag steel is convenient to separate naturally. Chinese patent CN101239384B discloses a method for separating molten steel from casting slag by pouring the casting slag from a ladle into a special ladle, and allowing the steel slag and molten steel to be layered at rest under the condition of proper heat compensation and heat preservation. And after the slag steel is fully layered, opening a sliding water gap at the lower part of the slag ladle to discharge molten steel, and carrying out subsequent treatment on the residual steel slag in the ladle in a pouring or slag skimming mode. The technology needs the heat supplement of molten steel to separate the molten steel into layers, has a complex structure and is difficult to implement on site.
In view of the above, there is a need to develop a new device and technology for separating molten steel from casting residues, which can quickly separate slag and molten steel in the casting residues, and return the molten steel to a smelting process, so as to effectively solve the problem of treatment of the casting residues, and achieve the dual effects of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a special slag ladle, a device and a method for separating molten steel from casting residues, when the ladle filled with partial molten iron is used for receiving the molten steel separated from the casting residues, the steel slag in the casting residues flows into a slag pot through a slag overflow groove, the casting residues molten steel is poured into a ladle preloaded with partial molten steel through a pouring opening (the mixture of the casting residues molten steel and the molten iron is called semisteel), the steel slag and the semisteel are separately treated, and the semisteel is directly poured into a converter or is fully added with molten iron to be desulfurized and then enters the converter, and returns to a main flow of steelmaking, so that the thermal recovery of the molten steel in the casting residues is realized. The special slag ladle, the device and the method for separating the molten steel from the casting slag not only recycle the hot molten steel in the casting slag, but also simplify the reprocessing flow of the casting slag, thereby having remarkable economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a special ladle for separating molten steel from casting slag, which comprises a ladle body, and a slag overflow groove and a pouring opening which are arranged on the ladle body;
the slag ladle body is of a barrel-shaped structure with a U-shaped vertical section, an opening at the upper part and a cavity in the middle;
the slag overflow groove and the steel pouring opening are respectively arranged at two sides of the slag ladle body.
Preferably, the slag ladle body comprises an outer shell and a lining arranged on the outer shell;
the shell is made of a boiler steel plate by welding, and is provided with small holes;
the inner lining comprises an insulating layer, a permanent layer and a working layer which are sequentially arranged close to the outer shell.
Preferably, the outer shell is welded with reinforcing ribs and reinforcing hoops.
Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is built by using asbestos plates; the permanent layer is built by clay bricks; the working layer below the slag overflow groove adopts high-alumina bricks, and the working layer above the slag overflow groove adopts magnesia carbon bricks.
Preferably, trunnions are symmetrically arranged on the slag ladle body, and tilting mechanisms are arranged on the trunnions on one side of the slag ladle body.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for separating molten steel from cast slag, comprising a dedicated ladle for separating molten steel from cast slag according to the first aspect of the present invention, a roaster, a slag ladle, and a ladle;
the special slag ladle is fixed on the upright post and rotates through the tipping mechanism;
the roaster is used for roasting the special slag ladle;
the slag pot is used for receiving the steel slag overflowed from the slag overflow groove by the special slag ladle;
the ladle is used for receiving the casting residue molten steel poured from the pouring spout by the special ladle.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for separating molten steel from casting slag using the apparatus for separating molten steel from casting slag, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Receiving a portion of the molten iron with the roasted ladle;
(2) Pouring casting residue in the steel ladle into a special slag ladle which is just baked after molten steel pouring is finished, and overflowing the steel slag in the casting residue to a slag pot;
(3) After the steel slag overflows to a slag pot, pouring the casting residual molten steel in the special slag ladle into the ladle in the step (1) rapidly to form semisteel;
(4) And respectively carrying out independent treatment on the steel slag and the semisteel.
Preferably, in the step (1):
when the ladle receives part of molten iron, the temperature of the received molten iron is higher than 1300 ℃; and/or
The filling amount of the partial molten iron is 4% -15% of the ladle capacity; and/or
In the step (2):
the temperature of the working layer of the baked special slag ladle is 800-1200 ℃; and/or
Pouring time of casting residues in the ladle is not more than 5min; and/or
In the step (3):
pouring the casting residue molten steel into a ladle filled with part of molten iron within 10 min; and/or
The ladle receives at least 1 ladle of casting residue molten steel in casting residue at a time; and/or
In the step (4):
the semisteel is treated separately as follows: pouring semisteel into a converter or filling molten iron into an iron receiving pit, desulfurizing and slagging-off, and pouring into the converter for converting.
Preferably, in the step (3), the ladle receives 1 to 6 pieces of molten steel remaining from casting residues at a time.
Preferably, the ladle takes less than 40 minutes from the time of receiving molten iron to the time of receiving the first ladle of surplus molten steel; the ladle waiting time is not more than 3 hours in the process of receiving the multi-ladle casting residual molten steel.
The special slag ladle, the device and the method for separating molten steel from casting residues provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the special slag ladle for separating molten steel from casting slag is provided with the slag overflow groove and the steel pouring opening, has a simple integral structure, is convenient to use, can quickly separate slag in the casting slag from the casting slag, and is convenient to recycle respectively;
2. according to the device and the method for separating molten steel from the casting residues, disclosed by the invention, the casting residues in the casting residues are completely recovered through the slag-steel separation of the casting residues, so that the metal recovery rate in the steelmaking process is improved, and the economic benefit is remarkably improved;
3. according to the device and the method for separating molten steel from casting residues, the casting residues of the molten steel in the casting residues are recovered, the slag treatment process is simplified, and the production cost is reduced;
4. the device and the method for separating molten steel from the casting residues finish the production of the casting residues, solve the problems of long flow, high cost and serious pollution in the existing casting residue treatment process, and realize the clean production in the steelmaking process;
5. the device and the method for separating molten steel from casting residues can promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the steelmaking process and improve the product competitiveness.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a special ladle for separating molten steel from casting residues according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a dedicated ladle for separating molten steel from cast slag according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing an apparatus for separating molten steel from casting residues according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for separating molten steel from casting residues according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the special ladle 12 for separating molten steel from casting slag provided by the invention comprises a ladle body, a slag overflow groove 2 and a pouring opening 8, wherein the slag overflow groove 2 and the pouring opening 8 are arranged on the ladle body; the slag ladle body is of a barrel-shaped structure with a U-shaped vertical section, an opening at the upper part and a cavity in the middle; the slag overflow groove 2 and the steel pouring opening 8 are respectively arranged at two sides of the slag ladle body; wherein the overflow launder 2 overflows the steel slag in the casting residue 11, and in a specific embodiment, the position of the overflow launder 2 is determined by the total amount of casting residue 11 and the amount of molten steel therein, so that the steel slag in the casting residue 11 flows into the slag pot 16 as much as possible.
In combination with the illustration of fig. 1, in a specific embodiment, the ladle body comprises a shell 1 and a lining arranged on the shell 1, the special ladle 12 has a structure similar to a ladle, and the special ladle 12 frequently accommodates and tips the casting slag 11, and the lining is configured by refractory materials to meet the slag steel separation requirement of the casting slag 11; wherein the shell 1 is made of a boiler steel plate by welding, the thickness of the wrapping wall and the wrapping bottom of the shell 1 is about 15-35 mm, and in order to ensure the smooth discharge of moisture during baking, small holes are drilled on the shell 1, and the aperture of the small holes is 6-10 mm; in addition, in order to strengthen the firmness of the slag ladle body, a reinforcing rib and a reinforcing hoop are welded at the waist part of the shell 1. The lining comprises an insulating layer 3, a permanent layer 4 and a working layer 6; the heat preservation layer 3 is arranged close to the shell 1, has the thickness of about 10-15 mm, and is mainly used for reducing heat loss, and the heat preservation layer 3 is built by using asbestos plates; the working layer 6 is far away from the shell 1, is directly contacted with casting residue 11 and is easy to fall off under the action of mechanical scouring and rapid cooling and heating, so that the working layer 6 below the slag overflow groove 2 adopts high-alumina bricks, the working layer 6 above the slag overflow groove 2 adopts magnesia carbon bricks, and the thickness of the working layer 6 is about 100-200 mm; the permanent layer 4 is arranged between the heat preservation layer 3 and the working layer 6, and is built by clay bricks, and the thickness is about 30-60 mm.
Referring to fig. 2, in a specific embodiment, trunnions 5 are symmetrically arranged on the slag ladle body, and a tilting mechanism 7 is arranged on the trunnion 5 on one side of the slag ladle body; the trunnion 5 is perpendicular to the plane where the overflow groove and the pouring opening 8 are positioned, the trunnion is symmetrically distributed at two sides of the ladle body, the height direction is equal to the overflow opening, the special ladle 12 rotates along the trunnion 5, and after the steel slag of the casting residue 11 is poured into the slag pot 16, the special ladle 12 reversely rotates through the tilting mechanism 7 to pour the casting residue molten steel into the ladle 13.
Referring to FIG. 3, the apparatus for separating molten steel from casting residues according to the present invention comprises the above-mentioned special ladle 12 for separating molten steel from casting residues, a roaster 17, a slag pot 16, and a ladle 13; wherein the special slag ladle 12 is fixed on the upright post 15, and the reverse rotation is realized through the tipping mechanism 7; the roaster 17 is used for roasting the special slag ladle 12; the slag pot 16 is used for receiving the steel slag overflowed from the slag overflow groove 2 by the special slag ladle 12, and is arranged below the slag overflow groove 2 of the special slag ladle 12; the ladle 13 is for receiving the molten steel casting from the pouring spout 8 of the special ladle 12, and is placed below the tap hole of the special ladle 12.
The method for separating molten steel from casting residues provided by the invention is suitable for the casting residue treatment process of the steel ladle cover, and ensures that the casting residues still have good fluidity after the molten steel is poured; the device for separating molten steel from casting residues is adopted in the treatment process, the special slag ladle 12 is used for transferring the steel slag in the casting residues 11, so that the separation of molten steel in the casting residues 11 is realized, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Receiving a portion of molten iron 14 with a roasted ladle 13;
the specific process comprises the following steps: before pouring the casting slag 11, preparing, placing a slag pot 16 below the slag overflow groove 2 of the special slag ladle 12, and after receiving part of molten iron 14 by using the baked ladle 13, transporting the ladle 13 from the raw material span to the lower part of a tapping hole of the special slag ladle 12 by using a span trolley; wherein the charge amount of the molten iron 14 in the ladle 13 depends on the amount of molten steel in the casting residues, specifically, the charge amount of the molten iron 14 in the ladle 13 is about 4% -15% of the ladle capacity, the temperature of the charged molten iron 14 should be more than 1300 ℃ in consideration of temperature drop, and the time from the charging of the molten iron 14 to the receiving of the first ladle of the casting residues of the molten steel in the ladle 13 should be controlled within 40 min.
(2) Pouring the casting residue 11 in the ladle 10 into a special slag ladle 12 which is just baked after molten steel pouring is finished, and overflowing the steel slag in the casting residue 11 to a slag pot 16;
the specific process is as follows: before using, the special slag ladle 12 is baked by the baker 17 to enable the temperature of the working layer 6 to reach 800-1200 ℃, and before starting to topple over, the baker 17 is removed and then the tipping operation is carried out. When the continuous casting machine finishes pouring molten steel, lifting the ladle 10 filled with casting residues to the position above the special slag ladle 12, rapidly pouring the casting residues 11 in the ladle 10 into the baked special slag ladle 12, and controlling the pouring time (from the beginning of slag discharge to the completion of slag pouring) to be no more than 5min; when the casting residue 11 is poured into the special slag ladle 12, the steel slag in the casting residue 11 flows into the slag pot 16 through the slag overflow groove 2.
(3) Pouring the casting residue molten steel in the special ladle 12 into the ladle 13 in the step (1) rapidly;
the specific process is as follows: after the slag in the casting residue 11 flows into the slag pot 16 through the slag overflow groove 2, the special slag ladle 12 is reversely rotated, the casting residue molten steel is rapidly poured into the ladle 13 prepared in the step (1), and the casting residue molten steel is poured into the ladle filled with part of molten iron within 10 min; wherein the ladle 13 is adapted to receive at least 1 ladle of molten steel remaining from the casting residue; specifically, the time from the receiving of molten iron to the receiving of the first ladle of surplus molten steel is less than 40 minutes; in the process of receiving the multi-ladle casting residual molten steel, the waiting time of the ladle is not more than 3 hours. In a concrete process, when another continuous casting machine finishes casting, pouring the casting residue 11 in the ladle 10 into a special slag ladle 12 by adopting the same method, and carrying out molten steel separation operation, wherein the ladle 13 can receive 1-6 packages of casting residue 11 of casting residue molten steel each time according to the site situation.
(4) Separately processing slag and casting residual molten steel;
the specific process is as follows: when the slag pot 16 is full, the slag pot is transported to a slag yard for treatment by a slag holding tank truck; after the ladle 13 receives the casting residual molten steel, the ladle 13 is conveyed to a raw material span, and semisteel is directly poured into a converter to complete the recovery of molten steel in the hot casting residual slag; or the ladle 13 is conveyed to a raw material span, filled with molten iron, desulfurized and deslagged, and poured into a converter to complete recovery of molten steel in hot casting residues.
The method for separating molten steel from casting residue according to the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, and the slag ladle and the apparatus for separating molten steel from casting residue according to the present invention will be used for slag-steel separation.
Example 1
In the case of a 250 ton ladle, the casting residue amount was 7 tons (40% of molten steel), and the molten steel density was 6.5t/m 3 Slag density 2.4t/m 3 And (3) calculating to obtain: slag volume 1.17m 3 Molten steel volume 0.65m 3 Total volume of 1.82m 3 . Can design the special slag ladle volume of 2.5m 3 Wherein the volume below the overflow is about 0.7m 3 The whole special slag ladle is fixed at the pouring position of casting slag, and the slag ladle is enabled to rotate back and forth through a tilting mechanism arranged on the trunnion.
For 250 ton converter steelmaking, the ladle and molten iron contents used were 250 tons, respectively.
The method for separating molten steel from casting residues of the embodiment comprises the following steps: first, 30 tons (12% of ladle capacity) of molten iron at 1310 ℃ is preloaded into a ladle, and the ladle is transported to a casting residue receiving station of a molten steel receiving bay by a cross-carriage. After the first ladle of molten steel is poured, the casting residue ladle is hoisted to a casting residue pouring station, and then the casting residue is poured into a special residue ladle baked at 950 ℃ within 2 minutes. The ladle lasted 30 minutes from the time of receiving the part of the molten iron to the time of receiving the first ladle casting residues. The steel slag flows into the slag pot through the overflow groove, and the casting residual molten steel in the special slag ladle is poured into the ladle within 6 minutes. The same operation is also adopted for the second ladle casting residues, the waiting time of the ladle is 1.5 hours, the ladle receives the casting residues of 4 ladle casting residues, and the total amount of the molten iron preloaded by the ladle is about 31 tons of semisteel. And then the semisteel is directly returned to a converter for smelting, so that molten steel recovery of hot casting residues is completed.
Example 2
This example is still directed to the 250 ton converter and 2.5m of example 1 3 The method for separating molten steel from casting residues by using the special ladle comprises the following steps: firstly, 10 tons (accounting for 4 percent of the ladle capacity) of 1300 ℃ of molten iron is preloaded into a ladle, and the ladle is transported to a casting residue receiving station of a molten steel receiving span by a cross-over trolley. After the first ladle of molten steel is poured, the casting residue ladle is hoisted to a casting residue pouring station, and then the casting residue is poured into a special slag ladle baked at 800 ℃ within 5 minutes. Ladle from receiving part of molten iron to receiving first ladleThe casting residue was left for 15 minutes. The steel slag flows into a slag pot through an overflow groove, casting residual molten steel in a special slag ladle is rapidly poured into a ladle within 10 minutes, and molten iron pre-filled in the ladle is added to form 13 tons of semisteel. And then semi-steel in the ladle is conveyed to a receiving station to be filled with molten iron, and after desulfurization and slag skimming are carried out at a desulfurization station, the semi-steel is poured into a return converter to be smelted, so that molten steel recovery of hot casting residues is completed.
Example 3
The method for separating molten steel from casting residues of the embodiment comprises the following steps: first, 38 tons (15% of ladle capacity) of 1380 ℃ molten iron is preloaded into a ladle, and the ladle is transported to a casting residue receiving station of a molten steel receiving span by a cross-over trolley. After the first ladle of molten steel is poured, the casting residue ladle is hoisted to a casting residue pouring station, and then the casting residue is poured into a special slag ladle baked at 1200 ℃ within 4 minutes. The ladle lasted 40 minutes from the time of receiving the part of the molten iron to the time of receiving the first ladle casting residues. The steel slag flows into the slag pot through the overflow groove, and the casting residual molten steel in the special slag ladle is poured into the ladle within 10 minutes. The same operation is also adopted for the second ladle casting residues, the waiting time of the ladle is 3 hours, the ladle receives the casting residues of 6 ladles of casting residues, and the total amount of the molten iron preloaded in the ladle is about 54 tons of semisteel. And then the semisteel is directly returned to a converter for smelting, so that molten steel recovery of hot casting residues is completed.
In examples 1 to 3, the production cost can be reduced by about 800 yuan per 1 ton of returned casting residues, and the cost can be reduced by 1.6 billion yuan per year for 1000 ten thousand tons of steel plants, thereby having great economic benefits.
The special slag ladle for separating molten steel from casting slag is provided with the slag overflow groove and the steel pouring opening, has a simple integral structure, is convenient to use, can quickly separate slag in the casting slag from the casting slag, and is convenient to recycle respectively; according to the device and the method for separating molten steel from the casting residues, disclosed by the invention, the casting residues in the casting residues are completely recovered through the slag-steel separation of the casting residues, so that the metal recovery rate in the steelmaking process is improved, and the economic benefit is remarkably improved; according to the device and the method for separating molten steel from casting residues, the casting residues of the molten steel in the casting residues are recovered, the slag treatment process is simplified, and the production cost is reduced; the device and the method for separating molten steel from the casting residues finish the production of the casting residues, solve the problems of long flow, high cost and serious pollution in the existing casting residue treatment process, and realize the clean production in the steelmaking process; the device and the method for separating molten steel from casting residues can promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the steelmaking process and improve the product competitiveness.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are provided for illustration only and not for limitation of the invention, and that variations and modifications of the above described embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the invention as long as they fall within the true spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The special slag ladle for separating molten steel from casting slag is characterized by comprising a slag ladle body, and a slag overflow groove and a steel pouring opening which are arranged on the slag ladle body;
the slag ladle body is of a barrel-shaped structure with a U-shaped vertical section, an opening at the upper part and a cavity in the middle;
the slag overflow groove and the steel pouring opening are respectively arranged at two sides of the slag ladle body,
the slag ladle body comprises a shell and a lining arranged on the shell;
the shell is made of a boiler steel plate by welding, and is provided with small holes, wherein the aperture of the small holes is 6-10 mm;
the lining comprises an insulating layer, a permanent layer and a working layer which are sequentially arranged close to the shell,
the working layer below the slag overflow groove adopts high-alumina bricks, and the working layer above the slag overflow groove adopts magnesia carbon bricks;
the heat preservation layer is built by asbestos plates; the permanent layer is built by clay bricks;
the thickness of the working layer is 100-200 mm; the permanent layer is arranged between the heat insulation layer and the working layer, the thickness is 30-60 mm,
the position of the slag overflow groove is determined by the total amount of casting slag and the amount of molten steel in the slag overflow groove so that the steel slag in the casting slag flows into the slag pot,
the slag ladle body is symmetrically provided with trunnions, the trunnion on one side of the slag ladle body is provided with a tilting mechanism, the trunnions are perpendicular to the plane where the overflow groove and the steel pouring opening are located, are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the slag ladle body, and are leveled with the slag pouring opening in the height direction, so that the special slag ladle rotates along the trunnions, and after the slag of casting slag is poured into a slag ladle, the special slag ladle reversely rotates through the tilting mechanism to pour the casting slag into the ladle.
2. The special ladle for separating molten steel from casting residue according to claim 1, wherein the outer shell is welded with a reinforcing rib and a reinforcing hoop.
3. An apparatus for separating molten steel from cast slag, comprising a roaster, a slag ladle, and a special ladle for separating molten steel from cast slag according to any one of claims 1 to 2;
the special slag ladle is fixed on the upright post and rotates through the tipping mechanism;
the roaster is used for roasting the special slag ladle;
the slag pot is used for receiving the steel slag overflowed from the slag overflow groove by the special slag ladle;
the ladle is used for receiving the casting residue molten steel poured from the pouring spout by the special ladle.
4. A method of separating molten steel from cast slag using the apparatus of claim 3, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) Receiving a portion of the molten iron with the roasted ladle;
(2) Pouring casting residue in the steel ladle into a special slag ladle which is just baked after molten steel pouring is finished, and overflowing the steel slag in the casting residue to a slag pot;
(3) After the steel slag overflows to a slag pot, pouring the casting residual molten steel in the special slag ladle into the ladle in the step (1) rapidly to form semisteel;
(4) The steel slag and the semisteel are respectively treated independently,
in the step (1):
when the ladle receives part of molten iron, the temperature of the received molten iron is higher than 1300 ℃;
the filling amount of the partial molten iron is 4% -15% of the ladle capacity;
in the step (2):
the temperature of the working layer of the baked special slag ladle is 800-1200 ℃;
pouring time of casting residues in the ladle is not more than 5min;
in the step (3):
pouring the casting residue molten steel into a ladle filled with part of molten iron within 10 min;
the ladle receives at least 1 ladle of casting residue molten steel in casting residue at a time;
in the step (4):
the semisteel is treated separately as follows: pouring semisteel into a converter or filling molten iron into an iron receiving pit, desulfurizing and slagging-off, and pouring into the converter for converting.
5. The method of separating molten steel from casting residues according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the ladle receives 1 to 6 pieces of casting residues at a time.
6. The method of separating molten steel from casting residue of claim 5, wherein the ladle is maintained for a period of time from receiving molten iron to receiving a first ladle of casting residue molten steel < 40min; the ladle waiting time is not more than 3 hours in the process of receiving the multi-ladle casting residual molten steel.
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